CN105779505A - Method of utilizing rumen microbes to increase recycling rate of dry anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste - Google Patents

Method of utilizing rumen microbes to increase recycling rate of dry anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste Download PDF

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CN105779505A
CN105779505A CN201610282232.XA CN201610282232A CN105779505A CN 105779505 A CN105779505 A CN 105779505A CN 201610282232 A CN201610282232 A CN 201610282232A CN 105779505 A CN105779505 A CN 105779505A
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fermentation
dry
concentration
anaerobic fermentation
cellulose series
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杨凤林
李枞林
徐晓晨
靳文尧
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023Methane
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    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/36Adaptation or attenuation of cells
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2201/00Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P2203/00Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method of utilizing rumen microbes to increase recycling rate of dry anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste and belongs to the field of organic solid waste recycling. The method includes: utilizing ammoniation agents like biogas slurry to pretreat cellulose biomass; mixing the cellulose biomass after being pretreated with poultry-livestock breeding waste according to a C/N proportion of 20-30:1; adding a rumen microbial agent in the mixing process, adjusting pH to 6.5-7.5, and utilizing the characteristic that the rumen microbes are efficient in hydrolysis and can generate methanol. A substrate in the method is low in moisten content, so that the problem of absorption of the biogas slurry after fermentation is avoided; the substrate is pretreated, so that biodegradability of the cellulose biomass waste is improved; the rumen microbial agent domesticated and cultured in vitro is inoculated, so that degrading efficiency and gas generating efficiency of the substrate can be improved and fermentation period can be shortened; the biogas slurry after fermentation has good nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer effect, can directly serve as organic fertilizer and is simple in subsequent treatment.

Description

A kind of method utilizing rumen microorganism to improve dry-type anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste resource utilization rate
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic solid waste recycling treatment field, relate to one and utilize rumen microorganism external Domestication is cultivated, and carries out the integrated technology process of dry-type anaerobic fermentation as inoculation microbial inoculum.For cellulose Biolobic material and livestock culture garbage, carry out dry-type anaerobic fermentation, dissolves in elimination anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry and asks On the basis of topic, improve the fertilizer efficiency of dry fermentation gas producing efficiency and residues.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and current China straw annual production about 8-9 hundred million tons, comprehensive utilization ratio is relatively low, in a large number Residue straw heap abandon and arbitrarily burn, cause serious air ambient and pollute.It addition, China's agricultural is supported Growing industry to quickly grow, livestock culture garbage annual production about 38-40 hundred million tons, the livestock culture garbage that heap is abandoned is not Only easily cause underground water pollution, have an effect on the ecological environment of surrounding.China " 12 " plan in " rural environment is renovated in flakes " is listed in environmental conservation keypoint treatment project, and wherein straw from village, poultry are supported Grow the key task that garbage is Countryside Environment Rectification.It addition, Zhu Jianbudeng department release " about comprehensively The instruction of Promote rural waste control " in require to 13 end poultry garbages substantially realize effectively controlling Reason.
Anaerobic fermentation technology is a kind of can to realize the biomass such as straw, livestock culture waste's reclamation Method.With total solid concentration as boundary, anaerobic fermentation technology can be divided into wet type fermentation and dry fermentation.Dry type is detested Aerobe fermentation refers to that raw material total solid concentration, between 20%-40%, is carried out almost without under conditions of free water A kind of technique of anaerobic fermentation.The biogas that fermentation produces is a kind of clean energy resource, and residues biogas residue is permissible It is directly used as organic fertilizer or artificial substratum.Compared with wet type anaerobic fermentation technology, dry anaerobic digestion technology Having a lot of advantage: (1) raw material water requirement is low, conserves water, the biogas slurry produced after fermentation is less, without natural pond Liquid is dissolved problem;(2) residue after fermentation can be directly as fertilizer or soil conditioner;(3) volume Factor of created gase is high;(4) volume is little, and self energy consumption is low;(5) subsequent treatment is simple, takes up an area little, and cost is relatively low.
Dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology is high due to raw material solid concentration, and mass transfer effect is poor, utilizes cellulose family biological Matter is as fermentation substrate, and its hydrolytic process is relatively slow, limits the fermentation efficiency of entirety.It addition, dry type anaerobism The mesostate that fermentation produces easily accumulates, and produces a large amount of volatile fatty acids and ammonia at the fermentation initial stage, holds It is easily generated acid suppression and ammonia suppresses, cause the startup time longer, even occur starting failed situation, these It it is all the problem of conventional dry anaerobic fermentation technology existence.
The shortcoming that the present invention is directed to dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology, utilizes and has effectively hydrolyzing and methane phase performance Rumen microorganism, carries out external domestication and cultivates, be seeded in cellulose series biomass and fowl rumen microorganism Poultry breeding waste is in the middle of the dry type anaerobic fermentation system of substrate, optimizes systematic parameter, improves fermentation system Transformation efficiency, solve dry-type anaerobic fermentation and start the problems such as slow, efficiency is low, ferment and produce almost without biogas slurry Raw, biogas residue can directly act on organic fertilizer or soil conditioner.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems such as dry-type anaerobic fermentation efficiency is low, startup is slow.Provide one Planting first with aminating agents such as biogas slurries substrate pretreatment, the rumen microorganism after recycling domestication is as inoculation Microbial inoculum, the method improving dry-type anaerobic fermentation resource utilization rate.
Technical scheme:
A kind of side utilizing rumen microorganism to improve dry-type anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste resource utilization rate Method, step is as follows:
(1) cellulose series biomass garbage pretreatment
Cellulose series biomass garbage is pulverized, sprays aminating agent containing to cellulose series biomass garbage Water rate 30%-60% also seals, room temperature condition 6~15 days, obtains cellulose series biomass after pretreatment;Described Aminating agent be fermentation biogas slurry, carbamide or ammonia saline solution;Can destroy in straw wooden by ammonification pretreatment Structure between cellulose, thus improve the degradability of straw.
(2) the external domestication of rumen microorganism is cultivated
Liquid in ruminant tumor gastric is inoculated in anaerobic system with the volume ratio of 10%-30%, adds pre- Cellulose series biomass after process, after pretreatment, cellulose series biomass accounts for the 1%-5% of anaerobic system gross mass (dry weight meter);Add the buffer solution of the 70%-90% of anaerobic system volume, regulate pH 6.5-7.5, temperature 35-40 DEG C, speed of agitator 100-200r/min, hydraulic detention time 10-30 days, tame 25-35 days, tumor Stomach microorganism obtains stably preferably enzymatic activity and gas producing efficiency, and external domestication completes;Then, in nothing Filtering means dehydration under the conditions of oxygen, as the inoculation microbial inoculum of dry-type anaerobic fermentation;
Described buffer solution composition: NaHCO3Concentration is 2-6g/L;Na2HPO4Concentration is 3-6g/L, NaH2PO4Concentration is 2-5g/L;Urea concentration is 0.1-0.3g/L;NaCl concentration is 0.2-0.4g/L, KCl Concentration is 0.3-0.5g/L, MgCl2Concentration is 0.03-0.05g/L, CaCl2Concentration is 0.02-0.03g/L.
(3) dry type anaerobic fermentation system is started
After pretreatment, cellulose series biomass is that 20-30:1 mixes with livestock culture garbage by C/N, mixing Process adds cellulose series biomass and the 5%-50% (dry weight of livestock culture garbage gross mass after pretreatment Meter) rumen microorganism inoculation microbial inoculum, obtain mixed material;The dry substance concentration regulating mixed material again is 20%-40%, pH are 6.5-7.5;Mixed material is sufficiently stirred for being placed in anaerobic environment, in temperature 35-40 DEG C Under conditions of carry out middle temp. dry type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
Cellulose series biomass after pretreatment is entered with C, N content in the mixture material of livestock culture garbage Row measures, and after mixing, the C/N of material is as follows than computing formula:
K = C / N = Σ C i X i Σ N i X i = C 1 X 1 + C 2 X 2 + ... + C i X i N 1 X 1 + N 2 X 2 + ... + N i X i
In formula:
K-fermentation raw material carbon-nitrogen ratio;
CiCarbon element in-i-th raw material, unit is percentage composition (%);
NiNitrogen in-i-th raw material, unit is percentage composition (%);
XiThe weight of-i-th raw material, unit is gram (g).
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The rumen microorganism with effectively hydrolyzing acidifying and methane phase performance is utilized at cellulose biological by the present invention In matter and livestock culture waste dry-type anaerobic fermentation technology, optimizing systematic parameter, specific aim solves dry type Anaerobic fermentation efficiency is low, starts slow, easily starts the shortcoming such as unsuccessfully.
The inoculation dry type anaerobic fermentation system reducing sugar of rumen microorganism, volatile fatty acid reach for 2-4 days First peak value, volatile fatty acid is converted into methane and carbon dioxide under the effect of methanogen afterwards, Avoiding dry type anaerobic fermentation system causes pH to decline owing to Volatile fatty acid contents is too high, suppresses methane phase The activity of bacterium.The dry type anaerobic fermentation system toggle speed of inoculation rumen microorganism is fast, the 8-15 days systems The methane content produced in biogas reaches more than 50%, shortens the startup time, dry list in cycle of operation Position grammes per square metre gas production is up to 300-400mL/gVS.
Biogas residue pH after fermentation is between 7.0-8.0, and electrical conductivity EC value is 1-2mS/cm, has preferably Basicity and electrical conductivity, can effectively slow down soil acidification as fertilizer.Organic substance after fermentation is fully dropped Solving, the nutritional labeling such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is still retained in biogas residue, and the ratio of nutritional labeling is improved, nitrogen, The nutrient composition content such as phosphorus, potassium is more than 5.5%, and the biogas residue after fermentation obtains preferable fertilizer efficiency.
Comparing with traditional anaerobic fermentation technology, this technology utilizes rumen microorganism to do as inoculation microbial inoculum Formula anaerobic fermentation, on the basis of solution biogas slurry dissolves problem, improves dry-type anaerobic fermentation gas producing efficiency. It addition, the residue biogas residue after Fa Jiao has preferable fertilizer properties, can regulate as organic fertilizer or soil Agent.Therefore, utilize rumen microorganism dry-type anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste, recycling can be improved Efficiency, has broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with technical scheme, further illustrate the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Embodiment
(1) taking the corn straw of natural air drying, the straw utilization agricultural organic solid waste anaerobism after pulverizing is sent out Ferment biogas slurry or municipal sludge fermentation biogas slurry spray its surface, control moisture content and are 40% and seal with plastic sheeting, Preserve 10 days under room temperature condition, as fermentation substrate after the straw natural air drying after ammonification;
(2) utilize the straw after ammonification and fresh chicken manure as fermentation substrate, take multiple 1000ml fermentation flask, On the basis of 50g dry, C/N are as 25-30:1, fresh chicken manure is mixed with ammoniated straw, mixed Compound material always adds the rumen microorganism (dry weight) that the external domestication of 5-10g is cultivated, and utilizes buffer solution to regulate the end Thing dry substance concentration is to 20%;
(3) mixed material stirs and is placed in fermentation flask, utilizes nitrogen to purge in fermentation flask, Drive away the oxygen in fermentation flask.Fermentation flask seals and is placed in 39 DEG C of thermostatic water tanks, utilizes drainage to aerogenesis Amount is measured;
(4) at the 2-4 days, reducing sugar, volatile fatty acid in system reach peak value, at the 5-8 days, CMC, FPA enzymatic activity starts to step up, the 10-15 days, and the methane content that fermentation produces in biogas reaches To more than 50%, start the time shorter.Experiment runs 50 days, and dry matter degradability is up to 55%, and VS drops Solution rate reaches 60%, and unit grammes per square metre gas production is 300ml/gVS;
(5) fermentation after biogas residue pH at about 7.5-8.0, electrical conductivity EC value about 1.5, total nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) content is up to more than 6%.

Claims (3)

1. utilize the method that rumen microorganism improves dry-type anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste resource utilization rate, its Being characterised by, step is as follows:
(1) cellulose series biomass garbage pretreatment
Cellulose series biomass garbage is pulverized, sprays aminating agent containing to cellulose series biomass garbage Water rate 30%-60% also seals, room temperature condition 6~15 days, obtains cellulose series biomass after pretreatment;
(2) the external domestication of rumen microorganism is cultivated
Liquid in ruminant tumor gastric is inoculated in anaerobic system with the volume ratio of 10%-30%, adds pre- Cellulose series biomass after process, after pretreatment, cellulose series biomass accounts for the 1%-5% of anaerobic system gross mass Dry weight meter;Add the buffer solution of the 70%-90% of anaerobic system volume, regulate pH 6.5-7.5, temperature 35-40 DEG C, speed of agitator 100-200r/min, hydraulic detention time 10-30 days, tame 25-35 days, tumor Stomach microorganism obtains stablizes preferable cellulase activity and gas producing efficiency, and external domestication completes;Then, Filtering means dehydration under anaerobic, as the inoculation microbial inoculum of dry-type anaerobic fermentation;
(3) dry type anaerobic fermentation system is started
After pretreatment, cellulose series biomass is that 20-30:1 mixes with livestock culture garbage by C/N, mixing The cud of the 5%-50% of cellulose series biomass and livestock culture garbage gross mass after process interpolation pretreatment Microbial inoculant microbial inoculum, dry weight meter, obtain mixed material;The dry substance concentration regulating mixed material again is 20%-40%, pH are 6.5-7.5;Mixed material is sufficiently stirred for being placed in anaerobic environment, in temperature 35-40 DEG C Under conditions of carry out middle temp. dry type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described aminating agent for fermentation biogas slurry, carbamide or Ammonia saline solution.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described buffer solution composition: NaHCO3Dense Degree is 2-6g/L;Na2HPO4Concentration is 3-6g/L;NaH2PO4Concentration is 2-5g/L;Urea concentration is 0.1-0.3g/L;NaCl concentration is 0.2-0.4g/;KCl concentration is 0.3-0.5g/L;MgCl2Concentration is 0.03-0.05 g/L;CaCl2Concentration is 0.02-0.03g/L.
CN201610282232.XA 2016-04-29 2016-04-29 Method of utilizing rumen microbes to increase recycling rate of dry anaerobic fermentation organic solid waste Pending CN105779505A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106086087A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 吉林中之林农业科技有限公司 A kind of microbial co culture prepares the system of biomass monomer
WO2018033146A1 (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-02-22 侯哲生 System for preparing biomass monomer by means of microbial coculture
CN110699389A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-01-17 大连大学 Method for producing volatile fatty acid by using rumen microorganisms
CN111458261A (en) * 2020-04-28 2020-07-28 常州工程职业技术学院 Construction method of system for determining methane production potential of straws
CN111690691A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-22 华南农业大学 Method for realizing resource utilization of biogas residues and biogas slurry wastewater by utilizing two-stage process

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CN104845889A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-08-19 大连理工大学 Preparation method of liquid or solid rumen functional microbial agent and application thereof

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CN104845889A (en) * 2015-04-21 2015-08-19 大连理工大学 Preparation method of liquid or solid rumen functional microbial agent and application thereof

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106086087A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 吉林中之林农业科技有限公司 A kind of microbial co culture prepares the system of biomass monomer
WO2018033146A1 (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-02-22 侯哲生 System for preparing biomass monomer by means of microbial coculture
CN109790556A (en) * 2016-08-18 2019-05-21 侯哲生 A kind of system of microbial co culture preparation biomass monomer
CN109790556B (en) * 2016-08-18 2022-11-18 侯哲生 System for preparing biomass monomer through microbial co-culture
CN110699389A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-01-17 大连大学 Method for producing volatile fatty acid by using rumen microorganisms
CN110699389B (en) * 2019-11-22 2023-06-27 大连大学 Method for producing volatile fatty acid by utilizing rumen microorganism
CN111458261A (en) * 2020-04-28 2020-07-28 常州工程职业技术学院 Construction method of system for determining methane production potential of straws
CN111690691A (en) * 2020-06-12 2020-09-22 华南农业大学 Method for realizing resource utilization of biogas residues and biogas slurry wastewater by utilizing two-stage process

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Application publication date: 20160720