CN113551235B - A garbage crushing incinerator device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a garbage crushing incinerator device, comprising a furnace body, the top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding port and a flue gas outlet, and a blower is provided on the outer side wall; the furnace body is provided with a sieve plate for carrying garbage burning, The sieve plate is provided with a plurality of hollow cylinders distributed in an array, the cylinders are provided with ventilation holes, the sieve plate is provided with an air intake cavity, and the air blower of the blower is communicated with the air intake cavity; The use of the three-dimensional screen provides more air contact area for the crushed waste, which is beneficial to the ventilation of the incinerator, increases the contact with oxygen, and makes the combustion more sufficient, thereby greatly reducing the dioxin produced by insufficient combustion. British and other harmful gases.

Description

A garbage crushing incinerator device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of garbage disposal and incineration devices, in particular to the field of garbage crushing incinerator devices.

Background technique

With the development of urbanization, the pollution of garbage has already caused an impact on the living environment. Due to the widespread lack of facilities for unified treatment of garbage, most rural villagers burn garbage in the open air, which brings secondary pollution to the environment and the occurrence of accidental fires. The problem of garbage disposal has always been a major environmental issue that the world is concerned about; the traditional methods of garbage disposal mainly include landfill and incineration, but landfill requires a lot of land resources, and the amount of leachate produced in the landfill is large. The concentration of harmful substances is high, so only some economically underdeveloped countries use this simple treatment method. Compared with landfill treatment, waste incineration is a better treatment method. Waste incineration is to incinerate waste at a high temperature to chemically decompose it, convert the chemical energy of organic matter in the waste into thermal energy, and at the same time achieve the purpose of waste reduction, recycling and harmlessness. The high-temperature flue gas generated by waste incineration can be recycled as heat energy, and the stable residue can be directly landfilled or used as building materials. After incineration treatment, the bacteria and viruses in the garbage are completely eliminated, various odorous gases are decomposed by high temperature, and the harmful components in the flue gas are discharged after reaching the standard. Waste incineration is one of the most effective ways to deal with waste at present. In economically developed areas with economic conditions, waste calorific value conditions and lack of sanitary landfill resources, the technology of waste incineration has developed rapidly, and its application scale in the urban waste treatment industry is large. Second only to landfill; the currently used waste incineration is put on the grate in the incinerator for incineration, but when the garbage on the grate is burning, the newly put in the garbage instantly covers the burning Garbage, it is easy to put out the flames, resulting in insufficient incineration of garbage, and insufficient incineration of garbage can easily produce harmful gases such as dioxins; and the ash after incineration is easy to accumulate on the sieve plate, which does not guarantee the effective fall of the ash. This leads to difficulty in ventilation, insufficient air supply, and insufficient combustion of garbage. Usually, the insufficiently burned garbage will agglomerate, which will further block the sieve plate, resulting in a vicious circle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention achieves the above objects through the following technical solutions:

A garbage crushing incinerator device, comprising a furnace body, the top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding port and a flue gas outlet, and a blower is provided on the outer side wall; A plurality of hollow cylinders are arranged in an array on the plate, the cylinders are provided with ventilation holes, the sieve plate is provided with an air intake cavity, and the air blower of the blower is communicated with the air intake cavity.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a stirring member for turning the garbage on the sieve plate is sleeved on the cylinder, and an air outlet pipe is arranged in the stirring member, and the air outlet pipe is tangentially connected with the ventilation hole of the cylinder body, Used to drive the stirring element to rotate.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a filter device for filtering smoke and dust is provided at the flue gas outlet, and the flue gas at the flue gas outlet is filtered by the filter device and communicated with the blower, and mixed with the fresh air at the blower into the intake chamber.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the furnace body is provided with a second baffle plate and a third baffle plate above the sieve plate, one end of the second baffle plate is connected to the inner side wall of the furnace body, and the other end extends upward to the Below the feeding port; one end of the third baffle is connected to the side wall of the furnace body, and the other side extends to the bottom of the end of the second baffle away from the side wall of the furnace body; A first baffle is arranged between the upper part and the feeding port, one end of the first baffle is connected with the upper end of the second baffle, and the other side extends toward the side close to the flue gas outlet; the second baffle and A passage for the trash to fall is formed between adjacent ends of the third baffle member.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a vibration mechanism is provided on the outer side of the furnace body near both ends of the sieve plate, and the vibration mechanism includes a vibration motor fixed on the side wall of the furnace body, and a vibration motor for connecting the vibration motor and the screen The crank connecting rod of the plate, the vibration motor drives the sieve plate to swing up and down through the crank connecting rod.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the furnace body is provided with a groove near the sieve plate, an elastic member is arranged in the groove, the sieve plate is connected with a sliding plate, and the upper and lower ends of the sliding plate are in close contact with the elastic member respectively. .

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the furnace body is provided with a garbage crushing device near the feeding port, the bottom of the garbage crushing device is provided with a sealing door, and the top is provided with a cover for sealing.

As a further optimized solution of the present invention, a pressure valve is arranged at the outlet of the flue gas, and the branch connecting the blower with the outlet of the flue gas is arranged between the pressure valve and the filter device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The present invention will use the three-dimensional screen to provide more air contact area for the pulverized waste, which is beneficial to the ventilation of the incinerator, increases the contact with oxygen, and makes the combustion more sufficient, thereby greatly reducing the combustion failure. Fully produced harmful gases such as dioxins;

2) The application utilizes the backflow of flue gas, utilizes the high temperature carried in the flue gas to increase the maximum temperature during combustion, and utilizes high temperature combustion to fully eliminate dioxin gas;

3) The structure of the baffle plate is used to form a furnace arch structure, which radiates the combustion temperature and promotes full combustion. At the same time, the structural arrangement of the baffle plate can also change the travel path of the flue gas, increase the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace, and reduce the exhaust heat. damage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of sieve plate in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of stirring member in the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Furnace body; 11. Feeding port; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. Filtering device; 14. Groove; 15. Elastic part; 16. Slide plate; 17. Ash hopper; , blower; 3, sieve plate; 31, cylinder; 311, vent hole; 32, air inlet cavity; 33, through hole; 4, stirring piece; 41, air outlet pipe; 51, first baffle plate; 52, second baffle; 53, third baffle; 6, vibration mechanism; 61, vibration motor; 62, crank connecting rod; 7, garbage crushing device; 71, sealing door; 72, cover body; 8, pressure valve.

Detailed ways

The application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the application, and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the application. Those skilled in the art can The above application content makes some non-essential improvements and adjustments to this application.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a garbage pulverizing incinerator device includes a furnace body 1, and the inside of the furnace body 1 is a hollow cavity in the shape of a cuboid. The side wall of the furnace body 1 adopts a double-layer furnace wall structure. The furnace wall is provided with high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation material, which is used to improve the thermal insulation performance of the furnace body 1 and facilitate the full combustion of garbage; the top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a feeding port and a flue gas outlet 12, and a feeding port is provided above the feeding port. In the garbage crushing device, in order to reduce the influence of the furnace body 1 on the garbage crushing device 7, a sealing door 71 is also provided at the feeding port 11, and a cover body 72 is provided at the top; the bottom of the cavity of the furnace body 1 is provided with an ash hopper 17. In addition, the outer bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a universal wheel to facilitate the movement of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is provided with a sieve plate 3, and the sieve plate 3 is evenly distributed with a number of through holes for falling ash. 33; In addition, an igniter 18 is provided above the sieve plate 3 for igniting the garbage accumulated on the sieve plate 3;

When in use, use the garbage crushing device 7 to crush the garbage, open the cover 72, and pour the garbage into the crushing device 7 for crushing. The port 11 enters the furnace body 1, and then falls on the sieve plate 3 in the furnace body 1, and then ignites the garbage through the igniter to start incineration. When the number of ashes in the ash hopper is large, take out the ash hopper and clean the ashes in the ash hopper;

In the prior art, the ventilation openings are usually arranged below the sieve plate, but the ash after incineration is easy to accumulate on the sieve plate 3, and the effective fall of the ash cannot be guaranteed, resulting in difficulty in ventilation, insufficient air supply, and insufficient combustion of the garbage. Usually, the insufficiently burned garbage will agglomerate, thereby further blocking the sieve plate 3, resulting in a vicious circle. Therefore, a vibration mechanism 6 for vibrating the sieve plate 3 is provided on both sides of the furnace body 1. The vibration motor 61 on the outer side wall of the body 1, the crank connecting rod 62 connected with the output shaft of the vibration motor 61, the other end of the crank connecting rod 62 is connected with the sieve plate 3; when in use, the vibration motor 61 rotates to drive the crank connecting rod 62 to move , drive the sieve plate 3 to swing up and down, and then make the incinerator and ash move to a certain extent, which is convenient for the ash to fall through the through holes of the sieve plate 3; reduces the situation that the ash blocks the sieve plate 3 and causes insufficient combustion, so the combustion is more sufficient, It can effectively reduce the emission of polluting gases; at the same time, it also avoids manual cleaning or replacement of filters, saving manpower and material resources and reducing labor;

In order to avoid the influence of the high temperature of the furnace body 1 on the outside due to the existence of the vibration mechanism, on the one hand, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the vibration mechanism, and at the same time, the inner wall of the furnace body 1 near the sieve plate 3 is set to a movable structure. A sliding plate 16 is provided at the connection between the sieve plate 3 and the furnace body 1, the furnace body 1 is respectively provided with grooves 14 near the upper and lower ends of the sliding plate, and an elastic member 15 is embedded in the groove 14. The elastic member 15 can use a coil spring; during assembly, the upper and lower ends of the sliding plate 16 are embedded between the elastic members 15; the above structure can not interfere with the movement of the sieve plate 3, and can prevent the incinerator from falling into the crank connecting rod 62. In the working area of the furnace, and heat insulating material can be provided on the slider to avoid the influence of the crank motor by the high temperature inside the furnace body 1;

Dioxins and other harmful gases are likely to be generated when garbage incineration is insufficient. The effective way to eliminate dioxins and other harmful gases is: 1. Ensure sufficient combustion of garbage and reduce the production of dioxins; 2. Generate a certain amount of dioxins After that, it can be eliminated by high temperature combustion; so as to reduce the emission of harmful gases as much as possible;

Specifically, a plurality of hollow cylinders 31 are vertically arranged on the sieve plate 3, and a plurality of ventilation holes 311 are arranged on the side walls of the cylinder 31, which are used to perfuse fresh air on the sieve plate 3, and pass through the three-dimensional sieve. The plate structure can provide more air contact area for garbage burning, ensure the supply of oxygen, help the garbage to be fully burned, and reduce the generation of dioxin gas when the garbage is not fully burned;

Further, an air intake cavity 32 is arranged in the sieve plate 3, and the air intake cavity 32 is communicated with the column body 31. The main body is sleeved with a stirring member 4. And the stirring rib (not shown in the figure), there is an air outlet pipe 41 in the circular platform, one end of the air outlet pipe 41 is communicated with the vent hole 311 of the cylinder 31, and the other end is communicated with the air outlet; The side of the column body 31 is tangentially vertical; when in use, the fresh air from the outside enters the column body 31 through the air intake cavity in the sieve plate 3, and then sprays out along the air outlet of the stirring piece to provide more fresh air for the garbage combustion. At the same time, under the action of the tangential air outlet pipe, the stirring member 4 rotates, and the stirring ribs on the stirring member are used to turn up the garbage near the bottom of the screen, so that the covered garbage that is not fully burned is easy to be covered. Full combustion is carried out on the sieve plate 3 to reduce the generation of harmful gases;

A blower 2 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the air supply port of the blower 2 is communicated with the air inlet cavity of the sieve plate 3, and provides fresh air to the blower 2;

Since dioxins and other harmful substances are inevitably produced in the garbage furnace, and at the same time, the exhausted flue gas carries a lot of heat, therefore, the flue gas outlet 12 is connected with the air inlet of the blower 2; when in use, the furnace body 1 The flue gas inside is discharged through the flue gas outlet 12, and then the soot in the flue gas is filtered out by the filter device, and then the high-temperature gas is mixed with the fresh air at the blower 2, and then pumped into the air inlet cavity 32 together. On the one hand, the high temperature flue gas is used to heat up the fresh air, which is convenient to increase the temperature in the furnace body 1 and promote the full combustion of the garbage. Emission of harmful gases;

Further, the furnace body 1 is also provided with a first baffle 51 , one end of the first baffle 51 is close to the top of the furnace body 1 , the other end extends downward to the top of the column 31 , and the lower end of the first baffle 51 The second baffle 52 is opposite to each other, and the second baffle 52 is low on the left and high on the right, and the upper plate surface of the first baffle 51 is facing the feeding port at the top of the furnace body 1. In addition, in the first baffle 51 There is a third baffle 53 below the furnace body, one end of the third baffle 53 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the furnace body 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first baffle 51; when in use, the first baffle 51 and the The second baffle 52 is used to guide the material, and the first baffle 51, the third baffle 53 and the second baffle 52 form an inclined furnace arch structure, which is used to radiate the temperature of the waste when it is burning, and lift the waste. The temperature during combustion is convenient for the garbage to be fully burned; at the same time, the three baffle structures are used to change the outflow path of the flue gas and increase the residence time of the flue gas in the furnace body 1. On the one hand, it can reduce the heat loss of the exhaust gas, and on the other hand On the one hand, it promotes the full combustion of the harmful substances in the circulating flue gas and reduces the amount of harmful gases during emission;

In addition, a pressure valve 8 is also provided at the flue gas outlet 12, and the entire furnace body 1 is a relatively closed space, which increases the pressure in the furnace body 1 and promotes the circulating combustion of the flue gas; at the same time, a high pressure is formed above the sieve plate 3. The bottom of the sieve plate 3 forms a low pressure area, so that the ash after the garbage is fully burned can more easily pass through and fall into the ash hopper 17, thereby reducing the blockage of the through holes.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A garbage crushing incinerator device, characterized in that it comprises a furnace body (1), the top of the furnace body (1) is provided with a feeding port (11) and a flue gas outlet (12), and an outer side wall thereof is provided with a feeding port (11) and a flue gas outlet (12). A blower (2); the furnace body (1) is provided with a sieve plate (3) for carrying garbage burning, and a plurality of hollow cylinders (31) arranged in an array on the sieve plate (3) are arranged on the cylinder. A ventilation hole (311) is provided, an air inlet cavity (32) is arranged in the sieve plate (3), the air blower of the blower (2) is communicated with the air inlet cavity (32), and the sieve plate (3) through holes (33) for ash falling are evenly distributed on the upper part away from the air inlet cavity (32); A stirring member (4) for turning the garbage on the sieve plate (3) is sleeved on the cylinder (31), and an air outlet pipe (41) is arranged in the stirring member (4), and the air outlet pipe (41) It is in tangential communication with the ventilation hole (311) of the cylinder (31), and is used to drive the stirring member (4) to rotate; The flue gas outlet (12) is provided with a filter device (13) for filtering smoke and dust, and the flue gas at the flue gas outlet (12) is filtered by the filter device (13) and communicated with the blower (2), and After being mixed with the fresh air at the blower (2), it enters the air intake chamber (32); The furnace body (1) is provided with a second baffle plate (52) and a third baffle plate (53) above the sieve plate (3). The inner side wall is connected, and the other end extends upward to below the feed port (11); one end of the third baffle plate (53) is connected to the side wall of the furnace body (1), and the other side extends to the second baffle plate ( 52) Below the end of the side wall away from the furnace body; a first baffle (51) is provided above the second baffle (52) and between the feeding port (11). One end of (51) is connected to the upper end of the second baffle (52), and the other side extends toward the side close to the flue gas outlet (12); the second baffle (52) and the third baffle (53) are A channel for garbage falling is formed between adjacent ends; A vibration mechanism (6) is provided on the outer side of the furnace body (1) close to both ends of the sieve plate (3), and the vibration mechanism (6) includes a vibration motor (61) fixed on the side wall of the furnace body (1). ), and a crank connecting rod (62) for connecting the vibration motor (61) and the sieve plate (3), the vibration motor (61) drives the sieve plate (3) to swing up and down through the crank connecting rod (62); The side wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a groove (14) close to the sieve plate (3), an elastic member (15) is arranged in the groove (14), and the sieve plate (3) is connected with a sliding plate ( 16), the upper and lower ends of the sliding plate (16) are in close contact with the elastic member (15) respectively. 2 . The garbage pulverizing incinerator device according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace body ( 1 ) is provided with a garbage pulverizing device ( 7 ) near the feeding port ( 11 ), and the garbage pulverizing device The bottom of (7) is provided with a sealing door (71), and the top is provided with a cover (72) for sealing. 3. A garbage pulverizing incinerator device according to claim 2, characterized in that: a pressure valve (8) is provided at the flue gas outlet (12), and the blower (2) is connected to the flue gas outlet (12). ) connected branch is provided between the pressure valve (8) and the filter device (13).

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