CN105754849B - A kind of total plate count test piece, preparation method and applications - Google Patents
A kind of total plate count test piece, preparation method and applications Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of total plate count test piece, preparation method and its application in terms of total plate count in detecting food, belong to technical field of food detection.The test piece is made up of the sticking transparent plastic upper layer film in inner side, the plastics middle plate with void region, the bottom plate that is printed with grid.Upper layer film inboard scribbles compound cold water soluble gel, and total plate count detection culture medium is filled with middle plate void region.Red colonies are presented on test piece in bacterial clump after carrying out total plate count measure, and the test piece for selecting clump count moderate is counted.The advantage of the invention is that the test piece is after sample liquid to be checked is added, composite cold hydrogel adhesive forms dense form network gel with nutrient media components, growth promoter, which has, in culture medium promotes and repairs bacterial growth effect, and developer, raising agent and surfactant are uniformly distributed beneficial to sample liquid, bacterium colony is formed and counted with visual.Total plate count in food is determined using the test piece, program is easy, bacterium colony colour generation is clear, it is accurate to count.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of food detection, and in particular to a kind of total plate count test piece, preparation method and its
Detect the application in terms of total plate count in food.
Background technology
Total plate count is to reflect the important indicator of food hygiene quality, for judging degree that food is contaminated by bacterial.Bacterium
It is the multiclass such as China's cooked meat product, aquatic product, cereal product, instant fruit and vegetable product, instant seasoning product, beverage to fall sum measure
Testing index in agricultural product and food inspection standard, and the important monitoring project of food risk profile and hazard evaluation.Mesh
Preceding GB 4789.2《National food safety standard food microbiological examination total plate count determines》Using colony counting method, the party
Method needs to carry out the work such as culture medium preparation, sterilizing, glassware cleaning, and program is cumbersome, and workload is big.Microorganism testing slice class
Detection product eliminates a large amount of auxiliary works such as the cleaning treatment for preparing culture medium, sterilization and culture vessel, counts just
Victory, using only needs 3 simple steps：Sample preparation, Multiplying culture and counting, it is domestic and international progress microorganism pollution
Count and determine best detection product.
In existing commercialization microorganism testing slice detection product, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company is using cold water solubles gel as carrier
PetrifilmTMTest piece is taken its place in the front ranks of the world always, and the comparison used all over the world is more, and domestic test flake products are mainly
By Guangzhou oasis is biochemical and the test flake products using non-woven fabrics as carrier of the research and development such as Beijing overpass Science and Technology Ltd., additionally
There are some test pieces to be in research and development and small range service stage.Although these test pieces have convenient and practical outstanding advantage,
Test piece still suffers from some shortcomings as the new technology of microorganism detection, in bacterial growth, the diffusion of bacterium colony colour generation and accurate counting
Etc. technical bottleneck still need effective solution.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate, cheap, accurate total plate count cold water of detection
Gel tests piece, and by the sticking transparent plastic upper layer film in inner side, (such as transparency is high, nontoxic nonirritant gas successively for the test piece
The PET pellosils of taste, waterproof and breathable, thickness are 0.05mm~0.10mm), plastics middle plate (such as hardness with void region
Preferable polypropylene plastics flitch or PET plate, thickness are 0.15mm~0.30mm), be printed with grid bottom plate (such as waterproof,
Impermeable white art paper, thickness are 0.10mm~0.20mm) composition；The resistant to elevated temperatures temperature of above material is 130 DEG C~150
℃；The void region of plastics middle plate is the ratio of circular, ellipse or square structure, void region area and middle level plate suqare
Scope is 1：1.6~2.7, be filled with total plate count color developing detection culture medium in void region, transparent plastic upper layer film it is interior
Side is coated with compounding cold water soluble gel.
Total plate count color developing detection culture medium in addition to basal medium tryptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, glucose,
Separately add developer TTC (2,3,5 triphenyltetrazolium chlorid), somatomedin Sodium Pyruvate, surface active agent tween
80th, mannitol and raising agent bean dregs；Wherein prepared by raising agent bean dregs oneself：Fresh bean dreg is placed in into 50~60 DEG C of thermostatic drying chambers to dry
After dry, grind, cross 100~120 mesh sieves.
Compounding cold water soluble gel is tieed up plain sodium by guar gum, Sodium Polyacrylate and carboxymethyl and formed.
Total plate count color developing detection culture medium composition by weight is：15~30g of tryptone, 5~15g of yeast extract, chlorination
5~10g of sodium, 1~5g of glucose, 1~3g of Sodium Pyruvate, 1~3g of mannitol, 1~3mL of Tween 80,0.2~0.5g of TTC,
3~10g of bean dregs.
Compounding cold water soluble gel weight component is：Guar gum 8g, 1~2g of Sodium Polyacrylate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose
1~2g.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned total plate count test piece, and its step is as follows：
(1) prepared by culture medium dry powder
By 15~30g of tryptone, 5~15g of yeast extract, 5~10g of sodium chloride, 1~5g of glucose, 3~10g of bean dregs
Be added in 90mL distilled water, heating, after stirring and dissolving, add 1~3g of Sodium Pyruvate, 1~3g of mannitol, Tween 80 1~
3mL stirring and dissolvings, pH to 6.8~7.2 is adjusted, 121 DEG C of 15~20min of autoclaving, is cooled to 45~55 DEG C；By TTC 0.2
After~0.5g is dissolved with 10mL distilled water, it is added in foregoing culture medium, stirs and evenly mixs after 0.22 μm of condition filter is degerming.
Above-mentioned culture medium solution is put into 45~50 DEG C of sterile drying boxes and dried, grind into powder, crosses 100~120 mesh point
Son sieve, it is standby.
(2) cold water gel is compounded to prepare
Cold water gel guar gum, Sodium Polyacrylate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are distinguished into grind into powder, cross 100~120
Mesh molecular sieve, by 8：1~2：1~2 part by weight fully mixes.
(3) preparation of total plate count test piece
Upper strata, middle level and bottom plate material are cut into it is onesize, using polyacrylic resin pressure sensitive adhesive (transparent, nothing
It is malicious, tasteless, sterile) by one side closed bonding；
By above-mentioned compounding cold water solubles gel powder, the inner side sticking one of transparent plastic upper layer film is equably coated in
Face, thickness are 0.10mm~0.20mm, then take above-mentioned test piece after 15~20min of autoclaving under the conditions of 121 DEG C
Go out to be cooled to room temperature.
First uniform polyacrylic acid coating resin pressure-sensitive glue, thickness are on bottom plate corresponding to middle plate void region
0.05mm~0.10mm, then total plate count color developing detection culture medium powder is filled in the void region of middle plate, thickness is
0.10mm~0.20mm；
Finally will test piece sterile vacuum packaging.
(4) using the operating procedure of test piece measure total plate count
Solid or semi-solid sample：Weighing 25g food samples to be checked, (food to be checked can be ready-to-eat food, ripe grain
Solid or the semi-solid samples such as product, instant fruit and vegetable product, instant bean product) be placed in fill 225mL physiological saline it is sterile
In matter cup, 8000r/min~10000r/min homogeneous 1min~2min, mass ratio 1 is made：The 10 even liquid of sample.
Fluid sample：Drawing 25mL food samples to be checked with aseptic straw, (food to be checked can be beverage, instant seasoning product
Deng fluid sample) it is placed in the sterile conical flask for filling 225mL physiological saline, fully mix, volume ratio 1 is made：10 sample
Even liquid.
1 is drawn with 1mL pipettors：The even liquid 1mL of sample after 10, slowly noted along tube wall in filling 9mL normal saline dilutions
In the sterile test tube of liquid, it is well mixed, volume ratio 1 is made：The 100 even liquid of sample.Further 10 times of gradient dilutions, prepare series
The even liquid of sample of 10 times of dilutions, it is standby.
According to the estimation to sample pollution situation, the even liquid of sample of 2~3 acceptable diluent degree is selected, raises system of the present invention
The upper layer film of standby total plate count test piece, takes the even liquid 1mL of above-mentioned sample to add in the void region that middle plate contains culture medium,
The even liquid of sample is set to be uniformly distributed in whole cultivation region.Upper layer film is slowly fallen, avoids extruding, standing 30s cold water to be compounded can
Solubleness gel and water cure, 37 DEG C of culture 48h of incubator are put into, according to the assay method of state food safety standard total plate count
The method of counting of middle total plate count is counted.Each dilution factor does two test pieces, meanwhile, 1mL physiological saline is drawn respectively
Dilution adds two test pieces (without sample is added) and makees blank control.
What the present invention developed is the total plate count test piece based on cold water soluble gel, compared with similar products, prominent
Advantage is the test piece total plate count culture medium by basal medium, somatomedin, developer, surfactant and loose
Agent forms, and the present invention tests piece based on total plate count prepared by said components, adds food samples dilution (food to be checked to be checked
It can be the multiclass such as ready-to-eat food, ripe cereal product, instant fruit and vegetable product, instant bean product, beverage, instant seasoning product food
Product) behind middle plate culture region, raising agent bean dregs and the other components of culture medium and the compounding on upper strata in middle plate culture medium
Cold water soluble gel mixes, and forms that stable, hole is moderate and solidifying with fine and close mesh space in gel water absorption course
Micelle colloid, the bacterial growth being especially suitable under test piece environment are formed with bacterium colony；Raising agent and surfactant are additionally favorable for be checked
Sample liquid is uniformly distributed, permeated, bacterium colony is formed and counted with visual, can make color developing effect more preferable after being mixed with developer, bacterium colony size
It is moderate, it is easier to recognize；Except the screening for carrying out basal nutrient component is also entered to somatomedin, surfactant in culture medium
Row screening, the surface active agent tween 80 with infiltration and emulsification are advantageous to sample liquid to be checked with sweet dew alkoxide component and add culture
It is uniformly distributed behind area, exists plus with the somatomedin Sodium Pyruvate promoted and repairing damage bacterial growth acts on, bacterium
Well breed in incubation；The present invention has also selected conventional total plate count measure culture medium developer TTC, according to visual effect
Fruit and scope of restraining fungi, its content is optimized, reaches good color developing effect, bacterial clump exists after carrying out total plate count measure
Red colonies are presented on test piece, the test piece for selecting clump count moderate is counted.Detected using the total plate count of this patent
The scraps of paper and current GB 4789.2《National food safety standard food microbiological examination total plate count determines》It is required that detection multiclass
Total plate count in food, program is easy, bacterium colony colour generation is clear, it is accurate to count.This test piece will be in agricultural product and food production
There is more wide application prospect in enterprise's exfactory inspection, health and epidemic prevention, market surveillance, commodity inspection and inlet and outlet quarantine field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Total plate count tests chip architecture schematic diagram.
As shown in figure 1, each branch is：Label 1 (sticked in test piece side with this product title, sample title,
The label 1 of detection time), upper strata overlay 2, the plastics middle plate 3 with void region, (the void region of cultivation region 4
For cultivation region), bottom plate 5.
Embodiment
The total plate count of embodiment 1 determines the preparation of culture medium
On the basis of basal medium screening, further more different somatomedin, surfactant, loose
Agent, developer optimize to test piece colony growth, colour developing, the influence counted to content.
We determined that the original weight component of total plate count color developing detection culture medium：Tryptone 20g, glucose
2.5g, yeast extract 5g, sodium chloride 5g, bean dregs 6g, mannitol 1g, Sodium Pyruvate 1g, Tween 80 1mL, TTC 0.3g.
The preparation method of total plate count color developing detection culture medium is：
20g tryptones, 5g yeast extracts, 5g sodium chloride, 2.5g glucose, 6g bean dregs are added to 90mL distilled water
In, after heating, stirring and dissolving, 1g Sodium Pyruvates, 1g mannitol, 1mL Tween 80 stirring and dissolvings are added, with 1mol/L hydroxides
Sodium or 1mol/L salt acid for adjusting pH are cooled to room temperature to 7.0,121 DEG C of autoclaving 15min；Separately 0.3g TTC is steamed with 10mL
After distilled water dissolving, with being added to after filtration sterilization under the conditions of 0.22 μm of disposable filter in foregoing culture medium, stir and evenly mix.
Above-mentioned solution is put into 50 DEG C of sterile oven drying, grind into powder, crosses 120 mesh molecular sieves, standby.
Compounding the preparation method of cold water soluble gel is：
Cold water soluble gel guar gum, Sodium Polyacrylate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are distinguished into grind into powder, cross 120
Mesh molecular sieve, by 8g：1g：1g part by weight fully mixes, standby.
The total plate count of embodiment 2 tests the preparation of piece
1) piece is tested by up of three layers, the respectively polypropylene plastics of upper strata PET pellosils, middle level with void region
Plate, bottom plate white boxes art paper.Three parts are cut into 11cm × 9cm, and middle void region (7cm × 7cm) is glued with bottom plate
Cultivation region is synthesized, light orange 1cm × 1cm grid is printed on cardboard, it is convenient to count.By upper, middle, and lower part polyacrylic acid
Resin pressure-sensitive glue is bonded to each other by a lateral edges, and bonding width is 5mm.
2) cold water solubles gel powder will be compounded, is equably coated in upper layer film inboard, thickness 0.15mm, per built-in testing piece
Cold water gel quality is 0.2g；Above-mentioned test piece is put into autoclave after 121 DEG C of autoclaving 15min, is cooled to room temperature.
3) sterile transparent polyacrylic resin pressure sensitive adhesive is first being uniformly coated with corresponding to the void region of middle level on bottom plate
0.2g, then take culture medium dry powder 0.2g to be added into cultivation region.
4) during specimen preparation is surveyed each link to ensure it is sterile.
5) asepsis vacuum packing is standby.
Embodiment 3 determines total plate count method in food using piece is tested
1) food samples 25g to be checked (measuring samples are the solid foods such as cooked meat product, biscuit) is weighed with sterile working
Matter or food samples to be checked (measuring samples are the liquid foods such as beverage) 25mL are added to the sterile taper of 225mL physiological saline
In bottle, fully mix, be made 1：The 10 even liquid of sample.
2) 1 is drawn with 1mL micropipettors：The even liquid 1mL of 10 samples, slowly noted along tube wall dilute in filling 9mL physiological saline
In the sterile test tube for releasing liquid, it is well mixed, is made 1：The 100 even liquid of sample.Further 10 times of gradient dilutions, are prepared 1：
1000、1：10000、1：100000 serial dilutions.It is standby.
3) taking food samples dilution to be checked, (five kinds of dilutions that steps 1 and 2 obtain, the few fluid sample of bacteria containing amount is as drunk
Stoste can be used directly in material) 1mL, raises the upper layer film of test piece, adds in culture base region, sample liquid is uniformly distributed in entirely
Cultivation region, upper film is slowly fallen, avoids finger from extruding, stood 30s and treat gel solidification, be put into 37 DEG C of culture 48h of incubator.Often
Individual dilution factor does two test pieces, meanwhile, two test pieces of 1mL physiological saline addition are drawn respectively makees blank control.
4) the test piece of culture is put into aseptic operating platform, observes it whether there is red colonies, and red colonies are counted.
Method of counting is counted according to standard GB/T 4789.2.
If clump count is all higher than 300CFU on the test piece of all dilution factors, dilution factor highest test piece is counted
Number, other test pieces can record as that can not count more, and being as a result multiplied by highest extension rate by average colony number calculates.
If the test piece clump count of all dilution factors is respectively less than 30CFU, should multiply by the minimum average colony number of dilution factor
Calculated with extension rate.
If all dilution factors (including fluid sample stoste) test piece without colony growth, minimum dilute to be multiplied by less than 1
Release multiple calculating.
If for the test piece clump count of all dilution factors not between 30CFU~300CFU, a portion is less than 30CFU
Or during more than 300CFU, then extension rate is multiplied by with the average colony number closest to 30CFU or 300CFU and calculated.
Embodiment 4：Total plate count test piece measure effect assessment
1) measure of piece method detection different experiments bacterial strain total plate count is tested
Total plate count test piece is prepared by embodiment 2, it is standby.
Escherichia coli, salmonella, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa inoculation are taken respectively
In 100mL LB fluid nutrient mediums, (yeast extract 0.5g, peptone 1.0g, sodium chloride 0.5g, 100mL distilled water, pH value are
7.0) in, 37 DEG C of culture 12h in constant incubator are put into, takes 1mL bacterium solutions to add 9mL physiological saline and mixes, dilution 1 is made,
Bacterium solution is diluted to the dilution factor (concentration 10 suitably counted by operation more than repeating0~102CFU/mL), each strain take 1mL according to
Method in embodiment 3 uses test piece measure total plate count.Simultaneously according to standard GB/T 4789.2《Food security country
Standard food microbiological Test total plate count determines》Nutrient agar panel bacterium colony counting is carried out, it is secondary to repeat to test.Detection
Results averaged, it is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Test the total plate count of piece method detection different experiments bacterial strain
2) in food samples total plate count measure
Weigh 25g or draw 25mL food samples, add 225mL sterile salines, patted with slap type homogenizer mixed
It is even, it is made 1：The even liquid of 10 samples.Take 1：10 dilution 1mL is added in 9mL physiological saline, is fully mixed, is made 1：100
Dilution, repeat operation above and sample liquid is diluted to 3 dilution factor suitably counted (concentration 100~102CFU/mL), according to
The method of embodiment 3 carries out total plate count measure, compares test piece measure and the degree of conformity of national standard method measurement result, enters
Row statistical analysis.Test the interpretation of result such as table 2 of total plate count and national standard method measure in piece measure different food products sample.
Table 2：Test the experimental result of total plate count in piece detection food
Shown by table 1, the result of table 2, the test piece measure total plate count developed using the present invention is put down with national standard nutrient agar
Plate count results coincidence rate is good, and two groups of data are after SPSS softwares carry out data analysis without significant difference.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of total plate count tests piece, it is characterised in that：From top to bottom successively by the sticking transparent plastic upper layer film in inner side,
Plastics middle plate with void region, the bottom plate composition for being printed with grid；Developed the color in void region filled with total plate count
Culture medium is detected, the inner side of transparent plastic upper layer film is coated with compounding cold water soluble gel；Total plate count color developing detection culture
The composition by weight of base is 15~30g of tryptone, 5~15g of yeast extract, 5~10g of sodium chloride, 1~5g of glucose, pyruvic acid
1~3g of sodium, 1~3g of mannitol, 1~3mL of Tween 80,0.2~0.5g of TTC, 3~10g of bean dregs compositions；Compound cold water soluble
The composition by weight of gel is to be made up of guar gum 8g, 1~2g of Sodium Polyacrylate and 1~2g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
A kind of 2. total plate count test piece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Transparent plastic upper layer film is transparency
It is high, nontoxic have no irritating odor, the PET pellosils of waterproof and breathable, thickness is 0.05mm~0.10mm.
A kind of 3. total plate count test piece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Plastics middle plate is that hardness is preferably poly-
Acrylic panel or PET plate, thickness are 0.15mm~0.30mm.
A kind of 4. total plate count test piece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bottom plate is waterproof, impermeable white
Art paper, thickness are 0.10mm~0.20mm.
A kind of 5. total plate count test piece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Upper layer film, middle plate and the resistance to height of bottom plate
The temperature of temperature is 130 DEG C~150 DEG C.
A kind of 6. total plate count test piece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The void region of plastics middle plate is circle
The proportion of shape, ellipse or square structure, void region area and middle level plate suqare is 1：1.6~2.7.
7. a kind of preparation method of total plate count test piece described in claim 1, its step are as follows：
(1) prepared by culture medium dry powder
15~30g of tryptone, 5~15g of yeast extract, 5~10g of sodium chloride, 1~5g of glucose, 3~10g of bean dregs are added
Into 90mL distilled water, after heating, stirring and dissolving, 1~3g of Sodium Pyruvate, 1~3g of mannitol, 1~3mL of Tween 80 are added
Stirring and dissolving, pH to 6.8~7.2 is adjusted, 121 DEG C of 15~20min of autoclaving, is cooled to 45~55 DEG C；By TTC 0.2~
After 0.5g is dissolved with 10mL distilled water, it is added in foregoing culture medium, stirs and evenly mixs after 0.22 μm of condition filter is degerming；
Above-mentioned culture medium solution is put into 45~50 DEG C of sterile drying boxes and dried, grind into powder, crosses 100~120 mesh molecules
Sieve；
(2) cold water gel is compounded to prepare
Cold water gel guar gum, Sodium Polyacrylate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are distinguished into grind into powder, cross 100~120 mesh point
Son sieve, by 8：1~2：1~2 part by weight fully mixes；
(3) preparation of total plate count test piece
Upper strata, middle level and bottom plate material are cut into it is onesize, will be one side closed viscous using polyacrylic resin pressure sensitive adhesive
Close；
By above-mentioned compounding cold water solubles gel powder, the sticking one side in inner side of transparent plastic upper layer film is equably coated in, it is thick
Spend for 0.10mm~0.20mm, then by above-mentioned test piece after 15~20min of autoclaving under the conditions of 121 DEG C, taking-up cooling
To room temperature；
First in uniform polyacrylic acid coating resin pressure-sensitive glue on bottom plate corresponding to middle plate void region, thickness for 0.05mm~
0.10mm, then total plate count color developing detection culture medium powder is filled in the void region of middle plate, thickness be 0.10mm~
0.20mm；
(4) finally will test piece sterile vacuum packaging.
A kind of 8. application of total plate count test piece in terms of total plate count in detecting food described in claim 1.
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