CN105748657A - 一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂 - Google Patents
一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：13~16份甘草、10~16份黄芪、8~12份桑枝、5~7份牛蒡子、5~8份山楂、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份紫锥菊、2~4份蚂蚁、3~5份蛴螬、0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂。本发明药剂的各组分搭配合理，具有清热泻火、消炎止痢之功效，对幼鸡白痢病有显著的治疗效果，且见效快、使用安全方便，又不易产生耐药性，平时亦可长期喂食，起到预防疾病、提高野鸡机体体质、降低发病率的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种家禽类药物，具体涉及一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂。
背景技术
鸡白痢是由沙门氏杆菌引起的一种急性、败血性传染病，世界各地均有发生，发病率和死亡率均高，在野鸡养殖中可以发现，多以1周龄~3周龄以内的幼龄野鸡的发病率和死亡率最高。病鸡以幼鸡拉白色稀便及糊肛为主要特征，表现食欲减退、缩头呆立、嗜睡、下痢和心肌、肝、肺等器官上有坏死性结节。病理剖检：可见卵黄吸收不良，卵黄囊皱缩，内容物呈淡黄色、油脂状和干酪样；部分鸡可见化脓性关节炎，肝脏肿大、出血，呈土黄色，有粟粒大灰白色坏死灶，胆囊扩张，脾脏肿大、出血，质地变脆；部分鸡出现肺脏充血、肾脏肿大、盲肠膨大、心脏扩张、肺炎和大小肠出血等病理变化。目前鸡白痢已严重影响着幼鸡的成活率及鸡群质量，给养殖业造成巨大的经济损失。现有技术主要采用抗菌药物进行预防和治疗鸡白痢，但抗生素使用不当或滥用，往往达不到控制该病的目的，还常常导致药物残留和耐菌株的出现，治疗效果差。CN101947270公开了一种治疗鸡白痢的气雾剂，采用黄连、黄柏、大黄、板蓝根、甘草、黄芪配伍成中药，通过提取、活性炭脱色、加入辅料和抛射剂制成气雾剂。对鸡的白痢疾病具有很好的治疗效果，但是在治疗过程中发现其见效较慢，对幼鸡的适口性差，需要人工喷射给药，增加了人们的劳动强度。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，具有见效快、施用方便、不会产生抗药性和药物残留的特点。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
13~16份甘草、10~16份黄芪、8~12份桑枝、5~7份牛蒡子、5~8份山楂、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份紫锥菊、2~4份蚂蚁、3~5份蛴螬、0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂。
进一步的，所述司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后的颗粒大小为80~100目。
一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将13~16份甘草、10~16份黄芪、8~12份桑枝、5~7份牛蒡子、5~8份山楂、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份紫锥菊混合粉碎后，再加入其总质量3~5倍的蒸馏水，沸煮1.2~1.3h后过滤得一次滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将2~4份蚂蚁、3~5份蛴螬与步骤（1）中的滤渣混合后，再加入其总质量2~4倍的蒸馏水，沸煮0.4~0.6h后过滤得二次滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤的一次滤液和二次滤液混合后，并蒸发浓缩至原体积的1/3得浓缩液备用，最后将0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后加入到浓缩液中混合均匀，并加入柠檬酸调节溶液PH值为6~7后即得中药液剂。
本发明药剂的成分中：甘草：能祛痰止咳，保护发炎的咽喉和气管的粘膜。黄芪：具有益气固表、敛汗固脱、利水消肿之功效，用于治疗气虚乏力，中气下陷，久泻脱肛等症状。桑枝：具有去骨火、退热、清肝、明目的效果。牛蒡子：有很好的抗菌效果，尤其对于金黄色葡萄球菌，可很好的提高机体免疫力。山楂：味酸甘，具有消积食，散淤血，驱绦虫，抑制细菌、治疗腹痛腹泻的作用。白花蛇舌草：具有清热解毒、利尿消肿、活血止痛等功效。紫锥菊：对金黄色葡萄球菌、B族链球菌、克雷伯杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌等均有较好的抑制作用，具有抗菌消炎、增强机体免疫力的功能。蚂蚁：具有补肾益精、通经活络、解毒消肿的作用。蛴螬：具有破血，行瘀，散结的作用。司卡摩尼亚脂：可清除异常体液质和异常胆液质，燥湿退肿，祛寒止痛，驱虫补胃。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
（1）添加的司卡摩尼亚脂可促进肠胃蠕动，增强幼鸡的消化能力，与山楂共同作用增强幼鸡的食欲，保证其正常进食，有助于康复治疗。
（2）添加的蚂蚁、蛴螬成分，可提高幼鸡的机体免疫力，对鸡白痢的疾病治疗有很好的促进作用，且可改善液体药剂的气味，诱使幼鸡主动服用，降低了人工劳动强度，并为蛴螬害虫提供了一种新的应用渠道。
（3）本发明药剂的各组分搭配合理，具有清热泻火、消炎止痢之功效，对幼鸡白痢病有显著的治疗效果，且见效快、使用安全方便，又不易产生耐药性，平时亦可长期喂食，起到预防疾病、提高野鸡机体体质、降低发病率的效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
15份甘草、12份黄芪、8份桑枝、6份牛蒡子、5份山楂、6份白花蛇舌草、4份紫锥菊、2份蚂蚁、3份蛴螬、0.7份司卡摩尼亚脂。
进一步的，所述司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后的颗粒大小为80~100目。
一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将15份甘草、12份黄芪、8份桑枝、6份牛蒡子、5份山楂、6份白花蛇舌草、4份紫锥菊混合粉碎后，再加入其总质量3倍的蒸馏水，沸煮1.2~1.3h后过滤得一次滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将2份蚂蚁、3份蛴螬与步骤（1）中的滤渣混合后，再加入其总质量2倍的蒸馏水，沸煮0.4~0.6h后过滤得二次滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤的一次滤液和二次滤液混合后，并蒸发浓缩至原体积的1/3得浓缩液备用，最后将0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后加入到浓缩液中混合均匀，并加入柠檬酸调节溶液PH值为6~7后即得中药液剂。
对比例1
使用CN101947270公开了一种治疗鸡白痢的气雾剂，采用黄连、黄柏、大黄、板蓝根、甘草、黄芪配伍成中药，通过提取、活性炭脱色、加入辅料和抛射剂制成气雾剂作为对比例1。
对比例2
使用庆大霉素作为对比例2。
空白对照组
生理盐水。
实验例
选取10~20日龄的幼鸡，幼鸡拉白色稀便及产生糊肛现象，食欲减退、缩头呆立、嗜睡、下痢。剖检证明，其为鸡白痢疾病。选取此类幼鸡400只，随机均分为四组，分别用实施例1、对比例1、对比例2和空白对照组所述的物质进行治疗6天，相应对比数据如下：
| 实施例1 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 空白对照组 | |
| 治愈率（%） | 90 | 86 | 79 | - |
| 有效率（%） | 97 | 95 | 89 | - |
| 无效率（%） | 3 | 5 | 11 | - |
| 平均治愈时长（天） | 3.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | - |
上表中，治愈率：试验结束后，病鸡症状消失，精神转好，食欲增长，完全恢复正常的鸡占该组鸡的比例。有效率：试验结束后，鸡病症状、精神、食欲明显好转的鸡占该组鸡的比例。无效率：试验期间出现症状，试验结束后仍不见症状消失的鸡占该组鸡的比例。平均治愈时长：被治愈的幼鸡从实验开始至治愈结束，平均每只被治愈的幼鸡康复所用时长。
在实验中发现，本发明实施例1的中药液剂放于鸡圈内，幼鸡可自行引用，而对比例1气雾剂需要人工捕获喷施，实施例1中幼鸡每次饮用的总时长平均为30min，而对比例1每次人工作业的总时长平均为75min，可见本发明药剂使用较为简单方便。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，其特征在于，由如下重量份的物质制成：
13~16份甘草、10~16份黄芪、8~12份桑枝、5~7份牛蒡子、5~8份山楂、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份紫锥菊、2~4份蚂蚁、3~5份蛴螬、0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂，其特征在于，所述司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后的颗粒大小为80~100目。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的用于幼龄野鸡防治鸡白痢的中药液剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）将13~16份甘草、10~16份黄芪、8~12份桑枝、5~7份牛蒡子、5~8份山楂、5~8份白花蛇舌草、4~6份紫锥菊混合粉碎后，再加入其总质量3~5倍的蒸馏水，沸煮1.2~1.3h后过滤得一次滤液和滤渣备用；
（2）将2~4份蚂蚁、3~5份蛴螬与步骤（1）中的滤渣混合后，再加入其总质量2~4倍的蒸馏水，沸煮0.4~0.6h后过滤得二次滤液备用；
（3）将上述步骤的一次滤液和二次滤液混合后，并蒸发浓缩至原体积的1/3得浓缩液备用，最后将0.5~1份司卡摩尼亚脂研磨后加入到浓缩液中混合均匀，并加入柠檬酸调节溶液PH值为6~7后即得中药液剂。
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