CN105781549A - Device and method for blasting rock by combining external air pressure and internal water bags - Google Patents
Device and method for blasting rock by combining external air pressure and internal water bags Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105781549A CN105781549A CN201610259726.6A CN201610259726A CN105781549A CN 105781549 A CN105781549 A CN 105781549A CN 201610259726 A CN201610259726 A CN 201610259726A CN 105781549 A CN105781549 A CN 105781549A
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- water pocket
- rock
- prebored hole
- prebored
- trachea
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for blasting rock by combining external air pressure and internal water bags with no explosives and low cost. The device comprises prebored holes and a high pressure gas cylinder, wherein the water bags are arranged in the prebored holes, the water bags are filled with liquid used for transferring pressure in a sealed manner, orifices of the prebored holes are sealed, the gas outlet of the high pressure gas cylinder is connected with the gas inlet end of a gas pipe, and the gas outlet end of the gas pipe extends into the prebored holes. The method comprises the following steps: 1) prebored holes are drilled on rock to be blasted; 2) the water bags are placed in the prebored holes, filled with water, and then sealed; 3) the gas pipe extends into the prebored holes; 4) the prebored holes are sealed through fast hardening concrete; 5) valves on the gas pipe are opened, high pressure gas enters the prebored holes, the pressure of the high pressure gas acts on latex sleeves in the prebored holes, water columns in the latex sleeves generate high pressure, surrounding rock is instantly burst and broken, and then the rock is blasted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalase technical field, be specifically related to a kind of external pressure and combine the device and method of shot rock with internal water pocket.
Background technology
The breaking method of rock mainly includes hand breaking, Mechanical Crushing and explosion, and compared with first two method, explosion has the production efficiency advantage not without analogy.
Traditional rock blasting needs to use explosive, and explosive is the gas being produced High Temperature High Pressure by chemical reaction, and explosive blasting cost is low, efficiency is high, but also has some defects that cannot overcome: complicated construction technique；Noise and vibration is difficult to control；Produce toxic gas.Additionally, due to anti-terrorism, the situation is tense, and the use of explosive is controlled very tight by government, especially for densely populated urban district.
External coal mining is the gas explosion avoiding conventional explosives to cause, a kind of method using high pressure pneumatic component, the method makes gases at high pressure directly act on coal seam, owing to the pressure propagation speed of gas is far below liquid, adopt the method coal mining boulder yield high, just meet the needs of coal mining, contrary with coal mining, pledge excavation then requires that boulder yield is low, because large rock mass needs second-time breakage.Simultaneously because the compression-expansion of gas, for making coal bed drilling fully explode, need to provide significantly high initial gas pressure value (about 100MPa), currently mainly gasified by liquid CO 2 and realize, instrument material and operation routine are proposed significantly high requirement by this, and liquid CO 2 produces high with preservation cost.
Domestic in recent years also develop a kind of rock rupture method, claim quiet detonator method or soundless cracking method, the character of volumetric expansion when this method is to utilize two kinds of material generation chemical reactions, there is friction, noiseless, feature without harmful gas, but from powder charge to catalase, need long time (sometimes even needing the time of one day), and quiet detonator cannot reuse, therefore relatively costly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of without explosive, and a kind of external pressure with low cost combines the device and method of shot rock with internal water pocket.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of external pressure combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, including the prebored hole being arranged on rock to be blasted, the inside of described prebored hole is provided with water pocket, the water for transmitting pressure it is packaged with in described water pocket, the orifice sealing of described prebored hole, also including being positioned at for providing the gas cylinder of air pressure outside prebored hole, the gas outlet of described gas cylinder connects the inlet end of trachea, and the outlet side of described trachea is stretched in prebored hole.
In order to seal the water in water pocket, it is prevented that seepage, it is preferable that described water pocket adopts rubber finger sleeve, and the running-on of rubber finger sleeve is tightened.
In order to enable the outlet side of trachea to discharge gases at high pressure smoothly, it is preferable that leave air outlet space between described water pocket and the outlet side of trachea.
In order to control the opening of gas cylinder, stop the supple of gas or steam, and control exhaust velocity, blasting time, it is preferable that described trachea is provided with valve.
In order to, under the control of trachea valve, one or more prebored holes be carried out explosion simultaneously simultaneously, it is preferable that the corresponding multiple prebored holes of described gas cylinder, each prebored hole connects gas cylinder respectively through trachea.
In order to effectively seal the aperture of prebored hole and fixing trachea, it is prevented that during release gases at high pressure, trachea deviates from prebored hole, it is preferable that described prebored hole is sealed by fast hardening concrete.
Preferably, prebored hole is according to engineering construction needs, along arbitrarily angled setting.
A kind of method that external pressure combines shot rock with internal water pocket, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, holes on rock to be blasted, forms prebored hole；
Step 2, puts into prebored hole by water pocket, fills water in water pocket, then by water sac sealing；
Step 3, stretches into the trachea being connected with gas cylinder in prebored hole；
Step 4, is sealed prebored hole by fast hardening concrete；
Step 5, opens the valve on trachea, and gases at high pressure enter in prebored hole, are acted on by the pressure of gases at high pressure on the water pocket in prebored hole, and the water column in water pocket produces high pressure, by the rock moment spalling of surrounding, crushes, completes explosion.
Preferably, between step 4, step 5, gas cylinder aerating being depressed into design load, the air pressure design load of gas cylinder is chosen according to the hardness of rock.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, there is advantages that
1, gases at high pressure are stored by gas cylinder, abrupt release, and completely without explosive, quiet detonator, the source of gases at high pressure can adopt non-toxic inexpensive air, and blasting cost is low, and will not produce toxic gas, and meanwhile, vibration, noise are less, and efficiency is high.
2, water is by rubber finger sleeve load hole, it may be achieved the built-in water of lateral aperture, and can prevent water seepage；Owing to holing, interior space is filled with water, and enters in-borehole gas expansion rate only small, reduces the pressure loss；On the other hand, water is as the medium of transmission pressure, and its compressibility is low, and energy transfer efficiency is high, and can Transmit evenly pressure, thus in blasting process, making catalase comparatively uniform, fritter rate is high, inhibit slungshot simultaneously, reduce Dust Capacity, owing to burst pressure accurately can be controlled by gas cylinder, it is possible to vibrations explosion produced easily and noise control are in set point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of present invention when Fig. 1 is tunnel excavation；
Fig. 2 is that multiple prebored hole carries out the schematic diagram of present invention during explosion simultaneously；
The schematic diagram of present invention when Fig. 3 is slope excavating.
Accompanying drawing labelling
In accompanying drawing, 1 is rock to be blasted, and 2 is tunneling, and 3 is water pocket, and 4 is water, and 5 is prebored hole, and 6 is fast hardening concrete, and 8 is gas cylinder, and 9 is trachea, and 10 is valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, combine 3 kinds of preferred embodiments of the device of shot rock with internal water pocket for external pressure.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, rock blasting is carried out when this device is for tunnel excavation, including the prebored hole being arranged horizontally on rock to be blasted, the inside of described prebored hole is provided with water pocket, and described water pocket fills the space of more than 90% in prebored hole, the water for transmitting pressure it is packaged with in described water pocket, in the present embodiment, described water pocket adopts rubber finger sleeve, and the running-on of rubber finger sleeve is tightened.The orifice sealing of described prebored hole, in the present embodiment, described prebored hole is sealed by fast hardening concrete.Also include being positioned at outside prebored hole for providing the gas cylinder of air pressure, the gas outlet of described gas cylinder connects the inlet end of trachea, and the outlet side of described trachea is stretched in prebored hole, in the present embodiment, leaving air outlet space between described water pocket and the outlet side of trachea, described trachea is provided with valve.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 2,3 prebored holes being carried out explosion simultaneously, corresponding 3 prebored holes of described gas cylinder, each prebored hole connects gas cylinder respectively through trachea simultaneously.The other technologies feature of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, repeats no more.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, carrying out rock blasting when this device is for slope excavating, prebored hole is vertically arranged, and the other technologies feature of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, repeats no more.
A kind of method that external pressure combines shot rock with internal water pocket, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, holes on rock to be blasted, forms prebored hole；
Step 2, puts into prebored hole by water pocket, fills water in water pocket, then by water sac sealing；
Step 3, stretches into the trachea being connected with gas cylinder in prebored hole；
Step 4, is sealed prebored hole by fast hardening concrete；
Gas cylinder aerating is depressed into design load, and the air pressure design load of gas cylinder is chosen according to the hardness of rock, and in the present embodiment, gas cylinder aerating is depressed into 15-25MPa.
Step 5, opens the valve on trachea, and gases at high pressure enter in prebored hole, are acted on by the pressure of gases at high pressure on the water pocket in prebored hole, and the water column in water pocket produces high pressure, by the rock moment spalling of surrounding, crushes, completes explosion.
Rock-blasting method not only limits to and above-described embodiment, and gas cylinder can also before explosion, and aerating in advance is depressed into design load.
What finally illustrate is, preferred embodiment above is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but skilled artisan would appreciate that, in the form and details it can be made various change, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (9)
1. an external pressure combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, including the prebored hole being arranged on rock to be blasted, it is characterized in that: the inside of described prebored hole is provided with water pocket, the water for transmitting pressure it is packaged with in described water pocket, the orifice sealing of described prebored hole, also including being positioned at for providing the gas cylinder of air pressure outside prebored hole, the gas outlet of described gas cylinder connects the inlet end of trachea, and the outlet side of described trachea is stretched in prebored hole.
2. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: described water pocket adopts rubber finger sleeve, and the running-on of rubber finger sleeve is tightened.
3. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: leave air outlet space between described water pocket and the outlet side of trachea.
4. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: described trachea is provided with valve.
5. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: the corresponding multiple prebored holes of described gas cylinder, each prebored hole connects gas cylinder respectively through trachea.
6. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: described prebored hole is sealed by fast hardening concrete, for sealing the aperture of prebored hole and fixing trachea.
7. a kind of external pressure according to claim 1 combines the device of shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that: prebored hole is according to engineering construction needs, along arbitrarily angled setting.
8. the method that an external pressure combines shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, holes on rock to be blasted, forms prebored hole；
Step 2, puts into prebored hole by water pocket, fills water in water pocket, then by water sac sealing；
Step 3, stretches into the trachea being connected with gas cylinder in prebored hole；
Step 4, is sealed prebored hole by fast hardening concrete；
Step 5, opens the valve on trachea, and gases at high pressure enter in prebored hole, are acted on by the pressure of gases at high pressure on the water pocket in prebored hole, and the water column in water pocket produces high pressure, by the rock moment spalling of surrounding, crushes, completes explosion.
9. the method that a kind of external pressure according to claim 8 combines shot rock with internal water pocket, it is characterised in that between step 4, step 5, gas cylinder aerating being depressed into design load, the air pressure design load of gas cylinder is chosen according to the hardness of rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610259726.6A CN105781549B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of external pressure combines the device and method of shot rock with internal water pocket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610259726.6A CN105781549B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of external pressure combines the device and method of shot rock with internal water pocket |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105781549A true CN105781549A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN105781549B CN105781549B (en) | 2019-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610259726.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105781549B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of external pressure combines the device and method of shot rock with internal water pocket |
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| CN (1) | CN105781549B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106323109A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-01-11 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Longhole pressure-bearing blasting method of hard coal rock |
| CN108798669A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep hole loosens stress pre-released hydraulically integration blasting method and device |
| WO2019184148A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 山东科技大学 | Efficient water injection method for low-permeability coal seam |
| CN110644493A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 腾达建设集团股份有限公司 | Boulder excavation method and boulder excavation device |
| CN111908301A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-10 | 中南大学 | Underground ore lifting method |
| CN112024089A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-04 | 成都易合元科技有限公司 | Water hammer rock breaking system and method |
| CN113756803A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | Rock breaking method based on impact-resistant water-filled bag |
| CN114002000A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-01 | 中建华宸(海南)建设集团有限公司 | Mobile exploration device for deep sea |
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| FR2255574A1 (en) * | 1973-12-22 | 1975-07-18 | Linde Ag | Breaking up concrete or rock - by freezing water-filled boreholes with liq. nitrogen passed through immersed pipe coils |
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| CN205558909U (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 重庆科技学院 | Outside atmospheric pressure and inside water pocket jointly explode device of rock |
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2016
- 2016-04-25 CN CN201610259726.6A patent/CN105781549B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2255574A1 (en) * | 1973-12-22 | 1975-07-18 | Linde Ag | Breaking up concrete or rock - by freezing water-filled boreholes with liq. nitrogen passed through immersed pipe coils |
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| US6305752B1 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 2001-10-23 | Mcgowan Alan Colin | Pneumatic blasting device |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106323109A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-01-11 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Longhole pressure-bearing blasting method of hard coal rock |
| WO2019184148A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 山东科技大学 | Efficient water injection method for low-permeability coal seam |
| CN108798669A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-11-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep hole loosens stress pre-released hydraulically integration blasting method and device |
| CN110644493A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 腾达建设集团股份有限公司 | Boulder excavation method and boulder excavation device |
| CN111908301A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-10 | 中南大学 | Underground ore lifting method |
| CN111908301B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-03-30 | 中南大学 | Underground ore lifting method |
| CN112024089A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-04 | 成都易合元科技有限公司 | Water hammer rock breaking system and method |
| CN113756803A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | Rock breaking method based on impact-resistant water-filled bag |
| CN114002000A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-01 | 中建华宸(海南)建设集团有限公司 | Mobile exploration device for deep sea |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105781549B (en) | 2019-03-12 |
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