CN105751501A - Manufacturing device and manufacturing method of large-size bone scaffold - Google Patents
Manufacturing device and manufacturing method of large-size bone scaffold Download PDFInfo
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000009414 blockwork Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000018084 Bone neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/56—Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing device and a manufacturing method of a large-size bone scaffold. The manufacturing device comprises a three-dimensional motion working framework, an extrusion mechanism, a temperature control unit, a control panel and a working table, wherein the temperature control unit comprises a heating unit and a movable platform capable of driving the heating device to perform three-dimensional motion; the heating unit is controlled by the control panel; the temperature control unit is fixedly arranged on the working table; the extrusion mechanism and the working table are arranged on the working framework. The manufacturing device of the bone scaffold is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in manufacturing cost; by use of the characteristics of bio-ink and accurate control of the control panel over the heating temperature according to the size of the scaffold, so that manufacturing of porous bone scaffold structures which have large size in a height direction and are different in shape is realized, and a beneficial material and technical support are provided for large bone defect treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomedical engineering and tissue engineering technique field, especially relate to a kind of large scale bone support and manufacture device and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
At present, along with the development of society, the thorny problem that the Cranial defect particularly Long bone defect that various wounds, bone tumor, aged tendency of population etc. cause becomes on Orthopedic Clinical.In the face of existing tradition study on bone defect healing method includes self bone collection, homologous cancellus, and other bone collection methods etc., there is the defects such as donor deficiency, rejection, operation consuming cycle length, bone tissue engineer technology treats, in osseous tissue defect, the advantage that field presents it, various there is biocompatibility, biodegradability, there is the Porotic bone scaffold highly connecting orderly through-hole structure, controlled hole shape and hole profile be manufactured, cell and nutrient can successfully be transported in the bracket, depend on for cell, grow and increment provides space.
At present, the method of existing manufacture porous bone scaffold mainly has, selective laser sintering (selectivelasersintering), three dimensional printing (three-dimensionalprinting), the fusion sediment modeling method such as (fuseddepositionmodeling) and automatic mortar injection forming (robocasting), these methods can produce various sizes of bone supporting structure, but being directed to the Long bone defect problem in Cranial defect, all there is different defects in said method.
As selective laser sintering method (such as application number be 201310282922.1 patent documentation disclose the preparation method of ceramic/polymer base Composite Bone support of a kind of controlled pore, utilize selective laser sintering technique, prepare into the porous ceramics/polymer-matrix Composite Bone support of similar natural bone tissue) equipment investment cost high, the powder body manufacturing bone support is required height, owing to ultra-fine powder body makes equipment that outside environmental requirement is high, manufacture a large-sized bone support to need to prepare substantial amounts of powder body in advance, the spot diameter of laser beam causes the bone supporting structure that can not manufacture very hachure.
Three-dimensional printing method is to utilize the extruder head extrusion in equipment to have close-burning drop, drop is fallen on the powder body of underface, utilize viscous drop adhesion powder body, form a bone supporting structure with three-D pore structure, the viscosity of drop directly affects the thickness of lines in support, namely the precision manufactured, if little for bone supporting structure internal holes, the powder body not having bonding in structure is very difficult to remove；Fusion sediment modeling method exists can only use specific thermoplastic, polymeric materials, and needs processing filamentation in advance to manufacture；Automatic mortar injection forming method can manufacture the bone supporting structure of porous, but can not manufacture the structure of degree of growing tall as big section bone, because in the fabrication process, material cannot continue to support the weight of self, can cave in.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problem that existing manufacture large scale bone support unit and method run into, the invention provides the large scale bone support of a kind of porous and manufacture device, by this device, it is possible to produce large-sized porous at the large-sized bone supporting structure of short transverse and Z-direction.
Invention also provides a kind of new bone support manufacturing method, pass through the inventive method, it is capable of the manufacture in the large-sized porous bone scaffold structure of short transverse, solving the problem manufacturing big section of bone support of porous, the treatment for later stage large segmental bone defect provides good technical support and material.
A kind of large scale bone support manufactures device, working frame and temperature conditioning unit including work top, extrusion mechanism, driving work top or extrusion mechanism three-dimensional motion, described temperature conditioning unit includes heating unit, and drives the motion platform of heating unit three-dimensional motion；Described heating unit includes the fixed mount fixing with described motion platform and the heat block being arranged on fixed mount, and this heat block surrounds the work space that bone support is heated.
The working frame of the present invention generally comprises X-axis track, Y-axis track, Z axis track, is cooperated by slide block, it is achieved three-dimensional motion.As preferably, described extrusion mechanism is fixedly mounted on the X-axis track of working frame, and it can be pneumatic extrusion device, it is also possible to be mechanical type piston extrusion device, it is also possible to be mechanical screw extrusion device.
As preferably, also including panel, described heating unit is controlled by this panel；Described heating unit also includes the temperature sensor of detection bone support ambient temperature, and panel gathers the temperature signal of this temperature sensor, realizes the control to heating unit according to temperature signal size.
The shape of bone support is generally cylinder type, and in order to enable the rack to be heated evenly, the shape of fixed mount is designed to U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped, and when manufacturing support, support is centrally located at the near center location of heat block so that support can be heated uniformly.So, as preferably, described fixed mount one end and motion platform are installed fixing, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end, and described heat block is fixed in installation end, and U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped is arranged.
As preferably, described heat block is heating film, heats coil, the one in hot plate etc..
In order to prevent the heating environment that heat block produces excessive, make the too fast evaporation of moisture of lines in the fabrication process, affect the adhesive property between preceding layer and the lines of later layer, bone support can not be integrally forming, carrier parts separates, above-mentioned heat block can not be too big, simultaneously, for the support that cross-sectional area is very big, if heat block is too little, can cause that heating is insufficient, bone supporting structure caves in, thickness is between 3mm to 15mm, it is possible to according to different supports, select the heating-up temperature that the heat block of different-thickness is different with offer.As preferably, the thickness of described heat block is between 3mm to 15mm.
Heretofore described fixed mount can be changed, by changing different size, difform support, it is possible to achieve different size, the manufacture of difform bone support.
As preferably, described motion platform includes:
The first horizontal rail is fixed with work top；
Vertical sliding motion is arranged on the second horizontal rail in the first horizontal rail；
Vertically it is slidably arranged in the Z axis track in the second horizontal rail；
Described fixed mount is arranged with Z axis slide by slide block.
Above-mentioned first horizontal rail, the second horizontal rail may select any one in X-axis track or Y-axis track.Described fixed mount is fixedly mounted on the Z axis track of above-mentioned motion platform, and described Z axis track is fixedly mounted on X, Y-axis track, and described X, Y-axis track are fixedly mounted on above-mentioned work top.The heat block of the present invention is all connected with panel with temperature sensor, in the process manufacturing support, bone is propped up the environment of frame peripheral and is heated by panel control heat block, ambient temperature is detected by temperature sensor, the temperature real-time Transmission detected to panel, form a closed loop thermal and control loop, by the algorithm in panel, again control heat block so that the temperature of a frame peripheral controls in the temperature range of certain design.In the fabrication process, heat is delivered to the internal stent of heat block correspondence position, accelerates the evaporation of bone internal stent moisture so that support can solidify at short notice, while supporting own wt, it is also possible to be about to the bone supporting structure printed above it after support.
The support manufactured as required position on work surface, heater is under the effect of motion platform, the position specified can be arrived quickly and easily, it is heated to support, size according to support simultaneously, under the effect of panel, utilize predetermined temperature to control parameter and support is heated.
A kind of large scale bone support manufacturing method, adopts the large scale bone support described in any of the above-described scheme to manufacture device, comprises the following steps:
First, powder body and viscous liquid are mixed according to a certain percentage, the full-bodied bio-ink required for configuration extrusion device；
Then:
(1) delamination software is utilized the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model hierarchy slicing manufactured will to be needed to process, form respective code, that is: the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model input computer manufactured will be needed, utilize delamination software hierarchy slicing to process, form respective code and be input in bone support manufacture device；
(2) according to code, pre-configured bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism, heating unit adjusts heating location in real time simultaneously under motion platform drives, and work surface obtains the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of the long size of Z-direction；That is: the heater concrete size comprehensive adjustment under three-dimensional movement platform according to the three-dimensional bone supporting structure manufactured, change temperature value at any time simultaneously, and attemperating unit moves downward along Z axis together with work surface, work surface obtains the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of the long size of controlled Z-direction；
(3) the bone supporting structure obtained being dried 20～48 hours in 80～120 DEG C of baking ovens, be then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1000～1500 DEG C and be incubated 2～4 hours, finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
As preferably, described three-dimensional bone supporting structure is column construction；Described fixed mount one end and motion platform are installed fixing, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end, and described heat block is fixed in installation end, and U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped is arranged；Described three-dimensional bone supporting structure is arranged on heat block center.
As preferably, the described bio-ink in extrusion device is a kind of full-bodied solution, it is possible to be the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body, and it has the ability of self-sustained, and simultaneously along with the evaporation of moisture, solution can be hardening.
As preferably, described bio-ink is the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body；
Described hydrogel solution is one or more mixing in PVA hydrogel solution, CMC hydrogel solution, PEG-hydrogel solution；
Described powder body can be the mixing of one or more in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is between 1 to 10 microns.
As it is preferred that, in described PVA hydrogel solution, the mass percent concentration of PVA is 1%～15%, the mass percent concentration of the CMC in CMC hydrogel solution is 0.5%～4%, and PVA hydrogel solution is the solution of small-molecular-weight, for instance mean molecule quantity is less than 2000.
As preferably, described large scale bone support manufactures device and includes also including panel, and described heating unit is controlled by this panel；Described heating unit also includes the temperature sensor of detection bone support ambient temperature, and panel gathers the temperature signal of this temperature sensor, realizes the control to heating unit according to temperature signal size；
If be detected that the temperature that sets lower than panel of temperature, then panel output control signal is to heat block, and heat block continues heating；
If be detected that when temperature being detected at or below design temperature, panel proceed judge:
If within the setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected less than or equal to setting value, then control heat block and quit work；
If within the setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected, more than setting value, reduce the power of heat block, and panel continues to control heat block work.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
One, the bone support of the present invention manufactures apparatus structure simply, easy to operate, and low cost of manufacture utilizes the characteristic of bio-ink, adds the panel accurate control to heating-up temperature, it is achieved the manufacture of the large-sized porous bone scaffold structure of short transverse.
Two, the manufacture device of the present invention can manufacture various sizes of bone supporting structure, it is only necessary to changes corresponding heat block and support in advance, simple to operation.
Three, the manufacture device of the present invention can manufacture difform bone supporting structure, including tubular structure, solid cylinder structure, and flake structure, it is only necessary to the scaffold three-dimensional model structure of change input.
Four, the porous bone scaffold manufacturing device manufacture of the present invention solves the problem that big section bone manufactures, and treats for the large segmental bone defect in organizational project and provides favourable material support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the large scale bone support manufacture device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the manufacture method schematic flow sheet of the large scale bone support of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the temperature conditioning unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the temperature conditioning unit operation principle flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the temperature conditioning unit heating and temperature control figure of the present invention；
Fig. 6 be the present invention bone stent fabrication process in the change in location schematic diagram of heating unit；
Fig. 7 is the Porotic bone scaffold pictorial diagram that the present invention manufactures；
In figure: 1 is three-dimensional motion working frame, and 2 is extrusion mechanism, and 3 is temperature conditioning unit, and 4 is work top, and 5 is X, Y-axis motion platform, and 6 is Z axis motion platform, and 7 is support, and 8 is heat block, 9 is temperature sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, a kind of large scale bone support manufactures device, including: three-dimensional motion working frame 1, extrusion mechanism 2, temperature conditioning unit 3, panel and work top 4；
As it is shown in figure 1, three-dimensional motion working frame 1 includes by relatively-stationary four columns, and it is fixed on the Y-axis working track at column top, X-axis working track, bottom X-axis working track, is provided with the Y-axis slide block being slidably matched with Y-axis working track；Extrusion mechanism 2 top side is provided with the X-axis slide block being slidably matched with X-axis working track.Movement by Y-axis slide block, X-axis slide block, it may be achieved extrusion mechanism 2X axle, Y direction movement.Being simultaneously provided with Z axis track on three-dimensional motion working frame 1, work top 4 is coordinated with Z axis slide by Z axis slide block.X-axis slide block, Y-axis slide block, Z axis slide block all can pass through leading screw and motor drives.
Extrusion mechanism 2 is fixedly mounted in the X-axis of three-dimensional motion working frame 1, and it can be pneumatic gun extruder structure, it is also possible to be mechanical type piston extruder structure, it is also possible to be mechanical screw extrusion mechanism.
Bio-ink in extrusion mechanism 2 is a kind of full-bodied solution, it is possible to be the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body, and it has the ability of self-sustained, and simultaneously along with the evaporation of moisture, solution can be hardening.Above-mentioned hydrogel solution can be PVA, CMC, one or more mixing in the solution such as PEG, the mass percent concentration of PVA is 1%～15%, and the mass percent concentration of CMC is 0.5%～4%, the low-molecular-weight solution of PEG, such as PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-800, PEG-1000 etc..
Above-mentioned powder body can be silicate, phosphate, the mixing of one or more in bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is between 1 to 10 microns.
Temperature conditioning unit 3 includes heating unit and drives the motion platform of heating unit three-dimensional motion, and the controlled making sheet of heating unit controls；Temperature conditioning unit 3 is fixedly mounted on work top 4.
As it is shown on figure 3, above-mentioned heating unit includes fixed mount 7, the heat block 8 that is fixed on fixed mount 7, the temperature sensor 9 that is fixedly mounted on 7 two ends of fixed mount.Fixed mount 7 is fixedly mounted on the Z axis motion platform 6 of above-mentioned motion platform, and Z axis motion platform 6 is fixedly mounted on X, Y-axis motion platform 5, and X, Y-axis motion platform 5 are fixedly mounted on above-mentioned work top 4.Above-mentioned heat block 8 is all connected with panel with temperature sensor 9, motion by X, Y-axis motion platform 5 and Z axis motion platform 6, control the fixed mount 7 motion in three dimensions, thus the motion of the heat block 8 controlled on fixed mount 7 so that it is fixed mount 7 is heated uniformly.Above-mentioned X, Y-axis motion platform 5 generally comprise and the relatively-stationary X-axis track of work top 4 and Y-axis track, are connected by X-axis slide block between X-axis track and Y-axis track, and X-axis slide block can be driven by motor；Such as, when arranging X-axis slide block, Y-axis track is coordinated with X-axis slide by X-axis slide block.Z axis motion platform 6 is generally also made up of Z axis track and Z axis slide block, and Z axis rail base can pass through Y-axis slide block and coordinate with Y-axis slide；Fixed mount 7 is coordinated with Z axis slide by Z axis slide block away from one end of heat block 8.In the fabrication process, heat is slowly delivered to the bone internal stent of heat block correspondence position by conduction of heat and convection current, accelerate the evaporation of bone internal stent moisture, bone support can be solidified at short notice, while supporting own wt, it is also possible to be about to the bone supporting structure printed above it after support.
The bone support manufactured as required position on work top, heating unit is under the effect of motion platform, the position specified can be arrived quickly and easily, it is heated to bone support, size according to bone support simultaneously, under the effect of panel, utilize predetermined temperature to control parameter and bone support is heated.
Above-mentioned heat block 8 can be heating film, heats coil, the one in hot plate etc..
In order to prevent the heating environment that heat block 8 produces excessive, make the too fast evaporation of moisture of lines in the fabrication process, affect the adhesive property between preceding layer and the lines of later layer, bone support can not be integrally forming, upper sending down the fishbone support separates, above-mentioned heat block can not be too big, simultaneously, for the skeleton that cross-sectional area is very big, if heat block is too little, can cause that heating is insufficient, bone supporting structure caves in, thickness is between 3mm to 15mm, it is possible to according to different bone supports, select the heating-up temperature that the heat block of different-thickness is different with offer.In the process manufacturing bone support, the position of heat block is lower than extrusion mechanism, prevent heat block in the process providing heat to bone support, make the solution excessive evaporation do not extruded in extrusion mechanism, affect the mobility of solution, thus affecting the extrusion of lines and the manufacture of total, being typically chosen in after extrusion mechanism manufactured a part of bone support, starting to be heated bone support processing.
Fixed mount 7 can be changed, by changing different size, difform fixed mount, it is possible to achieve different size, the manufacture of difform bone support.
The shape of bone support is generally cylinder type, in order to enable bone support to be heated evenly, the shape of fixed mount 7 is designed to U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped, when manufacturing bone support, bone support is centrally located at the near center location of heat block 8 so that bone support can be heated uniformly.
nullAs shown in Figure 4，It it is the temperature conditioning unit operation principle flow chart of the present invention，In the process manufacturing bone support，First bone stent model is imported computer，The size of the panel cross sectional dimensions according to bone support and short transverse，Corresponding temperature parameter is obtained by existing temperature-controlled process，Bone is propped up the environment of frame peripheral and is heated by control heat block，Ambient temperature is detected by temperature sensor，The temperature real-time Transmission detected to panel，Form a closed loop thermal and control loop，If be detected that the temperature that sets lower than panel of temperature，Then panel outputs data to heat block，Heat block works on，When detecting that ambient temperature reaches design temperature，The program that panel continues according to setting judges，If within a period of time，Design temperature is smaller with the temperature gap detected，Automatically consider current heat losses fewer，Then control heat block to quit work，Until during beyond the lower limit of design temperature，Control heat block to work on，If within a period of time，Design temperature is relatively larger with the temperature gap detected，Then think that current heat losses is relatively more，Panel continues to control heat block work，It it is heating power of loweing，By comparing the difference of design temperature and detection temperature in real time，Regulate the heating power of heat block，Guarantee ambient temperature change in a scope allowed set.
nullAs shown in Figure 5，It it is the bone supporting structure for the long-pending size of varying cross-section and height dimension，Corresponding temperature adjusting areal map，When bone support cross-sectional area is smaller，Do not need too high temperature，Temperature just can pass to the inside of bone support，On the contrary，When bone support cross-sectional area is very big，Owing to the heat transfer rate of temperature is identical，Within the identical time，At the same temperature，In bone stent fabrication process，The inside that can cause bone support is not reaching to enough temperature，So that moisture is vaporized slowly，The bone supporting structure above it cannot be supported，Cause that structure cannot molding，Even result in and cave in，So needing higher temperature to make within the identical time，Temperature can transfer heat to bone internal stent，Even highly very low bone support，Owing to the cross-sectional area of now bone support is more much bigger than time normal，Therefore the moisture evaporation rate under room temperature cannot meet requirement，So needing for the auxiliary of heating unit，Simultaneously，Bone support for differing heights，When aspect ratio is relatively low，The construction weight that bone frame upper divides is lighter，The lower part of bone support can support completely，Avoid the need for being heated processing，Or temperature is controlled in room temperature，For highly high bone support，Needs are heated processing，The solidification utilizing lines carrys out bone and supports structure below，Concrete temperature control parameter can be found out from Fig. 5，When cross-sectional area is big，Time high highly again，Required heating-up temperature is the highest，For undersized support，Can not heat.
The bone supporting structure size of assembly of the invention manufacture is 225mm in the boundary size of cross-sectional area2And 900mm2, the boundary size of height is 15mm, 25mm and 50mm, and for the bio-ink of different materials, its moisture evaporation rate is also different, and therefore temperature exists a fluctuation, there is also certain common factor near boundary size.
Considering different seasons, temperature contrast is big, in order to ensure that support is consistent, the temperature of environment is controlled within the scope of a constant temperature, 20～24 DEG C.
As in figure 2 it is shown, a kind of large scale bone support manufacturing method, comprise the following steps:
1) powder body and viscous liquid are mixed according to a certain percentage, the full-bodied bio-ink required for configuration extrusion mechanism；
2) the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model input computer manufactured will be needed, delamination software hierarchy slicing is utilized to process, form respective code and be input in bone support manufacture device, floor height is arranged on 0.1～0.4 millimeter, extrusion lines are sized to 0.1～0.5mm, extrusion line stripe pitch is 50～2000 microns, and extrusion mechanism movement velocity is 2～40mm/s；
3) panel controls the work of all devices, extrusion mechanism manufactures position at the move under influence of three-dimensional motion working frame to the bone support set, by extrusion mechanism, bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below, the heating unit concrete size comprehensive adjustment under three-dimensional movement platform according to the three-dimensional bone supporting structure manufactured, change temperature parameter and heating power at any time simultaneously, when having manufactured one layer of supporting structure, temperature conditioning unit moves downward the distance of a layer together with work top along the Z axis track of three-dimensional motion working frame, heat block is with moving a segment distance on the Z axis track of tailing edge motion platform simultaneously, it is heated to freshly extruded next bone supporting structure, move in circles, the last three-dimensional bone supporting structure obtaining the long size of controlled Z-direction on work top.
4) supporting structure obtained being dried 24 hours in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, be then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1200 DEG C and be incubated 3 hours, in last stove, room temperature cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
Embodiment
As it is shown in fig. 7, be that the bone support utilizing the present invention manufactures the large-sized porous bone scaffold of short transverse that device manufactures, for the bone supporting structure of silicate material, the concrete manufacture process of support is described:
1) silicate powder is prepared by chemical synthesis process, the powder body of 5 to 10 microns of sizes is obtained by ball-milling treatment, configuration concentration PVA aqueous solution between 5% to 8%, then the ratio mix homogeneously of powder body and solution 1.4～1.6:1 by weight, extrudable full-bodied bio-ink is obtained；
2) the bone support cylindrical structure mode input computer manufactured will be needed, delamination software hierarchy slicing is utilized to process, form respective code and be input in bone support manufacture device, floor height is arranged on 0.5 millimeter, extrusion lines are sized to 1mm, extrusion line stripe pitch is 1.9mm, and extrusion mechanism movement velocity is 15mm/s；
3) panel controls the work of all devices, and original position is such as shown in Fig. 6 (a), and extrusion mechanism and heat block are all located at initial position；nullThen as shown in Fig. 6 (b)，Extrusion mechanism manufactures position at the move under influence of three-dimensional motion working frame to the bone support set，By extrusion mechanism, bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below，Heating unit according to the concrete size of the cylinder bracket structure manufactured at himself three-dimensional movement platform move under influence to relevant position，Heating and temperature control figure shown in Fig. 5 is heated simultaneously，When having manufactured one layer of bone supporting structure，Temperature conditioning unit moves downward the distance of a layer together with work top along Z axis，Heat block moves a segment distance on subsequently simultaneously，It is heated to freshly extruded next supporting structure，As shown in Fig. 6 (c)，Move in circles，The last three-dimensional bone supporting structure obtaining the long size of controlled Z-direction on work top，Extrusion mechanism and heat block are returned to respective initial position simultaneously，As shown in Fig. 6 (d).
4) supporting structure obtained being dried 24 hours in 100 DEG C of baking ovens, be then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1200 DEG C and be incubated 3 hours, in last stove, room temperature cooling obtains bone supporting structure, as shown in Figure 7.
Claims (10)
1. a large scale bone support manufactures device, working frame and temperature conditioning unit including work top, extrusion mechanism, driving work top or extrusion mechanism three-dimensional motion, it is characterized in that: described temperature conditioning unit includes heating unit, and drives the motion platform of heating unit three-dimensional motion；Described heating unit includes the fixed mount fixing with described motion platform and the heat block being arranged on fixed mount, and this heat block surrounds the work space that bone support is heated.
2. large scale bone support according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that: also including panel, described heating unit is controlled by this panel；Described heating unit also includes the temperature sensor of detection bone support ambient temperature, and panel gathers the temperature signal of this temperature sensor, realizes the control to heating unit according to temperature signal size.
3. large scale bone support according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that: described fixed mount one end and motion platform are installed fixing, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end；Described heat block is fixed in installation end, and U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped is arranged.
4. large scale bone support according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that: described heat block is heating film, heats coil, the one in hot plate.
5. large scale bone support according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that: the thickness of described heat block is between 3mm to 15mm.
6. large scale bone support according to claim 1 manufactures device, it is characterised in that: described motion platform includes:
The first horizontal rail is fixed with work top；
Vertical sliding motion is arranged on the second horizontal rail in the first horizontal rail；
Vertically it is slidably arranged in the Z axis track in the second horizontal rail；
Described fixed mount is arranged with Z axis slide by slide block.
7. a large scale bone support manufacturing method, it is characterised in that: adopt the large scale bone support described in any one of claim 1～6 to manufacture device, comprise the following steps:
(1) utilize delamination software by needing the bone scaffold three-dimensional structural model hierarchy slicing manufactured to process, form respective code；
(2) according to code, pre-configured bio-ink is ejected on work top located directly below by extrusion mechanism, heating unit adjusts heating location in real time simultaneously under motion platform drives, and work surface obtains the three-dimensional bone supporting structure of the long size of Z-direction；
(3) the bone supporting structure obtained being dried 20～48 hours in 80～120 DEG C of baking ovens, be then put into high temperature furnace high-temperature 1000～1500 DEG C and be incubated 2～4 hours, finally cooling obtains bone supporting structure.
8. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described three-dimensional bone supporting structure is column construction；Described fixed mount one end and motion platform are installed fixing, and the other end is provided with U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped installation end；Described heat block is fixed in installation end, and U-shaped or semicircular arc-shaped is arranged；Described three-dimensional bone supporting structure is arranged on heat block center.
9. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described bio-ink is the mixture of hydrogel solution and powder body；
Described hydrogel solution is one or more mixing in PVA hydrogel solution, CMC hydrogel solution, PEG-hydrogel solution；
Described powder body can be the mixing of one or more in silicate, phosphate, bio-vitric, and its particle diameter is between 1 to 10 microns.
10. large scale bone support manufacturing method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: it is that the large scale bone support described in claim 2 manufactures device that described large scale bone support manufactures device；Ambient temperature is detected by described temperature sensor, the temperature real-time Transmission detected to panel；
If be detected that the temperature that sets lower than panel of temperature, then panel output control signal is to heat block, and heat block continues heating；
If be detected that when temperature being detected at or below design temperature, panel proceed judge:
If within the setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected less than or equal to setting value, then control heat block and quit work；
If within the setting time, design temperature and the temperature gap detected, more than setting value, reduce the power of heat block, and panel continues to control heat block work.
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