CN105753819A - 一种5-羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种5?羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法，工业级5?羟甲基糠醛经过装有本专利技术制得的吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，可得到5?羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸附剂的制备方法，特别是一种5-羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法。
背景技术
5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)分子中含有一个呋喃环，一个醛基和一个羟甲基，其化学性质比较活泼，可以通过氧化、氢化和缩合等反应制备多种衍生物，是重要的精细化工原料。在众多的生物质基平台分子中，5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)是最为重要的一类分子，它不仅可以从果糖脱水制备，也可以从葡萄糖经异构化后脱水制备，甚至也可以从纤维素直接制备。
CN104557807公开了一种生产5-羟甲基糠醛的方法，将脱去半纤维素后的生物质原料水解后得到葡萄糖糖、醋酸和甲酸混合溶液，然后进入超声波反应器与萃取剂、催化剂接触反应；反应流出物冷却分层后上层为水相，下层萃取相进入萃取剂再生塔进行分离，塔顶产物经分相得到再生的萃取剂和少量的水，塔釜产物进入成品塔分离得到5-羟甲基糠醛，塔顶得到的醋酸和甲酸混合物进入醋酸精制塔分离得到甲酸和醋酸。
CN105377825公开了一种由糖类合成5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)的新方法。具体地，本发明涉及使具有6个碳原子的单糖(己糖)以及衍生自该单糖的二糖、寡糖和多糖脱水来以高产率获得高纯度5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)的新方法。通过蒸馏将有机溶剂或有机溶剂混合物与5-羟甲基糠醛分离开。
CN103380120公开了作为增塑剂的呋喃二甲酸戊酯。在沸石的存在下将过量的醇在减压下去除，并通过蒸馏纯化粗产物，得到产品。
CN101289435公开了采用催化的方法由糖类合成5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)的方法。这种制备5-羟甲基糠醛的方法采用杂多酸或杂多酸盐为催化剂，通过调变催化剂活性、选择适当的溶剂、加入添加剂、优化反应温度和时间、改进后处理工艺，以高产率获得了高纯度5-羟甲基糠醛，避免了使用液体强酸对设备的腐蚀和环境污染。在饱和氯化钠溶液-正丁醇体系中、磷钨酸催化下，175℃下反应4分钟，HMF收率可达70％。通过减压蒸馏纯化粗产物，得到产品。
目前文献中所报道的提纯5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)的方法，主要采用蒸馏的方法，得到5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)仍含有一些杂质不能去除，如羟甲基甲酰呋喃，需要新的纯化方法。
发明内容
本发明目的在于解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，提供一种5-羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法。
本发明所述的一种5-羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法，通过以下步骤制备：
步骤1.吸附剂的制备：
在反应釜中按重量份计加入100份氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂、500-1000份乙酸乙酯，10-20份的乌洛托品，0.1-1份2-呋喃乙胺，0.01-0.1份1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，在20-60℃反应15-50h，过滤时用水洗涤，烘干后得到吸附剂；
步骤2.吸附提纯5-羟甲基糠醛：
按重量份计，100份工业级5-羟甲基糠醛经过装有吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，温度0～40℃，流速1-5BV/h，可得到5-羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。
所述的氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂为市售产品，如上海紫一试剂厂生产的产品；2-呋喃乙胺为市售产品，如南京森贝伽生物科技有限公司生产的产品；1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺为市售产品，如中科院兰州化学物理研究所研制的产品。
所述的工业级5-羟甲基糠醛为市售产品。
与现有技术相比，本发明的催化剂及其制备方法，具有以下有益效果：
胺基树脂骨架上带有呋喃，咪唑杂环结构，提高了对5-羟甲基糠醛中羟甲基甲酰呋喃等杂质的吸附能力，可得到质量百分含量最高99.9％的5-羟甲基糠醛产品。
具体实施方式
以下实例仅仅是进一步说明本发明，并不是限制本发明保护的范围。
实施例中工业级5-羟甲基糠醛，质量百分含量95，其中含有羟甲基甲酰呋喃杂质。
实施例1：
步骤1.吸附剂的制备：在2000L反应釜中加入100Kg氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂、800Kg乙酸乙酯，12Kg乌洛托品，0.3Kg2-呋喃乙胺，0.05Kg1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，在40℃反应30h，过滤时用水洗涤，烘干后得到吸附剂；
步骤2.吸附提纯5-羟甲基糠醛：
将100Kg工业级5-羟甲基糠醛经过装有吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，温度20℃，流速2BV/h，可得到5-羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-1。
实施例2：
步骤1.吸附剂的制备：在2000L反应釜中加入100Kg氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂、500Kg乙酸乙酯，10Kg乌洛托品，0.1Kg2-呋喃乙胺，0.01Kg1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，在20℃反应15h，过滤时用水洗涤，烘干后得到吸附剂；
步骤2.吸附提纯5-羟甲基糠醛：
将100Kg工业级5-羟甲基糠醛经过装有吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，温度0℃，流速1BV/h，可得到5-羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-2。
实施例3
步骤1.吸附剂的制备：在2000L反应釜中加入100Kg氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂、1000Kg乙酸乙酯，20Kg乌洛托品，1Kg2-呋喃乙胺，0.1Kg1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，在60℃反应50h，过滤时用水洗涤，烘干后得到吸附剂；
步骤2.吸附提纯5-羟甲基糠醛：
将100Kg工业级5-羟甲基糠醛经过装有吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，温度40℃，流速5BV/h，可得到5-羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-3。
对比例1
不加入2-呋喃乙胺，其它同实施例1。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-4。
对比例2
不加入1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，其它同实施例1。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-5。
对比例3
不加入1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，2-呋喃乙胺，其它同实施例1。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-6。
对比例4
步骤1取消，使用4A分子筛做吸附剂，其它同实施例1。5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量见表1，编号为M-7。
经过气相色谱检测，实施例1-3以及对比例1-4提纯后5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量的比较见表1：
表1：不同工艺做出的试验样品吸附后，5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量的比较
| 编号 | 5-羟甲基糠醛质量百分含量％ |
| M-1 | 99.6 |
| M-2 | 99.2 |
| M-3 | 99.9 |
| M-4 | 98.2 |
| M-5 | 98.4 |
| M-6 | 96.9 |
| M-7 | 96.4 |
以上仅为本发明的具体实施例，但本发明的技术特征并不局限于此。任何以本发明为基础，为解决基本相同的技术问题，实现基本相同的技术效果，所作出的简单变化、等同替换或者修饰等，皆涵盖于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (1)
1.一种5-羟甲基糠醛纯化的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
步骤1.吸附剂的制备：
在反应釜中按重量份计加入100份氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂、500-1000份乙酸乙酯，10-20份的乌洛托品，0.1-1份2-呋喃乙胺，0.01-0.1份1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺，在20-60℃反应15-50h，过滤时用水洗涤，烘干后得到吸附剂：
步骤2.吸附提纯5-羟甲基糠醛：
按重量份计，100份工业级5-羟甲基糠醛经过装有吸附剂的层析柱中进行吸附，温度0～40℃，流速1-5BV/h，可得到5-羟甲基糠醛纯化产品。
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