CN105751501B - A kind of large scale bone support manufacture device and its manufacture method - Google Patents
A kind of large scale bone support manufacture device and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105751501B CN105751501B CN201610102050.XA CN201610102050A CN105751501B CN 105751501 B CN105751501 B CN 105751501B CN 201610102050 A CN201610102050 A CN 201610102050A CN 105751501 B CN105751501 B CN 105751501B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/56—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large scale bone support manufacture device and its manufacture method, including：Three-dimensional motion working frame, extrusion mechanism, temperature conditioning unit, control panel and work top；Temperature conditioning unit includes heating unit and drives the motion platform of heater three-dimensional motion, the controlled making sheet control of heating unit；Temperature conditioning unit is fixedly mounted on work top；Extrusion mechanism and work top are arranged on working frame.The bone support manufacture device of the present invention is simple in construction, it is easy to operate, manufacturing cost is low, utilize the characteristic of bio-ink, accurate control along with control panel according to stent size to heating-up temperature, the manufacture of the large-sized different shape porous bone scaffold structure of short transverse is realized, is treated for large segmental bone defect and provides favourable material and technical support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering and tissue engineering technique field, more particularly, to a kind of large scale bone support system
Make device and its manufacture method.
Background technology
At present, with the development of society, Cranial defect is particularly long caused by various wounds, bone tumour, aging population etc.
Section Cranial defect becomes the thorny problem on Orthopedic Clinical.Moved in face of existing traditional study on bone defect healing method including itself bone
, there is donor deficiency, rejection, operation consuming cycle length etc. and lack in plant, homologous cancellus, and other bone collection methods etc.
Fall into, bone tissue engineer technology presents its advantage in bone tissue defect therapy field, various to have biocompatibility, biology
Degradability, the Porotic bone scaffold for connecting orderly through-hole structure, controllable hole shape and hole profile with height are manufactured, and make
Obtaining cell and nutrient can successfully transport in the bracket, and depending on, growing and rising in value for cell provides space.
At present, the method for existing manufacture porous bone scaffold mainly has, selective laser sintering (selective laser
Sintering), three dimensional printing (three-dimensional printing), fusion sediment modeling (fused deposition
Modeling) and the method such as automatic mortar injection forming (robocasting), these methods can produce various sizes of bone support
All there are different defects in structure, but the Long bone defect problem being directed in Cranial defect, the above method.
Such as selective laser sintering method, (patent document of such as Application No. 201310282922.1 discloses one kind can
The preparation method of the porous ceramic/polymer base Composite Bone support of control, using selective laser sintering technique, is prepared into similar day
Porous ceramics/polymer matrix Composite Bone support of right bone tissue) equipment investment cost it is high, the powder requirement to manufacturing bone support
Height, because ultra-fine powder causes equipment high to outside environmental requirement, the large-sized bone support of manufacture one needs to prepare in advance
Substantial amounts of powder, the spot diameter of laser beam causes the bone supporting structure that can not manufacture very hachure.
Three-dimensional printing method is to utilize the extruder head in equipment to extrude cementitious drop, and drop falls on the powder of underface
On body, using viscous drop adhesion powder, a bone supporting structure with three-D pore structure, the viscosity directly shadow of drop are formed
Ring support in lines thickness, that is, the precision manufactured, if small for bone supporting structure internal holes, in structure without cohesive
Powder is very difficult to remove；The presence of fusion sediment modeling method can only use specific thermoplastic, polymeric materials, and need to add in advance
Work could be manufactured into silk；Automatic mortar injection forming method can manufacture porous bone supporting structure, but can not manufacture as big section bone one
The structure of the length height of sample, because in the fabrication process, material can not continue to support the weight of itself, can cave in.
The content of the invention
The problem of being run into based on existing manufacture large scale bone support unit and method, the invention provides a kind of porous
Large scale bone support manufacture device, by the device, can be produced large-sized porous in the big chi of short transverse i.e. Z-direction
Very little bone supporting structure.
Invention also provides a kind of new bone support manufacturing method, by the inventive method, it can realize in height
The manufacture of the large-sized porous bone scaffold structure in direction, the problem of solving manufacture porous big section of bone support, is big section of bone of later stage
The treatment of defect provides good technical support and material.
A kind of large scale bone support manufacture device, including work top, extrusion mechanism, driving work top or extrusion mechanism
The working frame and temperature conditioning unit of three-dimensional motion, the temperature conditioning unit include heating unit, and driving heating unit three-dimensional
The motion platform of motion；The heating unit includes the fixed mount fixed with the motion platform and is arranged on fixed mount
Heat block, the heat block surrounds the working space heated to bone support.
The working frame of the present invention generally comprises X-axis track, and Y-axis track, Z axis track is cooperated by sliding block, realizes
Three-dimensional motion.Preferably, described extrusion mechanism is fixedly mounted on the X-axis track of working frame, it can be pneumatic squeezes
Go out device or mechanical piston extrusion device, can also be mechanical screw extrusion device.
Preferably, also including control panel, the heating unit is controlled by the control panel；The heating unit also includes inspection
The temperature sensor of bone support ambient temperature is surveyed, control panel gathers the temperature signal of the temperature sensor, believed according to temperature
Number size realizes the control to heating unit.
The shape of bone support is generally cylinder type, in order to enable the rack to be heated evenly, and the shape of fixed mount is designed to U
Type or semicircular arc-shaped, when manufacturing support, support is centrally located at the near center location of heat block so that support can be equal
Even is heated.So, fixed preferably, described fixed mount one end is installed with motion platform, the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircle
The installation end of camber, the heat block is fixed in installation end, U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped arrangement.
Preferably, the heat block is heating film, heating coil, one kind in heating plate etc..
In order to prevent the heating environment that heat block is produced excessive so that the moisture of lines in the fabrication process is too fast to be steamed
Hair, the adhesive property between influence preceding layer and the lines of later layer so that bone support can not be integrally formed, upper and lower bracket point
From above-mentioned heat block can not be too big, simultaneously for cross-sectional area very big support, if heat block is too small, can cause heating
Insufficient, bone supporting structure caves in, and thickness can select adding for different-thickness between 3mm to 15mm according to different supports
The hot block heating-up temperature different with offer.Preferably, the thickness of the heat block is between 3mm to 15mm.
Heretofore described fixed mount can be changed, by changing different sizes, support of different shapes, it is possible to achieve
Different sizes, the manufacture of bone support of different shapes.
Preferably, the motion platform includes：
First level track is fixed with work top；
Vertical sliding motion is arranged on the second horizontal rail on first level track；
The vertical Z axis track being slidably arranged in the second horizontal rail；
The fixed mount is slided by sliding block and Z axis track and set.
Above-mentioned first level track, the second horizontal rail may be selected any in X-axis track or Y-axis track.It is described solid
Determine frame to be fixedly mounted on the Z axis track of above-mentioned motion platform, the Z axis track is fixedly mounted on X, on Y-axis track, the X,
Y-axis track is fixedly mounted on above-mentioned work top.The heat block and temperature sensor of the present invention is all connected with control panel, in system
During making support, control panel control heat block is heated to the environment of bone branch frame peripheral, and temperature sensor is to environment temperature
Degree is detected, the temperature real-time Transmission detected to control panel, is formed a closed loop thermal control loop, is passed through control panel
Interior algorithm, controls heat block again so that the temperature control of branch frame peripheral is within the temperature range of certain design.Manufacturing
Cheng Zhong, the internal stent of heat transfer to heat block correspondence position accelerates the evaporation of bone internal stent moisture so that support can
Solidify in a short time, while own wt is supported, can also support behind the bone support knot that will print above it
Structure.
Position of the support manufactured as needed on working face, heater, can be fast in the presence of motion platform
Speed easily reaches the position specified, and is heated to support, at the same according to the size of support, in the presence of control panel, profit
Support is heated with predetermined temperature control parameter.
A kind of large scale bone support manufacturing method, using the large scale bone support manufacture device described in any of the above-described scheme,
Comprise the following steps：
First, powder and viscous liquid are mixed according to a certain percentage, the highly viscous life required for configuration extrusion device
Thing ink；
Then：
(1) using delamination software the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model hierarchy slicing manufactured will be needed to handle, forms corresponding generation
Code, i.e.,：The bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model manufactured will be needed to input computer, handled, formed using delamination software hierarchy slicing
Respective code is input in bone support manufacture device；
(2) according to code, pre-configured bio-ink is ejected into work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism
On, heating unit adjusts the three-dimensional that the long size of Z-direction is obtained on heating location, working face in real time under motion platform driving simultaneously
Bone supporting structure；I.e.：Heater full side under three-dimensional movement platform according to the specific size of the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of manufacture
Position adjustment, while change temperature value at any time, and temperature control device and working face are moved downward along Z axis together, are obtained on working face
Obtain the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of the controllable long size of Z-direction；
(3) obtained bone supporting structure is dried 20~48 hours in 80~120 DEG C of baking ovens, be then put into high temperature furnace
1000~1500 DEG C of high temperature is incubated 2~4 hours, and finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
Preferably, the three-dimensional bone supporting structure is column construction；Install solid with motion platform in described fixed mount one end
Fixed, the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end, and the heat block is fixed in installation end, U-shaped or semi arch
Type is arranged；The three-dimensional bone supporting structure is arranged on heat block center.
Preferably, the bio-ink in described extrusion device is a kind of highly viscous solution, can be water-setting peptization
The mixture of liquid and powder, it has the ability of self-sustained, while with the evaporation of moisture, solution can be hardened.
Preferably, the bio-ink is the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder；
The hydrogel solution is PVA hydrogel solutions, CMC hydrogel solutions, one kind in PEG-hydrogel solution or several
Plant mixing；
The powder can be one or more of mixing in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is arrived 1
Between 10 microns.
As further preferred, PVA mass percent concentration is in 1%~15%, CMC in the PVA hydrogel solutions
The mass percent concentration of CMC in hydrogel solution 0.5%~4%, PVA hydrogel solutions be small-molecular-weight solution,
Such as mean molecule quantity is less than 2000.
Preferably, the large scale bone support manufacture device includes also including control panel, the heating unit is controlled by
The control panel；The heating unit also includes the temperature sensor of detection bone support ambient temperature, and control panel gathers the temperature
The temperature signal of sensor is spent, the control to heating unit is realized according to temperature signal size；
If the temperature detected be less than control panel set temperature, control panel output control signal to heat block, plus
Hot block continues to heat；
If detect when detecting temperature at or below design temperature, control panel proceed judge：
If in setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected are less than or equal to setting value, then control heating
Block is stopped；
If in setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected are more than setting value, reduce the work(of heat block
Rate, control panel continues to control heat block work.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
First, bone support manufacture device of the invention is simple in construction, and easy to operate, manufacturing cost is low, utilizes bio-ink
The system of the large-sized porous bone scaffold structure of short transverse is realized in characteristic, the accurate control along with control panel to heating-up temperature
Make.
2nd, manufacture device of the invention can manufacture various sizes of bone supporting structure, it is only necessary to change corresponding in advance
Heat block and support, it is simple to operate.
3rd, manufacture device of the invention can manufacture bone supporting structure of different shapes, including tubular structure, solid cylinder
Body structure, and flake structure, it is only necessary to the scaffold three-dimensional model structure of change input.
4th, the porous bone scaffold of manufacture device of the invention manufacture solves the problem of big section bone is manufactured, and is organizational project
In large segmental bone defect treatment provide favourable material and support.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the large scale bone support manufacture device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the manufacture method schematic flow sheet of the large scale bone support of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the temperature conditioning unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the temperature conditioning unit operation principle flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the temperature conditioning unit heating and temperature control figure of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the change in location schematic diagram of heating unit in bone stent fabrication process of the invention；
Fig. 7 is Porotic bone scaffold pictorial diagram produced by the present invention；
In figure：1 is three-dimensional motion working frame, and 2 be extrusion mechanism, and 3 be temperature conditioning unit, and 4 be work top, and 5 be X, Y-axis
Motion platform, 6 be Z axis motion platform, and 7 be support, and 8 be heat block, and 9 be temperature sensor.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, a kind of large scale bone support manufacture device, including：Three-dimensional motion working frame 1, squeeze
Go out mechanism 2, temperature conditioning unit 3, control panel and work top 4；
As shown in figure 1, three-dimensional motion working frame 1 is included by relatively-stationary four columns, and it is fixed on column
Y-axis working track, the X-axis working track at top, X-axis working track bottom are provided with the Y-axis being slidably matched with Y-axis working track and slided
Block；The top side of extrusion mechanism 2 is provided with the X-axis slide block being slidably matched with X-axis working track.Pass through Y-axis sliding block, X-axis slide block
It is mobile, extrusion mechanism 2X axles, the movement of Y direction can be achieved.Simultaneously provided with Z axis track, work on three-dimensional motion working frame 1
Table top 4 is slidably matched by Z axis sliding block with Z axis track.X-axis slide block, Y-axis sliding block, Z axis sliding block can pass through leading screw and motor
Driving.
Extrusion mechanism 2 is fixedly mounted in the X-axis of three-dimensional motion working frame 1, and it can be pneumatic gun extruder structure, also may be used
To be mechanical piston extruder structure, mechanical screw extrusion mechanism can also be.
Bio-ink in extrusion mechanism 2 is a kind of highly viscous solution, can be the mixing of hydrogel solution and powder
Thing, it has the ability of self-sustained, while with the evaporation of moisture, solution can be hardened.Above-mentioned hydrogel solution can be
One or more of mixing in the solution such as PVA, CMC, PEG, the quality of PVA mass percent concentration in 1%~15%, CMC
Percent concentration is in solution of 0.5%~4%, the PEG with low molecule amount, such as PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-
800, PEG-1000 etc..
Above-mentioned powder can be silicate, phosphate, and one or more of mixing in bio-vitric, its particle diameter is arrived 1
Between 10 microns.
Temperature conditioning unit 3 includes heating unit and drives the motion platform of heating unit three-dimensional motion, and heating unit is controlled
Making sheet is controlled；Temperature conditioning unit 3 is fixedly mounted on work top 4.
As shown in figure 3, above-mentioned heating unit includes fixed mount 7, the heat block 8 being fixed on fixed mount 7, is fixedly mounted on
The temperature sensor 9 of 7 two ends of fixed mount.Fixed mount 7 is fixedly mounted on the Z axis motion platform 6 of above-mentioned motion platform, Z
Axle motion platform 6 is fixedly mounted on X, on Y-axis motion platform 5, and X, Y-axis motion platform 5 are fixedly mounted on above-mentioned work top 4
On.Above-mentioned heat block 8 and temperature sensor 9 is all connected with control panel, passes through X, Y-axis motion platform 5 and Z axis motion platform 6
Motion, motion of the control fixed mount 7 in three dimensions, so as to control the motion of the heat block 8 on fixed mount 7, make its right
Fixed mount 7 is uniformly heated.Above-mentioned X, Y-axis motion platform 5 are generally comprised and the relatively-stationary X-axis rail of work top 4
Road and Y-axis track, are connected, X-axis slide block can be driven by motor between X-axis track and Y-axis track by X-axis slide block；Such as, when
When setting X-axis slide block, Y-axis track is slidably matched by X-axis slide block with X-axis track.Z axis motion platform 6 is general also by Z axis track
Constituted with Z axis sliding block, Z axis rail base can be slidably matched by Y-axis sliding block with Y-axis track；Fixed mount 7 is away from heat block 8
One end is slidably matched by Z axis sliding block with Z axis track.In the fabrication process, heat is slowly delivered to by heat transfer and convection current
The bone internal stent of heat block correspondence position, accelerates the evaporation of bone internal stent moisture so that bone support can be in a short time
Solidification, while own wt is supported, can also support behind the bone supporting structure that will print above it.
Position of the bone support manufactured as needed on work top, heating unit, can in the presence of motion platform
The position specified with quickly and easily reaching, is heated to bone support, while according to the size of bone support, in the work of control panel
Under, bone support is heated using predetermined temperature control parameter.
Above-mentioned heat block 8 can be heating film, heating coil, one kind in heating plate etc..
In order to prevent the heating environment that heat block 8 is produced excessive so that the moisture of lines in the fabrication process is too fast to be steamed
Hair, the adhesive property between influence preceding layer and the lines of later layer so that bone support can not be integrally formed, upper sending down the fishbone support point
From, above-mentioned heat block can not be too big, simultaneously for cross-sectional area very big branch skeleton, if heat block is too small, can cause plus
Heat is insufficient, and bone supporting structure caves in, and thickness can select different-thickness between 3mm to 15mm according to different bone supports
The heat block heating-up temperature different with offer.During bone support is manufactured, the position of heat block is lower than extrusion mechanism,
Prevent heat block during heat is provided to bone support so that the solution excessive evaporation do not extruded in extrusion mechanism, shadow
The mobility of solution is rung, so as to influence the manufacture of the extrusion and total of lines, extrusion mechanism is typically chosen in and has manufactured
After complete a part of bone support, start to heat bone support.
Fixed mount 7 can be changed, by changing different sizes, fixed mount of different shapes, it is possible to achieve different sizes, no
The manufacture of the bone support of similar shape.
The shape of bone support is generally cylinder type, in order that bone support can be heated evenly, the shape design of fixed mount 7
Into U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped, when manufacturing bone support, bone support is centrally located at the near center location of heat block 8 so that bone
Support can uniformly be heated.
As shown in figure 4, being the temperature conditioning unit operation principle flow chart of the present invention, during bone support is manufactured, first
Bone stent model is imported computer, control panel is according to the cross sectional dimensions of bone support and the size of short transverse, by existing
Temprature control method obtain corresponding temperature parameter, control heat block is heated to the environment of bone branch frame peripheral, temperature biography
Sensor is detected to environment temperature, the temperature real-time Transmission detected to control panel, is formed a closed loop thermal and is controlled back
Road, if the temperature detected is less than the temperature that control panel is set, control panel outputs data to heat block, and heat block continues work
Make, when detecting environment temperature and reaching design temperature, control panel continues to be judged according to the program of setting, if at one section
In time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected are smaller, and it is fewer to automatically consider current heat losses, then control heating
Block is stopped, when lower limit beyond design temperature, and control heat block works on, if within a period of time, setting
Temperature is with the temperature gap that detects than larger, then it is assumed that current heat losses are relatively more, and control panel continues control heat block work
Make, simply lower heating power, by comparing the difference of design temperature and detection temperature in real time, adjust the heating work(of heat block
Rate, it is ensured that environment temperature one setting allow in the range of change.
As shown in figure 5, being the bone supporting structure that size and height dimension are accumulated for varying cross-section, corresponding temperature is adjusted
Control areal map, when bone support cross-sectional area is smaller, it is not necessary to too high temperature, temperature with regard to the inside of bone support can be passed to,
On the contrary, when bone support cross-sectional area is very big, because the heat transfer rate of temperature is identical, within the identical time, in same temperature
Under, in bone stent fabrication process, the inside of bone support can be caused to be not reaching to enough temperature, so that moisture evaporation is excessively slow,
The bone supporting structure above it can not be supported, causes structure not to be molded, even results in and cave in, so needing higher temperature to make
Within the identical time, temperature can transfer heat to bone internal stent, even height very low bone support, due to now bone branch
The cross-sectional area of frame than it is normal when it is much bigger, therefore moisture evaporation speed under normal temperature can not meet requirement, so still
Need the auxiliary of heating unit, simultaneously for the bone support of different height, when height than it is relatively low when, the knot of bone frame upper point
Structure weight is lighter, and the lower part of bone support can be supported completely, avoid the need for being heated, or exist temperature control
Room temperature, for the high bone support of height, it is necessary to heat, the structure using the solidification of lines come bone support below, tool
The temperature control parameter of body can be found out from Fig. 5, and when cross-sectional area is big, when height is again high, required heating-up temperature is most
Height, for the support of small size, can not be heated.
The bone supporting structure size of the device manufacture of the present invention is 225mm in the boundary size of cross-sectional area2And 900mm2,
The boundary size of height is 15mm, 25mm and 50mm, for the bio-ink of different materials, and its moisture evaporation speed is also different,
Therefore there is a fluctuation in temperature, and there is also certain common factor near boundary size.
In view of different seasons, temperature contrast is big, in order to ensure that support is consistent, the temperature control of environment one
In the range of individual constant temperature, 20~24 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of large scale bone support manufacturing method, comprises the following steps：
1) powder and viscous liquid are mixed according to a certain percentage, the highly viscous biological ink required for configuration extrusion mechanism
Water；
2) the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model manufactured will be needed to input computer, handled using delamination software hierarchy slicing,
Forming respective code to be input in bone support manufacture device, floor height is arranged on 0.1~0.4 millimeter, extrusion lines size is 0.1~
0.5mm, extrusion line stripe pitch is 50~2000 microns, and extrusion mechanism movement velocity is 2~40mm/s；
3) control panel controls all device work, and extrusion mechanism moves to setting in the presence of three-dimensional motion working frame
Bone support manufacture position, bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism, heating unit root
According to specific size comprehensive adjustment under three-dimensional movement platform of the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of manufacture, while changing temperature ginseng at any time
Number and heating power, when having manufactured one layer of supporting structure, temperature conditioning unit and work top are together along three-dimensional motion working frame
Z axis track move downward one layer of distance, while heat block moves up a segment distance in the Z axis track then along motion platform,
Heated to freshly extruded next bone supporting structure, move in circles, the long size of controllable Z-direction is finally obtained on work top
Three-dimensional bone supporting structure.
4) obtained supporting structure is dried 24 hours in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, is then put into 1200 DEG C of high temperature furnace high-temperature
Room temperature cooling obtains bone supporting structure in insulation 3 hours, last stove.
Embodiment
As shown in fig. 7, being the large-sized porous bone branch of short transverse of the bone support manufacture device manufacture using the present invention
Frame, by taking the bone supporting structure of silicate material as an example, to illustrate the specific manufacturing process of support：
1) silicate powder is prepared by chemical synthesis process, the powder of 5 to 10 microns of sizes is obtained by ball-milling treatment,
The PVA aqueous solution of the configuration concentration between 5% to 8%, then powder and solution by weight 1.4~1.6:1 ratio is mixed
Close uniform, obtain extrudable highly viscous bio-ink；
2) the bone support cylindrical structure mode input computer of manufacture will be needed, at delamination software hierarchy slicing
Reason, forms respective code and is input in bone support manufacture device, and floor height is arranged on 0.5 millimeter, and extrusion lines size is 1mm, is squeezed
Outlet stripe pitch is 1.9mm, and extrusion mechanism movement velocity is 15mm/s；
3) control panel controls all device work, and shown in original position such as Fig. 6 (a), extrusion mechanism and heat block are all located at
Initial position；Then as shown in Fig. 6 (b), extrusion mechanism moves to the bone branch of setting in the presence of three-dimensional motion working frame
Frame manufactures position, is ejected into bio-ink on work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism, heating unit is according to manufacture
Cylinder bracket structure specific size its own three-dimensional movement platform effect under move to relevant position, while according to
Heating and temperature control figure shown in Fig. 5 is heated, when having manufactured one layer of bone supporting structure, temperature conditioning unit and work top one
Rise and one layer of distance is moved downward along Z axis, while heat block is then moving up a segment distance, enter to freshly extruded supporting structure
Row heating, shown in such as Fig. 6 (c), moves in circles, the three-dimensional bone branch of the long size of controllable Z-direction is finally obtained on work top
Frame structure, while extrusion mechanism and heat block are returned to respective initial position, shown in such as Fig. 6 (d).
4) obtained supporting structure is dried 24 hours in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, is then put into 1200 DEG C of high temperature furnace high-temperature
Room temperature cooling obtains bone supporting structure in insulation 3 hours, last stove, as shown in Figure 7.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of large scale bone support manufacture device, including work top, extrusion mechanism, driving work top or extrusion mechanism three
Maintenance and operation dynamic working frame and temperature conditioning unit, it is characterised in that：The temperature conditioning unit includes heating unit, and driving heating
The motion platform of unit three-dimensional motion；The heating unit includes the fixed mount fixed with the motion platform and is arranged on solid
Determine the heat block on frame, the heat block surrounds the working space heated to bone support；
The motion platform includes：First level track is fixed with work top；Vertical sliding motion is arranged on first level track
The second horizontal rail；The vertical Z axis track being slidably arranged in the second horizontal rail；
The fixed mount is slided by sliding block and Z axis track and set.
2. large scale bone support manufacture device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include control panel, it is described to add
Hot cell is controlled by the control panel；The heating unit also includes the temperature sensor of detection bone support ambient temperature, control
Making sheet gathers the temperature signal of the temperature sensor, and the control to heating unit is realized according to temperature signal size.
3. large scale bone support manufacture device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described fixed mount one end and motion
Stage+module is fixed, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end；The heat block is fixed in installation end, U-shaped
Or semicircular arc-shaped arrangement.
4. large scale bone support manufacture device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat block is heating film,
One kind in heating coil, heating plate.
5. large scale bone support manufacture device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thickness of the heat block exists
Between 3mm to 15mm.
6. a kind of large scale bone support manufacturing method, it is characterised in that：Using the large scale described in any one of Claims 1 to 5
Bone support manufacture device, comprises the following steps：
(1) using delamination software the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model hierarchy slicing manufactured will be needed to handle, forms respective code；
(2) according to code, pre-configured bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism, plus
Hot cell adjusts the three-dimensional bone branch that the long size of Z-direction is obtained on heating location, working face in real time under motion platform driving simultaneously
Frame structure；
(3) obtained bone supporting structure is dried 20~48 hours in 80~120 DEG C of baking ovens, is then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature
1000~1500 DEG C are incubated 2~4 hours, and finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
7. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The three-dimensional bone supporting structure is
Column construction；Described fixed mount one end is installed with motion platform and fixed, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end；
The heat block is fixed in installation end, U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped arrangement；The three-dimensional bone supporting structure is arranged on heat block
Center.
8. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The bio-ink is hydrogel
The mixture of solution and powder；
The hydrogel solution is that the one or more in PVA hydrogel solutions, CMC hydrogel solutions, PEG-hydrogel solution are mixed
Close；
The powder can be one or more of mixing in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is micro- 1 to 10
Between rice.
9. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The large scale bone support manufacture
Device is the large scale bone support manufacture device described in claim 2；The temperature sensor detects to environment temperature,
The temperature real-time Transmission detected is to control panel；
If the temperature detected is less than the temperature that control panel is set, control panel output control signal is to heat block, heat block
Continue to heat；
If detect when detecting temperature at or below design temperature, control panel proceed judge：
If in setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected are less than or equal to setting value, then control heat block to stop
Only work；
If in setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected are more than setting value, reduce the power of heat block, control
Making sheet continues to control heat block work.
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| CN1302725A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2001-07-11 | 清华大学 | Squeezing and spray shaping technology without heating and liquefying procedures |
| CN203543128U (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2014-04-16 | 浙江大学 | Three-dimensional printer with heat-preserving function |
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| WO2015184015A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-03 | Osiris Biomed 3D, Llc | Medical 3d printing conex |
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