The Lactobacillus pentosus of γ-aminobutyric acid and the application in Folium camelliae assamicae produces thereof are produced in one strain
Technical field
The present invention relates to the strain in microorganism field and can produce the Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) of γ-aminobutyric acid and the application in Folium camelliae assamicae produces thereof.
Background technology
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a kind of naturally occurring functional amino.Research shows, γ-aminobutyric acid has reducing blood pressure, improves brain function, strengthens longterm memory and improve the physiologically active such as liver, kidney function.γ-aminobutyric acid is widely present in the animal and plant body of nature, exists only in nervous tissue in animal body, is inhibitory neurotransmitter important in mammalian central nervous, participates in multiple metabolism.γ-aminobutyric acid is to be formed through glutamte dehydrogenase (GAD) decarboxylation by Pidolidone.
Not containing only caffeine in a lot of Folium camelliae assamicaes, and index is far above green tea and oolong tea, in the inspection of " Folium Camelliae sinensis inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture ", the content of caffeine in Folium camelliae assamicae is unexpectedly up to 4.41% (mass/mass percent concentration).In the various Folium Camelliae sinensis being currently known, the content of caffeine of Folium camelliae assamicae is the highest, but after product drink Folium camelliae assamicae (processed), has no effect on the ortho sleep of people.A lot of scholars think, Folium camelliae assamicae in the course of processing repeatedly, affect people sleep main " assailant " caffeine fade away caused by.But finding after Folium camelliae assamicae is carried out chemical analysis, this conclusion is invalid.Answer is that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), because the most basic physiological function of GABA reduces neuronal activity exactly, it is prevented that neurocyte is overheated, plays calm neural function, and then the receptor of caffeine is produced antagonistic action.In other words, it is simply that " effect " of caffeine excitement human central nervous is counteracted by GABA.
The preparation method of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) mainly has chemical synthesis and biological synthesis process two kinds.Chemical synthesis is more common in the report of patent documentation, and relatively costly, yield is relatively low, and often uses dangerous solvents or even toxic solvent in production technology.Therefore, GABA prepared by chemical synthesis cannot be used for field of food, can not be considered as a kind of natural food additive.It is a kind of not only safety, but also the method for low cost that biological synthesis process is compared.Report according to up-to-date research report and patent documentation, microorganism existing application in the preparation of GABA based food that some safeties such as lactic acid bacteria, yeast, aspergillosis are high.On JIUYUE 27th, 2009, ministry of Health of China official approval γ-aminobutyric acid, first milk basic protein, conjugated linoleic acid, conjugation Asia, olein, Lactobacillus plantarum (bacterial strain ST-III), eucommia ulmoides seed oil are new resource food.From then on, for γ-aminobutyric acid, enter a brand-new epoch.
Lactic acid bacteria is a kind of gram positive bacteria, a lot of bacterial strains all have high GAD (glutamate decarboxylase) activity, enrichment can produce GABA, such as LactobacillusplantarumM-10, Lactobacillusacidophilus, Lactobacillusbrevishjxj-01 etc..As assisted fermentation agent, Lactobacillus pentosus has been widely used in the production of the products such as Yoghourt, cheese, ice cream, fermentation meat product, chocolate, bean product.Owing to there is the problem of the synthesis severe reaction conditions of GABA chemical method, natural material costliness and poor stability, hardly result in extensive use.In microorganism, in various lactobacillus, antibacterial, yeast and mycete, all it is found that the existence of GAD at present.
In Folium camelliae assamicae research field, early stage is owing to lacking the systematic study from microorganism specialty angle, the acquisition relative difficult of probiotic bacteria.High speed development along with the maturation of microorganism separation means and modern biotechnology informatics, separate from tradition pile-fermentation sample, purification obtains probiotic strain and is possibly realized in being applied to the production technology of Folium camelliae assamicae, and the development of this quality and Pu-Erh Tea industry for improving Folium camelliae assamicae will play a significant role.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a strain and can produce the Lactobacillus pentosus of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
The Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) that can produce γ-aminobutyric acid provided by the present invention, called after TMCC70009, this bacterial strain was preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3) on 01 06th, 2014, and deposit number is CGMCCNo.8685.
In the 16SrRNA gene order such as sequence table of TMCC70009 bacterial strain shown in sequence 1, it is accredited as the Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) that can produce γ-aminobutyric acid by analysis.
This bacterial strain ISP2 culture medium liquid at 35 DEG C is cultivated 3 days, records its alpha-aminobutyric acid content and reach 1.6 μ g/mL.
The present invention can produce morphological characteristic and the optimum growing condition of Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of γ-aminobutyric acid:
Forming milky bacterium colony, smooth surface after cultivating 72 hours at 35 DEG C of temperature in ISP2 culture medium, bacterium colony is neat, and edge corrugationless, diameter is about 1mm;Examining under a microscope, cell is Long Circle, exists with single or chain;
Also growing under anaerobic, for facultative anaerobe, growth temperature, between 20-50 DEG C, can not grow higher than 55 DEG C.
The present invention can produce Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of γ-aminobutyric acid and be improved the effect of Folium camelliae assamicae quality, can be applicable in the production technology of Folium camelliae assamicae.
Present invention also offers a kind of use and can produce Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of the γ-aminobutyric acid method producing Folium camelliae assamicae, concrete grammar comprises the following steps;
1) Pu'er raw tea is carried out tidewater: Pu'er raw tea is added water to water content and reaches 20%-50% (volume/volume percent concentration, it is preferred to 45%), sterilizing;
2) fermentation: the seed liquor being in Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of growth index phase is inoculated in Pu'er raw tea of tidewater with the inoculum concentration of 2%-10% (weight/volume percent concentration), through the fermentation in 3-4 week at 20-50 DEG C of temperature, carry out moisturizing turning during fermentation week about, obtain Folium camelliae assamicae (processed).
In the production method of above-mentioned Folium camelliae assamicae, described step 2) in the growth index phase refer in ISP2 fluid medium, cultivate 16-18h when anaerobism or amphimicrobian;The inoculum concentration of described seed liquor is preferably 5% (weight/volume percent concentration);Described fermentation temperature is preferably 45 DEG C.
The Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) millet paste produced in aforementioned manners have the pure and fresh fragrance of a flower, flavour alcohol and, levels are rich;After testing, alpha-aminobutyric acid content is 1.5-2.2% (mass/mass percent concentration, as follows), and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is very low in the raw tea of Pu'er, for 4.3mg/100g (0.0043%).In common Folium camelliae assamicae (processed), alpha-aminobutyric acid content is generally 0.32%-0.9%, illustrate that Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 can produce the γ-aminobutyric acid of high concentration, can significantly shorten fermentation period on the one hand, fermentation period is only 3-4 week, the fermentation period of commonsense method is generally 6-8 week, this is because create, under artificial condition, the growing environment that bacterial strain is the suitableeest, microorganism is single and competes without other bacterial strain, enzyme amount secretion abundance.Compensate on the other hand that tradition Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) flavour is flat, the unconspicuous deficiency of fragrance, important function has been played for improving Folium camelliae assamicae quality, this is because this bacterial strain has secreted aroma substance (such as cedrenol, trans-Flos Caryophylli alkene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methyl-ethenylidene)-cyclic ethylene etc.) with Folium Camelliae sinensis for substrate, add special fragrance component;On flavour, owing to avoiding the impact of miscellaneous bacteria, mouthfeel is purer.
The present invention is obtained a strain can be produced Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of γ-aminobutyric acid by traditional plating dilutions coating, primary dcreening operation, the multiple isolation and purification method sieved in traditional wet heap Pu-erh tea fermentation sample.This bacterial strain ISP2 culture medium liquid at 35 DEG C is cultivated 3 days, records its alpha-aminobutyric acid content and reach 1.6 μ g/mL.nullExperiment proves,This bacterial strain is applied in the production of Folium camelliae assamicae,Can significantly shorten fermentation period on the one hand,Fermentation period can foreshorten to 3-4 week,Really the effect of Folium camelliae assamicae quality it is improved on the other hand,The millet paste of the Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) produced with this strain fermentation has the pure and fresh fragrance of a flower、Flavour alcohol and、Levels are rich,Not only compensate for tradition Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) flavour flat、The unconspicuous deficiency of fragrance,Make the quality of Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) at fragrance、Soup color、Flavour is all significantly improved,And make the content of γ-aminobutyric acid up to 1.5-2.2% (mass/mass percent concentration),Make Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) not only have to reduce blood pressure、Improve brain function、Strengthen longterm memory and improve liver、Kidney functions etc. act on,Content as well as γ-aminobutyric acid is higher,Avoid the excited stimulation of caffeine,It is beneficial to sleep of calming the nerves.In addition, amount reproduction along with Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685, the enzyme amount of its secretion also increases, cellulase, saccharifying enzyme effect under, internal substance in Folium Camelliae sinensis is oxidized, decompose, polymerization, the insoluble substance of macromole can be converted into the small-molecule substance of solubility, more enrich the flavour of Folium camelliae assamicae, its abundant enzyme system also inhibits other miscellaneous bacteria particularly minority harmful microbe and grows, and reduces the risk of failure during Pu-erh tea fermentation produces.The exploitation of Folium camelliae assamicae new product is provided important application foundation by the present invention, and the development for Pu-Erh Tea industry provides new microbial resources.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
Detailed description of the invention
Described percent concentration is mass/mass (W/W if no special instructions, unit g/100g) percent concentration, mass/volume (W/V, unit g/100mL) percent concentration or volume/volume (V/V, Unit/mL/100mL) percent concentration.
Described in embodiment to the acquirement approach of various biomaterials be only to provide a kind of approach testing acquisition to reach concrete disclosed purpose, should not become the restriction to biological material source of the present invention.It is true that the source of used biomaterial is widely, any biomaterial that can obtain with moral ethics that keeps on the right side of the law can be replaced according to the prompting in embodiment and use.
Embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention, gives detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, and embodiment will assist in understands the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1, separation, qualification and the preservation of Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of γ-aminobutyric acid can be produced
One, the separation of TMCC70009 bacterial strain and purification
KMB separation and Culture based formulas: peptone 20g, glycerol 10g, K2HPO41.5g, MgSO4.7H2O1.5g, agarose 15g, distilled water 1000mL, pH5.6,121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, standby;
KMB culture medium can be used for separation and the cultivation of Lactobacillus pentosus.
ISP2 pure medium formula: peptone 4g, glucose 4g, yeast extract 5g, agarose 2g, distilled water 1000mL, pH natural (6.8-7.3), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 40min, standby;
ISP2 culture medium can be used for the purification of antibacterial, actinomycetes, yeast.
First from traditional wet heap, gather fresh Pu-erh tea fermentation tea sample, obtain 300 strain Lactobacillus pentosus by KMB plate isolation, then be purified with ISP2 culture medium pure medium.Separate, purification process comprises the following steps:
1) the solid medium heating and melting that will prepare, is cooled to about 45 DEG C, pours in sterile petri dish, and every ware is about 20mL, standby after cooling.
2) taking Folium camelliae assamicae sample to be separated, grind, take 1g, join in the test tube equipped with 9mL sterilized water in super-clean bench, bacteria suspension is made in vibration, and concentration is designated as 100。
3) progressively dilute by decimal dilution method, till diluting 7 times.Decimal dilution method refers to that the bacteria suspension concentration of next pipe is 1/10th of a upper pipe.
4) 10 will be labeled as-2、10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7The bacteria suspension of concentration takes 500 μ L respectively and is injected in the culture dish prepared, and uses spreading rod even spread, each concentration three repetition, it is simple to compare.It is positioned under 20-50 DEG C of condition after completing and cultivates, within every 24 hours, observe 1 time;
5) after cultivating 3-7 days, picking list bacterium colony is transferred in fresh ISP2 culture medium and cultivates, and repeatedly line purification is until obtaining purification bacterial strain, called after TMCC70009.
Two, the molecular biology identification of TMCC70009 bacterial strain
In the 16SrRNA gene order such as sequence table of TMCC70009 bacterial strain shown in sequence 1, it is accredited as the Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) that can produce γ-aminobutyric acid by analysis.
Three, the enzyme activity of the polyphenol oxidase that TMCC70009 bacterial strain produces is measured
This bacterial strain ISP2 culture medium liquid at 35 DEG C is cultivated 3 days, records its alpha-aminobutyric acid content and reach 1.6 μ g/mL, and the alpha-aminobutyric acid content that other Lactobacillus pentosus strain produces is typically only 0.1 μ g/mL-1.8 μ g/mL.
Four, the morphological characteristic of TMCC70009 bacterial strain and optimum growing condition
Forming milky bacterium colony, smooth surface after cultivating 72 hours at 35 DEG C of temperature in KMB culture medium, bacterium colony is neat, and edge corrugationless, diameter is about 1mm;Examining under a microscope, cell is Long Circle, exists with single or chain;
Also growing under anaerobic, for facultative anaerobe, growth temperature, between 20-50 DEG C, can not grow higher than 55 DEG C.
Five, the preservation of TMCC70009 bacterial strain
The present invention can produce Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) the TMCC70009 bacterial strain of γ-aminobutyric acid and be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3) on 01 06th, 2014, and deposit number is CGMCCNo.8685.
Embodiment 2: Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of the γ-aminobutyric acid application in Folium camelliae assamicae produces can be produced
Producing Folium camelliae assamicae with Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 that can produce γ-aminobutyric acid, concrete grammar comprises the following steps;
1) Pu'er raw tea is carried out tidewater: Pu'er raw tea is added water to water content and reaches 45% (volume/volume percent concentration, 25%-50%), sterilizing;
2) fermentation: the seed liquor of Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 of growth index phase (cultivating 16-18h when the growth index phase refers to anaerobism or amphimicrobian in ISP2 fluid medium) will be in 5% (2%-10%, weight/volume percent concentration) inoculum concentration be inoculated in Pu'er raw tea of tidewater, through the fermentation in 3-4 week at 45 DEG C of (20-50 DEG C) temperature, carry out moisturizing turning during fermentation week about, obtain Folium camelliae assamicae (processed).
The Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) of big benefit 7572 Folium camelliae assamicae (processed)s in 2012 and the present invention carries out the detection of alpha-aminobutyric acid content, and method is referring to Berthelot colorimetry.
Result is as shown in table 1.
The Quality Detection result (mass/mass percent concentration) of table 1 Folium camelliae assamicae (processed)
Detection project |
Big benefit 7572 Folium camelliae assamicae (processed)s in 2012 |
The Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) of the present invention |
Alpha-aminobutyric acid content |
0.63%-0.86% |
1.5-2.2% |
After testing, alpha-aminobutyric acid content is 1.5-2.2% (mass/mass percent concentration, as follows), and alpha-aminobutyric acid content is very low in the raw tea of Pu'er, for 4.3mg/100g (0.0043%).In common Folium camelliae assamicae (processed), alpha-aminobutyric acid content is generally 0.32%-0.9%, illustrate that Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685 can produce the γ-aminobutyric acid of high concentration, can significantly shorten fermentation period on the one hand, fermentation period is only 3-4 week, the fermentation period of commonsense method is generally 6-8 week, this is because create, under artificial condition, the growing environment that bacterial strain is the suitableeest, microorganism is single and competes without other bacterial strain, enzyme amount secretion abundance.The Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) millet paste produced in aforementioned manners on the other hand have the pure and fresh fragrance of a flower, flavour alcohol and, levels are rich, Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) flavour is flat, the unconspicuous deficiency of fragrance to compensate for tradition, important function has been played for improving Folium camelliae assamicae quality, this is because this bacterial strain has secreted certain aroma substance with Folium Camelliae sinensis for substrate, add special fragrance component;On flavour, owing to avoiding the impact of miscellaneous bacteria, mouthfeel is purer.γ-aminobutyric acid makes Folium camelliae assamicae (processed) not only have reducing blood pressure, improves brain function, strengthens longterm memory and improve the effect such as liver, kidney function, the content as well as γ-aminobutyric acid is higher, it is to avoid the excited stimulation of caffeine, is beneficial to sleep of calming the nerves.In addition, amount reproduction along with Lactobacillus pentosus (Lactobacilluspentosus) TMCC70009CGMCCNo.8685, the enzyme amount of its secretion also increases, cellulase, saccharifying enzyme effect under, internal substance in Folium Camelliae sinensis is oxidized, decompose, polymerization, the insoluble substance of macromole can be converted into the small-molecule substance of solubility, more enrich the flavour of Folium camelliae assamicae, its abundant enzyme system also inhibits other miscellaneous bacteria particularly minority harmful microbe and grows, and reduces the risk of failure during Pu-erh tea fermentation produces.The exploitation of Folium camelliae assamicae new product is provided important application foundation by the present invention, and the development for Pu-Erh Tea industry provides new microbial resources.