CN105749341B - 一种壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架及其制备方法，它采用在一定条件下分别静电纺丝纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜，浸泡在氢氧化钠溶液中去除未挥发的溶剂并水洗风干后，按一定配比将纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜在水中高速剪切成短纤维，分样、冷冻成型和冻干后可获得壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架。纳微米纤维共存的结构赋予支架良好的生物相容性和力学强度。该制备方法工艺简单，易于得到不同直径的壳聚糖纤维，相比于单纯的静电纺丝法，该法可容易地制备三维结构的支架。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架及其制备方法，属于生物医用材料技术领域。
背景技术
壳聚糖作为自然界中典型的天然碱性多糖，具有良好的抗菌消炎和生物相容性，受到研究者广泛地重视，目前在生物医用材料领域有重要的应用。Sundararajan V等人采用相分离技术首次制备了壳聚糖支架，其结构为数十到数百微米厚度的片状蜂窝结构，具有较好的生物学性能（Biomaterials,1999; 20:1133-1142）。胡巧玲等公开了三维有序多孔壳聚糖骨修复支架材料的制备方法（CN101366972），拓展了其应用。支架的微观结构对其综合性能有较大的影响，研究表明纳米纤维支架有较大的比表面积，可提供细胞粘附和分化的更好条件，但单纯的纳米纤维力学强度较低，无法承受支架植入过程的力学载荷。相比而言，微米纤维支架具有较好的力学性能。因此，在支架中同时具有纳米和微米纤维的微观结构则可以克服生物相容性和力学性能之间的矛盾。目前研究者多采用相分离的方法制备壳聚糖三维支架，但无法控制其纤维直径，或采用静电纺丝的方法获得二维的壳聚糖薄膜，但如何制备三维且同时具有纳微米纤维结构的壳聚糖支架制备方法尚未见报导。
发明内容
本发明的主要设想是采用静电纺丝的方法分别制备纳米和微米壳聚糖薄膜，按一定配比将纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜混合，并将壳聚糖薄膜高速剪切成短纤维，经冷冻干燥得到三维纳微米纤维壳聚糖支架。
本发明中三维纳微米壳聚糖支架的制备方法具体如下所述。
(1) 静电纺丝纳米壳聚糖纤维膜，配制壳聚糖5.0%的溶液，溶剂为三氟乙酸和二噁烷的混合物，体积比为70:30，纺丝电压为20kV。
(2) 静电纺丝微米壳聚糖纤维膜，配制壳聚糖7.5%的溶液，溶剂为三氟乙酸和二噁烷的混合物，体积比为90:10，纺丝电压为15kV。
(3) 将静电纺丝得到的纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜浸泡在0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中去除未挥发的溶剂，水洗风干后待用。
(4) 分别称取一定量的纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜，加入到一定量的水中，在水中高速剪切成短纤维。
(5) 分样至称量瓶中，在-18℃下冷冻成型，在冻干机中冻干后可获得壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架。
本发明制得的壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架为白色圆盘，其形状和高度可在分样中采用不同的容器和分样体积调节。纳微米纤维共存的结构赋予支架良好的生物相容性和力学强度。该制备方法工艺简单，制备中也可方便地调整纺丝条件得到不同直径的纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维，相比于单纯的静电纺丝法，该法可容易地制备三维结构的支架。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明内容作进一步的说明，但本发明的实现方式并不局限于此。
实施例1：分别取7ml的三氟乙酸和3ml的二噁烷，混合均匀，称取0.5g壳聚糖，搅拌溶解，静置12小时。将壳聚糖溶液加入到注射器中，通以20kV的电压纺丝，收集在接地的铝箔上，可获得壳聚糖纤维直径在50-300nm的薄膜。分别取27ml的三氟乙酸和3ml的二噁烷，混合均匀，称取2.25g壳聚糖，搅拌溶解，静置12小时。将壳聚糖溶液加入到注射器中，通以15kV的电压纺丝，收集在接地的铝箔上，可获得壳聚糖纤维直径在1-10μm的薄膜。将静电纺丝得到的纳米和微米纤维膜浸泡在0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中去除未挥发的溶剂，水洗风干。分别称取0.2g和0.8g纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜，在100ml水中高速剪切成短纤维，分样至称量瓶中，在-18℃下冷冻成型，在冻干机中冻干后可获得壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架。
实施例2：分别取35ml的三氟乙酸和15ml的二噁烷，混合均匀，称取2.5g壳聚糖，搅拌溶解，静置12小时。将壳聚糖溶液加入到注射器中，通以20kV的电压纺丝，收集在接地的铝箔上，可获得壳聚糖纤维直径在50-300nm的薄膜。分别取9ml的三氟乙酸和1ml的二噁烷，混合均匀，称取0.75g壳聚糖，搅拌溶解，静置12小时。将壳聚糖溶液加入到注射器中，通以15kV的电压纺丝，收集在接地的铝箔上，可获得壳聚糖纤维直径在1-10μm的薄膜。将静电纺丝得到的纳米和微米纤维膜浸泡在0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中去除未挥发的溶剂，水洗风干。分别称取2.4g和0.6g纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜，在100ml水中高速剪切成短纤维，分样至称量瓶中，在-18℃下冷冻成型，在冻干机中冻干后可获得壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架。
Claims (4)
1.一种壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架，其特征在于在一定条件下分别静电纺丝纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜，在0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中去除未挥发的溶剂并水洗风干后，按一定配比将纳米和微米壳聚糖纤维膜在水中高速剪切成短纤维，分样后在-18℃下冷冻成型，在冻干机中冻干后可获得壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架。
2.根据权利要求1所述的壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架，其特征在于静电纺丝纳米纤维膜时，壳聚糖浓度为5.0%，溶剂为三氟乙酸和二噁烷的混合物，体积比为70:30，纺丝电压为20kV。
3.根据权利要求1所述的壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架，其特征在于静电纺丝微米壳聚糖纤维膜时，壳聚糖浓度为7.5%，溶剂为三氟乙酸和二噁烷的混合物，体积比为90:10，纺丝电压为15kV。
4.根据权利要求1所述的壳聚糖纳微米纤维结构的三维支架，其特征在于纳米壳聚糖和微米壳聚糖的质量比为20:80或80:20，壳聚糖纳米微米纤维在水中的总浓度为1%（w/v）或3%（w/v）。
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| CN103127553A (zh) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-05 | 青岛大学 | 一种纳米微米结构共存壳聚糖双层支架的制备方法 |
| CN103285424A (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-11 | 东华大学 | 一种三维纤维基气凝胶组织工程支架及其制备方法 |
| WO2014160019A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | Lifenet Health | Aligned fiber and method of use thereof |
| CN104888278A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-09 | 东华大学 | 一种纳/微米纤维三维多孔结构支架材料及其制备和应用 |
| CN105107022A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 东华大学 | 一种在湿态下具有压缩弹性的纳米纤维多孔支架的制备方法 |
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| CN103127553A (zh) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-05 | 青岛大学 | 一种纳米微米结构共存壳聚糖双层支架的制备方法 |
| WO2014160019A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-10-02 | Lifenet Health | Aligned fiber and method of use thereof |
| CN103285424A (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-11 | 东华大学 | 一种三维纤维基气凝胶组织工程支架及其制备方法 |
| CN104888278A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-09 | 东华大学 | 一种纳/微米纤维三维多孔结构支架材料及其制备和应用 |
| CN105107022A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 东华大学 | 一种在湿态下具有压缩弹性的纳米纤维多孔支架的制备方法 |
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