CN105743309A - Permanent magnet excitation electric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a motor generator with permanent magnet excitation, which includes a shaft, a casing, a first stator core, a first permanent magnet, a first stator pole, an armature winding, a rotor core, a second stator pole, a second The permanent magnet and the second stator core; the disc-shaped rotor core is fixed on the shaft, and the two ends of the rotor core in the axial direction have rotor poles protruding in the axial direction; behind every three first stator poles there is a The first permanent magnet in the shape of a circular sector, behind the first permanent magnet is a circular first stator core; behind every three second stator poles there is a second permanent magnet in the shape of a circular sector, and the second permanent magnet Behind the ring is the second stator core; each of the first stator pole and the second stator pole is wound with a concentrated armature coil. The motor-generator with permanent magnet excitation of the present invention can be used as a generator or as a motor. By staggering the first stator pole and the second stator pole by a certain angle, six-phase windings with complementary phase angles can be obtained, effectively The power density and torque density of the motor are improved.

Description

Permanent Magnet Excitation Motor Generator

technical field

The invention relates to a motor generator with permanent magnet excitation, which belongs to the technical field of automobile electric appliances.

Background technique

my country is rich in rare earth resources, and the development and application of permanent magnet energy-saving motors has great strategic significance. Permanent magnet motors have many advantages such as high efficiency, high power density, simple structure and reliable operation. Therefore, permanent magnet motors are widely used in fields such as industry, civil, military and aerospace. Because the disc motor belongs to the axial field motor, it has the characteristics of short axial dimension, compact structure, light weight, small volume, high power density, etc., so it is especially suitable for occasions with special requirements for motor volume such as wind power generation and electric vehicles.

The traditional permanent magnet motor is to place the permanent magnet in the rotor core. This method can combine the advantages of the permanent magnet motor and the disc motor, and has high reliability and low electrical loss. However, the permanent magnets in the rotor will increase the difficulty of fixing the permanent magnets, and a special protective cover is required to protect the permanent magnets to prevent damage to the permanent magnets caused by high-speed rotation. Therefore, if a motor generator with permanent magnets and armature windings placed in the stator is invented, the temperature rise problem of the traditional disc permanent magnet motor can be avoided, and the reliability and dynamic performance of the motor can be improved.

Among the similar patents, the invention patent application with the application number 201310277469.5: a disc motor, a disc motor in this application adopts a single disc structure, the stator is fixed on the motor housing, and the rotor is fixed on the rotor shaft Above, the permanent magnets are fixed on the permanent magnet rotor and opposite to the stator core. Although this structure combines the advantages of compact structure and high power density of disc motor and permanent magnet motor, the problem of difficult adjustment of the air gap magnetic field still restricts its development.

The problem of difficult adjustment of the air-gap magnetic field generated by the single-disk permanent magnet motor can be effectively improved by adopting a motor with a double-disc permanent magnet structure. In the existing technology, the existing related applications mainly include the invention patent application with the application number: 201510786946.X: stator permanent magnet double salient pole disc motor, the stator permanent magnet double salient pole disc motor of this application It consists of two stators, a rotor, armature windings, permanent magnets, and a motor shaft. In the stator permanent magnet type double salient pole disc motor, the permanent magnet is embedded in the stator iron core, and the permanent magnet is magnetized along the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention adopts a double-disc structure, two annular permanent magnets are fixed on the stator core, and each permanent magnet has three stator poles. The structure of the present invention can effectively increase the power density and torque density of the motor while reducing the volume of the motor.

At present, the applicant has searched at home and abroad, but has not found a permanent magnet excitation motor generator involved in the present invention, which adopts a double-disk, circular sector permanent magnet structure, and can be used as a generator or as a motor. , by staggering the first stator pole and the second stator pole by a certain angle, a six-phase winding with complementary phase angles can be obtained, which can effectively improve the power density and torque density of the motor.

Contents of the invention

In order to invent a motor generator with permanent magnet excitation, which has a simple structure, easy heat dissipation and cooling, and convenient adjustment of the air gap magnetic field, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A motor generator with permanent magnet excitation, comprising a shaft (1), a casing (2), a first stator core (3), a first permanent magnet (4), a first stator pole (5), an armature winding , a rotor core (9), a second stator pole (10), a second permanent magnet (14) and a second stator core (15), characterized in that:

A disc-shaped rotor core (9) is fixed on the shaft (1), and under the action of the bearing, the shaft (1) can drive the rotor core (9) to rotate;

The rotor core (9) has axially protruding rotor poles on both end faces in the axial direction;

There are first stator poles (5) and second stator poles (10) on both axial sides of the rotor core (9), respectively, and both the first stator poles (5) and the second stator poles (10) are annular sectors; Behind every three first stator poles (5) there is a ring-shaped first permanent magnet (4); behind the first permanent magnet (4) is a ring-shaped first stator core (3); Behind every three second stator poles (10) there is a ring-shaped second permanent magnet (14); behind the second permanent magnet (14) is a ring-shaped second stator core (15);

The magnetization directions of the two adjacent first permanent magnets (4) are opposite;

The first stator pole (5), the first permanent magnet (4) and the first stator core (3) are sequentially fixed inside the housing (2) on one side of the motor, the second stator pole (10), the second permanent magnet (14) and the second stator core (15) are sequentially fixed inside the housing (2) on the other side of the motor;

Each of the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) is wound with a concentrated armature coil, and the corresponding armature coils of the same piece of first permanent magnet (4) have the same winding direction, and the same piece of The armature coils corresponding to the second permanent magnet (14) wind in the same direction; the armature coils corresponding to the adjacent two first permanent magnets (4) wind in the opposite direction, and the corresponding armature coils of the adjacent two second permanent magnets (14) The armature coils are wound in opposite directions; each armature coil is connected in series or in parallel to form an armature winding.

The motor generator with permanent magnet excitation as described above is characterized in that:

When the rotor pole slides into the stator pole where the armature winding of a phase is located, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase increases; when the rotor pole slides out of the stator pole of the armature winding of a phase, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase decrease;

The prime mover drives the shaft (1) to rotate, the three-phase armature winding induces a three-phase AC voltage, and the permanent magnet excited motor-generator can operate as a generator;

Pass positive current to the one-phase armature winding with flux linkage rising, and pass negative current to the one-phase armature winding with flux linkage falling, so that the permanent magnet excited motor generator can operate as a motor and output positive torque to the outside.

The motor generator with permanent magnet excitation as described above is characterized in that:

The armature coils of the same phase are connected in series to form a one-phase armature winding; the armature winding on the first stator core (3) can be divided into three phases, and the armature winding on the second stator core (15) can also be divided into three phases. three-phase;

By staggering the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) by a certain angle, six-phase windings with complementary phase angles can be obtained.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1) The motor-generator of the permanent magnet excitation of the present invention adopts the permanent disk type structure and has the advantages of simple structure, easy heat dissipation and cooling, short axial length and high efficiency;

(2) A motor-generator with a novel structure is disclosed. There are first stator poles and second stator poles on both sides of the rotor core axially, and there is a piece of ring-shaped permanent magnet behind the stator poles. This structure can Effectively improve the power density and torque density of the motor;

(3) The rectangular permanent magnet is fixed on the stator core, unlike the traditional disc permanent magnet generator, the permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor, which improves the mechanical strength of the generator rotor;

(4) The present invention can work both as a generator and as a motor. By staggering the first stator pole and the second stator pole by a certain angle, a six-phase winding with complementary phase angles can be obtained, which can effectively solve the problem of the air gap magnetic field Difficult to adjust problem.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. Among them: 1. Shaft, 2. Shell, 3. First stator core, 4. First permanent magnet, 5. First stator pole, 6. A-phase armature winding, 9. Rotor core, 10. Second Stator pole, 11, D phase armature winding, 14, second permanent magnet, 15 second stator core.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the armature winding of the first stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. Among them: 1. Shaft, 3. First stator core, 5. First stator pole, 6. A-phase armature winding, 7. B-phase armature winding, 8. C-phase armature winding.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the armature winding of the second stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. Among them: 1. shaft, 10. second stator pole, 11. D-phase armature winding, 12. E-phase armature winding, 13. F-phase armature winding, 15. second stator core.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the permanent magnet of the first stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. Wherein: 1. the shaft, 4. the first permanent magnet.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator rotor of the present invention. Among them: 1. shaft, 9. rotor core, 16. rotor pole.

detailed description

The invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. A motor generator with permanent magnet excitation, consisting of a shaft (1), a casing (2), a first stator core (3), a first permanent magnet (4), a first stator pole (5), an armature winding, and a rotor Iron core (9), second stator pole (10), second permanent magnet (14) and second stator iron core (15). A disc-shaped rotor core (9) is fixed on the shaft (1), and under the action of the bearing, the shaft (1) can drive the rotor core (9) to rotate. The rotor core (9) has axially protruding rotor poles on both end faces in the axial direction, and the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) are respectively arranged on both axial sides of the rotor core (9). . Behind every three first stator poles (5) there is a piece of circular sector-shaped first permanent magnet (4), and behind the first permanent magnet (4) is a circular first stator core (3). Behind every three second stator poles (10) there is a circular sector-shaped second permanent magnet (14), and behind the second permanent magnet (14) is a circular second stator core (15). The first stator pole (5), the first permanent magnet (4) and the first stator core (3) are sequentially fixed inside the housing (2) on one side of the motor, the second stator pole (10), the second permanent magnet (14) and the second stator core (15) are sequentially fixed inside the shell (2) on the other side of the motor. A concentrated armature winding is wound on each of the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10).

Fig. 2 is a side view of the armature winding of the first stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. The shown circular first stator core (3) has six first stator poles protruding in the shape of circular ring sectors. Each first stator pole has an armature coil wound along a direction perpendicular to the axis, and the armature coils of the same phase are connected in series to form a phase armature winding, and the armature winding is a centralized winding. Behind every three first stator poles (5) there is a circular sector-shaped first permanent magnet (4), and the corresponding A-phase armature winding (6) and B-phase motor of the same first permanent magnet (4) The armature winding (7) and the C-phase armature winding (8) have the same winding direction, and the armature windings corresponding to two adjacent first permanent magnets (4) have opposite winding directions.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the armature winding of the second stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the permanent magnet of the first stator pole of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention. As shown in the figure: two annular sector-shaped first permanent magnets (4) are fixed on the first stator core (3), and the magnetization directions of two adjacent first permanent magnets (4) are opposite.

Fig. 5 is a side view of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator rotor of the present invention. The disc-type rotor core (9) shown is fixed on the shaft (1). Under the action of the bearing, the shaft (1) can drive the rotor core (9) to rotate. The rotor core (9) is on the two axial end faces There are 4 rotor poles protruding axially.

The working principle of the permanent magnet excitation motor generator proposed by the present invention will be described below.

As mentioned above, in the permanent magnet excitation motor generator of the present invention, the armature winding on the first stator core can be divided into three phases, and the armature winding on the second stator core can also be divided into three phases. By staggering the first stator pole and the second stator pole by a certain angle, a six-phase winding with complementary phase angles can be obtained. When the rotor pole slides into the stator pole where the armature winding of a phase is located, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase increases; when the rotor pole slides out of the stator pole of the armature winding of a phase, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase decrease.

When the motor-generator with permanent magnet excitation of the present invention operates as a generator, the prime mover drives the shaft to rotate, the three-phase armature winding induces a three-phase AC voltage, and the motor-generator with permanent magnet excitation can operate as a generator.

When the motor generator with permanent magnet excitation of the present invention operates as a motor, a positive current is passed to the one-phase armature winding whose flux linkage rises, and a negative current is passed to a one-phase armature winding whose flux linkage descends. The generator can then operate as a motor and output positive torque to the outside.

It should be pointed out that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of All changes and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. The motor generator with permanent magnet excitation consists of a shaft (1), a bearing, a casing (2), a first stator core (3), a first permanent magnet (4), a first stator pole (5), an electric Pivot winding, rotor core (9), second stator pole (10), second permanent magnet (14) and second stator core (15), characterized in that: A disc-shaped rotor core (9) is fixed on the shaft (1), and under the action of the bearing, the shaft (1) can drive the rotor core (9) to rotate; The rotor core (9) has axially protruding rotor poles on both end faces in the axial direction; The two axial sides of the rotor core (9) are respectively the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10), and the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) are both in the shape of a ring sector; Behind every three first stator poles (5) there is a ring-shaped first permanent magnet (4); behind the first permanent magnet (4) is a ring-shaped first stator core (3); Behind every three second stator poles (10) there is a ring-shaped second permanent magnet (14); behind the second permanent magnet (14) is a ring-shaped second stator core (15); The magnetization directions of the adjacent two first permanent magnets (4) or second permanent magnets (14) are opposite; The first stator pole (5), the first permanent magnet (4) and the first stator core (3) are sequentially fixed inside the housing (2) on one side of the motor generator, and the second stator pole (10), The second permanent magnet (14) and the second stator core (15) are sequentially fixed inside the shell (2) on the other side of the motor generator; Each of the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) is respectively wound with a centralized armature coil, and the armature coils corresponding to the same first permanent magnet (4) have the same winding direction, and the same The armature coils corresponding to a second permanent magnet (14) wind in the same direction; the armature coils corresponding to two adjacent first permanent magnets (4) wind in opposite directions, and the corresponding armature coils of two adjacent second permanent magnets (14) The armature coils are wound in opposite directions; each armature coil is connected in series or in parallel to form an armature winding. 2. The motor-generator of permanent magnet excitation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: When the rotor pole slides into the stator pole where the armature winding of a phase is located, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase increases; when the rotor pole slides out of the stator pole of the armature winding of a phase, the flux linkage of the armature winding of the phase decrease; The prime mover drives the shaft (1) to rotate, the three-phase armature winding induces a three-phase AC voltage, and the permanent magnet excited motor-generator can operate as a generator; Pass positive current to the one-phase armature winding with flux linkage rising, and pass negative current to the one-phase armature winding with flux linkage falling, so that the permanent magnet excited motor generator can operate as a motor and output positive torque to the outside. 3. The motor generator of permanent magnet excitation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The armature coils of the same phase are connected in series to form a one-phase armature winding; the armature winding on the first stator core (3) can be divided into three phases, and the armature winding on the second stator core (15) can also be divided into three phases. three-phase; By staggering the first stator pole (5) and the second stator pole (10) by a certain angle in the circumferential direction, six-phase windings with complementary phase angles can be obtained.