CN105742656A

CN105742656A - Zinc-iodine flow battery

Info

Publication number: CN105742656A
Application number: CN201410776231.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张华民; 程元徽; 赖勤志; 李先锋; 席晓丽; 王郴慧
Original assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2014-12-11
Filing date: 2014-12-11
Publication date: 2016-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2034-12-11
Also published as: CN105742656B

Abstract

The invention provides a zinc-iodine flow battery, which comprises a battery module, a positive electrolyte storage tank, a negative electrolyte storage tank, a circulating pump and a circulating pipeline, wherein the battery module is formed by connecting more than one or two of single batteries in series; each single battery comprises a positive end plate, a negative end plate, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a membrane; the negative oxidation-reduction couple is Zn<2+>/Zn; and the positive oxidation-reduction couple is I3<->/I<->. The energy density of the battery is high; and meanwhile, the zinc-iodine flow battery has the characteristics of being long in cycle lifetime, low in cost, simple in structure and simple in manufacturing technology.

Description

A kind of zinc iodine flow battery

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of zinc iodine flow battery, can be widely applied to electrochmical power source, electric automobile, the field such as electronics industry and mining and metallurgy.

Technical background

It is continuously increased the raising day by day with living standard along with population, the demand of the energy is surged by people, traditional fossil energy can not meet people's needs in the near future, and therefore the development and utilization of the regenerative resource such as wind energy, solar energy receives significant attention.But these regenerative resources have discontinuous, unstable, limited by territorial environment and grid-connected man's characteristic, cause that its utilization rate is low, abandoning wind, to abandon light rate high, wastes resource.And energy storage technology can improve renewable energy utilization rate and stability by the storage of energy and release, it it is the key technology developing new forms of energy.

Flow battery is a kind of electrochemical energy storage technology being suitable for extensive energy storage, is characterized in realizing storage and the release of energy by storing the variation of valence of chemical element in the electrolytic solution.The system that development is comparatively ripe at present has all-vanadium flow battery, zinc cerium flow battery, zinc-bromine flow battery and sodium polysulphide bromine flow battery etc., but the energy density of above battery is relatively low, and storage, transport and material cost are high, limit its application.

Summary of the invention

For achieving the above object, the concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of zinc iodine flow battery, monocell is made up of both positive and negative polarity end plate, positive pole, negative pole, barrier film, fluid reservoir, pipeline, pump, and wherein cathode oxidation reduction electricity is to for Zn²⁺/ Zn, positive pole oxidation-reduction pair is I₃ ^-/I^-；During charging, electrolyte is delivered to positive pole and negative pole via pump from fluid reservoir, and zinc ion is metallic zinc at cathodic reduction, I^-Ion is oxidized to I at positive pole₃ ^-；During electric discharge, zinc simple substance is that zinc ion is via being pumped back in positive pole fluid reservoir in cathode oxidation；I^3-Ion is reduced to I at positive pole^-Ion, via being pumped back in negative pole fluid reservoir.

Battery is made up of battery module, electrolyte fluid reservoir, circulating pump, circulation line；Battery module is saved above cells in series by a joint or one and forms, and monocell includes both positive and negative polarity end plate, positive pole, negative pole and barrier film.

Described positive pole positive pole and negative pole all adopt tabular or cellular metal, material with carbon element, and barrier film is ion exchange membrane, perforated membrane or microporous membrane.

In anode electrolyte containing I^-Ionic active is one or more in KI, LiI or NaI, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～saturated solution；In electrolyte containing I₃ ^-Ionic active is dissolved in KI, LiI or NaI by iodine and is formed, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～5moldm^-3；Some additives can also be added and improve the electric conductivity of electrolyte, such as K₂SO₄、KNO₃、Na₂SO₄, and NaNO₃In one or more, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～3moldm^-3。

In electrolyte liquid is ZnSO containing zinc ion active substance₄Or Zn (NO₃)₂, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～3moldm^-3；Some additives can also be added and improve the electric conductivity of electrolyte, such as K₂SO₄、KNO₃、Na₂SO₄, and NaNO₃In one or more, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～3moldm^-3。

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

Preferred by oxidation-reduction pair, it is proposed that the concept of zinc iodine flow battery, cathode oxidation reduction electricity is to for Zn²⁺/ Zn, positive pole oxidation-reduction pair is I₃ ^-/I^-；And I₃ ^-/I^-Electricity to the high (8molL of dissolubility^-1Above), therefore the energy density of battery is high, have simultaneously have extended cycle life, cost is low, structure and the simple feature of manufacturing process.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is monocell schematic diagram；1, positive end plate；2, negative end plate；3, positive pole；4, negative pole；5, film；6,7, pump；8, anode electrolyte fluid reservoir；9, electrolyte liquid fluid reservoir.

Fig. 2 is zinc iodine battery battery performance figure prepared by embodiment.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment

1. electrolyte configuration:

Anode electrolyte: aqueous solution 40ml, wherein contains 0.1moldm^-3I₂, 1moldm^-3KI and 0.03moldm^-3LiI。

Electrolyte liquid: aqueous solution 40ml, wherein contains 1moldm^-3ZnSO₄。

2. battery assembles:

Monocell positive end plate successively, positive pole (3x3cm²Graphite felt), barrier film (Nafion115), negative pole (3x3cm²Graphite felt), negative end plate；Single-cell structure and system are shown in Fig. 1.

3. battery testing:

Electrolyte flow rate is 5ml/min, charging and discharging currents density 10mA/cm², the charging interval is 1h, and discharge cut-off voltage is 0.8V.Seeing that Fig. 2 can be seen that from battery performance, the average energy efficiency of this battery has reached about 73%.

Claims

1. a zinc iodine flow battery, battery is made up of battery module, anode electrolyte fluid reservoir, electrolyte liquid fluid reservoir, circulating pump, circulation line；Battery module is saved above cells in series by a joint or two and forms, and monocell includes both positive and negative polarity end plate, positive pole, negative pole and barrier film, it is characterised in that: cathode oxidation reduction electricity is to for Zn²⁺/ Zn, positive pole oxidation-reduction pair is I₃ ^-/I^-。

2. zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: during charging, positive and negative pole electrolyte is delivered to positive pole and negative pole via pump from positive and negative pole electrolyte fluid reservoir respectively respectively, and zinc ion is metallic zinc at cathodic reduction, I^-Ion is oxidized to I at positive pole₃ ^-；During electric discharge, zinc simple substance is that zinc ion is via being pumped back in positive pole fluid reservoir in cathode oxidation；I^3-Ion is reduced to I at positive pole^-Ion, via being pumped back in negative pole fluid reservoir.

3. zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: containing I in the anode electrolyte in anode electrolyte fluid reservoir^-Ionic active and containing I₃ ^-Ionic active；Containing I^-Ionic active is one or more in KI, LiI or NaI, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～saturated solution；In electrolyte containing I₃ ^-Ionic active is dissolved in KI, LiI or NaI by iodine and is formed, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～5moldm^-3。

4. zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the electrolyte liquid in electrolyte liquid fluid reservoir is ZnSO containing zinc ion active substance₄Or Zn (NO₃)₂, concentration range 0.1moldm^-3～3moldm^-3。

5. the zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: the anode electrolyte in anode electrolyte fluid reservoir or in the electrolyte liquid in electrolyte liquid fluid reservoir also can contain or do not contain additive K₂SO₄、KNO₃、Na₂SO₄, and NaNO₃In one or two or more kinds, concentration is 0.1moldm^-3～3moldm^-3。

6. zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: positive pole and negative pole all adopt tabular or cellular metal or material with carbon element.

7. zinc iodine flow battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: barrier film is ion exchange membrane, perforated membrane or microporous membrane.