CN105750544A - Automatic laser head focusing positioning device and focusing positioning method thereof - Google Patents

Automatic laser head focusing positioning device and focusing positioning method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105750544A
CN105750544A CN201610120846.8A CN201610120846A CN105750544A CN 105750544 A CN105750544 A CN 105750544A CN 201610120846 A CN201610120846 A CN 201610120846A CN 105750544 A CN105750544 A CN 105750544A
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laser head
temperature sensor
focusing
axis
temperature
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CN105750544B (en
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杨东辉
薛蕾
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Xian Bright Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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Xian Bright Laser Technologies Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic laser head focusing positioning device which comprises a focusing positioning sensor and a control system, wherein the focusing positioning sensor comprises four temperature sensors; a through hole is formed in the middle of the focusing positioning sensor; and the temperature sensors are arranged around the through hole. The invention also discloses a focusing positioning method of the device. The method comprises the following steps: moving a laser head to the upper side of the focusing positioning sensor and making the laser head pass through the through hole; respectively calculating the temperature differences of the temperature sensors in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and recording as T1 and T2; inputting a temperature error value +/-Tm, comparing T1 and T2 with +/-Tm, and moving the laser head in the X-axis and Y-axis directions for finishing X-axis and Y-axis positioning; recording real-time temperature data T0, recording current temperature data T1 after the laser head is moved by 2S1 upwards, comparing T0 and T1, moving the laser head in a Z axis for finishing Z-axis focusing, and finally, finishing overall laser head focusing positioning. According to the device and method disclosed by the invention, automatic and accurate laser head focusing positioning can be realized, and part forming precision is improved.

Description

A kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner and focusing localization method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to increasing material manufacturing technology field, relate to a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, the invention still further relates to the focusing localization method of said apparatus.
Background technology
Laser gain material manufacturing technology based on automatic powder feeding system, three-dimensional part model design is carried out by CAD/CAM software, three-dimensional part model is carried out hierarchy slicing and planning parameters of scanning paths by computer software, the slice information of above-mentioned generation and scanning information are imported powder feeding formula and increases material manufacture equipment, control system controls laser head along part Single Slice Mode path movement, control system control powder-feeding nozzle to be directly sent into by metal dust in laser molten pool and melt simultaneously, base material successively scans accumulation, completes the molding of part.
In the course of processing, laser head is before carrying out part Single Slice Mode, needs carry out focusing location, laser focal plane can be overlapped with being positioned at the control system reference point shaped on work platforms, control system controls laser head according to each point in part monolayer region to be scanned relative to the relative displacement controlling system reference point and is scanned shaping, thus ensureing the forming accuracy of part.Existing focusing localization method is: operator rely on naked eyes, experience to adjust laser head so that it is overlap with control system reference point, but, artificial focusing location time error is big, it is difficult to the exact position of guarantee laser head, thus affecting the precision of the part processed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, which solves existing powder feeding formula and increase the problem that material manufacture equipment laser head causes error big because of artificial focusing location.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the focusing localization method of said apparatus, solve existing powder feeding formula increase material manufacture equipment laser head need to manually focus location problem.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, including being positioned at the focusing alignment sensor and control system that shape on work platforms, focusing alignment sensor is connected with control system, focusing alignment sensor includes temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, temperature sensor C and temperature sensor D totally 4 sensors, and there is in the middle part of focusing alignment sensor through hole, through hole center overlaps with being positioned at the control system reference point shaped on work platforms;Temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, temperature sensor C and temperature sensor D lay around described through hole, temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, temperature sensor C and temperature sensor D are positioned on the coordinate axes to control the coordinate system that system reference point is initial point, temperature sensor A and temperature sensor C is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of X-axis, and temperature sensor D and temperature sensor B is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of Y-axis.
The feature of the present invention also resides in,
Through hole generally circular in shape or square.
The minimum light spot diameter that the minimum widith of through hole is launched more than laser head.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, control system control laser head and move above the focusing alignment sensor shaped on work platforms, open laser instrument, and are turned down by laser power, make laser traverse through hole simultaneously;
The real time temperature data Ta recorded, Tb, Tc, Td are sent to control system by step 2, temperature sensor A, temperature sensor B, temperature sensor C and temperature sensor D, and control system calculates the temperature difference T between X-direction temperature sensor respectively1, Ta-Tc;And the temperature difference T between Y direction temperature sensor2, T2=Tb-Td
Step 3, to control system input temperature difference error amount ± Tm, it is judged that T1With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the X-axis direction move, make T1It is positioned at ± TmIn scope, complete X-axis location;
Step 4, to control system input temperature difference error amount ± Tm, according to T2With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the Y-axis direction move, make T2It is positioned at ± TmIn scope, complete Y-axis location;
Step 5, record the real time temperature data T of current arbitrary temperature sensor0, control system control laser head moves up after certain distance, again records this temperature sensor current temperature data T1;Judge T0With T1Magnitude relationship, make laser head move to laser focal plane place in the Z-axis direction, complete Z axis focusing, be finally completed overall focusing and the location of laser head.
The feature of another technical scheme of the present invention also resides in,
Concrete determination methods in step 3 is: work as T1> TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis negative direction, repeats step 2;Work as T1<-TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis positive direction, repeats step 2;As-Tm< T1< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the X direction, namely positions successfully in X-direction.
Concrete determination methods in step 4 is: work as T2> TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis negative direction;Work as T2<-TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis positive direction;As-Tm< T2< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the Y direction, namely positions successfully in Y direction.
Concrete determination methods in step 5 is:
Work as T0T1Time, control system and control laser head with step-length 2S1Continuation moves, then this sensor sensing to temperature data taper into, when sensor temperature data trend takes a turn for the worse, laser head stops upper shifting, controls system and controls laser head decline S1, complete Z axis location;
Work as T0T1Time, control system and control laser head with step-length 2S1Move down, then this sensor sensing to temperature data taper into, when sensor temperature data trend takes a turn for the worse, laser head stop move down, control system control laser head rising S1, complete Z axis location.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, automatically laser head can be focused by this device and position, compared with Traditional Man focusing localization method, there is higher location efficiency, higher positioning precision, completely avoid artificial positioning mode and there is the problem of error, thus ensureing part forming precision, being suitable for large-scale industrialization promotion;
2) the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner, adjust the position of laser head by obtaining the temperature difference between two sensors being positioned in the positive negative direction of X-axis (or Y-axis), and final using the temperature difference for zero or less than the position of user's specification error place laser head as its location on X-axis (or Y-axis) direction;By obtaining not the temperature changing trend of same temperature sensor in the same time, regulate laser head position in the Z-axis direction, and the temperature changing trend detected with temperature sensor is when taking a turn for the worse, Z axis coordinate corresponding to laser head is laser focal plane position, thus completing the overall focusing location of laser head, without manual operation, it is greatly improved location efficiency.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention focuses the structural representation of alignment sensor of focusing in positioner;
Principle schematic when Z axis being focused in Fig. 3 present invention.
In figure, 1. focusing alignment sensor, 2. shape work platforms, 3. through hole, 4. control system, 5. temperature sensor A, 6. temperature sensor B, 7. temperature sensor C, 8. temperature sensor D.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
One laser head auto-focusing positioner of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, including being fixed on the focusing alignment sensor 1 and control system 4 that shape on work platforms 2, as shown in Figure 2, including temperature sensor A5, temperature sensor B6, temperature sensor C7 and temperature sensor D8 totally 4 sensors, and it is provided with through hole 3 in the middle part of focusing alignment sensor 1, and through hole 3 generally circular in shape or square, the minimum light spot diameter that the minimum widith of through hole 3 is launched more than laser head;Temperature sensor A5, temperature sensor B6, temperature sensor C7 and temperature sensor D8 lay around through hole 3, and four temperature sensors are positioned at same level, temperature sensor A5 and temperature sensor C7 is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of X-axis, and temperature sensor D8 and temperature sensor B6 is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of Y-axis.
The focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner of the present invention, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, control system 4 control laser head and move above the focusing alignment sensor 1 shaped on work platforms 2, open laser instrument, and are turned down by laser power, make laser traverse through hole 3 simultaneously;
Step 2, with through hole 3 for initial point set rectangular coordinate system in space, by temperature sensor A5, temperature sensor B6, temperature sensor C7 and temperature sensor D8, the real time temperature data Ta recorded, Tb, Tc, Td being sent to control system, control system 4 calculates the temperature difference T between X-direction temperature sensor respectively1, T1=Ta-Tc;And the temperature difference T between Y direction temperature sensor2, T2=Tb-Td
Step 3, input temperature difference error amount ± T to control system 4m, according to T1With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the X-axis direction move, make T1It is positioned at ± TmIn scope: work as T1> TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis negative direction, repeats step 2;Work as T1<-TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis positive direction, repeats step 2;As-Tm< T1< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the X direction, namely positions successfully in X-direction;
Step 4, input temperature difference error amount ± T to control system 4m, according to T2With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the Y-axis direction move, make T2It is positioned at ± TmIn scope: work as T2> TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis negative direction;Work as T2<-TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis positive direction;As-Tm< T2< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the Y direction, namely positions successfully in Y direction;
Step 5, record the real time temperature data T of current arbitrary temperature sensor 20, control system 4 controls laser head and moves up 2S1After, again record this temperature sensor 2 current temperature data T1, it is judged that T0With T1Magnitude relationship, work as T0T1Time, it was shown that laser focal plane is positioned at the lower section of sensor place plane, and control system 4 controls laser head with step-length 2S1Move in continuation, then the temperature data that this temperature sensor 2 senses tapers into, and when the temperature data trend of temperature sensor 2 takes a turn for the worse, laser head stops upper shifting, controls system and controls laser head decline S1, complete Z axis location;Work as T0T1Time, it was shown that laser focal plane is positioned at the top of sensor place plane, controls system and controls laser head with step-length 2S1Move down, then the temperature data that this temperature sensor 2 senses tapers into, and when temperature sensor 2 temperature data trend takes a turn for the worse, laser head stops moving down, and controls system and controls laser head rising S1, complete Z axis location, wherein, S1For controlling the minimum step unit of system 4.
The location focusing principle of this device is, this device localization method in X, Y direction is identical, namely be positioned between two sensors in the positive negative direction of X-axis (or Y-axis) temperature difference by acquisition and adjust the position of laser head, and final using the temperature difference for zero or less than the position of user's specification error place laser head as its location on X-axis (or Y-axis) direction.Its principle is that the laser beam of unsuccessful location is through sensing system aperture place, each temperature sensor can detect the temperature that on self-position, laser brings, owing to temperature sensor distributing position in X-axis (or Y-axis) is different, the distance of distance laser is also just different, measured by temperature sensor, actual temp numerical value also differs, laser head position on X-axis (or Y-axis) direction is adjusted by the difference according to sensor values, its temperature difference in X-axis (or Y-axis) is made to be zero or be maintained within the scope of user's specification error, namely laser head is positioned up merit in X-axis (or Y-axis) side.
After completing laser head location in X, Y direction, carry out the laser head focusing in Z-direction, focusing method is: by obtaining not the temperature changing trend of same temperature sensor in the same time, regulate laser head position in the Z-axis direction, and the temperature changing trend detected with temperature sensor is when taking a turn for the worse, the Z axis coordinate corresponding to laser head is laser focal plane position.Its principle is as shown in Figure 3, laser beam is generally the column being small at both ends and big in the middle, by laser optics principle it can be seen that minimum place, the focal plane place that is of laser facula radius, distance focal plane is more remote, spot radius is more big, arbitrary height place laser general power is identical again, therefore, when laser beam is started move through sensing system gradually from one end, the temperature that arbitrary temperature sensor senses arrives from large to small first, is changed from small to big again afterwards.Thus, in carrying out laser head focus process in the Z-axis direction, when sensor sensing to temperature changing trend take a turn for the worse time, namely laser focal plane and sensor place plane are in same plane, and laser head is focused successfully in the Z-axis direction.

Claims (7)

1. a laser head auto-focusing positioner, it is characterized in that: include being positioned at the focusing alignment sensor (1) shaped on work platforms (2) and controlling system (4), described focusing alignment sensor (1) is connected with controlling system (4), described focusing alignment sensor (1) includes temperature sensor A (5), temperature sensor B (6), temperature sensor C (7) and temperature sensor D (8) totally 4 sensors, and focusing alignment sensor (1) middle part has through hole (3), through hole (3) center overlaps with being positioned at control system (4) reference point shaped on work platforms (2);Described temperature sensor A (5), temperature sensor B (6), temperature sensor C (7) and temperature sensor D (8) lays around described through hole (3), temperature sensor A (5), temperature sensor B (6), temperature sensor C (7) and temperature sensor D (8) is positioned on the coordinate axes to control the coordinate system that system (3) reference point is initial point, temperature sensor A (5) and temperature sensor C (7) is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of X-axis, temperature sensor D (8) and temperature sensor B (6) is separately positioned in positive direction and the negative direction of Y-axis.
2. a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described through hole (3) generally circular in shape or square.
3. a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the minimum light spot diameter that the minimum widith of described through hole (3) is launched more than laser head.
4. the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
Step 1, the system (4) that controls control laser head and move to focusing alignment sensor (1) top shaped on work platforms (2), open laser instrument, and laser power is turned down, make laser traverse through hole (3) simultaneously;
The real time temperature data Ta recorded, Tb, Tc, Td are sent to control system by step 2, temperature sensor A (5), temperature sensor B (6), temperature sensor C (7) and temperature sensor D (8), control system (4) and calculate the temperature difference T between X-direction temperature sensor respectively1, T1=Ta-Tc;And the temperature difference T between Y direction temperature sensor2, T2=Tb-Td
Step 3, to control system (4) input temperature difference error amount ± Tm, according to T1With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the X-axis direction move, make T1It is positioned at ± TmIn scope, complete X-axis location;
Step 4, to control system (4) input temperature difference error amount ± Tm, according to T2With ± TmMagnitude relationship, make the fine setting that laser head carries out laser head in the Y-axis direction move, make T2It is positioned at ± TmIn scope, complete Y-axis location;
Step 5, record the real time temperature data T of current arbitrary temperature sensor (2)0, control system (4) control laser head moves up after certain distance, again records this temperature sensor (2) current temperature data T1;Judge T0With T1Magnitude relationship, make laser head move to laser focal plane place in the Z-axis direction, complete Z axis focusing, be finally completed overall focusing and the location of laser head.
5. the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the concrete determination methods in described step 3 is: work as T1> TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis negative direction, repeats step 2;Work as T1<-TmTime, then laser head moves to X-axis positive direction, repeats step 2;As-Tm< T1< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the X direction, namely positions successfully in X-direction.
6. the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the concrete determination methods in described step 4 is: work as T2> TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis negative direction;Work as T2<-TmTime, then laser head moves to Y-axis positive direction;As-Tm< T2< TmTime, then laser head remains stationary as in the Y direction, namely positions successfully in Y direction.
7. the focusing localization method of a kind of laser head auto-focusing positioner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the concrete determination methods in step 5 is: work as T0T1Time, control system (4) and control laser head with step-length 2S1Move in continuation, then the temperature data that this temperature sensor (2) senses tapers into, and when the temperature data trend of temperature sensor (2) takes a turn for the worse, laser head stops upper shifting, controls system and controls laser head decline S1, complete Z axis location;Work as T0T1Time, control system and control laser head with step-length 2S1Move down, then the temperature data that this temperature sensor (2) senses tapers into, and when temperature sensor (2) temperature data trend takes a turn for the worse, laser head stops moving down, and controls system and controls to move on laser head S1, complete Z axis location.
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Cited By (3)

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CN108723365A (en) * 2018-03-15 2018-11-02 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Burnt method and system are looked in a kind of laser 3D printing automatically
CN112887558A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-01 维沃移动通信有限公司 Focus tracking method and device and electronic equipment
CN114264233A (en) * 2021-12-24 2022-04-01 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 Scanning position calibration method, device and system

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WO2015086585A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Vertreten Durch Den Bundesminister Für Wirtschaft Und Energie, Dieser Vertreten Durch Den Präsidenten Der Bundesanstalt Für Materialforschung Und -Prüfung (Bam) Method for producing a three-dimensionally structured object by sintering and sintering method therefor

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108723365A (en) * 2018-03-15 2018-11-02 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Burnt method and system are looked in a kind of laser 3D printing automatically
CN112887558A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-01 维沃移动通信有限公司 Focus tracking method and device and electronic equipment
CN112887558B (en) * 2021-01-22 2022-08-05 维沃移动通信有限公司 Focus tracking method and device and electronic equipment
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CN114264233B (en) * 2021-12-24 2023-08-22 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 Scanning position calibration method, device and system

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