CN105773761A - Axial vacuum fire retarding treatment method for wood - Google Patents
Axial vacuum fire retarding treatment method for wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN105773761A CN105773761A CN201410795623.2A CN201410795623A CN105773761A CN 105773761 A CN105773761 A CN 105773761A CN 201410795623 A CN201410795623 A CN 201410795623A CN 105773761 A CN105773761 A CN 105773761A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an axial vacuum fire retarding treatment method for wood. The axial vacuum fire retarding treatment method for the wood includes the steps that the wood is placed in a vacuum treatment device in a sealed manner, and axial vacuum impregnation treatment is conducted on the wood so as to enable fire retarding liquid to be guided into different positions in the wood along axial channels, such as vessels or tracheids of the wood, and internal fire retarding treatment of the wood is achieved; the impregnated wood is soaked in an ultrasonic treatment pool containing the fire retarding liquid to be subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the surface layer of the wood is dipped with the fire retarding liquid; and drying treatment is conducted on the fire retarding wood. By the adoption of the axial vacuum fire retarding treatment method for the wood, wood treatment operation is convenient, the speed is high, the process is simple, and energy consumption is low; the consumption of a fire retardant is low, use efficiency is high, and cyclic utilization can be achieved; and the chemical loading capacity of the manufactured fire retarding wood reaches 60 kg/m<3> to 100 kg/m<3>, the fire retardant is evenly distributed in the wood and the surface layer of the wood, and the fire retarding effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-retarding of wood treatment technology, particularly to a kind of timber axial vacuum flame-proof treatment method.
Background technology
Timber is a kind of reproducible green construction material, is widely used in the fields such as furniture, building, interior decoration, packaging.But, owing to timber has inflammability, wood materials the fire caused frequently occurs, and serious threat is to personal safety as well as the property safety.Requirement according to state compulsory standard GB20286-2006, fire-retardant product and the assembly of public place application must reach certain fire-retardant rank, and not fire retardant treated timber is difficult to reach Normalization rule requirement, it is therefore desirable to carry out fire-retarding of wood process.
The flame-retardant impregnating of current timber processes and is mainly three types: normal pressure dipping, vacuum impregnation and vacuum pressed dipping.These three dipping method is all immerse fire resistant fluid from timber top layer, and due to the impact of wood internal air and water grading factors, even if pressure is very big, fire resistant fluid can not immerse wood internal, and impregnating depth is little.It addition, often can carry out planing operation through the timber later stage of flame treatment, can be planed in the timber top layer containing fire retardant by this, not only obtain less than desired flame retardant effect, and waste a large amount of fire retardant.
The Chinese invention patent that such as publication number is ZL02145544.9 discloses " a kind of Wood fire retardant treatment process ", including selection, preparation fire resistant fluid, immersion, dry run, it is characterized in that timber all have employed supersonic treatment in twice normal pressure dipping of fire resistant fluid.But the veneer that the object of this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is thickness 1mm, for the timber that some thickness are big, still cannot make fire resistant fluid be impregnated into wood internal.
The Chinese invention patent of such as patent No. CN200910030996.X discloses " Wood fire retardant treatment process ", including charging, evacuation, immersion, return liquid, reclaiming process, it is characterized in that then input fire resistant fluid after fire retardant tank evacuation is pressurizeed, and residue fire resistant fluid is drawn back fluid reservoir.This technique can obtain the fire retarding wood that impregnating depth is about 5mm, if the later stage carries out planing operation, then the timber top layer containing fire retardant is easy to be planed.The Chinese invention patent of patent No. CN201210094845.2 discloses " a kind of Wood fire retardant treatment process ", prepares two kinds of fire resistant fluids, adopts twice vacuum pressed dipping, successively two kinds of fire resistant fluids are entered timber, it is possible to obtain have the fire-retardant material of anti-current inefficacy fruit.But this technique needs two kinds of fire resistant fluids of preparation, and perform twice at vacuum pressed and process, complicated operation, energy consumption is high, for the timber that some thickness are big, fire resistant fluid still cannot homogeneous impregnation to wood internal.
The Chinese invention patent of such as patent No. CN201110164504.3 discloses " a kind of flame-retardant solid wood composite section and manufacture method thereof " again, make including wood chip, first time superposition dries, heat treatment improvement, chip impregnation, second time superposition dry, the glued step such as fix, it is possible to obtain the uniform solid wood composite section of fire-retardant infiltration.But this technique needs to be fabricated to timber wood chip, thermally treated and glued again after flame treatment, complex process.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above prior art Problems existing, it is provided that a kind of method that timber is carried out flame treatment.The inventive method uses for reference trees principle invention " axial vacuum flame treatment " method by the axial passage transport moisture such as conduit (or tracheid), capillary tube and nutrient, and fire retarding wood is processed by principle further that use for reference ultrasonic cavitation effect, it is provided that a kind of impregnating depth is big, permeate Wood fire retardant treatment process uniform, simple to operate.
" axial vacuum flame treatment " can be described more fully by accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 is that axial vacuum processes installation drawing.
Axial vacuum processes device and includes fire resistant fluid adding trough 1, liquid flowing valve 3, draining valve 9, upper liquid collecting room 6, lower liquid collecting room 4, waste collection room 8, vacuum pump 12, wherein place the seal disc with sealing ring respectively in upper and lower liquid collecting room, upper liquid collecting room (includes the sealing ring of liquid collecting room) and can move up and down, adjust height, being sealed by timber is positioned between upper and lower liquid collecting room, one transparent housing of its outer cup, need not fix, and only need to ensure to seal in cover under negative pressure state；The fire resistant fluid of processing procedure Zhong Shang liquid collecting room is imported waste collection room by sebific duct 7.
To the further supersound process of timber through " axial vacuum flame treatment ".Timber through " axial vacuum flame treatment " is immersed in the supersound process pond filling fire resistant fluid, due to hyperacoustic cavitation, timber top layer is produced powerful impulsive force, pressurized by the little molecule of fire resistant fluid processing pond, promotes that fire resistant fluid impregnates to timber top layer；Substantial amounts of fire resistant fluid is impregnated in the axial passages such as the wood internal conduit (or tracheid) through " axial vacuum flame treatment ", effect due to ultrasonic cavitation, wood structure is produced powerful impulsive force by the little molecule of fire resistant fluid of wood internal, destroy the organizational structuries such as pit, promote the fire resistant fluid horizontal infiltration in vertical passage, so can obtain the uniform fire retarding wood of infiltration.
Fire-retardant Immersion treatment technique of the present invention works as follows:
1) timber is sealed in the process device being positioned over as shown in Figure 1, timber upper/lower terminal head is alignd with the sealing ring of upper and lower liquid collecting room respectively, carries out encapsulation process；
2) start extract system to processing device evacuation, make to be formed in device negative pressure, and carry out initial vacuum process under negative pressure；
3) opening liquid flowing valve, under suction function, fire resistant fluid imports in timber along the axial passage such as conduit (or tracheid) of timber, makes wood internal impregnate fire resistant fluid, and part fire resistant fluid is upwardly into collecting tank, enters waste collection room along pipeline；
4) close extract system, open draining valve, take out and impregnate complete timber, be immersed in the supersound process pond filling fire resistant fluid, carry out supersound process；
5) take out timber, put into drying baker and be dried.
Wherein step 1), 2), 3), 4), 5) described in moisture content be 5%-15%, juggle length is 100mm-2000mm, and juggle diameter is 20mm-100mm；
Wherein step 2) described in initial vacuum processing pressure be-0.01--0.09MPa, it is preferred to-0.05--0.09MPa；The initial vacuum process time is 30-120min, it is preferred to 30-90min；
Wherein step 3), 4) described in fire resistant fluid be wood fire retardant, it is preferred to nitrogen phosphorus flame retardant；Flame retardant concentration (mass fraction) is 10-40%, it is preferred to 20-40%,；Fire retardant temperature is 20-80oC, it is preferred to 20-60oC；
Wherein supersound process 1-10 hour described in step 4), frequency 50-100Hz;
Wherein the timber described in step 5) is first positioned over climatic chamber dry 1-4 days, then being positioned over air dry oven, to be dried to moisture content be 8-15%.
Wood treated with fire retardants prepared by the present invention has the advantage that
1. the fire-retardant material drug loading that the present invention obtains is high, and drug loading reaches 60-100kg/m3, fire retardant is evenly distributed on wood internal and top layer；
2. oxygen index (OI) >=45% of the fire-retardant material that the present invention obtains, achieves good flame retardant effect；
3. the inventive method is easy to operate, technique is simple, energy consumption is low, and the consumption of fire retardant is low, and service efficiency is high.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be more fully understood that the technical characterstic of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.It should be noted that embodiment is not limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) it is that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) tilia amurensis plain-sawed lumber is positioned in process device as shown in Figure 1 by specification, timber upper/lower terminal head is alignd with the sealing ring of upper and lower liquid collecting room respectively, carries out encapsulation process；
2) starting extract system to processing device evacuation, make to be formed in device negative pressure, and carry out initial vacuum process under negative pressure, the vacuum of this process is-0.09MPa, keeps 45min；
3) liquid flowing valve is opened, under suction function, concentration be 30% BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid import in timber along the axial passage such as conduit (or tracheid) of timber, wood internal is made to be full of fire resistant fluid, part fire resistant fluid is upwardly into collecting tank, entering waste collection room along pipeline, this state keeps 30min；
4) close extract system, open draining valve, take out and impregnate complete timber, be immersed in the supersound process pond filling the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid that concentration is 30%, supersound process 4 hours, frequency 50-100Hz；
5) take out timber, be first positioned over climatic chamber and dry 2 days, then being positioned over air dry oven, to be dried to moisture content be 8-15%.
Embodiment 2
1) it is that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plain-sawed lumber is positioned in process device as shown in Figure 1 by specification, timber upper/lower terminal head is alignd with the sealing ring of upper and lower liquid collecting room respectively, carries out encapsulation process；
2) starting extract system to processing device evacuation, make to be formed in device negative pressure, and carry out initial vacuum process under negative pressure, the vacuum of this process is-0.09MPa, keeps 45min；
3) liquid flowing valve is opened, under suction function, concentration be 30% BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid import in timber along the axial passage such as conduit (or tracheid) of timber, wood internal is made to be full of fire resistant fluid, part fire resistant fluid is upwardly into collecting tank, entering waste collection room along pipeline, this state keeps 30min；
4) close extract system, open draining valve, take out and impregnate complete timber, be immersed in the supersound process pond filling the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid that concentration is 30%, supersound process 4 hours, frequency 50-100Hz；
5) take out timber, be first positioned over climatic chamber and dry 2 days, then being positioned over air dry oven, to be dried to moisture content be 8-15%.
Reference examples 1
Not fire retardant treated specification is 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) tilia amurensis plain-sawed lumber, moisture content 6%.
Reference examples 2
Being that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) tilia amurensis plain-sawed lumber is immersed in the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid that concentration is 30% by specification, take out after 48 hours, being dried to moisture content is 8-15%.
Reference examples 3
1) it is that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) tilia amurensis plain-sawed lumber puts into vacuum pressed tank by specification, open vacuum pump and carry out evacuation process, make the vacuum in vacuum pressed tank reach-0.09MPa, under room temperature, keep 30min；
2) stopping vacuum pump, in vacuum pressed tank, implantation concentration is the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid of 30%, and the vacuum to tank is 0MPa；
3) open force (forcing) pump, timber is carried out pressurized treatments, be forced into 1.4MPa, keep 120min；
4) open draining valve and discharge fire resistant fluid, pressure relief, take out fire retardant treated timber；
5) dry fire retardant treated timber.
Reference examples 4
Not fire retardant treated specification is 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plain-sawed lumber, moisture content 6%.
Reference examples 5
Being that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plain-sawed lumber is immersed in the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid that concentration is 30% by specification, take out after 48 hours, being dried to moisture content is 8-15%.
Reference examples 6
1) it is that 200mm (L) × 100mm (R) × 30mm (T) Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae plain-sawed lumber puts into vacuum pressed tank by specification, open vacuum pump and carry out evacuation process, make the vacuum in vacuum pressed tank reach-0.09MPa, under room temperature, keep 30min；
2) stopping vacuum pump, in vacuum pressed tank, implantation concentration is the BL-environmental-protection flame-retardant liquid of 30%, and the vacuum to tank is 0MPa；
3) open force (forcing) pump, timber is carried out pressurized treatments, be forced into 1.4MPa, keep 120min；
4) open draining valve and discharge fire resistant fluid, pressure relief, take out fire retardant treated timber；
5) dry fire retardant treated timber.
Experimental example 1 drug loading and oxygen index (OI)
1. drug loading
Timber before respectively entrance being processed device and after flame treatment is weighed, drug loading y(units/kg/m3) computing formula is:
Y=(m1-m0)×C/V
In formula: m0——Tilia amurensis test specimen quality before entrance process device, unit is g；
m1——The wet quality of test specimen after flame treatment, unit is g；
C——The concentration of retardant solution；
V——The volume of test specimen, unit is m3。
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, reference examples 1-6 drug loading result in Table 1.
2. oxygen index (OI)
Adopt end face to light method according to GBT2406.2-2009 " plastics oxygen index method measures burning behavior " and detect the top layer of embodiment and reference examples and the oxygen index (OI) of sandwich layer timber respectively.The oxygen index value of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the top layer of reference examples 1-6 and sandwich layer timber is in Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Reference examples 1 | Reference examples 2 | Reference examples 3 | Reference examples 4 | Reference examples 5 | Reference examples 6 | |
| Drug loading/(kg/m3) | 86 | 95 | 0 | 5 | 27 | 0 | 7 | 34 |
| Top layer oxygen index (OI) | 50% | 55% | 23% | 34% | 46% | 24% | 37% | 50% |
| Sandwich layer oxygen index (OI) | 55% | 60% | 23% | 23% | 29% | 24% | 24% | 29% |
Test result indicate that: the drug loading of fire retarding wood prepared by the present invention is high, and fire resistant fluid impregnates wood internal, and the top layer of timber and inside all show good flame retardant effect.
Experimental example 2 cone calorimetry is tested
Clip fire retarding wood two ends 50mm × 100mm × 30mm part, choose middle 100mm × 100mm × 30mm and detect test specimen partly as CONE.The heat release rate peak value of timber, heat release total amount and average heat release rate is tested according to GBT16172-2007 " construction material HRR test method Cone calorimeter ".Test adopts caloradiance to be 50kw/m2, relevant temperature is 820oC.Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, reference examples 1-6 result in Table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Reference examples 1 | Reference examples 2 | Reference examples 3 | Reference examples 4 | Reference examples 5 | Reference examples 6 | |
| Heat release rate peak value/kW m-2 | 165 | 156 | 269 | 220 | 193 | 259 | 211 | 191 |
| Heat release total amount/MJ m-2 | 125 | 119 | 215 | 198 | 178 | 207 | 189 | 169 |
| Average heat release rate/kW m-2 | 70 | 66 | 125 | 106 | 94 | 119 | 101 | 87 |
Test result indicate that: the timber that the heat that fire retarding wood prepared by the present invention discharges in combustion is prepared well below additive method, achieve good flame retardant effect.
Result after the burning of experimental example 3 radiant heat source
Embodiment 1, reference examples 1-3 test specimen at the temperature of 820oC, 50kw/m2Caloradiance radiant heat source burning after test specimen top layer see Fig. 2-5.Fire retardant treated test specimen, ignite light time the rapid carbonization blackening in top layer, fire retardant formed cystose sealing coat, fire retardant drug loading this phenomenon more big is more obvious；Not fire retardant treated test specimen all becomes ash after fully burning.
Claims (7)
1. a timber axial vacuum flame-proof treatment method, including step:
1) timber is sealed in the process device being positioned over as shown in Figure 1, timber upper/lower terminal head is alignd with the sealing ring of upper and lower liquid collecting room respectively, carries out encapsulation process；
2) start extract system to processing device evacuation, make to be formed in device negative pressure, and carry out initial vacuum process under negative pressure；
3) opening liquid flowing valve, under suction function, fire resistant fluid imports in timber along the axial passage such as conduit (or tracheid) of timber, makes wood internal impregnate fire resistant fluid, and part fire resistant fluid is upwardly into collecting tank, enters waste collection room along pipeline；
4) close extract system, open draining valve, take out and impregnate complete timber, be immersed in the supersound process pond filling fire resistant fluid, carry out supersound process；
5) take out timber, put into drying baker and be dried.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that processing timber in step 1) is tangential plate or radial plate, and moisture content is 5% ~ 15%, and juggle length is 100mm ~ 2000mm, and juggle diameter is 20mm ~ 100mm.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that processing step 2) in initial vacuum processing pressure for-0.01 ~-0.09MPa, it is 30 ~ 120min that initial vacuum processes the time.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that processing in step 3) that wood vacuum axially impregnates pressure is-0.01 ~-0.09Mpa, and axially the time of impregnating is 10 ~ 180min.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that processing step 3), 4) fire resistant fluid is fire-retarding of wood agent solution, flame retardant concentration (mass fraction) is 10 ~ 40%, and fire retardant temperature is 20 ~ 80oC.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that processing step 4) supersound process 1 ~ 10 hour, frequency 50 ~ 100Hz.
7. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that processing step 5), it is characterized in that taking out fire retarding wood is first positioned over climatic chamber and dries 1 ~ 4 day, then being positioned over air dry oven, to be dried to moisture content be 8 ~ 15%.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106113162A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-16 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of fire-retardant ecological board |
| CN106239647A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of carbon fiber ecological ornamental plate |
| CN106272737A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of anticorrosion moisture-resisting decoration board |
| CN110271066A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-24 | 南宁科天水性科技有限责任公司 | A kind of fire retardant treatment process and equipment suitable for moist wood thin wood veneer |
| CN111347508A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-30 | 桐庐爱华家俬有限公司 | Method for improving stability of rosewood |
| CN113997370A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-01 | 宁波美久汽配科技有限公司 | Rattan raw materials pigment injection clamping device is used in auto parts production |
| CN115570644A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 鲁东大学 | Wood drying, degreasing, corrosion prevention, modification and decoloration treatment method and device |
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2014
- 2014-12-20 CN CN201410795623.2A patent/CN105773761A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106113162A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-16 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of fire-retardant ecological board |
| CN106239647A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of carbon fiber ecological ornamental plate |
| CN106272737A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 贺州市恒达板业有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of anticorrosion moisture-resisting decoration board |
| CN110271066A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-24 | 南宁科天水性科技有限责任公司 | A kind of fire retardant treatment process and equipment suitable for moist wood thin wood veneer |
| CN111347508A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-30 | 桐庐爱华家俬有限公司 | Method for improving stability of rosewood |
| CN113997370A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-01 | 宁波美久汽配科技有限公司 | Rattan raw materials pigment injection clamping device is used in auto parts production |
| CN113997370B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-29 | 宁波美久汽配科技有限公司 | Rattan raw materials pigment injection clamping device is used in auto parts production |
| CN115570644A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-01-06 | 鲁东大学 | Wood drying, degreasing, corrosion prevention, modification and decoloration treatment method and device |
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Application publication date: 20160720 |