CN1057592C - Vapor generator with flues consist of essencially vertical tubes - Google Patents
Vapor generator with flues consist of essencially vertical tubes Download PDFInfo
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- CN1057592C CN1057592C CN 92109521 CN92109521A CN1057592C CN 1057592 C CN1057592 C CN 1057592C CN 92109521 CN92109521 CN 92109521 CN 92109521 A CN92109521 A CN 92109521A CN 1057592 C CN1057592 C CN 1057592C
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- pipe
- steam generator
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a vapor generator. A straight flow type steam generator is provided with a vertical gas duct which is practically composed of pipes which are vertically arranged. The pipes (3) in the straight flow type steam generator form a common combustion chamber wall (2) and support a fuel combustor in minerals. The inner side of each pipe is provided with a rib which is formed from multiple screw threads so that cooling agent flowing through the pipes can communicate. According to the vapor generator, a function is formed by the diameters d of the inner walls of the pipes and a quotient k, and points which are determined by the inner diameters of the pipes and the value of the quotient k are positioned between a curve A and a straight line b in coordinates; at the same time, the quotient k is obtained by dividing the total flow M of all the pipes in 100% of steam efficiency by the perimeter of the gas duct in the horizontal cross section of the combustion chamber, and four determined points are positioned on the curve A which continuously rises under the condition. The vapor generator is suitable for straight flow type steam generators with rated power below 500 MW.
Description
The present invention relates to have basically the continuous steam generator of the vertical blast tube that the pipe by vertical setting and air-tightness welding each other constitutes, these pipes jointly constitute chamber wall and support fossil-fuel-fired device, the bore of pipe is represented with d and has on inside tube with h to represent rib spacing and represent the rib that the high multi-head spiral of rib constitutes with H that the cooling agent that these ribs will flow through is separated concurrently.
This continuous steam generator that has the vertical piping that constitutes chamber wall is compared the low and pressure loss in addition water/steam of production cost also seldom with those continuous steam generators that are made of the thread-shaped piping.Certainly, in the process of each pipe heat supply, difference can appear inevitably, for example before blowing cigarette ash with afterwards because different slagging degree, temperature difference between each pipe of each evaporimeter exhaust outlet reaches 160 ℃ (european patent applications 0217079), thereby causes unallowed hot pressing loss.In addition, this up to now with piping be cooled to the basis steam generator be only applicable to big unit power, be entitled as " floating pressure operation type forced circulation boiler " at portion (by H with vertical combustion chamber piping, Juzie et al is at VGB power station technology 64, Heft4 to 292 page) public publication in, provided the steam generator with combustion chamber of by vertical piping and bone coal tangential burner hearth constituting of power bracket below 500 megawatts.
Can also draw from this publication, except the internal diameter of pipe, the flux density of cooling agent is a definite value for the traffic engineering design of parallel pipe system in the pipe, and the parallel pipe system has been the effect of evaporimeter generating surface.For constituting combustion chamber and inboard is the spirality piping of plain tube, concrete flux density is provided with its flux density of vertical piping that the pipe of rib constitutes then between 1500 and 2000 kilograms of/square metre seconds by inside between 2000 and 3000 kilograms of/square metre seconds.In these design parameters, the friction pressure drop part is sizable in the overall presure drop of continuous steam generator.Therefore, can make this evaporimeter that typical characteristics are arranged based on described design parameter, promptly the flow in the single pipe reduces under very strong heating condition, and increases at the next flow of more weak heating condition.
These characteristics are to cause the reason that has the big temperature difference between the exhaust outlet of each pipe in having the blast tube of vertical tube.As everyone knows, can an air throttle is installed and/or on the chamber wall top of blast tube outside a mixed collection pipe is set at evaporator inlet in order to reduce this temperature difference, pipe be therein by also carrying out certain heat content compensation by mixing therein.Up to now, when unit power is lower than 500 megawatt hours, all be that chamber wall with described continuous steam generator is designed to the spirality piping, so that can in pipe, keep the required flux density of cooling plain tube and under the situation of big pipe range, realize certain thermal compensation.This mode causes higher and relatively large according to the High Pressure Difference needs that the occurred feed pump power of the production cost of continuous steam generator.
Task of the present invention is low continuous steam generator of production cost and the operating cost that reduces steam generator, meanwhile economically and in the permissible value scope, reduce the temperature difference of evaporimeter exhaust ports, make the range of application of continuous steam generator expand to its unit power in fact below 500 megawatts in addition with the vertical piping that constitutes chamber wall.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned task about continuous steam generator is achieved in that to be that bore d is the function of merchant k, and by the numerical value of bore and merchant K to the point determined in coordinate system between curve A and straight line B.Meanwhile, merchant K is in the girth acquisition of the blast tube horizontal cross-section that records on divided by the tubular axis line in adjacent pipe with the total flow M of all pipes under 100% the evaporation efficiency.With numerical value to corresponding point.
Work as K
1During=3 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
1=12.5 millimeters
Work as K
2During=7 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
2=20.4 millimeters
Work as K
3During=13 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
3=30.6 millimeters and
Work as K
4During=19 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
4=39.0 millimeters
Be positioned on the curve A of continuous rising and straight line B by corresponding point being determined with numerical value.
Work as K
5During=1.8 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
5=14.3 millimeters and
Work as K
6During=7.6 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
6=38.4 millimeters
After steam generator of the present invention suitably designed, the rib spacing h of the rib that is made of multiple thread on inside tube (rice) maximum equaled 0.9 times of root of ips d (rice), and the high H of rib should be 0.04 times of bore d at least.
A kind of useful being designed to of the present invention, each is about 30% with the maximum deviation of the corresponding bore d of corresponding bore d of merchant K and merchant K on the curve A.
Curve A and straight line B determine that like this under the situation that does not lose advantage of the present invention, continuous steam generator can move under the littler load that maybe can guarantee continuous operation under the minimum load of fully loaded 50%.
Continuous steam generator is very favorable designed according to this invention, because the flux density that flows through in the pipe is reduced so significantly and so definite bore by this design, promptly make partial drop of pressure (the geod tisch) part in the overall presure drop force the characteristic of once through steam generator to change, according to this variation and design parameter, flow in the pipe increases when strong when single pipe is heated, and when the flow reduction in pipe when more weak of being heated.This new characteristics make vapor (steam) temperature and the tube wall temperature of the chamber wall exhaust ports that formed by evaporator heating surface has been realized significant compensation.
The reduction of flux density has further advantage in the evaporator tube, because under the constant situation of the total flow that flows through the parallel piping of evaporimeter and keeping under the situation of the bore d that equates, the number of tubes with the parallel UNICOM of circulation style on the chamber wall of blast tube is more than what designed in the past naturally.The girth that therefore might make the combustion chamber increases with the ratio of total flow and can make the range of application of the continuous steam generator with vertical tubular chamber wall expand to its power bracket far below 500 megawatts.
Yet in order to guarantee the cooling of each pipe simultaneously, the inside of pipe must be ribbing.And the geometry of rib must be almost in all evapn zone, makes the danger that has water all the time on the inwall of pipe and eliminate thin film evaporation thus by forcing the rotation of cooling agent stream.
Below will be for a more detailed description to the structure of continuous steam generator of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.Shown in each figure:
Fig. 1 is the local figure in horizontal cross-section that passes vertical blast tube,
Fig. 2 is the profilograph that passes a pipe,
Fig. 3 is the coordinate system with curve A and B.
Continuous steam generator with vertical blast tube 1 comprises chamber wall 2.Chamber wall 2 constitutes airtight each other welding (Fig. 1) between the pipe 3 by pipe 3 vertical and that be arranged side by side.The pipe of airtight welding constitutes airtight chamber wall 2 with the structure of pipe-web-pipe or the version of radiating tube (Flossenrohr) each other.
According to Fig. 2, the inboard of pipe 3 is provided with rib 4, and it is the multiple thread of h that rib 4 constitutes the rib ascensional range, and the height of rib is H.The bore d of pipe 3 determines that by the diameter that calculates the garden this garden has the same area that equates in free cross-section of the pipe 3 that limits with rib 4.Bore d and rib ascensional range h are each other by function h≤0.9
And determine that this is in order to adjust ANALYSIS OF COOLANT FLOW with enough big rotation.Simultaneously, the measurement unit of h and d rice.
The chamber wall 2 of vertical blast tube does not support described fossil-fuel-fired device, and fossil fuel are in blast tube 1 internal combustion and produce heat.The heat that generates is absorbed by cooling agent, and cooling agent flows through pipe 3 and the evaporation simultaneously that constitutes chamber wall 2.Under normal circumstances serve as cooling agent with suitable purifying waste water.Rib 4 0.04 times of the about bore d of projection at least in pipe 3 so that the moisture content of flowing coolant is by inside tube, was managed 3 inboard because of the rotation of cooling agent at first will be at that time in the zone of water evaporates also be urged to as the water of liquid existence.Pipe 3 can pass to the heat that it absorbed well liquid and guarantee cooling thus like this.
In order to guarantee enough sizes, bore d of the present invention will select according to merchant K.And merchant K is by the total flow (Kilograms Per Second) of all pipes is determined divided by the girth (rice) of blast tube 1 under 100% evaporation efficiency.The girth of blast tube records along dotted line among Fig. 15, and this dotted line is connected with each other the tubular axis of each adjacent pipe 3.
In coordinate system shown in Figure 3, bore d can be used as the function of merchant K and describes.Four points on the curve A by numerical value to providing:
Work as K
1During=3 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
1=12.5 millimeters
Work as K
2During=7 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
2=20.4 millimeters
Work as K
3During=13 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
3=30.6 millimeters and
Work as K
4During=19 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
4=39.0 millimeters
Every bit on the zone between curve A and the straight line B represents that all a numerical value is right, friction pressure drop at that point and partial drop of pressure have suitable proportionate relationship each other, and in general, friction pressure drop is worked energetically in partial drop of pressure, when each pipe absorbs more heats, by the flow increase of pipe.
Therefore, guarantee the pipe cooling, then under the situation of given merchant K, not allow to select arbitrarily bore d.So the numerical value that exists is limited by straight line B the zone in fact usually, this straight line is by corresponding to the right point of numerical value
Work as K
5During=1.8 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
5=14.3 millimeters and
Work as K
6During=7.6 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
6Come to determine for=38.4 millimeters.Therefore, according to the present invention by bore d and the numerical value that constitutes of merchant K between curve A in coordinate system shown in Figure 3 and the straight line B.
Under disadvantageous especially heating state, the bore d that the bore d corresponding with merchant K is more corresponding than the merchant K on curve A at the most is big by 30%.
By determining to force acquisition to manage flow regime in 3 to the size of bore d with the mode that provides and method, under this flow regime, pressure drop part that is formed by friction in the overall presure drop and the local pressure drop that causes have partly formed a rational proportion relation, that is to say no matter be in full load or in sub-load, sub-load reaches under fully loaded 50% or the lower situation even, is not always the case.Since in the present invention manage 3 and blast tube 1 mutually adjusted size, so its rational proportion can by relatively low, relevant with the amount of cooling agent cooling agent in the axial direction the while ensure with the flow velocity that rotatablely moves by force.It is that 100% o'clock maximum can reach about 800 kilograms of/square metre seconds and 850 kilograms of/square metre seconds (curve A) that this flow velocity of representing with flux density reaches 25 millimeters and evaporation efficiency at bore d.As bore d during greater than 25 millimeters, flux density increases to some extent and maximum can reach 850 and about 950 kilograms of/square metre seconds (curve A).
The overall presure drop of pipe in 3 that is to say that pressure in the bottom inlet collector pipe and the difference between the pressure in top outlet collector pipe are by friction pressure drop part, partial drop of pressure part with quicken pressure drop and partly lump together and constitute.
When single pipe 3 is accepted more heat with respect to other pipe,, the volume of water-vapor mixing increases owing to increasing the friction pressure drop that makes in this pipe.Because the parallel pipeline that communicates of all on the heating evaporation face of continuous steam generator connects with common inlet collector pipe and conjoint outlet collector pipe and has determined identical pressure drop, so in the pipe of being forced heat, flow is reduced in order to compensate these pressure drop parts.These circulatioies through having reduced flow through from the pipe of being forced heat; The steam exit temperature of its pipe end is more much higher than the temperature of the tube end that is subjected to average heating and weak heating.
In contrast, in the more pipe that is heated, because water-steam plume is very light, so single pipe 3 has been reduced with respect to other tube voltage drop because of evaporation increases.Under the effect of these factors, the flow that flows through the more pipe that is heated increases, and reaches the pressure drop that provides up to the summation of the partial drop of pressure of friction pressure drop that increases and reduction after inlet collector pipe and the associating of outlet collector pipe.For the temperature that makes tube end place steam (vapor) outlet more still keeps very low being heated, desirable method is to increase flow.The influence of partial drop of pressure is the reason that makes the continuous steam generator characteristic changing among the present invention, this change has avoided on evaporimeter pipe end the bigger temperature difference being arranged, and can be utilized higher coolant flow farthest to be compensated by himself because force the single pipe of heat.
Advantage of the present invention is with the solid fuel in-line arrangement steam generator that burns of coal for example In be especially obvious because based on chamber wall pollution in various degree, single pipe is heated many Or few problem exists in a large number.
Claims (7)
1. the continuous steam generator that has the vertical blast tube that the pipe by the welding of air-tightness each other constitutes, fossil-fuel-fired device is housed on this steam generator, wherein the pipe of blast tube is vertically arranged basically, the internal diameter of this pipe is represented with d, the inner face of pipe has rib that is formed by multiple thread and the parallel UNICOM of the cooling agent that will flow through, it is characterized in that
---bore d is the function of merchant K,
---by the numerical value of bore d and merchant K to the point of determining be arranged in the coordinate system curve A and
Between the straight line B,
---wherein discuss K and be by total with all pipes under 100% steam efficiency
Flow cuts divided by the blast tube level that the tubular axis line from adjacent pipe records
That the girth of face is determined and
---wherein with numerical value to corresponding point:
Work as K
1During=3 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
1=12.5 millimeters
Work as K
2During=7 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
2=20.4 millimeters
Work as K
3During=13 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
3=30.6 millimeters and
Work as K
4During=19 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
4=39.0 millimeters
Be positioned on the curve A of continuous rising and
---wherein with numerical value to corresponding point:
Work as K
5During=1.8 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
5=14.3 millimeters
Work as K
6During=7.6 Kilograms Per Second rice, d
6=38.4 millimeters
Be positioned on the straight line B.
2. according to the continuous steam generator of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spacing h of pipe middle rib (its measurement unit with " rice " expression) maximum equals subduplicate 0.9 times of ips d (its measurement unit with meter represent), and the height H of the rib that is formed by screw thread equals 0.04 times of bore d at least.
3. according to the continuous steam generator of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, with the corresponding ips d of merchant K with curve A on the corresponding bore d of merchant K compare at the most greater than 30%.
4. according to the described continuous steam generator of any one claim among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that minimum load is equal to or less than fully loaded 50% during Continuous Drive.
5. according to the described continuous steam generator of any one claim among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that fossil fuel are coal or other solid fuel.
6. according to the described continuous steam generator of any one claim among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the electrical power of the generating equipment under this continuous steam generator is in fact less than 500 megawatts.
7. according to the described continuous steam generator of any one claim among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, when ips reaches 25 millimeters, flux density maximum in the pipe is in the scope of 800-850 kilogram/square metre second, and when ips surpassed 25 millimeters, the flux density maximum can be in the scope of about 850-950 kilogram/square metre second.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92109521 CN1057592C (en) | 1992-07-17 | 1992-07-17 | Vapor generator with flues consist of essencially vertical tubes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92109521 CN1057592C (en) | 1992-07-17 | 1992-07-17 | Vapor generator with flues consist of essencially vertical tubes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1081240A CN1081240A (en) | 1994-01-26 |
| CN1057592C true CN1057592C (en) | 2000-10-18 |
Family
ID=4944191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92109521 Expired - Lifetime CN1057592C (en) | 1992-07-17 | 1992-07-17 | Vapor generator with flues consist of essencially vertical tubes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1057592C (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-07-17 CN CN 92109521 patent/CN1057592C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1081240A (en) | 1994-01-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| OR01 | Other related matters | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Expiration termination date: 20120717 Granted publication date: 20001018 |