CN116642469A - Lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring method based on multi-source satellite cooperation - Google Patents
Lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring method based on multi-source satellite cooperation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of a lake and a reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out remote sensing monitoring on the topography of a lake and reservoir without ground observation based on GF-7DLC images to obtain DSM topography data of the lake and reservoir; s2, constructing a model 1, namely constructing a model based on a relationship model of water level, water body area and water storage capacity of the DSM (model building) of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir; s3, constructing a model 2 based on a relationship model of water level, water area and water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir of the height measurement satellite and the remote sensing water area; s4, constructing a model 1 and a model 2 water level discontinuous correction model; s5, constructing a remote sensing monitoring model of the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation, namely constructing a model 3; s6, the method is used for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir. The invention improves the remote sensing monitoring range and the monitoring precision of the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir, and improves the monitoring capability of the water storage capacity space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of remote sensing, in particular to a method for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage capacity space-time change of a lake and a reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation.
Background
The lake and the reservoir are important carriers of surface water resources, store a large amount of water resources, and have important functions of flood control, cultivation, shipping, ecological system service and the like. The lake reservoir is used as a key element of water circulation, is very sensitive to climate change and human activity, and the change of the water storage capacity of the lake reservoir is the most direct physical quantity for representing the water circulation of the lake reservoir, so that the development of the monitoring of the change of the water storage capacity of the lake reservoir has important scientific significance for understanding the evolution rule of the water circulation and predicting the evolution trend of the water circulation, and has important practical significance for reasonable allocation and protection of the water resources of the lake reservoir.
The water storage capacity of the lake and the reservoir is difficult to directly measure, the traditional monitoring mode obtains a water level and reservoir capacity relation curve of the lake and the reservoir through actual measurement terrain, and then the water level change of the lake and the reservoir is monitored through construction of hydrologic stations so as to realize the dynamic monitoring of the water storage capacity of the lake and the reservoir. The topography measurement and the station construction of the lakes and reservoirs are high in cost, so that only partial lakes and reservoirs at present have the dynamic water level and water storage capacity monitoring capability, and the dynamic monitoring of the water storage capacity of the lakes and reservoirs in a large range is difficult to realize only by means of the traditional monitoring mode. The remote sensing monitoring technology has the advantage of large-scale monitoring, and in recent years, the remote sensing monitoring technology has more and more attention in monitoring the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lakes and reservoirs. The basic principle of the remote sensing monitoring of the water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir is that satellite remote sensing is utilized to acquire the topographic data of the lake and reservoir or the matching data of the water level and the water area of the lake and reservoir to construct a water level and area relation curve of the lake and reservoir, a remote sensing monitoring model of the water level, area and water storage capacity change of the lake and reservoir is deduced, and the dynamic monitoring of the water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir is realized by dynamically monitoring the water area change of the lake and reservoir.
According to different construction modes of lake reservoir water level-area relation, the construction method of the lake reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model can be divided into a lake reservoir water storage construction method based on topographic data and a lake reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model construction method based on remote sensing water body area-height water level, and the two methods have advantages and disadvantages. Lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model construction method based on terrain data can acquire water surface at time point of acquisition of lake and reservoir terrain (S) 0 ) The continuous water level-area relation curve can not obtain the minimum water area S of the lake and the reservoir min ～S 0 Water level-area relationship curve of the interval. In addition, the current topography data adopted in construction of the lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model based on topography data is mostly SRTM DEM, the topography data is 30 m resolution topography data acquired in 2000, the data timeliness is poor, the data resolution is low, and the current topography characteristics of the lake and reservoir are difficult to accurately acquire. The lake reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model construction method based on the remote sensing water volume area and the height measurement water level has the advantages that a water level-area relation curve between the minimum and maximum water area of the lake reservoir history can be obtained, but the method requires time sequence data of the water volume and the height measurement water level on the same day of the lake reservoir, and has limited practical application capacity due to the fact that space-time coverage capacity of the height measurement satellite is very limited and the fact that the height measurement water level and the remote sensing water volume are difficult to match in time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multi-source satellite cooperation-based lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring method, which combines high-frequency remote sensing water body area and ICEsat-2 high-precision laser altimetry data which are dynamically acquired by a high-resolution seven (GF-7) new generation three-dimensional mapping satellite to construct a non-ground-observation lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring model, and improves the monitoring range and monitoring precision of the non-ground-observation lake and reservoir water storage space-time change monitoring capability through cooperation of three-dimensional mapping satellites, optical satellites and laser altimetry satellite data. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring method based on multi-source satellite cooperation comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out remote sensing monitoring on the topography of the lake and reservoir without ground observation based on GF-7DLC images to obtain DSM topography data of the lake and reservoir
Acquiring a cloud-free GF-7DLCL1A grade product of a covered ground-free observation lake and reservoir from a land observation satellite data service website of a Chinese resource satellite application center, if a multi-period GF-7DLCL1A product exists, overlapping images, selecting a scene GF-7DLCL1A product with the minimum water area range, and processing the GF-7DLC L1A product by using an ENVI5.6 software RPC Orthorectification Using DSM from Dense Image Matching tool to generate a 1m spatial resolution DSM and a 0.5m full-color image; generating or drawing a lake buffer area vector, and utilizing the buffer area vector to cut and acquire the DSM topographic data of the lake and the reservoir.
S2, constructing a model 1, namely constructing a model based on a DSM (model building model) of the relationship between water level, water body area and water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir
Based on the ground-free observation of the reservoir DSM, at the lowest water level L 0 As the water level starting point, at the highest water level L max As an end point, a water level interval DeltaL is set to obtain L 0 -L max A water level-water body area-water storage amount relation model (model 1) in the water level range.
S GF-7DSM ＝f1(L GF-7DSM )，L GF-7DSM ＞L 0 (1)
Wherein: l (L) 0 Lake and reservoir water levels when imaging GF-7; l (L) GF-7DSM For lake and reservoir water level change obtained by GF-7DSM, setting the water level change interval as delta L, then L GF-7DSM ＝L 0 +kΔL,k＝1,2,…,floor((L max -L 0 ) Δl), floor is a downward rounding function; s is S GF-7DSM For obtaining lake and reservoir water level L based on GF-7DSM GF-7DSM The corresponding equal-altitude area, namely the water body area; f1 is a lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-7 DSM; v is L 0 -L GF-7DSM And the water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir in the water level range.
To ensure the lake and reservoir water level L obtained based on GF-7DSM GF-7DSM Corresponding contour area S GF-7DSM For the water body area, gao Chengxiao in L outside the lake range and in the lake buffer zone needs to be removed GF-7DSM Is used for estimating the interference of the land pixels on the water body area. The invention adopts an automatic calculation method for the lake and reservoir water body area based on DSM and space constraint vector, and the specific thinking is that Gao Cheng L is extracted based on the lake and reservoir buffer zone GF-7DSM GF-7DSM The pixel of (2) is converted into a contour vector, the contour vector and the constraint vector are subjected to intersection operation, and the contour vector intersected with the constraint vector is reserved as a lake reservoir water level L GF-7DSM Water body area vector.
S3, constructing a model 2S31, and acquiring the time sequence water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using the ICESat-2 height measurement satellite, wherein the model is based on the relationship between the water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir, the water area of the water body and the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir
Downloading ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products from an ice and snow data center of the United states, screening ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement data by using a water vector of a non-ground observation lake and reservoir, and acquiring time sequence data L of the water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using an ICEsat-2ATL13 laser point measurement high water level mean value in the water area range of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir as the average water level of the lake and reservoir and using different-phase ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products if the non-ground observation lake and reservoir has ICEsat-2 height measurement data ICEsat-2 。
S32, acquiring water body area time sequence data of non-ground observation lakes and reservoirs by utilizing GF-1/6 optical satellites
Acquiring ground-free observation lake and reservoir GF-1/6WFV images from a Chinese resource satellite application center land observation satellite data service website, respectively performing orthographic correction, radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction and image clipping to obtain ground-free observation lake and reservoir GF-1/6WFV remote sensing reflectivity images, and acquiring ground-free observation lake and reservoir water area time sequence data S by using an object-oriented and bimodal threshold-based lake and reservoir water area automatic extraction method GF-1/6 。
S33, constructing a model 2 by using ICEsat-2 to measure the height water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area; ICEsat-2 laser height water level time sequence data L based on ground-free observation of lake and reservoir ICEsat-2 And GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area time sequence data S GF-1/6 And obtaining an ICEsat-2 high water level-GF-1/6 remote sensing water area sample of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir through date matching, and constructing a water level-water area-water storage capacity relation model (model 2).
Wherein: s is S GF-1/6 For observing the lake and reservoir GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area without ground, km 2 ；L ICEsat-2 Measuring the height of water level, m, for the ICESat-2 of the lake reservoir; f2 is a lake and reservoir water level-area relation model based on the height measurement water level and the remote sensing water area;andthe minimum height water level and the maximum height water level of the ICEsat-2 in the lake and the reservoir are respectively; v is the lake or reservoir->Water storage capacity in water level range, million m 3 。
S4, constructing model 1 and model 2 water level discontinuous correction models
GF-7DSM can accurately acquire the change of the topography of a lake and a reservoir, but has limited absolute precision, so that the water level-area discontinuity phenomenon exists when the model 1 and the model 2 are combined, and a water level discontinuity correction model is constructed based on the water level-area relationship acquired by the model 1 and the model 2. The construction steps of the water level interruption correction model are as follows:
s41, obtaining a water level L by obtaining GF-7DSM under the same water body area through water body area matching based on a water level-area relation model (formula (1) and formula (3)) obtained by the model 1 and the model 2 GF-7DSM And ICESat-2 height measuring water level L ICEsat-2 L-based construction using linear fitting ICEsat-2 L of (2) GF-7DSM And (5) a water level correction equation.
L ICEsat-2 ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (5)
S42, correcting the GF-7DSM water level by using the formula (5), reconstructing a water level-area relation model, and eliminating the intermittent problem of the water level-area relation of the model 1 and the model 2.
L' GF-7DSM ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (6)
S GF-7DSM ＝f′1(L′ GF-7DSM ) (7)
Wherein: l'. GF-7DSM M is the modified GF-7DSM water level; f '1 is L' GF-7DSM And S is GF-7DSM Water level-area relationship model.
S5, constructing a remote sensing monitoring model of the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation, namely constructing a model 3;
based on the modified GF-7DSM water level-area relation model f'1 and the ICEsat-2/GF-1/6 water level area relation model f2 as supplement, a ground-free observation lake water level-area-water storage relation model based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multisource satellite cooperation is constructed.
Wherein: f (L) is a ground-free observation lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multi-source satellite cooperation. And constructing a surface-free observation lake and reservoir water level-area-water storage amount lookup table by using the formula (8) and the formula (9).
S6, remote sensing monitoring for water storage space-time change of non-ground observation lake and reservoir
The water body area of the lake and the reservoir is dynamically monitored by utilizing GF-1/6WFV, the water body area of the lake and the reservoir is used as input, and the water level-area-water storage amount lookup table of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is utilized to dynamically acquire the water storage amount change of the lake and the reservoir, so that the remote sensing monitoring of the water storage amount space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is realized.
The invention has the advantages that:
aiming at the advantages and disadvantages of the construction method of the 2 types of lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring models based on the terrain data and the height measurement water level-remote sensing water body area, the method for remotely sensing the change of the lake and reservoir water storage space time based on the cooperation of the multi-source satellites is provided, a new generation of domestic high-resolution seven-size three-dimensional mapping satellite, high-resolution one/six-size satellite and height measurement satellite are combined to construct a non-ground observation lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model, the complementary advantages of the construction method of the 2 types of lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring models based on the terrain data and the height measurement water level-remote sensing water body area are realized, the remote sensing monitoring range and the monitoring precision of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir water storage space time change monitoring capability are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic calculation method of the water body area of the lake and reservoir based on DSM and space constraint vectors in the S2 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example of a model of the water level-area-reservoir capacity relationship for a Liu isthmus reservoir constructed based on GF-7 DSM;
FIG. 4 is a model of the relationship between water level, area and reservoir capacity of the Liujia isthmus reservoir constructed based on ICEsat-2 high water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the water level discontinuity problem between the GF-7DSM water level-area relationship model and the ICEsat-2/GF-1/6 water level-area relationship model of the embodiment;
FIG. 6a is an example of a discontinuity model of an embodiment;
FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the correction effect of the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the accuracy evaluation results of the water level-area-reservoir capacity relationship model of the Liu home reservoir of the embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the results of monitoring changes in water storage capacity of the 2018-2022 Liujia reservoir of an example;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it being apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out remote sensing monitoring on the topography of the lake and reservoir without ground observation based on GF-7DLC images to obtain DSM topography data of the lake and reservoir
The method is characterized in that a sub-m-level double-linear-array three-dimensional imaging satellite, namely a high-resolution seventh satellite, which is independently researched and developed in China, is carried on a Taiyuan satellite launching center to launch a carrier rocket of the fourth generation, and is formally put into use in 8 months and 20 days in 2020 after trial operation in nearly two years. The high-resolution seven-satellite adopts a main and passive composite surveying system of three-dimensional surveying and mapping combined with laser altimetry by a double-line array camera for the first time, is provided with a domestic first-set long-focal-length, large-caliber and distortion-free double-line array surveying camera, a first-set star map fusion star sensitive period, a first-set satellite-to-ground full-wave body system laser altimeter and a first-set satellite-borne variable coding modulator, and can provide a front-view image with the breadth of 20km and the resolution of better than 0.8m, a rear-view image with the resolution of better than 0.65m and a rear-view multispectral image with the resolution of better than 2.6 m. In the GF-7 satellite operation process, push-broom imaging of the ground is completed by utilizing Double-Line cameras (Double-Line cameras), 2 Double-Line aerial belt images which have a certain visual angle and are mutually overlapped are formed, and three-dimensional images can be generated by carrying out point cloud matching on full-color images of the two cameras, so that a high-precision topographic data DSM product is obtained.
Acquiring a cloud-free GF-7DLCL1A grade product of a covered ground-free observation lake and reservoir from a land observation satellite data service website of a Chinese resource satellite application center, if a multi-period GF-7DLCL1A product exists, overlapping images, selecting a scene GF-7DLCL1A product with the minimum water area range, and processing the GF-7DLC L1A product by using an ENVI5.6 software RPC Orthorectification Using DSM from Dense Image Matching tool to generate a 1m spatial resolution DSM and a 0.5m full-color image; generating or drawing a lake buffer area vector, and clipping by using the buffer area vector.
Optionally, the lake buffer zone can be drawn according to the space geometrical characteristics of the lake based on GF-7.5 m full-color images; or directly utilizing Arcgis to generate a buffer area through the lake and reservoir water vector, wherein the total area of the buffer area is 1-2 times of the area of the lake and reservoir.
According to the embodiment, the Liujia gorge reservoir is selected to display a multi-source satellite-cooperation-based lake and reservoir water storage space-time change remote sensing monitoring method, and the Liujia gorge reservoir is provided with a water level reservoir capacity curve, so that the technical effect of the invention can be verified. Because the water area is a plane and the texture characteristics are not obvious, the effective stereo opposition is difficult to generate, the GF-7DSM obtains the height abnormality of the lake and reservoir water body, and the Liu household isthmus reservoir is masked by the lake and reservoir water body vector.
S2, constructing a DSM-based ground observation-free lake and reservoir water level-water body area-water storage capacity relation model (model 1)
Based on the ground-free observation of the reservoir DSM, at the lowest water level L 0 As the water level starting point, at the highest water level L max As an end point, a water level interval DeltaL is set to obtain L 0 -L max A water level-water body area-water storage amount relation model (model 1) in the water level range.
S GF-7DSM ＝f1(L GF-7DSM )，L GF-7DSM ＞L 0 (1)
Wherein: l (L) 0 Lake and reservoir water levels when imaging GF-7; l (L) GF-7DSM For lake and reservoir water level change obtained by GF-7DSM, setting the water level change interval as delta L, then L GF-7DSM ＝L 0 +kΔL,k＝1,2,...,floor((L max -L 0 ) Δl), floor is a downward rounding function; s is S GF-7DSM For obtaining lake and reservoir water level L based on GF-7DSM GF-7DSM The corresponding equal-altitude area, namely the water body area; f1 is a lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-7 DSM; v is L 0 -L GF-7DSM And the water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir in the water level range.
To ensure the lake and reservoir water level L obtained based on GF-7DSM GF-7DSM Corresponding contour area S GF-7DSM For the water body area, gao Chengxiao in L outside the lake range and in the lake buffer zone needs to be removed GF-7DSM Is used for estimating the interference of the land pixels on the water body area. The invention adopts an automatic calculation method for the lake and reservoir water body area based on DSM and space constraint vector, and the specific thinking is that Gao Cheng L is extracted based on the lake and reservoir buffer zone GF-7DSM GF-7DSM The pixel of (2) is converted into a contour vector, the contour vector and the constraint vector are subjected to intersection operation, and the contour vector intersected with the constraint vector is reserved as a lake reservoir water level L GF-7DSM The water body area vector is shown in figure 2. FIG. 3 is a model of the water level-area-reservoir capacity relationship for Liu Jiaisthmus reservoirs constructed based on GF-7 DSM.
S3, constructing a model (model 2) of the relationship between the water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir and the water area of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir based on the height measurement satellite and the remote sensing water area
S31, acquiring time sequence water level of non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using ICESat-2 height measurement satellite
ICESat-2 (The Ice, cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2) is a world first photon counting laser radar altimetric satellite, can obtain high-precision laser foot points covering The world, and is beneficial to improving The uncontrolled positioning precision of satellite optical images. The ICESat-2 satellite loading instrument is an advanced terrain laser measurementThe high instrument system (Advanced Topography Laser Altimeter System, ATLAS) is provided with a global positioning system antenna and a dual-frequency receiver, can continuously operate to provide high-resolution and high-precision earth surface observation results, is divided into 6 groups by two, has an interval of about 90m in the group, has a ground footprint diameter of only 17m and an interval of only 70cm along the track direction, and has wide prospects in scientific research and practical production application in the fields of polar ice cover and sea ice measurement, vegetation crown height measurement, land elevation measurement and the like. The ICESat-2ATL13 data is a three-level (L3A) product of the ICESat-2 satellite family of products that provides on-orbit inland surface water information (Along Track Inland Surface Water Data), including on-orbit surface water height, slope and roughness of each laser beam, as well as aspect ratio and maximum slope of planar surfaces between adjacent intense beams, and the like. Downloading ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products from an ice and snow data center of the United states, screening ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement data by using a water vector of a non-ground observation lake and reservoir, and acquiring time sequence data L of the water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using an ICEsat-2ATL13 laser point measurement high water level mean value in the water area range of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir as the average water level of the lake and reservoir and using different-phase ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products if the non-ground observation lake and reservoir has ICEsat-2 height measurement data ICEsat-2 。
S32, acquiring water body area time sequence data of non-ground observation lakes and reservoirs by utilizing GF-1/6 optical satellites
GF-1 satellite was successfully launched into orbit at the spa satellite launch site by the long-term satellite No. Ding Yunzai rocket in month 4 of 2013, the breadth of 2m resolution panchromatic (Pan) and 8m resolution multispectral (PMS) cameras carried by the satellite could reach 60 km, the breadth of 4 16m resolution multispectral cameras (WFV) could reach 800km, and the earth observation capability was greatly improved. The GF-1 satellite remote sensing image comprises 4 wave bands of blue wave band, green wave band, red wave band and near infrared wave band, wherein the combined revisit time of the GF-1 satellite 4 WFV camera is 4 days, and repeated observation can be carried out on the same place in a short time. The high-resolution six-satellite is a high-resolution optical satellite which has high flexibility and can give consideration to general investigation and detailed investigation in a high-resolution earth observation special space-based system, 13 parts of the satellite are launched and lifted off in a Chinese spring satellite launching center in 2 days of 6 months of 2018 and 12 days of 3 months of 21 days of 2019, and the satellite is provided with a 2m full color (Pan)/8 m multispectral (PMS) high-resolution camera and a 16m multispectral medium-resolution wide-range camera (WFV), and the observation breadth ranges of the satellite are 90km and 800km respectively. The GF-6WFV image of the data used by the research keeps 4 wave bands in the visible light and near infrared range, the ultraviolet wave band, huang Boduan, the red side wave band 1 and the red side wave band 2 are newly added, 8 wave bands are total, and the GF-6 and GF-1 satellite networking has the global 16m space resolution 4-day repeated observation capability.
Acquiring ground-free observation lake and reservoir GF-1/6WFV images from a Chinese resource satellite application center land observation satellite data service website, respectively performing orthographic correction, radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction and image clipping to obtain ground-free observation lake and reservoir GF-1/6WFV remote sensing reflectivity images, and acquiring ground-free observation lake and reservoir water area time sequence data S by using an object-oriented and bimodal threshold-based lake and reservoir water area automatic extraction method GF-1/6 。
S33, constructing a model (model 2) of water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir without ground observation by using ICEsat-2 to measure water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area
ICEsat-2 laser height water level time sequence data L based on ground-free observation of lake and reservoir ICEsat-2 And GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area time sequence data S GF-1/6 And obtaining an ICEsat-2 high water level-GF-1/6 remote sensing water area sample of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir through date matching, and constructing a water level-water area-water storage capacity relation model (model 2).
Wherein: s is S GF-1/6 For observing the lake and reservoir GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area without ground, km 2 ；L ICEsat-2 Measuring the height of water level, m, for the ICESat-2 of the lake reservoir; f2 is based on the measured water level and remote sensingA lake-reservoir water level-area relationship model of the water body area;andthe minimum height water level and the maximum height water level of the ICEsat-2 in the lake and the reservoir are respectively; v is the lake or reservoir->Water storage capacity in water level range, million m 3 。
FIG. 4 is a model of the Liujia isthmus reservoir water level-area-water storage relationship constructed based on ICEsat-2 high water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area.
S4, constructing model 1 and model 2 water level discontinuous correction models
GF-7DSM can accurately obtain the topography change of the lake and reservoir, but has limited absolute accuracy, resulting in a water level-area discontinuity phenomenon when model 1 and model 2 are combined, and as shown in fig. 5, a water level discontinuity correction model is constructed based on the water level-area relationship obtained by model 1 and model 2. The construction steps of the water level interruption correction model are as follows:
s41, obtaining a water level L by obtaining GF-7DSM under the same water body area through water body area matching based on a water level-area relation model (formula (1) and formula (3)) obtained by the model 1 and the model 2 GF-7DSM And ICESat-2 height measuring water level L ICEsat-2 L-based construction using linear fitting ICEsat-2 L of (2) GF-7DSM The water level correction equation is shown in fig. 6 a.
L ICEsat-2 ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (5)
S42, correcting the GF-7DSM water level by using the formula (5), reconstructing a water level-area relation model, and eliminating the interruption problem of the water level-area relation between the model 1 and the model 2, as shown in fig. 6b.
L' GF-7DSM ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (6)
S GF-7DSM ＝f′1(L′ GF-7DSM ) (7)
Wherein: l'. GF-7DSM To be corrected afterGF-7DSM water level, m; f '1 is L' GF-7DSM And S is GF-7DSM Water level-area relationship model.
S5, constructing a ground-free observation lake and reservoir water storage remote sensing monitoring model (model 3) based on multi-source satellite cooperation
Based on the modified GF-7DSM water level-area relation model f'1 and the ICEsat-2/GF-1/6 water level area relation model f2 as supplement, a ground-free observation lake water level-area-water storage relation model (model 3) based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multisource satellite cooperation is constructed.
Wherein: f (L) is a ground-free observation lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multi-source satellite cooperation.
The water level-area-water storage amount lookup table of the ground-free observation lake and reservoir is constructed by using the formula (8) and the formula (9), namely the table 1, and the precision of the water level-area-water storage amount relation model of the Liujia reservoir, which is constructed based on the cooperation of GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multisource satellites, is tested by using the water level-area-reservoir capacity curve of the Liujia reservoir, and the average absolute percentage error is 2.24%, as shown in the figure 7.
TABLE 1
S6, remotely sensing and monitoring water storage capacity space-time change of non-ground observation lake and reservoir
The water body area of the lake and the reservoir is dynamically monitored by utilizing GF-1/6WFV, the water body area of the lake and the reservoir is used as input, and the water level-area-water storage amount lookup table of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is utilized to dynamically acquire the water storage amount change of the lake and the reservoir, so that the remote sensing monitoring of the water storage amount space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is realized. Fig. 8 is a graph of the water storage capacity change of the Liujia reservoir, which is obtained based on a multi-source satellite cooperative construction Liujia reservoir water storage capacity change monitoring model and 2020-2022 Liujia reservoir water body area dynamic monitoring results.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily suggested by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention shall therefore be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and the reservoir based on the cooperation of the multi-source satellites is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out remote sensing monitoring on the topography of a lake and reservoir without ground observation based on GF-7DLC images to obtain DSM topography data of the lake and reservoir;
s2, constructing a model 1, namely constructing a model based on a relationship model of water level, water body area and water storage capacity of the DSM (model building) of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir;
s3, constructing a model 2 based on a relationship model of water level, water area and water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir of the height measurement satellite and the remote sensing water area;
s4, constructing a model 1 and a model 2 water level discontinuous correction model;
s5, constructing a remote sensing monitoring model of the water storage capacity of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation, namely constructing a model 3;
s6, the method is used for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir.
2. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on the multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of S1 is as follows:
acquiring a cloud-free GF-7DLCl1A grade product of a covered non-ground observation lake and reservoir from a land observation satellite data service website of a Chinese resource satellite application center, if a multi-period GF-7DLCl1A product exists, superposing images, selecting a scene GF-7DLCl1A product with the minimum water area range, and processing the GF-7DLC L1A product by using an ENVI5.6 software RPC Orthorectification Using DSM from Dense Image Matching tool to generate a 1m spatial resolution DSM and a 0.5m full-color image; generating or drawing a lake buffer area vector, and utilizing the buffer area vector to cut and acquire the DSM topographic data of the lake and the reservoir.
3. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on the multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of S2 is as follows:
based on DSM topographic data of the lake and reservoir, with the lowest water level L 0 As the water level starting point, at the highest water level L max As an end point, a water level interval DeltaL is set to obtain L 0 -L max A water level-water body area-water storage capacity relation model in a water level range, namely a model 1:
S GF-7 DSM ＝f1(L GF-7 DSM )，L GF-7 DSM ＞L 0 (1)
wherein: l (L) 0 Lake and reservoir water levels when imaging GF-7; l (L) GF-7 DSM For lake and reservoir water level change obtained by GF-7DSM, setting the water level change interval as delta L, then L GF-7 DSM ＝L 0 +kΔL,k＝1,2,…,floor((L max -L 0 ) Δl), floor is a downward rounding function; s is S GF-7 DSM For obtaining lake and reservoir water level L based on GF-7DSM GF-7 DSM The corresponding equal-altitude area, namely the water body area; f1 is a lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-7 DSM; v is L 0 -L GF-7 DSM And the water storage capacity of the lake and reservoir in the water level range.
4. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage capacity space-time change of a lake and reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 3, wherein in S2, in order to ensure the water level L of the lake and reservoir obtained based on GF-7DSM GF-7 DSM Corresponding contour area S GF-7 DSM For the water body area, gao Chengxiao in L outside the lake range and in the lake buffer zone is removed GF-7 DSM The interference of land pixels on water body area estimation adopts a lake and reservoir water body area automatic calculation method based on DSM and space constraint vectors: gao Cheng L based on lake and reservoir buffer GF-7DSM extraction GF-7 DSM The pixel of (2) is converted into a contour vector, the contour vector and the constraint vector are subjected to intersection operation, and the contour vector intersected with the constraint vector is reserved as a lake reservoir water level L GF-7 DSM Water body area vector.
5. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage capacity space-time change of a lake or reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, acquiring a time sequence water level of a non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using an ICESat-2 height measurement satellite;
s32, acquiring water body area time sequence data of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir by utilizing the GF-1/6 optical satellite;
s33, constructing a model 2 by using ICEsat-2 to measure the water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area.
6. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the water storage capacity space-time change of a lake or reservoir based on multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, acquiring time sequence water level of non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using ICESat-2 height measurement satellite
Downloading ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products from an ice and snow data center of the United states, screening ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement data by using a water vector of a non-ground observation lake and reservoir, and acquiring time sequence data L of the water level of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir by using an ICEsat-2ATL13 laser point measurement high water level mean value in the water area range of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir as the average water level of the lake and reservoir and using different-phase ICEsat-2ATL13 laser height measurement products if the non-ground observation lake and reservoir has ICEsat-2 height measurement data ICEsat-2 ；
S32, acquiring water body area time sequence data of non-ground observation lakes and reservoirs by utilizing GF-1/6 optical satellites
Acquiring non-ground observation lake and reservoir from land observation satellite data service website of Chinese resource satellite application centerPerforming orthographic correction, radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction on the GF-1/6WFV image respectively to obtain a ground-free observation lake and reservoir GF-1/6WFV remote sensing reflectivity image, and acquiring ground-free observation lake and reservoir water body area time sequence data S by using an object-oriented and bimodal threshold-based lake and reservoir water body area automatic extraction method GF-1/6 ；
S33, constructing a model 2 by using ICEsat-2 to measure the height water level and GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area; ICEsat-2 laser height water level time sequence data L based on ground-free observation of lake and reservoir ICEsat-2 And GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area time sequence data S GF-1/6 Acquiring a water level-water area relation model, namely model 2, of an ICEsat-2 high water level-GF-1/6 remote sensing water area sample of a non-ground observation lake and reservoir through date matching:
wherein: s is S GF-1/6 For observing the lake and reservoir GF-1/6 remote sensing water body area without ground, km 2 ；L ICEsat-2 Measuring the height of water level, m, for the ICESat-2 of the lake reservoir; f2 is a lake and reservoir water level-area relation model based on the height measurement water level and the remote sensing water area;and->The minimum height water level and the maximum height water level of the ICEsat-2 in the lake and the reservoir are respectively; v is the lake or reservoir->Water storage capacity in water level range, million m 3 。
7. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on the multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 6, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
s41, obtaining a water level L by obtaining GF-7DSM under the same water body area through water body area matching based on a water level-area relation model obtained by the model 1 and the model 2, namely the formula (1) and the formula (3) GF-7 DSM And ICESat-2 height measuring water level L ICEsat-2 L-based construction using linear fitting ICEsat-2 L of (2) GF-7 DSM Water level correction equation:
L ICEsat-2 ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (5)
s42, correcting the GF-7DSM water level by using the formula (5), reconstructing a water level-area relation model, and eliminating the intermittent problem of the water level-area relation of the model 1 and the model 2;
L' GF-7DSM ＝k·L GF-7 DSM +b (6)
S GF-7DSM ＝f′1(L′ GF-7DSM ) (7)
wherein: l'. GF-7DSM M is the modified GF-7DSM water level; f '1 is L' GF-7DSM And S is GF-7DSM Water level-area relationship model.
8. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on the multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 7, wherein the specific method of S5 is as follows:
based on the modified GF-7DSM water level-area relation model f'1 and the ICEsat-2/GF-1/6 water level area relation model f2 as supplement, constructing a ground-free observation lake water level-area-water storage relation model based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multisource satellite cooperation:
wherein: f (L) is a ground-free observation lake and reservoir water level-area relation model constructed based on GF-1/6/7/ICEsat-2 multisource satellite cooperation; and constructing a surface-free observation lake and reservoir water level-area-water storage amount lookup table by using the formula (8) and the formula (9).
9. The remote sensing monitoring method for the water storage capacity space-time change of the lake and reservoir based on the multi-source satellite cooperation according to claim 1, wherein the specific method of S6 is as follows:
the water body area of the lake and the reservoir is dynamically monitored by utilizing GF-1/6WFV, the water body area of the lake and the reservoir is used as input, and the water level-area-water storage amount lookup table of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is utilized to dynamically acquire the water storage amount change of the lake and the reservoir, so that the remote sensing monitoring of the water storage amount space-time change of the non-ground observation lake and reservoir is realized.
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| CN117367437A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
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| CN117253158A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2023-12-19 | 山东锋士信息技术有限公司 | Lake water storage amount estimation method based on remote sensing image and laser altimetry satellite data |
| CN117367437A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
| CN117367437B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-22 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
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