CN105754337A - 一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料及其制备方法，由聚苯胺、二甲基乙酰胺、纳米碳化硅、碳纳米管、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、硅烷偶联剂和二氧化硅溶胶制备而成，将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中搅拌形成混合液，加入二甲基乙酰胺，搅拌至完全溶解，冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠进行反应，加热搅拌，加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌进行反应，超声处理，冷却后，快速搅拌，同时缓慢加入碳纳米管和二氧化硅溶胶进行反应，冷却至室温，在玻璃板上涂膜，阶段升温处理，冷却后，取出于水中浸泡，脱模晾干，即可。本发明纳米复合薄膜材料具有很好的耐热性能以及优异的电绝缘性，可操作性和稳定性高，适合做电子器件的绝缘膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米薄膜材料领域，具体是一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
电容器分为超级电容器和普通电容器，在通讯、信息储存、电动汽车等领域具有广泛的应用。目前应用最广泛的电容器为双电层电容器，双电层电容器主要是由两个固体多孔碳电极组成，其电容的产生主要基于多孔碳电极/电解液相界面上电荷分离所形成的双电层电容，这种电容器的缺点是使用寿命短，而且电容量不大，无法满足电器快速发展的需要。目前正在逐渐发展的是法拉第电容器，法拉第电容器是由过渡金属氧化物和导电聚合物电极组成，其电容的产生是基于电活性离子在电极表面上或体相中的二维或准二维空间上发生活性材料的欠电位沉积或氧化还原反应而产生的吸附电容，这种电容器具有寿命长、电容量大的优点。但是目前制造法拉第电容器所使用的材料成本高，而且使用效果并没有达到很好的预期目的。因此需要对现有的法拉第电容器的电极材料以及表面的覆膜进行改进，从而满足实际的需要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺48～54％，二甲基乙酰胺8～12％，纳米碳化硅6～8％，碳纳米管6～8％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2～4％，硅烷偶联剂8～10％，二氧化硅溶胶12～14％。
作为本发明进一步的方案：具体由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺51％，二甲基乙酰胺10％，纳米碳化硅7％，碳纳米管7％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠3％，硅烷偶联剂9％，二氧化硅溶胶13％。
一种所述的用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)按配比称取上述各原料，备用；
(2)将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中，充分搅拌形成混合液，将二甲基乙酰胺加入聚苯胺混合液中，搅拌至完全溶解，在2～4℃的冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠，反应6～8h，得到高粘度混合液A；
(3)将混合液加热到50～60℃，搅拌的同时缓慢加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌18～20h充分反应，并在超声波中处理20～30min，冷却至室温，得到混合液B；
(4)对混合液B进行快速搅拌，搅拌的同时加入碳纳米管，待碳纳米管加完后，再缓慢加入二氧化硅溶胶，并加热至30～36℃，继续搅拌16～18h，冷却至室温，得混合液C；
(5)将混合液C在干净的玻璃板上涂膜，然后阶段升温处理：80℃，lh→100℃，1h→150℃，lh→200℃，lh→250℃，lh→300℃，1h；冷却后得到复合薄膜；
(6)将冷却后的玻璃板取出，在蒸馏水中浸泡，脱模，晾干，即可。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明纳米复合薄膜材料具有很好的耐热性能以及优异的电绝缘性，能增大电容量器的电容量，使用寿命长，可操作性和稳定性高，成本低，制作工艺简单，适合做电子器件的绝缘膜。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺50％，二甲基乙酰胺12％，纳米碳化硅6％，碳纳米管8％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2％，硅烷偶联剂10％，二氧化硅溶胶12％。
上述纳米复合薄膜材料的制备步骤如下：
(1)按配比称取上述各原料，备用；
(2)将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中，充分搅拌形成混合液，将二甲基乙酰胺加入聚苯胺混合液中，搅拌至完全溶解，在2℃的冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠，反应8h，得到高粘度混合液A；
(3)将混合液加热到50℃，搅拌的同时缓慢加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌20h充分反应，并在超声波中处理30min，冷却至室温，得到混合液B；
(4)对混合液B进行快速搅拌，搅拌的同时加入碳纳米管，待碳纳米管加完后，再缓慢加入二氧化硅溶胶，并加热至30℃，继续搅拌18h，冷却至室温，得混合液C；
(5)将混合液C在干净的玻璃板上涂膜，然后阶段升温处理：80℃，lh→100℃，1h→150℃，lh→200℃，lh→250℃，lh→300℃，1h；冷却后得到复合薄膜；
(6)将冷却后的玻璃板取出，在蒸馏水中浸泡，脱模，晾干，即可。
实施例2
用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺51％，二甲基乙酰胺10％，纳米碳化硅7％，碳纳米管7％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠3％，硅烷偶联剂9％，二氧化硅溶胶13％。
上述纳米复合薄膜材料的制备步骤如下：
(1)按配比称取上述各原料，备用；
(2)将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中，充分搅拌形成混合液，将二甲基乙酰胺加入聚苯胺混合液中，搅拌至完全溶解，在3℃的冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠，反应7h，得到高粘度混合液A；
(3)将混合液加热到55℃，搅拌的同时缓慢加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌19h充分反应，并在超声波中处理25min，冷却至室温，得到混合液B；
(4)对混合液B进行快速搅拌，搅拌的同时加入碳纳米管，待碳纳米管加完后，再缓慢加入二氧化硅溶胶，并加热至33℃，继续搅拌17h，冷却至室温，得混合液C；
(5)将混合液C在干净的玻璃板上涂膜，然后阶段升温处理：80℃，lh→100℃，1h→150℃，lh→200℃，lh→250℃，lh→300℃，1h；冷却后得到复合薄膜；
(6)将冷却后的玻璃板取出，在蒸馏水中浸泡，脱模，晾干，即可。
实施例3
用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺52％，二甲基乙酰胺8％，纳米碳化硅8％，碳纳米管6％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠4％，硅烷偶联剂8％，二氧化硅溶胶14％。
上述纳米复合薄膜材料的制备步骤如下：
(1)按配比称取上述各原料，备用；
(2)将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中，充分搅拌形成混合液，将二甲基乙酰胺加入聚苯胺混合液中，搅拌至完全溶解，在4℃的冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠，反应6h，得到高粘度混合液A；
(3)将混合液加热到60℃，搅拌的同时缓慢加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌18h充分反应，并在超声波中处理20min，冷却至室温，得到混合液B；
(4)对混合液B进行快速搅拌，搅拌的同时加入碳纳米管，待碳纳米管加完后，再缓慢加入二氧化硅溶胶，并加热至36℃，继续搅拌16h，冷却至室温，得混合液C；
(5)将混合液C在干净的玻璃板上涂膜，然后阶段升温处理：80℃，lh→100℃，1h→150℃，lh→200℃，lh→250℃，lh→300℃，1h；冷却后得到复合薄膜；
(6)将冷却后的玻璃板取出，在蒸馏水中浸泡，脱模，晾干，即可。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，其特征在于，由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺48～54％，二甲基乙酰胺8～12％，纳米碳化硅6～8％，碳纳米管6～8％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2～4％，硅烷偶联剂8～10％，二氧化硅溶胶12～14％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料，其特征在于，具体由以下质量分数的原料制备而成：聚苯胺51％，二甲基乙酰胺10％，纳米碳化硅7％，碳纳米管7％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠3％，硅烷偶联剂9％，二氧化硅溶胶13％。
3.一种如权利要求1或所述的用于电容器的纳米复合薄膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
(1)按配比称取上述各原料，备用；
(2)将聚苯胺溶于乙醇中，充分搅拌形成混合液，将二甲基乙酰胺加入聚苯胺混合液中，搅拌至完全溶解，在2～4℃的冰水浴中缓慢加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠，反应6～8h，得到高粘度混合液A；
(3)将混合液加热到50～60℃，搅拌的同时缓慢加入纳米碳化硅和硅烷偶联剂，继续搅拌18～20h充分反应，并在超声波中处理20～30min，冷却至室温，得到混合液B；
(4)对混合液B进行快速搅拌，搅拌的同时加入碳纳米管，待碳纳米管加完后，再缓慢加入二氧化硅溶胶，并加热至30～36℃，继续搅拌16～18h，冷却至室温，得混合液C；
(5)将混合液C在干净的玻璃板上涂膜，然后阶段升温处理：80℃，lh→100℃，1h→150℃，lh→200℃，lh→250℃，lh→300℃，1h；冷却后得到复合薄膜；
(6)将冷却后的玻璃板取出，在蒸馏水中浸泡，脱模，晾干，即可。
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| CN108586812A (zh) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 太仓美克斯机械设备有限公司 | 一种溶胶分散液的制备方法及其应用 |
| CN109852972A (zh) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-07 | 河北工业大学 | 一种防腐碳纳米管/硅烷复合超疏水涂层及制备方法 |
| CN113096966A (zh) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 广德天运新技术股份有限公司 | 基于二氧化硅的高比容量超级电容器电极材料及制备方法 |
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| CN113096966A (zh) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 广德天运新技术股份有限公司 | 基于二氧化硅的高比容量超级电容器电极材料及制备方法 |
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