CN105790771A - 3D topographic data compression method of superhigh compression ratio - Google Patents

3D topographic data compression method of superhigh compression ratio Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105790771A
CN105790771A CN201610183626.XA CN201610183626A CN105790771A CN 105790771 A CN105790771 A CN 105790771A CN 201610183626 A CN201610183626 A CN 201610183626A CN 105790771 A CN105790771 A CN 105790771A
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China
Prior art keywords
deviant
compression
node
elevational
data
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CN201610183626.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张楠
王军良
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Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co Ltd
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Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610183626.XA priority Critical patent/CN105790771A/en
Publication of CN105790771A publication Critical patent/CN105790771A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
    • H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
    • H03M7/40—Conversion to or from variable length codes, e.g. Shannon-Fano code, Huffman code, Morse code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/29—Geographical information databases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Processing Or Creating Images (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D topographic data compression method of a superhigh compression ratio. The method comprises the steps of 1) grid subdivision of the landform; 2) calculation of deviants; 3) coding and storing the deviants; and 4) carrying out Huffman code compression on stored data. The compression method comprises deviant extracted compression and routine word-length-variable code compression; in deviant extracted compression, elevation data is compressed from four bytes into one byte, namely, the compression ratio is 1:4; in routine word-length-variable code compression, the compression ratios vary with different concrete data, the landform data in certain area tend to be similar to each other, and the compression ratio ranges from 1:5 to 1:10; and thus, the final compression ratio ranges from 1:20 to 1:40.

Description

The three dimensional topographic data compression method of superelevation compression ratio
Technical field
The present invention relates to three dimensional topographic data compression method, especially relate to the three dimensional topographic data compression method of superelevation compression ratio.
Background technology
In existing large-scale three dimensional GIS-Geographic Information System, include the high accuracy number altitude data of global geographical information, owing to data volume is huge, all suffer from very big pressure when data storage and network transmission, therefore the compression method of these data is just proposed significantly high requirement.At present, conventional data compression method is directly to use the lossless compressiongs such as ZIP/RAR, and compression ratio is unsatisfactory.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing the three dimensional topographic data compression method of a kind of superelevation compression ratio, for processing the exclusively graphic data used in three-dimensional geographic information system.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical proposals:
The three dimensional topographic data compression method of superelevation compression ratio of the present invention, comprises the steps:
One, terrain tile segmentation
Globally graphic data will project according to longitude and latitude, and be divided into the Eastern Hemisphere and two, the Western Hemisphere root node；Each described root node is divided into 4 × 4 child nodes；
Two, deviant is calculated
Each described child node comprises 513 × 513 elevational points, for amount of compressed data, first calculates the deviant of each described elevational point, and namely the actual height value of this child node deducts the height value obtained by its father node difference；
Three, deviant is encoded storage
Take minima and the maximum of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, then the coding of each deviant is calculated obtaining the encoded radio B:B=(h of a byte with following formula0-hmin/hmax-hmin) × 255；
H in formula0For the deviant of elevational point, hminFor the minima of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, hmaxMaximum for the deviant of all elevational points of this node；
During storage, first the minima of all for this node elevational points and maximum are stored, then according to the coding of each elevational point is stored by order from left to right, from top to bottom one by one；
Four, above-mentioned storage data are carried out Huffman (Huffman) compression coding.
The invention has the advantages that and be mainly reflected in:
1, directly determined the coordinate of each elevational point by described node relationships, therefore only need to record height value, it is not necessary to record longitude and latitude；
2, described height value is after overcompression, and each height value takies byte less than a byte, and its compression ratio is substantially better than " real-coded GA and ZIP compression " method of routine；
3, the level-of-detail technology (LOD, English full name LevelOfDetails, i.e. detail) of this compression method and three-dimensional geographic information system is consistent, it may be assumed that the landform precision more remote apart from camera lens is more low, and the landform precision more near apart from camera lens is more high；From the angle of three-dimensional geographic information system, data remain lossless.(sighting distance draw close time, data lossless)
Compression method of the present invention contains deviant, and to extract compression (can be 1 byte by 4 byte-code compression by altitude data, namely compression ratio is 1:4) and the conventional variable word length coding compression (difference according to concrete data, compression ratio is also different, terrain data is typically more close in a certain region, its compression ratio is typically between 1:5 to 1:10), therefore final compression ratio is approximately between 1:20 to 1:40.
Concrete real-time mode
The three dimensional topographic data compression method of superelevation compression ratio of the present invention, comprises the steps:
One, terrain tile segmentation
Globally graphic data will project according to longitude and latitude, and be divided into the Eastern Hemisphere and two, the Western Hemisphere root node；Each described root node is divided into 4 × 4 child nodes；Carrying out terrain tile division according to the pyramid structure (i.e. quad-tree structure) in three-dimensional geographic information system, root node is east, two, the Western Hemisphere terrain tile.
Two, deviant is calculated
Each described child node comprises 513 × 513 elevational points, for amount of compressed data, first calculates the deviant of each described elevational point, and namely the actual height value of this child node deducts the height value obtained by his father's knot interpolation；
By the height value of father node by interpolation calculation, obtain the height value (reckoning height value) of present node, then deduct reckoning height value by the actual height value of present node, obtain skew height value.The purpose of do so is to make the data of storage little as much as possible, is relatively owing to calculating height value and actual height value, so offseting height value always about 0 floating.
Three, deviant is encoded storage
Take minima and the maximum of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, then the coding of each deviant is calculated obtaining the encoded radio B:B=(h of a byte with following formula0-hmin/hmax-hmin) × 255；
H in formula0For the deviant of elevational point, hminFor the minima of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, hmaxMaximum for the deviant of all elevational points of this node；
During storage, first the minima of all for this node elevational points and maximum are stored, then according to the coding of each elevational point is stored by order from left to right, from top to bottom one by one；
The purpose of this step is: store elevation in order to convenient by single byte, deviant is converted to the integer between 0 ~ 255.
Four, above-mentioned storage data are carried out Huffman encoding compression.
Altitude data performs conventional variable word length compression, and for the altitude data in a terrain tile, its value has repeatability significantly, and therefore this compression method can provide good compression ratio, is very necessary.

Claims (1)

1. the three dimensional topographic data compression method of a superelevation compression ratio, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
One, terrain tile segmentation
Globally graphic data will project according to longitude and latitude, and be divided into the Eastern Hemisphere and two, the Western Hemisphere root node；Each described root node is divided into 4 × 4 child nodes；
Two, deviant is calculated
Each described child node comprises 513 × 513 elevational points, first calculates the deviant of each described elevational point, and namely the actual height value of this child node deducts the height value obtained by its father node difference；
Three, deviant is encoded storage
Take minima and the maximum of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, then the coding of each deviant is calculated obtaining the encoded radio B:B=(h of a byte with following formula0-hmin/hmax-hmin) × 255；
H in formula0For the deviant of elevational point, hminFor the minima of the deviant of all elevational points of this child node, hmaxMaximum for the deviant of all elevational points of this node；
During storage, first the minima of all for this node elevational points and maximum are stored, then according to the coding of each elevational point is stored by order from left to right, from top to bottom one by one；
Four, above-mentioned storage data are carried out Huffman encoding compression.
CN201610183626.XA 2016-03-29 2016-03-29 3D topographic data compression method of superhigh compression ratio Pending CN105790771A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610183626.XA CN105790771A (en) 2016-03-29 2016-03-29 3D topographic data compression method of superhigh compression ratio

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610183626.XA CN105790771A (en) 2016-03-29 2016-03-29 3D topographic data compression method of superhigh compression ratio

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CN105790771A true CN105790771A (en) 2016-07-20

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Cited By (2)

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CN110738735A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-31 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 method for improving three-dimensional digital earth platform display effect
CN114679183A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-06-28 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 Grid tile integer data lossless compression method based on distance information

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110738735A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-31 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 method for improving three-dimensional digital earth platform display effect
CN110738735B (en) * 2019-10-23 2023-11-07 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 Method for improving display effect of three-dimensional digital earth platform
CN114679183A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-06-28 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 Grid tile integer data lossless compression method based on distance information
CN114679183B (en) * 2022-03-07 2024-05-10 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 Grating tile integer data lossless compression method based on distance information

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