CN105780299A - Method for preparing super-molecular adsorption filtering net - Google Patents
Method for preparing super-molecular adsorption filtering net Download PDFInfo
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- CN105780299A CN105780299A CN201610342413.7A CN201610342413A CN105780299A CN 105780299 A CN105780299 A CN 105780299A CN 201610342413 A CN201610342413 A CN 201610342413A CN 105780299 A CN105780299 A CN 105780299A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/0023—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer melt
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D7/00—Collecting the newly-spun products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a super-molecular adsorption filtering net, and belongs to the technical field of sewage purification. The method comprises the following steps: by taking a hydrophobic polymer as an electrospinning polymer substrate and common gauze as a support material, attaching electrostatic spinning fiber to the surface of the gauze, and combining the common gauze with the electrostatic spinning fiber, thereby preparing the adsorption filtering net of a microcellular structure. The super-molecular adsorption filtering net is not only very good in permeability, but also good in aperture adjustability, large in specific surface area and good in adsorption property, and meanwhile as common plastic gauze is used as the support material, the mechanical strength of the filtering net can be improved, and thus the super-molecular adsorption filtering net can be used for adsorbing metallic ions, organic pollutants and the like in water bodies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sewage purification, be specifically related to the technology of preparing of absorption filter screen.
Background technology
All the time, the water resource environment of China all suffers from the crisis of sternness, and massive discharge of pollutant has more increased the weight of the present situation of water scarcity.Being reply China water resource anxiety present situation most effective way by the dirty water decontamination handles, although water treatment field still belongs to emerging industry in China, but its development at a high speed brings the hope of light to undoubtedly our environmental improvement.Efficient drainage screen equipment is possible not only to administer the water source being contaminated, moreover it is possible to it is effectively recycled, and is actually a comprehensive, efficient, energy-conservation filter plant.
The most important science and one of technical activity that nano-fiber material is world's materials science field in recent ten years is prepared by electrostatic spinning technique.Electrostatic spinning also manufactures the advantages such as device is simple, spinning is with low cost, it is various to spin substance classes, technique is controlled with it, it has also become effectively one of main path preparing nano-fiber material.Along with the development of nanotechnology, electrostatic spinning, as the New Processing of a kind of simple and effective produced nanofiber, will be played a great role in fields such as bio-medical material, filtration and protection, catalysis, the energy, photoelectricity, food engineering, cosmetics.Electrospun nano-fibers filtering material has significantly high specific surface area, porosity and permeability compared with the fiber filter material that these are traditional, it is easier to adsorbing separation fine particle, it is with a wide range of applications in the high performance filtering material field of preparation high accuracy, but Electrospun nano-fibers material still suffers from many problems, the shortcomings such as the mechanical strength such as material is not high, service life is short, machinability is not strong limit its engineer applied.
Supermolecule main block compound includes crown ether, cyclodextrin, calixarenes etc..Alkali and alkaline earth metal ions is had good identification ability by crown ether.Cyclodextrin has hydrophobic cavity, can efficiently identify and " seizure " is with organic guest molecule of hydrophobic group, and cyclodextrin synthesis is fairly simple, convenient, especially beta-schardinger dextrin-relative low price has potential application prospect in environmental pollution improvement.Calixarenes has hydrophobic cavity, and on it, lower edge can be modified further, it is possible to metal ion, organic molecule are carried out complexation and identification.Therefore, by compound doped for supermolecule main block enter in polymer, preparing surface by electrostatic spinning and have the nanofiber of supermolecule main block compound, the metal ion in water body, organic molecule can be adsorbed by the filter screen that this fiber is made, and can effectively remove the pollutant in water body.
Summary of the invention
The method that it is an object of the invention to propose to prepare the supermolecule absorption filter screen that a kind of aperture is little, adsorptivity is strong, mechanical strength is big.
Technical scheme is as follows:
1) prepare electrospun solution: under ultrasound condition, hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound are scattered in organic solvent, form homogeneous electrospun solution；
2) prepare supermolecule absorption filter screen: electrospun solution is carried out on electrostatic spinning machine spinning, with plastic gauze as receptor, makes electrospinning fibre be attached to plastic gauze surface, then through being heating and curing, obtain supermolecule absorption filter screen.
The present invention is with hydrophobic polymer for electric spinning polymer base material, using common gauze as backing material, common gauze mechanical strength is big, machinability is strong, electrospun fibers is attached to gauze surface, common gauze is combined with electrospun fibers and prepares the absorbent-type filter screen of microcellular structure, the shortcoming substantially overcoming bi-material.In product prepared by the inventive method, fiber is diametrically about the pore-size distribution of 50～10000nm supermolecule absorption filter screen, not only there is good permeability, also there is aperture controllability, its specific surface area is big, and adsorptivity is strong, simultaneously because using common plastics gauze is backing material, the advantages such as the mechanical strength of filter screen increases, machinability enhancing.Prepared supermolecule filter screen can be used for metal ion, organic pollution etc. in adsorbed water body.The method preparation technology is simple, and easy and simple to handle, preparation condition is easily-controllable, it is easy to industrialized production.To have broad application prospects in water pollution control.
Further, as can not simultaneously solvent polymerization thing and supermolecule main block compound, then affect electrostatic spinning process, it is impossible to formation nanofiber.Hydrophobic polymer of the present invention is polyacrylonitrile or polystyrene.These organic solvents simultaneously can solubilizing hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound simultaneously.
Described organic solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide or toluene.
Described supermolecule main block compound is crown ether, cyclodextrin or calixarenes.These three kinds of supermolecule main block compounds all can be doped in polymer fiber, utilizes three's recognition performance to different objects, can be respectively applied to adsorbing metal ions, organic molecule etc..
The doping of supermolecule main block compound directly affects the absorption property of absorption filter screen.Content is too low, and absorption property necessarily declines；But addition is excessive, then can not be dissolved in electrospinning liquid, it is impossible to form homogeneous phase solution, affect the formation of nanofiber.Therefore in this bright step 1), the mixing quality ratio of described hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound is 10: 1～3.
In step 1), the mixing quality ratio of the gross mass of described hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound and organic solvent is 1～4: 20.It is beneficial to the homogeneous electrospinning liquid of formation.
Step 2) in, during spinning, the syringe needle internal diameter of electrostatic spinning machine is 0.2～1mm；Syringe needle and the distance received between plate are 10～20cm；Voltage is 15～20kV；The flow of electrospun solution is 0.1～1mL/h.By above parameter, it is possible to regulate the diameter of nanofiber, with the pore size of filter membrane.
Step 2) in, the width of mesh of described plastic gauze is 0.1cm～0.5cm.Common plastics gauze has well acidproof, alkaline resistance properties, and the mechanical performance of gauze to be much better than direct electrospinning simultaneously, the nanofiltration membrane of gained.Additionally, plastic gauze can carry out cutting processing according to actual needs, provide convenience for successive projects application.
Step 2) in, described in the temperature that is heating and curing be 150 DEG C～300 DEG C.Adopt solidification process, be primarily to the adhesion increased between nanofiber and substrate filter screen, improve the adhesive force of nanofiber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the digital photograph of supermolecule absorption filter screen.
Fig. 2,3 respectively supermolecule absorbent-type filter screens scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph.
Fig. 4 is that crown ether type absorption filter screen is to Na+, K+, Cs+Adsorption effect figure.
Fig. 5 be cyclodextrin type absorption filter screen p-nitrophenyl the ultra-violet absorption spectrum of adsorbance relation in time.
The ultra-violet absorption spectrum that Fig. 6 is calixarene type absorption filter screen to the adsorbance of Congo red relation in time.
Detailed description of the invention:
One, preparation technology:
Embodiment 1:
1, weigh 0.75g polyacrylonitrile in conical flask clean for 50mL, add 12gN, dinethylformamide mix homogeneously ultrasonic dissolution, under room temperature, stir 10h, standby as mother solution.It is subsequently adding 0.1g18-crown-6, after ultrasonic dissolution is uniform, stirs 5h, obtain electrospun solution.
2, electrospun solution is carried out on electrostatic spinning machine electrostatic spinning, electrospinning conditions: syringe needle internal diameter, 0.67mm；Syringe needle to receive plate spacing 15cm；Receptor: common plastics gauze, barrel hole size 0.2cm；Voltage 15kV；Liquid inventory 0.1ml/h；Electrospinning time 15min, diameter is the electrospinning fibre of 50～10000nm at gauze surface appendix.
Surface attachment is had the plastic gauze of electrospinning fibre at 180 DEG C of 5h that are heating and curing, obtain supermolecule absorption filter screen.
Embodiment 2:
1, weigh 0.75g polyacrylonitrile in conical flask clean for 50mL, add 10gN, dinethylformamide mix homogeneously ultrasonic dissolution, under room temperature, stir 10h, standby as mother solution.It is subsequently adding 0.2g beta-schardinger dextrin-, after ultrasonic dissolution is uniform, stirs 5h, obtain electrospun solution.
2, electrospun solution is carried out on electrostatic spinning machine electrostatic spinning, electrospinning conditions: syringe needle internal diameter, 0.86mm；Syringe needle to receive plate spacing, 18cm；Receptor, common gauze, barrel hole size 0.1cm；Voltage, 17kV；Liquid inventory, 0.2mL/h；The electrospinning time, 10min, diameter is the electrospinning fibre of 50～10000nm at gauze surface appendix.
The plastic gauze that surface attachment has electrospinning fibre solidifies 3h under 200 DEG C of conditions, obtains supermolecule absorption filter screen.
Embodiment 3:
1, weigh 0.8g polystyrene in conical flask clean for 50mL, add 15g toluene mix homogeneously ultrasonic dissolution, under room temperature, stir 15h, standby as mother solution.It is subsequently adding 0.15g to tert-butyl-calix [8] aromatic hydrocarbons, after ultrasonic dissolution is uniform, stirs 5h, obtain electrospun solution.
2, electrospun solution is carried out on electrostatic spinning machine electrostatic spinning, electrospinning conditions: syringe needle internal diameter, 0.86mm；Syringe needle to receive plate spacing, 20cm；Receptor, common gauze, barrel hole size 0.5cm；Voltage, 20kV；Liquid inventory, 1mL/h；The electrospinning time, 20min, diameter is the electrospinning fibre of 50～10000nm at gauze surface appendix.
The plastic gauze that surface attachment has electrospinning fibre solidifies 3h under 250 DEG C of conditions, obtains supermolecule absorption filter screen.
In each example, common gauze is material above is the plastic gauze of polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon etc..
Two, verification the verifying results:
As it is shown in figure 1, the digital photograph of the supermolecule absorption filter screen made for above each example, as can be seen from Figure 1: the nanofiber on absorption filter screen sticks to gauze surface firmly, and absorbent-type filter screen is flexible material, can arbitrarily bend, it is possible to cutting, and machinability is strong.
As shown in Figure 2,3, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the supermolecule absorption filter screen that respectively above each example is made, from Fig. 2,3 it can be seen that nanofiber is fairly evenly attached on gauze, fibre diameter is about the pore-size distribution of 50-10000nm supermolecule absorption filter screen, has good permeability.
Three, application effect:
As shown in Figure 4, utilize crown ether type absorption filter screen that alkali metal ion carries out absorption research.Show that alkali metal ion is had good absorption property by crown ether type absorption filter screen.
As it is shown in figure 5, utilize cyclodextrin type absorption filter screen p-nitrophenyl to carry out absorption research, Nitrobenzol concentration in water body is decreased obviously.Show that the organic molecule containing phenyl ring is had good removal effect by cyclodextrin type absorption filter screen.
As shown in Figure 6, utilize calixarene type absorption filter screen that dyestuff Congo red carries out absorption research, it has been found that this absorption filter screen can well remove the Congo red in water body.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a supermolecule absorption filter screen, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1), under ultrasound condition, hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound are scattered in organic solvent, form homogeneous electrospun solution；
2) electrospun solution is carried out on electrostatic spinning machine spinning, with plastic gauze as receptor, make electrospinning fibre be attached to plastic gauze surface, then through being heating and curing, obtain supermolecule absorption filter screen.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, in described step 1), described hydrophobic polymer is polyacrylonitrile or polystyrene.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1), described organic solvent is DMF or toluene.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1), described supermolecule main block compound is crown ether, cyclodextrin or calixarenes.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1), the mixing quality ratio of described hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound is 10: 1～3.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step 1), the mixing quality ratio of the gross mass of described hydrophobic polymer and supermolecule main block compound and organic solvent is 1～4: 20.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in, during spinning, the syringe needle internal diameter of electrostatic spinning machine is 0.2～1mm；Syringe needle and the distance received between plate are 10～20cm；Voltage is 15～20kV；The flow of electrospun solution is 0.1～1mL/h.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in, the width of mesh of described plastic gauze is 0.1cm～0.5cm.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2) in, described in the temperature that is heating and curing be 150 DEG C～300 DEG C, 2～5 hours hardening times.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106757767A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 嘉兴德扬生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation and application of high intensity beta cyclodextrin/cellulose acetate composite nano-fiber membrane |
| CN109758924A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-05-17 | 浙江清创环保新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of supermolecule hollow-fibre membrane |
| CN110639943A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-03 | 河南省环境保护科学研究院 | Remediation method for organic matter contaminated soil |
| CN115305647A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-08 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing nanofiber composite flocculus from reclaimed materials |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106757767A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 嘉兴德扬生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation and application of high intensity beta cyclodextrin/cellulose acetate composite nano-fiber membrane |
| CN109758924A (en) * | 2019-03-16 | 2019-05-17 | 浙江清创环保新材料有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of supermolecule hollow-fibre membrane |
| CN110639943A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-03 | 河南省环境保护科学研究院 | Remediation method for organic matter contaminated soil |
| CN110639943B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-07-30 | 河南省环境保护科学研究院 | Remediation method for organic matter contaminated soil |
| CN115305647A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-08 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing nanofiber composite flocculus from reclaimed materials |
| CN115305647B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2024-05-03 | 西安工程大学 | Method for preparing nanofiber composite flocculus by using reclaimed materials |
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