CN1460534A - Nano fibre protective filtering material and its preparation method - Google Patents
Nano fibre protective filtering material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The nano fibre protective material is made into the form of a laminar structure, its middle layer is made of high-molecular nano fibre membrane material, the diameter of the nano fibre is 10 nano-3000 nano, and its external layer is respectively one layer or multilayer natural fibre or synthetic fibre or blended fabric on non-woven fabric, and the diameter of fibre is 1 micrometer-100 micrometers. Its preparation method includes the following steps: dissolving or dispersing one or several kinds of high-molecular materials in solvent to obtain transparent solution or mixture, dispersing additive into the above-mentioned solution or melting one or several kinds of high-molecular materials to obtain electric spinning material, then adding said electric spinning material into one or several storage tanks.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention is nanofiber protective materials and preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of protective materials preparation.
Two, background technology:
Protective materials can adopt natural fabric or synthetic textiles, can also adopt nonwoven fabric, the cotton yarn mouth mask is the material that modal protection particle etc. enters respiratory tract, medical mask nonwoven fabric commonly used is made, the diameter of fiber is about 20 microns, aperture between the fiber is bigger, and is not so good to fine grain filter effect.
Vest is often made by nonwoven fabric, and the aperture between the same fiber is bigger.A kind of protective materials is to sandwich plastic film material etc. in the fabric, gives heat-preserving function.The vest dress of being made by the gas-impermeable plastics thin-film material makes people's discomfort.
In mouth mask, add the active carbon interlayer and can improve the short grained effect of obstruct, but relatively poor to intercepting aerocolloidal effect.
Another kind of protective materials is to add bactericidal additive etc. in the fabric, gives functions such as protective materials sterilization.
Another protective materials is to add counter infrared ray radiation agent and anti-ultraviolet radiation agent agent etc. in the fabric, gives the protective materials specific function.
Above-mentioned protective materials or employing general fibre material, fibre diameter is thicker.To intercepting superfine particle or aerocolloidal effect is relatively poor.
So it is little to be necessary to develop a fiber material diameter, can effectively intercept superfine particle or aerocolloidal protective materials.
Three, summary of the invention:
1, technical problem
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intensity height, and nanofiber protective materials that permeability good good and preparation method thereof to the gentle colloidal sol barrier property of superfine particle.
2, technical scheme
Nanofiber protection filtering material of the present invention and preparation method thereof.This material is a layer structure, the intermediate layer is the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material, nanofiber diameter is 10 nanometers-3000 nanometers, and skin is respectively the braided fabric or the nonwoven fabric of one or more layers natural fabric or synthetic fiber or both blend fibres, and fibre diameter is 1 micron-100 microns.
Intermediate layer high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material can be made of two-layer or multilayer, the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 10 nanometers-1000 nanometers, and the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 300 nanometers-3000 nanometers.Outer outstanding respectively one or more layers natural fabric or synthetic fiber or both blend fibres, fibre diameter is 1 micron-100 microns.
The intermediate layer macromolecular material is one or more in the following material: polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyethers, halogenated polymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic, polyimides, polyphenylene oxide, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD), poly-M-phthalic acid m-phenylene diamine (MPD), polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, Lauxite.Or poly--L-lactic acid, poly--(D, L)-and lactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, poly-butyrolactone, poly-valerolactone, poly-acid anhydrides, polyamino acid, in shitosan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, collagen, carrageenan, alginic acid, gelatin, glucan, fibrin, the silk-fibroin.Or above-mentioned two or more blend.Or the copolymer of following at least two kinds of monomers: L-lactic acid, D, L-lactic acid, glycolic acid, caprolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone.
Outer layer fiber is a cotton fiber, flax fibre, cocoon fiber, azelon, chitin fiber.Or polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyamide fiber, the polyethers fiber, polyacrylonitrile fibre, polyvinyl acetate fibers, vinal, vinylon, polyimide fiber, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD) fiber, poly-M-phthalic acid valve phenylenediamine fiber, polyphenylether fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, acid fiber by polylactic, or various copolymer fibre.
The nanofiber protective materials also contains one or more following additives: magnetic material, conductive material, antibiotic, antiseptic, bactericide, essence, spices, additive level is less than 10%.
The preparation method of nanofiber protective materials is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, join then in one or more storage tanks, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit.Injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 1 kilovolt~120 kilovolts.Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing.In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material.At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.The high voltage electric field that injector head connects is high pressure positive electric field, high pressure negative electric field or high-voltage alternating electric field.
A kind of preparation method of nanofiber protective materials is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, join then in one or more storage tanks, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit.Injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 3 kilovolts~120 kilovolts.Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing.In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the different two-layer or layer high molecule micro/nano fibrous membrane material of structure.At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
3, beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
(1) the present invention is to provide nanofiber protection filtering material and preparation method thereof.
(2) nanofiber filter protection material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof has the simple feature of processing technology.Adopt electrospinning technology to obtain the superfine fibre composite, process, obtain various protective materialss through the back.
(3) nanofiber protection filtering material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof adopts electrospinning technology to obtain superfine fibre, and is compound with the general fibre material, obtains various protective materialss, has higher intensity.
(4) nanofiber protection filtering material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof adopts electrospinning technology to obtain superfine fibre, and is compound with the general fibre material, obtains various protective materialss, and superfine particle or aerosol are had efficient barrier property.The nanofiber protective materials intercepts 0.3 micron aerocolloidal efficient and reaches more than 96%.
(5) nanofiber protection filtering material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, functional additives such as antiseptic are joined in the system adopt electrospinning technology to obtain superfine fibre, compound with the general fibre material, obtain various protective materialss, not only superfine particle or aerosol had efficient barrier property and good permeability, and has special function, as antibacterial functions etc.
(6) nanofiber protection filtering material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, adopt electrospinning technology to obtain the structure two-layer or multilayer superfine fibre film different by two or more shower nozzles with filter efficiency, compound with the general fibre material, obtain various high-barrier protective materialss, superfine particle or aerosol are had efficient barrier property.The nanofiber protective materials intercepts 0.3 micron aerocolloidal efficient and reaches more than 99%.
Four, the specific embodiment
Nanofiber protection filtering material of the present invention and preparation method thereof.This material is a layer structure, the intermediate layer is the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material, nanofiber diameter is 10 nanometers-3000 nanometers, and skin is respectively the braided fabric or the nonwoven fabric of one or more layers natural fabric or synthetic fiber or both blend fibres, and fibre diameter is 1 micron-100 microns.
Intermediate layer high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material can be made of two-layer or multilayer, the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 10 nanometers-1000 nanometers, and the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 300 nanometers-3000 nanometers.Skin is respectively one or more layers natural fabric or synthetic fiber or both blend fibres, and fibre diameter is 1 micron-100 microns.Nanofiber protection filtering material intercepts 0.3 micron aerocolloidal efficient and reaches more than 98%.
The intermediate layer macromolecular material is one or more in the following material: polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyethers, halogenated polymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic, polyimides, polyphenylene oxide, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD), poly-M-phthalic acid m-phenylene diamine (MPD), polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, Lauxite.Or poly--L-lactic acid, poly--(D, L)-and lactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, poly-butyrolactone, poly-valerolactone, poly-acid anhydrides, polyamino acid, in shitosan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, collagen, carrageenan, alginic acid, gelatin, glucan, fibrin, the silk-fibroin.Or above-mentioned two or more blend.Or the copolymer of following at least two kinds of monomers: L-lactic acid, D, L-lactic acid, glycolic acid, caprolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone.
Outer layer fiber is a cotton fiber, flax fibre, cocoon fiber, azelon, chitin fiber.Or polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyamide fiber, the polyethers fiber, polyacrylonitrile fibre, polyvinyl acetate fibers, vinal, vinylon, polyimide fiber, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD) fiber, poly-M-phthalic acid m-phenylene diamine (MPD) fiber, polyphenylether fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, acid fiber by polylactic, or various copolymer fibre.
The nanofiber protective materials also contains one or more following additives: magnetic material, conductive material, antibiotic, antiseptic, bactericide, essence, spices, additive level is less than 10%.
The preparation method of nanofiber protective materials is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, add in the storage tank then, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 1 kilovolt~120 kilovolts.Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing.In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material.At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.What be connected with one or more injector heads is single electrospinning mixture or multiple electrospinning mixture.The high voltage electric field that injector head connects is the high pressure positive electric field, high pressure negative electric field, high-voltage alternating electric field.
A kind of preparation method of nanofiber protective materials is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, join then in one or more storage tanks, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit.Injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 1 kilovolt~120 kilovolts.Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing.In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the different two-layer or layer high molecule micro/nano fibrous membrane material of structure.At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
Nanofiber protective materials proposed by the invention can be used for protective mask, vest, and the protection tent can also be used for filtering material such as air conditioner filter etc.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: macromolecular material can adopt poly--L-lactic acid, poly--(D, L)-and the copolymer of a kind of or following at least two kinds of monomers in lactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, poly-butyrolactone, the poly-valerolactone: L-lactic acid, (D, L)-lactic acid, glycolic acid, caprolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone, or their blend.
For example, 1 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is about 130,000 poly (l-lactic acid) and is dissolved in the 10ml acetone, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), stirred 24 hours, add then in the storage tank 1.Again 1 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is about 130,000 poly (l-lactic acid) and is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), stirred 24 hours, add then in the storage tank 2.Storage tank 1 is connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, receiving thing is nylon fiber cloth, nylon fiber cloth below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, and distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage is 10 kilovolts, carries out electrospinning, obtains micro/nano fibrous membrane material.Storage tank 2 is connected to another injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, receiving thing is top micro/nano fibrous membrane material, distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, and solution flow rate 1ml/h, voltage are 10 kilovolts, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer fiber film material,, obtain product at upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth.This material is 99.9999% to the rejection rate of 300 nano particles.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: macromolecule can be a polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, poly-to the dibenzoic acid butanediol ester, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Merlon, polyamide, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 1010, NYLON610, polyethers, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, poly-halogenated hydrocarbons, polystyrene, polymethylstyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyacrylate, polymethylacrylic acid, polymethacrylates, poly-methyl acrylate, polyimides, polyphenylene oxide, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD).
For example, 2 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 20ml formic acid, are made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, and receiving thing is the polyester fiber net, and fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, distance is controlled at about 6cm between injector head and reception thing, and solution flow rate 3ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain one deck nylon 6/nanometer tunica fibrosa.Again 2 gram polystyrene are dissolved in the 20ml acetone, be made into the solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, receiving thing is above-mentioned nylon 6/nanometer tunica fibrosa, and solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa.At upper strata stack one deck polyester fiber net, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.Embodiment 3
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: the polyoxyethylene heating and melting becomes melt, be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, receiving thing is the polyester fiber net, fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, and distance is controlled at about 10cm between injector head and reception thing, voltage is about 15kv, carries out electrospinning.Obtain the polyoxyethylene nano fibrous membrane.Again 1 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is about 130,000 poly (l-lactic acid) and is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), stirred 24 hours, add in the storage tank then, be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, and receiving thing is above-mentioned polyoxyethylene nanofiber, solution flow rate 1ml/h, voltage is 10 kilovolts, carries out electrospinning, obtains the double-layer nanometer fiber film material, at upper strata stack one deck polyester fiber net, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: 2 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 20ml formic acid, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain nano fibrous membrane.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber net, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.Embodiment 5
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: 5 gram polystyrene are dissolved in 50 milliliters of acetone, be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, distance is controlled at about 6cm between injector head and reception thing, and receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, voltage is about 10kv, carries out electrospinning, obtains the pipe/polyhenylethylene nano tunica fibrosa.5 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 50ml formic acid, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, receiving thing is above-mentioned pipe/polyhenylethylene nano fiber, and solution flow rate 3ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
The preparation of embodiment 6 nanofiber protective materialss: 5 gram polystyrene are dissolved in 50 milliliters of oxolanes, be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure negative electric field, distance is controlled at about 6cm between injector head and reception thing, and receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, voltage is about 10kv, carries out electrospinning, obtains the pipe/polyhenylethylene nano tunica fibrosa.5 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 50ml formic acid, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure negative electric field, receiving thing is above-mentioned pipe/polyhenylethylene nano fiber, and solution flow rate 3ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: 5 gram Merlon are dissolved in 30 milliliters of carrene, be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, distance is controlled at about 6cm between injector head and reception thing, and receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, voltage is about 10kv, carries out electrospinning, obtains the polycarbonate nano tunica fibrosa.5 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 50ml formic acid, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to 6 injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, receiving thing is above-mentioned pipe/polyhenylethylene nano fiber, and solution flow rate 3ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
Embodiment 8
With 0.5 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is that the polyoxyethylene of 130,000 poly (l-lactic acid)s and 0.5 gram-molecular weight 100,000 is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), mixture joins in the storage tank, and is connected to injector head with conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, and receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning.Obtain poly (l-lactic acid) and polyoxyethylene blend nano fibrous membrane.With 0.5 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is 100,000 poly-D, L-lactic acid is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), and be connected to injector head with conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, receiving thing is above-mentioned blend nano fibrous membrane, and solution flow rate 1ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth, obtain product.Embodiment 9
With 0.5 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is that the polyoxyethylene of 130,000 poly (l-lactic acid)s and 0.5 gram-molecular weight 100,000 is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), add the big enzyme element of 0.01 gram celebrating, mixture joins in the storage tank, and be connected to injector head with conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, fibroreticulate below is a copper mesh, copper mesh ground connection, solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage is about 10kv, carries out electrospinning.Obtain containing plain poly (l-lactic acid) of the big enzyme of celebrating and polyoxyethylene blend nano fibrous membrane.With 0.5 grammes per square metre average molecular weight is 100,000 poly-D, L-lactic acid is dissolved in the 10ml dimethyl formamide, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), and be connected to injector head with conduit, injector head connects the high pressure positive electric field, distance is controlled at about 5cm between injector head and reception thing, receiving thing is above-mentioned blend nano fibrous membrane, and solution flow rate 1ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain containing the double-layer nanometer tunica fibrosa of celebrating big enzyme element.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber cloth, obtain product.
Embodiment 10
The preparation of nanofiber protective materials: 2 gram nylon 6 are dissolved in the 20ml formic acid, be made into the Polymer Solution of 10% (mass fraction), be connected to injector head by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects the high-voltage alternating electric field, receiving thing is the nylon fiber net, and solution flow rate 6ml/h, voltage are about 10kv, carry out electrospinning, obtain nano fibrous membrane.At upper strata stack one deck nylon fiber net, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of nanofiber protection filtering material, it is characterized in that this material is a layer structure, the intermediate layer is the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material, nanofiber diameter is 10 nanometers-3000 nanometers, skin is respectively the braided fabric or the nonwoven fabric of one or more layers natural fabric or synthetic fiber or both blend fibres, and fibre diameter is 1 micron-100 microns.
2, nanofiber protection filtering material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that intermediate layer high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material is made of two-layer or multilayer, the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 10 nanometers-1000 nanometers, and the nanofiber diameter of at least one floor height molecule nano tunica fibrosa is 300 nanometers-3000 nanometers.
3, nanofiber protection filtering material according to claim 1 is characterized in that the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material is one or more in the following material: polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyethers, halogenated polymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic, polyimides, polyphenylene oxide, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD), poly-M-phthalic acid m-phenylene diamine (MPD), polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, Lauxite; Or poly--L-lactic acid, poly--(D, L)-lactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, poly-butyrolactone, poly-valerolactone, poly-acid anhydrides, polyamino acid, in shitosan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, collagen, carrageenan, alginic acid, gelatin, glucan, fibrin, the silk-fibroin; Or above-mentioned two or more blend; Or the copolymer of following at least two kinds of monomers: L-lactic acid, D, L-lactic acid, glycolic acid, caprolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone.
4, nanofiber protection filtering material according to claim 1 is characterized in that outer layer fiber is a cotton fiber, flax fibre, cocoon fiber, azelon, chitin fiber; Or polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyamide fiber, the polyethers fiber, polyacrylonitrile fibre, polyvinyl acetate fibers, vinal, vinylon, polyimide fiber, poly terephthalic acid p-phenylenediamine (PPD) fiber, poly-M-phthalic acid m-phenylene diamine (MPD) fiber, polyphenylether fibre, polyphenylene sulfide fibre, acid fiber by polylactic, or various copolymer fibre.
5, nanofiber protection filtering material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this protective materials also contains one or more following additives: magnetic material, conductive material, antibiotic, antiseptic, bactericide, essence, spices, additive level is less than 10%.
6, a kind of preparation method of nanofiber protection filtering material, it is characterized in that the preparation method is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, join then in one or more storage tanks, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit, injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 1 kilovolt~120 kilovolts; Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing; In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the high polymer nanometer fiber membrane material; At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
7, nanofiber protection filtering material preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the preparation method is: one or more macromolecular materials are dissolved in solvent or are scattered in and become clear solution or mixture in the solvent, additive is dispersed in the above-mentioned solution, or with one or more melt polymer materials, obtain the electrospinning raw material, join then in one or more storage tanks, be connected to two or more injector heads by syringe pump and conduit; Injector head connects high voltage electric field, and voltage is 1 kilovolt~120 kilovolts; Accepting part is one deck fibrous material, and places on conductive mesh or the plate conductive mesh or plate earthing; In electric field, carry out electrostatic spinning then, obtain the different two-layer or layer high molecule micro/nano fibrous membrane material of structure; At high polymer nanometer fiber laminar surface one or more layers common polymer fiber material that superposes, manufacturing procedure after cutting or heat treatment etc., or mix with additive, obtain the nanofiber protective materials.
8, nanofiber according to claim 6 protection filtering material preparation method, what it is characterized in that being connected with one or more injector heads is single electrospinning mixture or multiple electrospinning mixture.
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