CN105738039B - A kind of measurement apparatus and measuring method of the flowing of plunger copper sheathing inner loop shape gap - Google Patents
A kind of measurement apparatus and measuring method of the flowing of plunger copper sheathing inner loop shape gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN105738039B CN105738039B CN201610284290.6A CN201610284290A CN105738039B CN 105738039 B CN105738039 B CN 105738039B CN 201610284290 A CN201610284290 A CN 201610284290A CN 105738039 B CN105738039 B CN 105738039B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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Abstract
The invention discloses the measurement apparatus and measuring method of a kind of plunger copper sheathing inner loop shape gap flowing, belong to hydraulic test detection technique field.The measurement apparatus includes main part, fueller and collects measurement apparatus；Wherein：Main part is used for fixing copper sheathing test specimen and plunger test specimen, and oil supply system is used for providing the hydraulic oil of steady pressure, collects measurement apparatus and is used for gathering test data.Measurement apparatus of the present invention is simple to operate, easy to control；Can be by changing charge oil pressure, hydraulic fluid temperature and changing plunger test specimen, copper sheathing test specimen, so as to probe into the influence of different charge oil pressures, hydraulic fluid temperature, surface characteristics and chinky altitude for the secondary sealing of plunger copper sheathing and lubricity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic test detection technique field, and in particular to a kind of flow measurement device of annulus flowing
With measuring method.
Background technology
For plunger pump as one of building block common in engineering hydraulic test, its performance directly affects all kinds of machinery dresses
The reliability of standby work, and the greasy property and sealing property of plunger-copper sheathing friction pair are to influence the pass of plunger pump craftmanship
Key factor.In practical work process, plunger-copper sheathing pair should ensure enough lubricities, ensure good sealing again,
Plunger pump normal table can be just set to work.In recent years, the application of non-smooth surface feature is for the lubrication between improving friction pair
Property, influenceing the flow behavior of hydraulic oil between friction pair has remarkable effect, and many existing researchs should by non-smooth surface feature
For between plunger-copper sheathing pair, so as to lift its service behaviour.
In this context, the present invention proposes a kind of measurement plunger-ring slit flow of the copper sheathing pair under different charge oil pressures
The measurement apparatus of amount, the sealing and lubricity of plunger-copper sheathing pair are characterized with changes in flow rate, so as to inquire into different Non-smooth surfaces
Influence of the surface characteristics for characteristics such as plunger-copper sheathing secondary sealing, leakages.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind be used to detecting plunger-
The measurement apparatus and measuring method of copper sheathing pair annulus flowing, to by the apparatus and method, measure in different bars
The average discharge that annulus is flowed under part, so as to examine the characteristics such as the secondary sealing of different condition lower plunger-copper sheathing, leakage.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of measurement apparatus of plunger provided by the present invention-copper sheathing pair annulus flowing, including main part, fuel feeding
Device and collection measurement apparatus.The main part connects including oil sealing, bolt I, locking nut, bolt II, end cap, oil-feed
Mouth, cylinder body, compress back-up ring, bolt III, copper sheathing test specimen, plunger test specimen and alignment pin；The compression back-up ring fitted bolt III will
Copper sheathing test specimen is fixed in the hole of cylinder body, and plunger test specimen is connected by bolt I and locking nut with end cap, and then end cap passes through bolt
II and alignment pin be connected on cylinder body so that plunger test specimen is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen.The fueller include overflow valve,
Flowmeter, fuel feed pump, choke valve, hydraulic pump, filter, fuel tank, heat indicator and heater；The filter is in fuel tank
Inside, the fuel tank are connected to hydraulic pump outside, and the overflow valve is fixedly mounted on the side of hydraulic pump, the flowmeter and throttling
Valve is arranged on from hydraulic pump on derived fuel feed pump, and the heater is arranged on oil in fuel tank internal, the heat indicator
Upper box part.The collection measurement apparatus includes collection tube, oil sump tank and electronic scale；It is fuel-displaced that cylinder body right-hand member is hung over outside the collection tube
Below mouthful, the oil sump tank is arranged on below collection tube, the top of electronic scale.The fuel feed pump of the fueller and the main body
Partial oil-feed interface is connected, so that hydraulic oil flows out from the secondary gap of plunger-copper sheathing, into collection measurement apparatus.
The present invention can carry out following three experimental projects：
1st, gap characteristic-flow test, different chinky altitude and plunger surface feature lower plunger-copper sheathing pair annulus are detected
The dynamic flow of clearance flow；
2nd, temperature-flow test, the flow of different oil liquid temperature lower plungers-copper sheathing pair annulus flowing is detected；
3rd, pressure difference-flow test, the flow of different charge oil pressure lower plungers-copper sheathing pair annulus flowing is detected.
Specific method is as follows：
1) coordinate compression back-up ring that copper sheathing test specimen is fixed in the hole of cylinder body with bolt III first, then pass through locking nut
Plunger test specimen is connected with end cap with bolt I, then end cap is connected on cylinder body by bolt II and alignment pin, so as to by plunger
Test specimen is fixed in copper sheathing.
2) in gap table feature-flow test, by change the copper sheathing between 0.01mm-0.05mm pilot plunger-
Chinky altitude between copper sheathing pair, plunger surface of test piece is processed into the non-smooth surface feature such as groove, pit, so as to inquire into difference
Influence of the gap characteristic for characteristics such as plunger-copper sheathing secondary sealing, leakages.
3) in temperature-flow test, the heater is opened, hydraulic oil is heated to test required temperature, passes through temperature
Display is observed, and test temperature is adjusted between 20 DEG C to 70 DEG C, and concrete numerical value should be entered according to the difference of hydraulic oil used
Row changes, so as to inquire into influence of the different oil liquid temperatures for characteristics such as plunger-copper sheathing secondary sealing, leakages.
4) in pressure difference-flow test, hydraulic pump and choke valve is opened, oil-feed interface, fuel feeding pressure are supplied to by fuel feed pump
Power is adjusted by overflow valve between 1MP-10MP, so as to inquire into different charge oil pressures for plunger-copper sheathing secondary sealing, leakage
Etc. the influence of characteristic.
5) collect hydraulic oil with collection tube, after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the data of observation and recorded electronic scale and when
Between, then again wait 20min after, then observe with the data of recorded electronic scale and time, be averaged according to the difference of two groups of data
Data on flows.Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：
1st, it is a kind of under hydrostatic pressure condition, the device and use that secondary average discharge measures to plunger-copper sheathing should
Device examines plunger-copper sheathing secondary sealing and the method for leakage characteristics, is provided to detect the improvement of plunger-copper sheathing friction pair design
One experimental rig and scheme；
2nd, the measurement apparatus is simple to operate, easy to control；Can be by changing charge oil pressure, hydraulic fluid temperature and replacing
Plunger test specimen, copper sheathing test specimen, so as to probe into different charge oil pressures, hydraulic fluid temperature, surface characteristics and chinky altitude for plunger-
The influence of the secondary sealing of copper sheathing and lubricity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is test device structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the left view (left side) and right view (right side) of the main part in test device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is hydraulic pressure fuel feeding principle schematic of the present invention；
In figure：1st, oil sealing；2nd, bolt I；3rd, locking nut；4th, bolt II；5th, end cap；6th, oil-feed interface；7th, cylinder body；8th, press
Tight back-up ring；9th, bolt III；10th, copper sheathing test specimen；11st, plunger test specimen；12nd, collection tube；13rd, oil sump tank；14th, electronic scale；15th, position
Pin；16th, overflow valve；17th, flowmeter；18th, fuel feed pump；19th, choke valve；20th, hydraulic pump；21st, filter；22nd, fuel tank；23rd, it is warm
Spend indicating gage；24th, heater.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
A kind of measurement apparatus for measuring plunger-copper sheathing pair annulus flowing of the present invention includes main part, fueller
And collect measurement apparatus.Such as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, compress the fitted bolt III 9 of back-up ring 8 and copper sheathing test specimen 10 is fixed on cylinder body 7
In hole, plunger test specimen 11 is connected by bolt I and locking nut 3 with end cap 5, and then end cap 5 is connected by bolt II 4 and alignment pin 15
It is connected on cylinder body 7, so that plunger test specimen 11 is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen 10；The right-hand member oil-out of cylinder body 7 is hung over outside collection tube 12
Lower section, oil sump tank 13 are placed on the top of electronic scale 14, and below collection tube 12, the data on time recording electronic scale 14, that is, collect
The weight of fuel tank 10.As shown in figure 3, inside fuel tank 22, hydraulic pump 20, overflow valve are connected to outside fuel tank 22 for wherein filter 21
16 are fixedly mounted on the side of hydraulic pump 20, and flowmeter 17 and choke valve 19 are arranged on the derived fuel feed pump 18 from hydraulic pump 20
On, for heater 24 inside fuel tank 22, heat indicator 23 is arranged on the top of fuel tank 22, shows hydraulic fluid temperature.Wherein overflow
The effect of valve 16 is regulation charge oil pressure and prevents the too high damage hydraulic pump 20 of oil pressure；The effect of choke valve 19 is control hydraulic oil
Flow.
Using said apparatus measurement flow method (hydraulic oil that this experiment uses is Great Wall Zhuo Li HM antiwear hydraulic oils,
Viscosity grade is 46, and introduction below is replaced with HM hydraulic oil), comprise the following steps that：
A) coordinate compression back-up ring 8 that copper sheathing test specimen 10 is fixed in the hole of cylinder body 7 with bolt III 9 first, then pass through lock
Tight nut 3 and bolt I 2 connect plunger test specimen 11 and end cap 5, then end cap 5 is connected into cylinder by bolt II 4 and alignment pin 15
On body 7, so as to which plunger test specimen 11 is fixed in copper sheathing 10.
B) slit surfaces feature-flow test is carried out.The manufacture size of plunger test specimen 11 isPlunger tries
Part 11 will prepare 5 groups, and one of which surface is smooth surface, is machined with spiral grooves on four groups of surfaces in addition, and trench cross section is
Isosceles triangle, a width of 0.6mm, depth 0.4mm.Wherein, spiral shell lift angle is respectively 3 °, 6 °, 9 °, 12 °, every group of test specimen 3, so as to
Probe into the experiment of the spiral goove groove profile non-smooth surface feature opposite joint gap flow effect of different spiral shell lift angles.Copper sheathing 10 has three kinds, system
Making size is respectivelyCoordinate with plunger test specimen 11, so as to be formed
The gap of 10-20um, 20-30um, 30-40um, three kinds of altitude ranges, probe into spiral grooves opposite joint in the case of different chinky altitudes
The experiment of gap flow effect.It is with processing dimension by the plunger test specimen 11 that spiral shell lift angle is 3 °Copper sheathing 10 is according to step
It is rapid a) install after, open hydraulic pump 20 and choke valve 19, oil-feed interface 6 be supplied to by fuel feed pump 18, passes through overflow valve 16
Charge oil pressure is adjusted to 4MP.Heater 24 is opened, is observed by temperature indicator 23, hydraulic oil is heated to 30 DEG C.With receipts
Oil pipe 12 collects hydraulic oil, and after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the data and time of observation and recorded electronic scale 14, Ran Houzai
After 20min, then observe with the data of recorded electronic scale 14 and time, average discharge number is obtained according to the difference of two groups of data
According to.Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.Repeat the above steps, then carry out it
The experiment that his plunger, copper sheathing coordinate.
Table 1, table 2, table 3 provide 5 groups of plunger test specimens 11 respectivelyCopper sheathing 10 match somebody with somebody
Close, be that 4MP, HM hydraulic fluid temperature are 30 DEG C in charge oil pressure；Charge oil pressure is that 4MP, HM hydraulic fluid temperature are 50 DEG C；Fuel feeding pressure
Power is test data when 8MP, HM hydraulic fluid temperature are 30 DEG C.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
C) trip temperature-flow test is entered.By heater 24 change hydraulic fluid temperature, probe into 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 40 DEG C,
In the case of 50 DEG C four kinds, the plunger opposite joint gap flow effect of spiral grooves is machined with.Plunger test specimen 11, the copper sheathing 10 that will be carried out
After being installed according to step a), hydraulic pump 20 and choke valve 19 are opened, oil-feed interface 6 is supplied to by fuel feed pump 18, by overflowing
Charge oil pressure is adjusted to 4MP by stream valve 16.Heater is opened, is observed by temperature indicator, hydraulic oil is heated to 20 DEG C.With
Collection tube 12 collects hydraulic oil, and after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the data and time of observation and recorded electronic scale 14, then
Again wait 20min after, then observe with the data of recorded electronic scale 14 and time, average discharge number is obtained according to the difference of two groups of data
According to.Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.Repeat the above steps, 30 DEG C of progress,
40 DEG C, 50 DEG C of experiment.
Table 4 provides the plunger test specimen 11 that spiral shell lift angle is 6 °Copper sheathing 10 coordinate,
Charge oil pressure is 4MP, the test data under different HM hydraulic fluid temperatures.
Table 4
D) pressure difference-flow test is carried out, charge oil pressure is changed by overflow valve 16, probed into 2MP, 4MP, 6MP, 8MP tetra-
In the case of kind, the plunger opposite joint gap flow effect of spiral grooves is machined with.The plunger test specimen 11 that will carry out, copper sheathing 10 are according to step
It is rapid a) install after, open hydraulic pump 20 and choke valve 19, oil-feed interface 6 be supplied to by fuel feed pump 18, passes through overflow valve 16
Charge oil pressure is adjusted to 2MP.Heater 24 is opened, is observed by temperature indicator 23, hydraulic oil is heated to 20 DEG C.With receipts
Oil pipe 12 collects hydraulic oil, and after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the data and time of observation and recorded electronic scale 14, Ran Houzai
After 20min, then observe with the data of recorded electronic scale 14 and time, average discharge number is obtained according to the difference of two groups of data
According to.Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.Repeat the above steps, progress 4MP,
6MP, 8MP experiment.
Table 5 provides the plunger test specimen (11) that spiral shell lift angle is 6 °It is described
Copper sheathing (10) coordinates, and HM hydraulic fluid temperatures are 30 DEG C, the test data under different charge oil pressures.
Table 5
E) conclusion (of pressure testing)
Although spiral goove groove profile non-smooth surface feature can effectively improve the lubrication property of plunger-copper sheathing friction pair,
Reduce coefficient of friction, but experiment finds that compared with smooth surface, the non-smooth surface feature of spiral goove groove profile exists more than
Under hydrostatic pressure condition, it will increase the leakage rate of the annulus between plunger-copper sheathing.This effect with the increase of spiral shell lift angle and
Increase, also, with the rise of operating pressure and operating temperature, increase of the spiral goove groove profile non-smooth surface feature to leakage rate
Effect is more and more obvious.With reference to analog simulation, principle therein, this plunger-copper of spiral goove groove profile non-smooth surface feature are analyzed
Cover in friction pair, provide one " passage " for hydraulic oil, make to be filled with more hydraulic oil between friction pair, improving profit
While sliding characteristic, also accelerate the flow velocity of hydraulic oil, add leakage rate.Therefore, spiral goove groove profile Non-smooth surface table is being used
When region feature improves the lubrication property between friction pair, the increase for considering its leakage rate must be taken into account.
Claims (4)
1. the measurement apparatus of a kind of plunger-copper sheathing pair annulus flowing, it is characterised in that the measurement apparatus includes main part
Point, fueller and collection measurement apparatus；
The main part includes oil sealing (1), bolt I (2), locking nut (3), bolt II (4), end cap (5), oil-feed interface
(6), cylinder body (7), compression back-up ring (8), bolt III (9), copper sheathing test specimen (10), plunger test specimen (11) and alignment pin (15)；Institute
State compression back-up ring (8) fitted bolt III (9) copper sheathing test specimen (10) is fixed in the hole of cylinder body (7), bolt I (2) and locking screw
Plunger test specimen (11) is connected by female (3) with end cap (5), and then end cap (5) is connected to cylinder by bolt II (4) and alignment pin (15)
On body (7), so that plunger test specimen (11) is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen (10)；
The fueller includes overflow valve (16), flowmeter (17), fuel feed pump (18), choke valve (19), hydraulic pump (20), mistake
Filter (21), fuel tank (22), heat indicator (23) and heater (24)；The filter (21) is internal in fuel tank (22),
Hydraulic pump (20) is connected to outside the fuel tank (22), the overflow valve (16) is fixedly mounted on the side of hydraulic pump (20), described
Flowmeter (17) and choke valve (19) are arranged on from hydraulic pump (20) on derived fuel feed pump (18), and the heater (24) exists
Fuel tank (22) is internal, and the heat indicator (23) is arranged on fuel tank (22) top；
The collection measurement apparatus includes collection tube (12), oil sump tank (13) and electronic scale (14)；The collection tube (12) is plug-in
Below cylinder body (7) right-hand member oil-out, the oil sump tank (13) is arranged on below collection tube (12), the top of electronic scale (14)；
The fuel feed pump (18) of the fueller is connected with the oil-feed interface (6) of the main part so that hydraulic oil from
Plunger-copper sheathing flows out in secondary gap, into collection measurement apparatus.
2. measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is used for the method for carrying out gap characteristic-flow test, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(a) coordinate compression back-up ring (8) that copper sheathing test specimen (10) is fixed in the hole of cylinder body (7) with bolt III (9), then pass through lock
Tight nut (3) and bolt I (2) connect plunger test specimen (11) and end cap (5), then will by bolt II (4) and alignment pin (15)
End cap (5) is connected on cylinder body (7), so as to which plunger test specimen (11) is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen (10)；
(b) chinky altitude scope of the copper sheathing test specimen (10) between 10-50um between pilot plunger-copper sheathing pair is changed, in plunger
Test specimen (11) Surface Machining is into non-smooth surface feature；
(c) heater (24) is opened, hydraulic oil is heated to fixed temperature and keeps constant, is seen by heat indicator (23)
Examine, open hydraulic pump (20) and choke valve (19), oil-feed interface (6) is supplied to by fuel feed pump (18), charge oil pressure is by overflowing
Stream valve (16) regulation is to fixed charge oil pressure and keeps constant；
(d) hydraulic oil is collected with collection tube (12), after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the number of observation and recorded electronic scale (14)
According to and the time, then again wait 20min after, then observe with recorded electronic scale (14) data and time, according to the difference of two groups of data
Obtain average discharge data；Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.
3. measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is used for the method into trip temperature-flow test, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
(a) coordinate compression back-up ring (8) that copper sheathing test specimen (10) is fixed in the hole of cylinder body (7) with bolt III (9), then pass through lock
Tight nut (3) and bolt I (2) connect plunger test specimen (11) and end cap (5), then will by bolt II (4) and alignment pin (15)
End cap (5) is connected on cylinder body (7), so as to which plunger test specimen (11) is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen (10)；
(b) heater (24) is opened, hydraulic oil is heated to test required temperature, is observed by heat indicator (23), experiment
Temperature is adjusted between 20 DEG C to 70 DEG C；
(c) hydraulic pump (20) and choke valve (19) are opened, oil-feed interface (6) is supplied to by fuel feed pump (18), charge oil pressure leads to
Overflow valve (16) regulation is crossed to fixed charge oil pressure and keeps constant；
(d) hydraulic oil is collected with collection tube (12), after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the number of observation and recorded electronic scale (14)
According to and the time, then again wait 20min after, then observe with recorded electronic scale (14) data and time, according to the difference of two groups of data
Obtain average discharge data；Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.
4. measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is used for the method for carrying out pressure difference-flow test, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
(a) coordinate compression back-up ring (8) that copper sheathing test specimen (10) is fixed in the hole of cylinder body (7) with bolt III (9), then pass through lock
Tight nut (3) and bolt I (2) connect plunger test specimen (11) and end cap (5), then will by bolt II (4) and alignment pin (15)
End cap (5) is connected on cylinder body (7), so as to which plunger test specimen (11) is fixed in copper sheathing test specimen (10)；
(b) heater (24) is opened, hydraulic oil is heated to fixed temperature and keeps constant, is seen by heat indicator (23)
Examine；
(c) hydraulic pump (20) and choke valve (19) are opened, oil-feed interface (6) is supplied to by fuel feed pump (18), charge oil pressure leads to
Overflow valve (16) is crossed to adjust between 1MP-10MP；
(d) hydraulic oil is collected with collection tube (12), after waiting 5min, gap flowing is stable, the number of observation and recorded electronic scale (14)
According to and the time, then again wait 20min after, then observe with recorded electronic scale (14) data and time, according to the difference of two groups of data
Obtain average discharge data；Repetition test, after measuring 5 groups of data results, reasonable average value is taken as result of the test.
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| CN201610284290.6A CN105738039B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | A kind of measurement apparatus and measuring method of the flowing of plunger copper sheathing inner loop shape gap |
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| CN201610284290.6A CN105738039B (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | A kind of measurement apparatus and measuring method of the flowing of plunger copper sheathing inner loop shape gap |
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| CN106194700A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2016-12-07 | 宝鸡航天动力泵业有限公司 | The plunger leakage rate detection of reciprocating plunger pump and warning system |
| CN118032362A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Bearing cavity sealing gap lubricating oil leakage flow characteristic test device |
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| FR2749190B1 (en) * | 1996-05-28 | 1998-09-18 | Omnium Traitement Valorisa | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR IN SITU TESTING THE INTEGRITY OF THE FILTRATION MEMBRANES |
| US5861546A (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 1999-01-19 | Sagi; Nehemiah Hemi | Intelligent gas flow measurement and leak detection apparatus |
| CN1203252C (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-05-25 | 浙江大学 | High-speed large-flow clearence slide ralve |
| CN103542118B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-09-30 | 重庆科技学院 | Many apertures axial slit gap type Flow valve and control circuit thereof and controlling method |
| CN205562120U (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽工业大学 | Measurement device for plunger - copper sheathing secondary ring shape gap flow moves |
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