CN105757686A - Dangerous waste swirl-flow melting system and dangerous waste treatment and recycling method thereof - Google Patents

Dangerous waste swirl-flow melting system and dangerous waste treatment and recycling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105757686A
CN105757686A CN201610144595.7A CN201610144595A CN105757686A CN 105757686 A CN105757686 A CN 105757686A CN 201610144595 A CN201610144595 A CN 201610144595A CN 105757686 A CN105757686 A CN 105757686A
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China
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vertical burn
barrel
waste
combustion barrel
burn cylinder
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CN201610144595.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105757686B (en
Inventor
郭馨
赵广播
高建民
杜谦
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National Mud Engineering Center Harbin Co ltd
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/008—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80—Shredding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/102—Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/30—Cyclonic combustion furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10—Liquid waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50001—Combination of two or more furnaces

Abstract

The invention provides a dangerous waste swirl-flow melting system and a dangerous waste treatment and recycling method thereof, and relates to a dangerous waste melting system and a treatment and recycling method thereof. Effective melting and toxin-free discharging effects of existing solid-state or liquid-state dangerous wastes cannot be easily realized in a treatment process, the ignition stability is not high and the heat energy utilization rate is poor. The top of a vertical type combustion barrel is communicated with a crushing device; a horizontal type combustion barrel is located under the vertical type combustion barrel and one end of the horizontal type combustion barrel is communicated with the vertical type combustion barrel; a primary air inlet is formed in the part, close to a barrel wall at one end of the vertical type combustion barrel, of the horizontal type combustion barrel; a secondary combustion-supporting combustor is located on the barrel wall of the horizontal type combustion barrel and is arranged nearby the primary air inlet; and a waste liquid drying device is located above the horizontal type combustion barrel and is communicated with the horizontal type combustion barrel through a powder combustor. The dangerous waste treatment and recycling method comprises the following steps: step 1: carrying out primary treatment; step 2: carrying out primary melting; step 3: drying waste liquid; step 4: carrying out secondary melting; and step 5, recycling residual heat. The dangerous waste swirl-flow melting system and the dangerous waste treatment and recycling method are used for treating dangerous wastes.

Description

A kind of hazardous waste whirlwind fusing system and hazardous waste thereof process recovery method
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind fusing system and hazardous waste processes recovery method.
Background technology
In recent years, it is no matter the impact of public health and hazardous waste transboundary movement continues to become global hot issue.China is as one of the fastest developing country of GDP growth rate, the no exception problem being faced with hazardous waste.The environmental accident that hazardous waste causes and to endanger the often persistent period long, disguised big, and also consequence is serious；Once generation contamination accident, the control of environmental pollution will expend a huge sum of money, and ecological recovery also by needing the longer time, is even difficult to recover sometimes.Therefore, Hazardous Wastes Management is strengthened, it is achieved the harmless treatment of danger wastes, is a key issue.
Hazardous waste relates generally to three fields: industrial dangerous waste；Medical treatment hazardous waste；Household hazards refuse.But they all have: one or more the hazard profile such as toxicity, corrosivity, inflammability, explosion hazard, reactivity, radioactivity, infectiousness.Natural environment and human health are had timely or potential threat by these danger, once it is mishandling, poisonous and harmful substance therein such as heavy metal, chemical substance, pathogenic microorganism etc. can pass through surrounding medium air, soil, earth's surface or subsoil water entered environment, affect the healthy living of people.And China is still in Rapid development stage, pursue expanding economy simply, environmental consciousness is relatively weak, hazardous waste has equally also caused contamination accident such as Zhujiang River tributary river, north cadmium pollution accident in 2005, yueyang, hunan arsenic contamination accident in 2006, heavy lesson causes the raising of Chinese government's great attention and common people's environmental consciousness, and increasing people begins to focus on the hazardous waste impact on environment.
The increasing house refuse of China in Recent Years, hazardous waste and incinerator for medical garbage are constantly putting into operation.But, the discharge beyond standards of the hypertoxicity material dioxin in running is the problem that all incinerators can not be ignored, and the innoxious final goal being hazardous waste and processing, is the final home to return to of dangerous waste disposal.Burning method is to realize innoxious, minimizing one of mode the most efficiently and effectively, and this is comparatively ripe on consumer waste incineration is applied.According to investigation, in medical wastes incineration flying dust, two English average concentration are 6 times more than of hazardous waste, only have the landfill requirement of the facility satisfied " household refuse landfill sites Environmental capacity standard " of 16.67%.For the self-built incinerator of major part medical institutions, it contains substantial amounts of hazardous waste, combustion process very easily produces the extremely toxic substances such as dioxin, and some medical treatment waste liquids not rational method at present is dealt carefully with, so accumulates over a long period and health and ecological environment can be caused grave danger and destruction.In a word, the problem for there are two English content height in existing processing mode, ash content carbon is high, efficiency of combustion is relatively low fails effectively to be solved always.
Summary of the invention
Be difficult to efficient melting and the effect of nontoxic discharge in processing procedure due to existing solid-state or liquid hazardous waste, combustion stability is not high and heat energy utilization rate variance, and then proposes a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind fusing system and hazardous waste processes recovery method.
The present invention solves that above-mentioned technical problem adopts the technical scheme that:
nullA kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system，It includes Vertical Burn chamber component、Horizontal combustion-chamber assembly、Breaker and waste liquid desiccation apparatus，Described Vertical Burn chamber component includes Vertical Burn cylinder，Described Vertical Burn cylinder is vertically arranged，The top of described Vertical Burn cylinder is communicated with breaker，On the barrel of described Vertical Burn cylinder, processing has multiple tops fire air nozzle successively、Multiple First air spouts and multiple overfire air port，Described horizontal combustion-chamber assembly includes horizontal combustion barrel、Secondary combustion-supporting burner、Powder burner、First discharge pipe and the second discharge pipe，Described horizontal combustion barrel is positioned at the lower section of Vertical Burn cylinder and its one end is connected with Vertical Burn cylinder，Described horizontal combustion barrel processes once wind inlet on the barrel of Vertical Burn cylinder one end，Described secondary combustion-supporting burner is positioned on the barrel of horizontal combustion barrel and arranges near First air import，The other end processing of described horizontal combustion barrel has exhanst gas outlet，Described first discharge pipe arranges near Vertical Burn cylinder and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel，Described second discharge pipe arranges away from Vertical Burn cylinder and its one end is connected with horizontal combustion barrel，On the barrel of described horizontal combustion barrel, also processing has secondary wind tangential entry，Described waste liquid desiccation apparatus is positioned at the top of horizontal combustion barrel and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel by powder burner.
On the barrel of described Vertical Burn cylinder, also processing has multiple split fire air nozzle.
Described Vertical Burn chamber component also includes sealing shroud, is provided with sealing shroud between described breaker and Vertical Burn cylinder.
Described Vertical Burn chamber component also includes at least one breather and at least one air flow valve, and the top of described Vertical Burn cylinder is communicated with at least one breather, when breather is one, this root breather is provided with an air flow valve；When breather is many, every breather is correspondingly arranged on an air flow valve.
One end that described first discharge pipe is connected with horizontal combustion barrel is arranged towards the bottom of Vertical Burn cylinder.
On the barrel of described horizontal combustion barrel, also processing has multiple air distribution spout, multiple air distribution spouts to be close to the setting of secondary wind tangential entry.
Described Vertical Burn cylinder is square tube or cylinder, and when Vertical Burn cylinder is square tube, the width of square tube and the ratio range of length are 1:5 to 1:7；When Vertical Burn cylinder is cylinder, the diameter of cylinder and the ratio range of tube length are 1:5 to 1:7.
It also includes waste-heat recovery device, and described waste-heat recovery device is connected with exhanst gas outlet.
The hazardous waste that a kind of a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system utilized described in detailed description of the invention eight carries out processes recovery method, and hazardous waste processes recovery method and comprises the following steps:
Step one: preliminary treatment: flammable for high-melting-point solids is put into and carries out preliminary smashing and micronization processes in breaker；
Step 2: once melt: the flammable solids of high-melting-point after breaker is processed forms high-melting-point combustible granules and enters Vertical Burn cylinder, it is vertical combustor in Vertical Burn cylinder, under the effect of the spray of multiple tops fire air nozzle that high-melting-point combustible granules is arranged on Vertical Burn cylinder, multiple First air spout, multiple secondary wind and multiple split fire air nozzle, forms the first molten condition；
Step 3: waste liquid mummification: liquid waste forms low melting point powder after the drying and other treatment of waste liquid desiccation apparatus, and low melting point powder is sprayed in horizontal combustion barrel by powder burner；
Step 4: second melting: be horizontal combustor in horizontal combustion barrel, the high-melting-point combustible granules and the low melting point powder that are in the first molten condition respectively enter in horizontal combustion barrel and mix, the two mixture formed after being sufficiently mixed carries out second melting work, after mixture sequentially passes through First air import and secondary combustion-supporting burner, in mixture, moieties forms sticky mass, this sticky mass is discharged bank of tubes by first and is gone out to enter in the first useless pond, in mixture, all the other materials pass sequentially through after secondary wind tangential entry and multiple air distribution spout fully burning until fixed carbon after-flame, remaining lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustor；
Step 5: waste heat recovery: the remaining lime-ash after step 4 is discharged bank of tubes by second and is put in the second useless pond, and in step 4 process, produced heat is entered by exhanst gas outlet and carries out waste heat recovery in waste-heat recovery device thus carrying out next step UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN work.
The method have the advantages that
One, cooperating between Vertical Burn chamber component and horizontal combustion-chamber assembly effectively realizes the second melting process of dangerous solid waste, dangerous liquid waste, dangerous solid waste and dangerous liquid waste mixture, the advantage of two kinds of type of furnaces vertical, horizontal is combined by the present invention, stable operation is effective, hazardous waste produces stable swirl flow combustion by Vertical Burn cylinder, makes the barrel temperature of Vertical Burn cylinder up to 1350 DEG C.Dioxin-like chemical resolution ratio is up to 99.90%, and lime-ash subtracts molten rate and reaches 60%, and the lime-ash of generation, stickum can effectively be discharged.Unburnt combustible and completely not melted flying dust are blown into horizontal combustor with air distribution and burn further.Realize second melting, thus reaching real innoxious.
Two, the present invention has versatility, it is possible to realize individual processing danger solid waste or the nontoxic process of dangerous liquid waste, moreover it is possible to realize dangerous solid waste and the nontoxic process of dangerous liquid waste mixture.
Three, in the present invention, in vertical combustion-chamber assembly, multiple tops fire air nozzle, the setting that cooperates between multiple First air spout and multiple overfire air port make to be formed in Vertical Burn cylinder the combustion system of maximum intensity, strengthen fuel subject range, multiple tops fire air nozzle, the arrangement rationally profile implemented and do not affect Vertical Burn cylinder simple, easy between multiple First air spout and multiple overfire air port.
Four, cooperating between secondary combustion-supporting burner, First air import and secondary wind tangential entry in horizontal combustion-chamber assembly, make hazardous waste mix homogeneously and abundant, effectively increase the heating surface of hazardous waste, while ensureing hazardous waste normal combustion, reduce manufacturing cost.
Five, the present invention adopts the combustion system of second melting, improve ignition temperature, expand the adaptability to fuel, the energy various types of hazardous waste of burn processing, improve the utilization rate of low heating value wastes, thoroughly can be eliminated danger the antibacterial in refuse and pollutant, reduces two uh English in flue gas, barks and mutter or the discharge of other pollutant.
Six, the smoke outlet of horizontal combustion barrel is connected to waste-heat recovery device so that the waste heat of generation can recycle, and saves energy.
Seven, the advantage that the present invention has treatment effeciency height, environment protecting is good, hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system and hazardous waste in the present invention process recovery method and can improve heat utilization rate, improve combustion stability, realize error process, reach Optimal Temperature, thus realizing the efficient melting of hazardous waste, with hazardous waste nontoxic discharge after combustion, innoxious, the minimizing that really realizes that hazardous waste processes, resource.The present invention can be widely used for processing industry, medical treatment and household hazards refuse, and application prospect is wider.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure profile of a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system in the present invention, and the arrow in figure represents that the hazardous waste utilizing this hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system to realize processes the handling process of recovery method；
Fig. 2 is the first plan structure profile of Vertical Burn cylinder 3, and in figure, vertical combustion barrel 3 is cylinder；
Fig. 3 is the second plan structure profile of Vertical Burn cylinder 3, and in figure, vertical combustion barrel 3 is square tube；
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
nullDetailed description of the invention one: in conjunction with Fig. 1、Fig. 2、Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 illustrates present embodiment，Present embodiment includes Vertical Burn chamber component、Horizontal combustion-chamber assembly、Breaker 1 and waste liquid desiccation apparatus 2，Described Vertical Burn chamber component includes Vertical Burn cylinder 3，Described Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is vertically arranged，The top of described Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is communicated with breaker 1，On the barrel of described Vertical Burn cylinder 3, processing has multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 successively、Multiple First air spouts 5 and multiple overfire air port 6，Described horizontal combustion-chamber assembly includes horizontal combustion barrel 7、Secondary combustion-supporting burner 8、Powder burner 9、First discharge pipe 10 and the second discharge pipe 11，Described horizontal combustion barrel 7 is positioned at the lower section of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 and its one end is connected with Vertical Burn cylinder 3，Described horizontal combustion barrel 7 processes once wind inlet 14 on the barrel of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 one end，Described secondary combustion-supporting burner 8 is positioned on the barrel of horizontal combustion barrel 7 and arranges near First air import 14，The other end processing of described horizontal combustion barrel 7 has exhanst gas outlet 12，Described first discharge pipe 10 is arranged near Vertical Burn cylinder 3 and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel 7，Described second discharge pipe 11 is arranged away from Vertical Burn cylinder 3 and its one end is connected with horizontal combustion barrel 7，On the barrel of described horizontal combustion barrel 7, also processing has secondary wind tangential entry 13，Described waste liquid desiccation apparatus 2 is positioned at the top of horizontal combustion barrel 7 and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel 7 by powder burner 9.
After hazardous waste is burnt by the present invention, reluctant waste residue is divided into the flammable ash of high-melting-point, low melting point powder and mummification waste liquid three class, in the entire system by rational error process, is truly realized the harmless treatment of hazardous waste.And rational for the waste heat of generation recycling is achieved resource.Therefore, it is necessary to exploitation is suitable for middle-size and small-size treatment scale, dangerous waste incineration method that cost is relatively low and device thereof.
The present invention adopts in horizontal combustion barrel 7 coal dust or other can be combustion-supporting low melting point hazardous waste, it is ensured that reasonable air feed in horizontal combustion barrel 7, it is to avoid fire phenomenon partially, improve in-furnace temperature, burn more abundant.
The present invention is in sampling test process, and the barrel temperature of Vertical Burn cylinder can reach 1350 DEG C.Concrete Computing Principle is as follows:
As shown in Table 1, concrete composition is as follows for hazardous waste main component:
Table one: hazardous waste main component
C H O S N A H2O
14.68 2.11 10.52 0.58 0.07 18.45 53.59
For hazardous waste main component, hazardous waste being analyzed in combustion process, when hazardous waste burns in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, its essence is the burning of combustible component C, H, S in hazardous waste, primary combustion reaction is as follows:
C+O2=CO2
H2+O2=H2O
S+O2=SO2
Under adiabatic conditions, in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, the theoretical temperature combustion of burning is t1, t1Computing formula as follows:
t 1 = Q 1 + Q 2 + Q 3 V n c 1
T in above formula1For the theoretical temperature combustion of combustible, DEG C；
Q1For the physical thermal kj/h that combustible is brought into；
Q3For the physical thermal that air is brought into；
VnFor combustible combustion smoke yields m3；
C1For flue gas specific heat capacity, according to smoke components, calculate according to ratio of gas mixture heat and obtain；
Q2Computing formula as follows:
Q2=Q4M1
Q4For combustible Lower heat value, its computing formula is as follows:
Q4=4.178 × [81C+300H-26 (O-S)-6H2O]
Q3、Q1And VnComputing formula respectively as follows:
Q3=c2Lnt3
Q1=M1c2t4
V n = ( C 12 + S 32 + H 2 + H 2 O 18 + N 28 ) × 22.4 100 + ( n - 21 100 ) L 0
In hazardous waste burning melt process process in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, impact due to factors such as Vertical Burn cylinder 3 self-radiatings, the actual furnace temperature of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is not up to the theoretical temperature combustion of hazardous waste, in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, the theoretical temperature combustion of hazardous waste substantially fluctuates with the temperature ratio of actual Vertical Burn cylinder 3 within the scope of one, this fluctuation range furnace temperature coefficient η represents, then actual furnace temperature is t2, t2=η * t1Namely
t 2 = η Q 2 + Q 3 + Q 1 V n c 1
T in formula2Barrel temperature for actual Vertical Burn cylinder.η is furnace temperature coefficient, generally takes 0.65-0.75, capping 0.75 in calculating process.So testing the data recorded per sample and t is obtained in theoretical derivation2Higher limit can reach 1350 DEG C.
Owing to the temperature in the present invention in the course of the work Vertical Burn cylinder 3 can reach 1350 DEG C, the pertinent literature according to being disclosed shows, dioxin can all melt more than 1300 DEG C and be converted into innoxious material, and lime-ash subtracts molten rate up to 60%.So dioxin-like chemical resolution ratio is up to 99.90% in the present invention, lime-ash subtracts molten rate and reaches 60%.
The present invention there is angle between vertical combustion barrel 3 and horizontal combustion barrel 7, horizontal combustion barrel 7 is positioned at the lower section of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 and the span of angle therebetween is 90 ° to 180 °, such setting enables to unburnt ash and the powder being newly doped into and mummification waste liquid and moves down in gravity impact, makes hazardous waste obtain and stir comprehensively and burn under the mating reaction of secondary combustion-supporting burner 8, First air import 14 and secondary wind tangential entry 13.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, on the barrel of Vertical Burn cylinder described in present embodiment 3, also processing has multiple split fire air nozzle 15.So arrange and cooperate guarantee corner tangential firing with multiple tops fire air nozzle 4, multiple First air spout 5 and multiple overfire air port 6, produce powerful eddy flow, make clean-burning high-melting-point feature in Vertical Burn cylinder 3.
It is feasible that the present invention is issued to, in the precondition without auxiliary fuel, the melted temperature conditions the method making hazardous waste, but needs by some supplementary meanss.Result of calculation shows, by controlling relatively low coefficient of excess air, the effect improving furnace temperature is very limited.And improve First air, the air distribution ratio of secondary wind can be effectively improved ignition temperature.nullSo arranging multiple tops fire air nozzle 4、Multiple First air spouts 5、The spray wind mode that multiple overfire air ports 6 and multiple split fire air nozzle 15 cooperate，Multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 is along the radial direction layered arrangement of Vertical Burn cylinder 3，Multiple First air spouts 5 are along the radial direction layered arrangement of Vertical Burn cylinder 3，Multiple overfire air ports 6 are along the radial direction layered arrangement of Vertical Burn cylinder 3，Each First air spout 5 with on it、Under adjacent top fire air nozzle 4 and overfire air port 6 be on same straight line，Multiple split fire air nozzle 15 are divided into two row of equalization to be arranged on multiple tops fire air nozzle 4、Terms of Corner Tangential Combustion is formed between multiple First air spouts 5 and multiple overfire air port 6，The Terms of Corner Tangential Combustion so arranged，Can make to produce in Vertical Burn cylinder 3 powerful eddy flow，Make clean-burning high-melting-point feature in Vertical Burn cylinder 3.The secondary wind that overfire air port 6 sprays into then tangentially is sent into the speed of 55～100 meter per seconds.First air is few 15～20 meter per seconds than secondary wind wind speed generally.
Optimum arrangement mode between multiple tops fire air nozzle 4, multiple First air spout 5, multiple overfire air port 6 and multiple split fire air nozzle 15: 5,3 layers of overfire air port of 6 layers of First air spout, 4,2 layers of split fire air nozzle 15 of 6,2 layers of top fire air nozzle.Wherein First air spout 5, overfire air port 6, top fire air nozzle 4 are arranged in the corner place of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 inwall and are called main burner, can regulate according to Actual combustion situation.First air is used to conveying heating hazardous waste so that it is sending into Vertical Burn indoor by First air spout 5, the ignition simultaneously meeting fugitive constituent is suitable.Secondary wind is high warm air, coordinates First air stirring mixing hazardous waste, it is provided that the air capacity that hazardous waste burning is required.Temperature is 70～130 DEG C, and the temperature of secondary wind is higher, up to 350～400 DEG C.Each wind snout place is provided with nozzle and nozzle is swingable, and the nozzle on First air spout 5 and the nozzle on overfire air port 6 can swing up and down 20 degree, can adjust at any time according to practical situation, more energy overheavy firing, strengthen motility, the stability caught fire can also be strengthened simultaneously, improve system effectiveness.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention one are identical.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Vertical Burn chamber component described in present embodiment also includes sealing shroud 16, is provided with sealing shroud 16 between described breaker 1 and Vertical Burn cylinder 3.The sealing being disposed to guarantee breaker 1 and Vertical Burn cylinder 3 of sealing shroud 16 in present embodiment, thus preventing from affecting the efficiency of combustion of hazardous waste because of gas leakage, it is ensured that the efficient burning in Vertical Burn cylinder 3.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention two are identical.
Detailed description of the invention four: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Vertical Burn chamber component described in present embodiment also includes at least one breather 17 and at least one air flow valve 18, the top of described Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is communicated with at least one breather 17, when breather 17 is one, this root breather 17 is provided with an air flow valve 18；When breather 17 is many, every breather 17 is correspondingly arranged on an air flow valve 18.Present embodiment Center Vent tube 17 has combustion-supporting effect, regulates air mass flow when processing hazardous waste amount and being bigger, strengthens the motility of the present invention, and air flow valve 18 is for controlling unlatching and the Guan Bi of its corresponding breather 17.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention one or three are identical.
Detailed description of the invention five: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, one end that the first discharge pipe 10 described in present embodiment is connected with horizontal combustion barrel 7 is arranged towards the bottom of Vertical Burn cylinder 3.In present embodiment, the first discharge pipe 10 and the horizontal such position of combustion barrel 7 arrange and ensure that the similar vertical slag tapping boiler of the lime-ash produced by horizontal combustion barrel 7, stickum can be discharged smoothly.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention four are identical.
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, on the barrel of horizontal combustion barrel 7 described in present embodiment, also processing has multiple air distribution spout 19, multiple air distribution spouts 19 to be close to secondary wind tangential entry 13 to arrange.In present embodiment, in hazardous waste, unburnt combustible and completely not melted flying dust can be blown into horizontal combustor with air distribution and burn further.Realize second melting and reach real innoxious.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention five are identical.
Detailed description of the invention seven: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Vertical Burn cylinder described in present embodiment 3 is square tube or cylinder, and when Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is square tube, the width of square tube and the ratio range of length are 1:5 to 1:7；When Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is cylinder, the diameter of cylinder and the ratio range of tube length are 1:5 to 1:7.In present embodiment, vertical combustion barrel 3 is longilineal cylinder, and such profile is arranged can increase the arrangement space of burner and the space of reducing zone.
When Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is square tube, multiple First air spouts 5, multiple overfire air port 6 and multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 are arranged in the corner place of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 inwall, and the wind snout of these three type arranges along the length direction of Vertical Burn cylinder 3, split fire air nozzle 15 is divided into four row, and each column split fire air nozzle is arranged in Vertical Burn cylinder 3 middle part of every inwall.When Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is cylinder, multiple First air spouts 5, multiple overfire air port 6 and multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 are divided into four row, form four row main burners, per quart circular arc place arranges string, and the wind snout of these three type arranges along the length direction of Vertical Burn cylinder 3, split fire air nozzle 15 is also divided into four row, and each column split fire air nozzle is arranged between every two row adjacent main burners, and each column split fire air nozzle is arranged along the axial direction of Vertical Burn cylinder 3.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention one, two, three, five or six identical.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment also includes waste-heat recovery device 20, and described waste-heat recovery device 20 is connected with exhanst gas outlet 12.Waste-heat recovery device 20 in present embodiment is existing heat reclaim unit.For reclaiming the heat produced in second melting process so that it is effectively utilize.Other NM structure and connected mode and detailed description of the invention seven are identical.
Detailed description of the invention nine: hazardous waste processes recovery method and comprises the following steps:
Step one: preliminary treatment: flammable for high-melting-point solids 21 is put into and carries out preliminary smashing and micronization processes in breaker 1；
Step 2: once melt: the flammable solids 21 of high-melting-point after breaker 1 is processed forms high-melting-point combustible granules and enters Vertical Burn cylinder 3, it is vertical combustor in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, under the effect of multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 that high-melting-point combustible granules is arranged on Vertical Burn cylinder 3, multiple First air spout 5, multiple overfire air port 6 and multiple split fire air nozzle 15, forms the first molten condition；
Step 3: waste liquid mummification: liquid waste 22 forms low melting point powder after the drying and other treatment of waste liquid desiccation apparatus 2, low melting point powder is sprayed in horizontal combustion barrel 7 by powder burner 9；
Step 4: second melting: be horizontal combustor in horizontal combustion barrel 7, the high-melting-point combustible granules and the low melting point powder that are in the first molten condition respectively enter in horizontal combustion barrel 7 and mix, the two mixture formed after being sufficiently mixed carries out second melting work, after mixture sequentially passes through First air import 14 and secondary combustion-supporting burner 8, in mixture, moieties forms sticky mass, this sticky mass is discharged in the first useless pond 23 by the first discharge pipe 10, in mixture, all the other materials pass sequentially through after secondary wind tangential entry 13 and multiple air distribution spout 19 fully burning until fixed carbon after-flame, remaining lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustor；
Step 5: waste heat recovery: the remaining lime-ash after step 4 is discharged in the second useless pond 24 by the second discharge pipe 11, and in step 4 process, produced heat is entered by exhanst gas outlet 12 and carries out waste heat recovery in waste-heat recovery device 20 thus carrying out next step UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN work.
Present embodiment is the processing procedure of the mixture between dangerous solid waste and dangerous liquid waste.
Being vertical combustor in vertical combustion barrel 3 in the present invention, horizontal combustion barrel 7 is horizontal combustor, and it is main melter, and the first vertical combustion barrel 3 of thermal source is heated, and horizontal combustion barrel 7 is heated by Secondary Heat Source, and it is second melting room.Smooth combustion district in Vertical Burn cylinder 3 is respectively arranged 2 floor First air spout 5,2 floor or 3 floor overfire air port 6, and its arrangement adopts bituminous coal combustion device to arrange, the corner of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 inner combustion chamber, thus producing powerful stable swirl flow combustion；In horizontal combustion barrel 7, exhanst gas outlet 12 arranges the upside of Horizontal chamber afterbody in an inclined state.Horizontal combustion barrel 7 it is provided with bottom Vertical Burn cylinder 3, the secondary combustion-supporting burner 8 arranged in horizontal combustion barrel 7 and powder burner 9, the molten slag and the not melted flying dust of burning thoroughly out falling into second melting room from main melter is burned, both fusing fly ash can have been avoided incomplete, ensured that slag was in melt flow state.
In the present invention, in vertical combustion barrel 3, each arrangement of burner is the mode that the concentric circle of contact is arranged or the coaxial circle of contact is arranged is that each burner nozzle circle of contact center of circle is identical, and tangential circle diameter is identical or different.The axis of second melting indoor secondary booster burners 8 is arranged and is intersected with the central axis of the second melting room tilted in the horizontal direction.
In the present invention, the connection between vertical combustion barrel 3 and horizontal combustion barrel 7 does not need separator, stable cyclonic action according to Vertical Burn cylinder 3, hazardous waste granule is through elongated burner, namely, after Vertical Burn cylinder 3, a part for hazardous waste granule generates this class material of sticky mass and is expelled directly out at the afterbody of Vertical Burn cylinder 3；The particulate matter that another part of hazardous waste granule is imperfect combustion is sufficiently mixed burning along with flue gas and the coal dust newly mixing burning.The waste residue produced and generation sticky mass separately flow in each self-corresponding first useless pond 23 and the second useless pond 24.
High-melting-point flammability hazards refuse lime-ash enters in the main melter of Vertical Burn cylinder 3 through funnel 30, solids 21 that high-melting-point is flammable generates sticky mass through longilineal Vertical Burn cylinder 3 rear portion, and this class material is directly discharged into the first useless pond 23 at the afterbody of Vertical Burn cylinder 3；The initiating terminal of the second melting room that the particulate matter that another part is imperfect combustion is blown in horizontal combustion barrel 7 along with the secondary air that secondary combustion-supporting burner 8 sprays, there is the grey of certain calorific value by what Vertical Burn cylinder 3 burning generated and do not have the melted flying dust of burning thoroughly can be sufficiently mixed burning with the combustion-supporting fuel of flue gas with the low melting point powder and mummification waste liquid and addition of newly mixing burning, combustion-supporting fuel is coal dust or coke, the fugitive constituent of part danger starts pyrolysis and burns, until fixed carbon after-flame, lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustion barrel 7, completely melted material falls into the second useless pond 24 under gravity, thus completing combustion process, waste heat at the afterbody of horizontal combustion barrel 7 passes into waste-heat recovery device 20 by fixed-piping and is used.
In conjunction with beneficial effects of the present invention illustratively embodiment:
Embodiment one:
When individual processing danger solid waste of the present invention, being closed by the waste liquid desiccation apparatus 2 in hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system and process, its concrete processing procedure is as follows:
Step one: preliminary treatment: flammable for high-melting-point solids 21 is put into and carries out preliminary smashing and micronization processes in breaker 1；
Step 2: once melt: the flammable solids 21 of high-melting-point after breaker 1 is processed forms high-melting-point combustible granules and enters Vertical Burn cylinder 3, it is vertical combustor in Vertical Burn cylinder 3, the first vertical combustion barrel 3 of thermal source is heated, and forms the first molten condition under the effect of multiple tops fire air nozzle 4 that high-melting-point combustible granules is arranged on Vertical Burn cylinder 3, multiple First air spout 5, multiple overfire air port 6 and multiple split fire air nozzle 15；
Step 3: second melting: be horizontal combustor in horizontal combustion barrel 7, horizontal combustion barrel 7 is heated by Secondary Heat Source, after being in the high-melting-point combustible granules horizontal combustion barrel 7 of entrance of the first molten condition and sequentially passing through First air import 14 and secondary combustion-supporting burner 8, in high-melting-point combustible granules, moieties forms sticky mass, this sticky mass is discharged in the first useless pond 23 by the first discharge pipe 10, in high-melting-point combustible granules, all the other materials pass sequentially through after secondary wind tangential entry 13 and multiple air distribution spout 19 fully burning until fixed carbon after-flame, remaining lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustor；
Step 4: waste heat recovery: the remaining lime-ash after step 3 is discharged in the second useless pond 24 by the second discharge pipe 11, in step 3 process, produced heat is entered by exhanst gas outlet 12 and carries out waste heat recovery in waste-heat recovery device 20 thus carrying out next step UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN work.
Embodiment two:
When individual processing danger liquid waste of the present invention, being closed by Vertical Burn chamber component and process, its processing procedure is as follows:
Step one: waste liquid mummification: liquid waste 22 forms low melting point powder after the drying and other treatment of waste liquid desiccation apparatus 2, low melting point powder is sprayed in horizontal combustion barrel 7 by powder burner 9；
Step 2: melt-processed: be horizontal combustor in horizontal combustion barrel 7, horizontal combustion barrel 7 is heated by Secondary Heat Source, low melting point powder enters in horizontal combustion barrel 7 and burns, after low melting point powder sequentially passes through First air import 14 and secondary combustion-supporting burner 8, in low melting point powder, moieties forms sticky mass, this sticky mass is discharged in the first useless pond 23 by the first discharge pipe 10, in low melting point powder, all the other materials pass sequentially through after secondary wind tangential entry 13 and multiple air distribution spout 19 fully burning until fixed carbon after-flame, remaining lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustor；
Step 3: waste heat recovery: the remaining lime-ash after step 2 is discharged in the second useless pond 24 by the second discharge pipe 11, in step 2 process, produced heat is entered by exhanst gas outlet 12 and carries out waste heat recovery in waste-heat recovery device 20 thus carrying out next step UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN work.

Claims (9)

  1. null1. a hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system，It is characterized in that: it includes Vertical Burn chamber component、Horizontal combustion-chamber assembly、Breaker (1) and waste liquid desiccation apparatus (2)，Described Vertical Burn chamber component includes Vertical Burn cylinder (3)，Described Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is vertically arranged，The top of described Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is communicated with breaker (1)，On the barrel of described Vertical Burn cylinder (3), processing has multiple tops fire air nozzle (4) successively、Multiple First air spouts (5) and multiple overfire air port (6)，Described horizontal combustion-chamber assembly includes horizontal combustion barrel (7)、Secondary combustion-supporting burner (8)、Powder burner (9)、First discharge pipe (10) and the second discharge pipe (11)，Described horizontal combustion barrel (7) is positioned at the lower section of Vertical Burn cylinder (3) and its one end is connected with Vertical Burn cylinder (3)，Described horizontal combustion barrel (7) processes once wind inlet (14) on the barrel of Vertical Burn cylinder (3) one end，Described secondary combustion-supporting burner (8) is positioned on the barrel of horizontal combustion barrel (7) and arranges near First air import (14)，The other end processing of described horizontal combustion barrel (7) has exhanst gas outlet (12)，Described first discharge pipe (10) arranges near Vertical Burn cylinder (3) and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel (7)，Described second discharge pipe (11) arranges away from Vertical Burn cylinder (3) and its one end is connected with horizontal combustion barrel (7)，On the barrel of described horizontal combustion barrel (7), also processing has secondary wind tangential entry (13)，Described waste liquid desiccation apparatus (2) is positioned at the top of horizontal combustion barrel (7) and it is connected with horizontal combustion barrel (7) by powder burner (9).
  2. 2. a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the barrel of described Vertical Burn cylinder (3), also processing has multiple split fire air nozzle (15).
  3. 3. want a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system described in 2 according to right, it is characterized in that: described Vertical Burn chamber component also includes sealing shroud (16), is provided with sealing shroud (16) between described breaker (1) and Vertical Burn cylinder (3).
  4. 4. a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: described Vertical Burn chamber component also includes at least one breather (17) and at least one air flow valve (18), the top of described Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is communicated with at least one breather (17), when breather (17) is one, this root breather (17) is provided with an air flow valve (18)；When breather (17) is for many, every breather (17) is correspondingly arranged on an air flow valve (18).
  5. 5. want a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system described in 4 according to right, it is characterised in that: one end that described first discharge pipe (10) is connected with horizontal combustion barrel (7) is arranged towards the bottom of Vertical Burn cylinder (3).
  6. 6. a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: on the barrel of described horizontal combustion barrel (7), also processing has multiple air distribution spout (19), multiple air distribution spouts (19) to be close to secondary wind tangential entry (13) setting.
  7. 7. a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system according to claim 1,2,3,5 or 6, it is characterized in that: described Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is square tube or cylinder, when Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is for square tube, the width of square tube and the ratio range of length are 1:5 to 1:7；When Vertical Burn cylinder (3) is for cylinder, the diameter of cylinder and the ratio range of tube length are 1:5 to 1:7.
  8. 8. a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: it also includes waste-heat recovery device (20), and described waste-heat recovery device (20) is connected with exhanst gas outlet (12).
  9. 9. the hazardous waste process recovery method that a kind of hazardous waste whirlwind molten processing system utilized described in claim 8 carries out, it is characterised in that: hazardous waste processes recovery method and comprises the following steps:
    Step one: preliminary treatment: flammable for high-melting-point solids (21) is put into and carries out preliminary smashing and micronization processes in breaker (1)；
    Step 2: once melt: the flammable solids of the high-melting-point (21) after breaker (1) is processed forms high-melting-point combustible granules and enters Vertical Burn cylinder (3), being vertical combustor in Vertical Burn cylinder (3), high-melting-point combustible granules forms the first molten condition under the effect of upper multiple tops fire air nozzle (4), multiple First air spout (5), multiple overfire air port (6) and the multiple split fire air nozzle (15) arranged of Vertical Burn cylinder (3)；
    Step 3: waste liquid mummification: liquid waste (22) forms low melting point powder after the drying and other treatment of waste liquid desiccation apparatus (2), low melting point powder is sprayed in horizontal combustion barrel (7) by powder burner (9)；
    Step 4: second melting: be horizontal combustor in horizontal combustion barrel (7), the high-melting-point combustible granules and the low melting point powder that are in the first molten condition respectively enter in horizontal combustion barrel (7) and mix, the two mixture formed after being sufficiently mixed carries out second melting work, after mixture sequentially passes through First air import (14) and secondary combustion-supporting burner (8), in mixture, moieties forms sticky mass, this sticky mass is discharged in the first useless pond (23) by the first discharge pipe (10), in mixture all the other materials pass sequentially through secondary wind tangential entry (13) and multiple air distribution spout (19) afterwards fully burning until fixed carbon after-flame, remaining lime-ash arrives the end of horizontal combustor；
    Step 5: waste heat recovery: the remaining lime-ash after step 4 is discharged in the second useless pond (24) by the second discharge pipe (11), in step 4 process, produced heat is entered by exhanst gas outlet (12) and carries out waste heat recovery in waste-heat recovery device (20) thus carrying out next step UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN work.
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CN108592634A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of melting of solid sulfur ash cyclone furnace and fume afterheat generating integrated system and method

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CN2521499Y (en) * 2002-01-08 2002-11-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 Garbage incinerator
CN102506433A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-20 中南大学 L-shaped combined high-temperature electronic garbage incinerator
CN202328277U (en) * 2011-11-08 2012-07-11 东南大学 Composite cyclone furnace combustion device for melting flying ash

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US5588381A (en) * 1995-03-07 1996-12-31 Leslie Technologies, Inc. Method and system for burning waste materials
CN2521499Y (en) * 2002-01-08 2002-11-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所 Garbage incinerator
CN102506433A (en) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-20 中南大学 L-shaped combined high-temperature electronic garbage incinerator
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108592634A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of melting of solid sulfur ash cyclone furnace and fume afterheat generating integrated system and method

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