CN105729071A - High-precision austenitic stainless steel ball machining method - Google Patents
High-precision austenitic stainless steel ball machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105729071A CN105729071A CN201610271983.1A CN201610271983A CN105729071A CN 105729071 A CN105729071 A CN 105729071A CN 201610271983 A CN201610271983 A CN 201610271983A CN 105729071 A CN105729071 A CN 105729071A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining and provides a high-precision austenitic stainless steel ball machining method. The method includes material cutting, cold heading, ball polishing, abrasion wheel grinding, primary grinding, appearance sorting, secondary grinding, superfine grinding, separation and packaging. By mixing of identical-size high-carbon steel balls subjected to thermal treatment to austenitic stainless steel balls in the abrasion wheel grinding procedure, precision of the austenitic stainless steel balls can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Machining Technology field, the processing method particularly relating to a kind of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel, refers to the rustless steel at normal temperatures with austenite structure.Time in steel containing Cr about 18%, Ni8%～10%, C about 0.1%, there is stable austenite structure.Austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel includes famous 18Cr-8Ni steel and increases Cr, Ni content on this basis and add the high Cr-Ni Series Steel that the elements such as Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti grow up.Austenitic stainless steel is nonmagnetic and has high tenacity and plasticity, but intensity is relatively low, it is impossible to by phase transformation so as to strengthen, and is only capable of being strengthened by cold working, as added the elements such as S, Ca, Se, Te, then has good free-cutting machinability.
Current high speed and precision Digit Control Machine Tool bearing belongs to, high-tech bearing species, technology content is higher, and development difficulty is relatively big, and current major part needs dependence on import, seriously govern the localization process of high speed and precision Digit Control Machine Tool, have become as the key components and parts being badly in need of substituting import.Bearing is mainly made up of steel ball, inner and outer ring and retainer four part, in four big ingredients of bearing, steel ball is weakest link, the superficial makings of steel ball directly affects the life-span of bearing, to the contributive rate of bear vibration and noise more than 60%, and the bearing failure of more than 80% comes from the inefficacy of steel ball.
The patent No. is the patent of ZL96102787.8, and its processing technique producing forged steel ball includes: selects steel billet, hot-cutting, blanking, coal combustion heating steel billet, pneumatic hammer die forging, pre-cooling, quenching, tempering, air cooling, wash ball and warehouse-in.Steel billet carbon containing 0.78～0.90%, silicon 0.75～0.85%, manganese 0.85～0.95%, sulfur less than or equal to 0.05%, phosphorus is less than or equal to 0.05%.This process has the disadvantages that employing hot-cutting, blanking, it is easy to cause steel ball burning to cause surface decarburization phenomenon；Coal-fired mode is adopted to be heated steel ball being internally conducted heat by outside, its heat time heating time and difficult control of temperature (heat time heating time is generally 3～5 hours), and easily cause pollution, heating yield rate out is relatively low；Steel ball when quenching water temperature lower than 30 DEG C, it is easy to causing steel ball to burst, percentage of damage is high；And the one-tenth of existing steel ball is grouped into and determines when quenching, a steel ball not easily step is quenched into the core of steel ball, is unfavorable for the refinement to texture.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the processing method that the invention provides a kind of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball, including cutting material, Leng Dun, photosphere, heat treatment, wheel grinding, early grind, outward appearance sorting, two grind, ultra-fine grind, sort, pack, it is characterized in that: in described wheel grinding step, add and austenitic stainless steel steel ball same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball.Specifically include following steps:
1) material is cut, by austenitic stainless steel bar wire rod,
1) cold-heading: bearing steel wire strikes out steel ball cold heading blank ball, adopts high-speed cold heading machine and spherical ball mould to carry out cold-heading；
2) photosphere, adopts systemic circulation processing technique, eliminates cold-heading endless belt and surplus, and batch variation in diameter amount is little；
3) wheel grinding, adopts ball crusher and emery wheel to be processed the steel ball processed through photosphere, adds and be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball, process velocity: 130～140rpm, pressure: 3～4Mpa man-hour；
4) early grind: adopt grinder and cast iron plate to be processed the steel ball through double tempering, process velocity: 80～90rpm, pressure: 2～3Mpa；
5) outward appearance sorting, adopts steel ball remove impurity formula to throw washing machine, and in the process cleaned, the microparticle ferrum foam etc. that bulky grain hard grind emery wheel ash, strengthening produce can separate with steel ball, it is prevented that brings rear operation into and produces ball wound, and creates conditions for rear operation more Precision Machining；
6) two grind, steel ball after early grind is cleaned adopt grinder and Germany's import cast iron plate are processed, process velocity: 30～40rpm, pressure: 0.5～2Mpa, the processing initial stage adopts higher rotation speed to be ground, and after ball size eliminates about 2um, reduces rotating speed, pressure is constant, carries out thinner grinding；
7) superfinishing is ground, and carries out early grind processing on vertical ball lapping machine, without abrasive material, adopts 6000# resin wheel, process velocity 12～15r/min, pressure 1KN；
8) sorting；Chemically or physical method high-carbon steel steel ball and austenitic stainless steel steel ball are easily separated；
9) packaging.
Further, described step 3) the addition of the high-carbon steel steel ball being mixed into be not less than the 40% of the steel ball number processed through photosphere.
Further, described step 5) when carrying out early grind, adding early grind medium, described early grind medium is the original composition of following weight portion: lubricating oil 15～25 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 1～5 part, 10～20 parts of W2.5 corundum, carborundum 5～10 parts.
Further, described step 7) when carrying out two and grinding, adding two and grind medium, described two grind the raw material composition that medium is following weight portion: lubricating oil 10～15 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 10～15 parts, 15～20 parts of W1 diamond, carborundum 5～10 parts.
Further, described step 8) grind carrying out superfinishing, add superfinishing grind medium, the raw material that described superfinishing is ground as following weight portion forms: lubricating oil 10～15 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 5～10 parts, 15～20 parts, vanadium dioxide 10～15 parts, Graphene 1～4 part, carborundum 3～8 parts.
Further, described step 9) physical method be magnetic separation technique.
Further, described step 9) chemical method be pickling isolation technics.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball at austenitic stainless steel steel ball in wheel grinding operation, it is possible to effectively reduce the percentage of damage of austenitic stainless steel steel ball, be effectively improved the precision of austenitic stainless steel steel ball；Simultaneously quenching, wheel grinding, early grind, two grind, ultra-fine grinding adds different medium in step, significantly reduce the finished product austenitic stainless steel steel ball table breakage rate of processing；Breakage rate is made to be reduced to less than 0.5%.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme be described further below, but described in the scope claimed is not limited to.
Embodiment one
The processing method of a kind of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1, originally prepare:
(1) early grind medium is following original composition: lubricating oil 15kg, liquid phenolic resin 3kg, silicone oil 1kg, W2.5 corundum 10kg, carborundum 5kg.
(2) two grind medium be following raw material composition: lubricating oil 10～15kg, liquid phenolic resin 3kg, silicone oil 10kg, W1 diamond 15kg, carborundum 5kg.
(3) superfinishing is ground and is formed for following raw material: lubricating oil 10kg, liquid phenolic resin 3kg, silicone oil 5kg, 15kg, vanadium dioxide 10kg, Graphene 1kg, carborundum 3kg.
Above-mentioned middle lubricating oil can choose commercially available any lubricating oil, and the present embodiment selects the good many lubricating oil of thing.
2, high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball processing, comprises the following steps:
1) material is cut, by austenitic stainless steel bar wire rod,
1) cold-heading: bearing steel wire strikes out steel ball cold heading blank ball, adopts high-speed cold heading machine and spherical ball mould to carry out cold-heading；
2) photosphere, adopts systemic circulation processing technique, eliminates cold-heading endless belt and surplus, and batch variation in diameter amount is little；
3) wheel grinding, will adopt ball crusher and emery wheel to be processed through heat treated steel ball, and add and be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball, vitrified abrasive: 180 orders, process velocity: 130rpm, pressure: 3Mpa man-hour；
4) early grind: adopt grinder and cast iron plate to be processed the steel ball through double tempering, add and be mixed into early grind medium man-hour, process velocity: 80rpm, pressure: 2Mpa；
5) outward appearance sorting, adopts steel ball remove impurity formula to throw washing machine, and in the process cleaned, the microparticle ferrum foam etc. that bulky grain hard grind emery wheel ash, strengthening produce can separate with steel ball, it is prevented that brings rear operation into and produces ball wound, and creates conditions for rear operation more Precision Machining；
6) two grind, steel ball after early grind is cleaned adopt grinder and Germany's import cast iron plate are processed, add and be mixed into two man-hour and grind medium, process velocity: 30rpm, pressure: 0.5Mpa, the processing initial stage adopts higher rotation speed to be ground, after ball size eliminates about 2um, reducing rotating speed, pressure is constant, carries out thinner grinding；
7) superfinishing is ground, and carries out early grind processing on vertical ball lapping machine, without abrasive material, adopts 6000# resin wheel, adds and is mixed into superfinishing man-hour and grinds medium, process velocity 12r/min, pressure 1KN；
8) sorting, adopts physical technique to sort；Described physical technique is utilize the austenite structure (austenite does not possess magnetic) containing more than 95% in austenitic stainless steel material, and high-carbon steel steel ball has magnetic, so adopting electromagnetic technique to be easily separated by the high-carbon steel steel ball in austenitic stainless steel steel ball when sorting.
9) packaging, during packaging, uses foamed materials to wrap up.
Embodiment two
The processing method of a kind of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1, originally prepare:
(1) early grind medium is following original composition: lubricating oil 25kg, liquid phenolic resin 5kg, silicone oil 5kg, W2.5 corundum 20kg, carborundum 10kg.
(2) two grind medium be following raw material composition: lubricating oil 15kg, liquid phenolic resin 5kg, silicone oil 15kg, W1 diamond 20kg, carborundum 10kg.
(3) superfinishing is ground and is formed for following raw material: lubricating oil 15kg, liquid phenolic resin 5kg, silicone oil 10kg, 20kg, vanadium dioxide 15kg, Graphene 4kg, carborundum 8kg.
Above-mentioned middle lubricating oil can choose commercially available any lubricating oil, and the present embodiment selects the good many lubricating oil of thing.
2, austenitic stainless steel steel ball processing, comprises the following steps:
1) material is cut, by austenitic stainless steel bar wire rod,
1) cold-heading: bearing steel wire strikes out steel ball cold heading blank ball, adopts high-speed cold heading machine and spherical ball mould to carry out cold-heading；
2) photosphere, adopts systemic circulation processing technique, eliminates cold-heading endless belt and surplus, and batch variation in diameter amount is little；
3) wheel grinding, will adopt ball crusher and emery wheel to be processed through heat treated steel ball, and add and be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball, vitrified abrasive: 220 orders, process velocity: 140rpm, pressure: 4Mpa man-hour；
4) early grind: adopt grinder and cast iron plate to be processed the steel ball through double tempering, add and be mixed into early grind medium man-hour, process velocity: 90rpm, pressure: 3Mpa；
5) outward appearance sorting, adopts steel ball remove impurity formula to throw washing machine, and in the process cleaned, the microparticle ferrum foam etc. that bulky grain hard grind emery wheel ash, strengthening produce can separate with steel ball, it is prevented that brings rear operation into and produces ball wound, and creates conditions for rear operation more Precision Machining；
6) two grind, steel ball after early grind is cleaned adopt grinder and Germany's import cast iron plate are processed, add and be mixed into two man-hour and grind medium, process velocity 40rpm, pressure: 2Mpa, the processing initial stage adopts higher rotation speed to be ground, after ball size eliminates about 2um, reducing rotating speed, pressure is constant, carries out thinner grinding；
7) superfinishing is ground, and carries out early grind processing on vertical ball lapping machine, without abrasive material, adopts 6000# resin wheel, adds and is mixed into superfinishing man-hour and grinds medium, process velocity 15r/min, pressure 1KN；
8) sorting, adopts physical technique to sort；Described physical technique is utilize the austenite structure (austenite does not possess magnetic) containing more than 95% in austenitic stainless steel material, and high-carbon steel steel ball has magnetic, so adopting electromagnetic technique to be easily separated by the high-carbon steel steel ball in austenitic stainless steel steel ball when sorting.
9) packaging, during packaging, uses foamed materials to wrap up.
Embodiment three
The processing method of a kind of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
1, originally prepare:
(1) early grind medium is following original composition: lubricating oil 20kg, liquid phenolic resin 4kg, silicone oil 3kg, W2.5 corundum 15kg, carborundum 8kg.
(2) two grind medium be following raw material composition: lubricating oil 12kg, liquid phenolic resin 4kg, silicone oil 12kg, W1 diamond 18kg, carborundum 8kg.
(3) superfinishing is ground and is formed for following raw material: lubricating oil 12kg, liquid phenolic resin 4kg, silicone oil 8kg, 80kg, vanadium dioxide 12kg, Graphene 3kg, carborundum 6kg.
Above-mentioned middle lubricating oil can choose commercially available any lubricating oil, and the present embodiment selects the good many lubricating oil of thing.
2, austenitic stainless steel steel ball processing, comprises the following steps:
1) material is cut, by austenitic stainless steel bar wire rod,
1) cold-heading: bearing steel wire strikes out steel ball cold heading blank ball, adopts high-speed cold heading machine and spherical ball mould to carry out cold-heading；
2) photosphere, adopts systemic circulation processing technique, eliminates cold-heading endless belt and surplus, and batch variation in diameter amount is little；
3) wheel grinding, will adopt ball crusher and emery wheel to be processed through heat treated steel ball, and add and be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball, vitrified abrasive: 180～220 orders, process velocity: 135rpm, pressure: 3.5Mpa man-hour；
4) early grind: adopt grinder and cast iron plate to be processed the steel ball through double tempering, add and be mixed into early grind medium man-hour, process velocity: 85rpm, pressure: 2.5Mpa；
5) outward appearance sorting, adopts steel ball remove impurity formula to throw washing machine, and in the process cleaned, the microparticle ferrum foam etc. that bulky grain hard grind emery wheel ash, strengthening produce can separate with steel ball, it is prevented that brings rear operation into and produces ball wound, and creates conditions for rear operation more Precision Machining；
6) two grind, steel ball after early grind is cleaned adopt grinder and Germany's import cast iron plate are processed, add and be mixed into two man-hour and grind medium, process velocity: 35rpm, pressure: 1Mpa, the processing initial stage adopts higher rotation speed to be ground, after ball size eliminates about 2um, reducing rotating speed, pressure is constant, carries out thinner grinding；
7) superfinishing is ground, and carries out early grind processing on vertical ball lapping machine, without abrasive material, adopts 6000# resin wheel, adds and is mixed into superfinishing man-hour and grinds medium, process velocity 13r/min, pressure 1KN；
8) sorting, adopts chemical technology to sort；Described physical technique is utilize the austenite structure containing more than 95% in austenitic stainless steel material, has acid proof feature；And the high carbon content in high-carbon steel steel ball, it is very easily dissolved in acidity, so adopt acid technology to be analyzed when sorting, it is specially, steel ball is positioned over and immersion more than 3 days in the sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 15～24%, after washing, surface has the steel ball of hollow reject, and obtains austenitic stainless steel steel ball.
9) packaging, during packaging, uses foamed materials to wrap up.
Claims (8)
1. the processing method of a high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball, including cutting material, Leng Dun, photosphere, heat treatment, wheel grinding, early grind, outward appearance sorting, two grind, ultra-fine grind, sort, pack, it is characterized in that: in described wheel grinding step, add and austenitic stainless steel steel ball same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball.
2. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 1；Comprise the following steps:
1) material is cut, by austenitic stainless steel bar wire rod,
1) cold-heading: bearing steel wire strikes out steel ball cold heading blank ball, adopts high-speed cold heading machine and spherical ball mould to carry out cold-heading；
2) photosphere, adopts systemic circulation processing technique, eliminates cold-heading endless belt and surplus, and batch variation in diameter amount is little；
3) wheel grinding, adopts ball crusher and emery wheel to be processed the steel ball processed through photosphere, adds and be mixed into same size, heat treated high-carbon steel steel ball, process velocity: 130～140rpm, pressure: 3～4Mpa man-hour；
4) early grind: adopt grinder and cast iron plate to be processed the steel ball through double tempering, process velocity: 80～90rpm, pressure: 2～3Mpa；
5) outward appearance sorting, adopts steel ball remove impurity formula to throw washing machine, and in the process cleaned, the microparticle ferrum foam etc. that bulky grain hard grind emery wheel ash, strengthening produce can separate with steel ball, it is prevented that brings rear operation into and produces ball wound, and creates conditions for rear operation more Precision Machining；
6) two grind, steel ball after early grind is cleaned adopt grinder and Germany's import cast iron plate are processed, process velocity: 30～40rpm, pressure: 0.5～2Mpa, the processing initial stage adopts higher rotation speed to be ground, and after ball size eliminates about 2um, reduces rotating speed, pressure is constant, carries out thinner grinding；
7) superfinishing is ground, and carries out early grind processing on vertical ball lapping machine, without abrasive material, adopts 6000# resin wheel, process velocity 12～15r/min, pressure 1KN；
8) sorting；Chemically or physical method high-carbon steel steel ball and austenitic stainless steel steel ball are easily separated；
9) packaging.
3. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 3) the addition of the high-carbon steel steel ball being mixed into be not less than the 40% of the steel ball number processed through photosphere.
4. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step 5) when carrying out early grind, adding early grind medium, described early grind medium is the original composition of following weight portion: lubricating oil 15～25 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 1～5 part, 10～20 parts of W2.5 corundum, carborundum 5～10 parts.
5. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step 7) when carrying out two and grinding, adding two and grind medium, described two grind the raw material composition that medium is following weight portion: lubricating oil 10～15 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 10～15 parts, 15～20 parts of W1 diamond, carborundum 5～10 parts.
6. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step 8) grind carrying out superfinishing, add superfinishing grind medium, the raw material that described superfinishing is ground as following weight portion forms: lubricating oil 10～15 parts, liquid phenolic resin 3～5 parts, silicone oil 5～10 parts, 15～20 parts, vanadium dioxide 10～15 parts, Graphene 1～4 part, carborundum 3～8 parts.
7. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 9) physical method be magnetic separation technique.
8. the processing method of high-precision austenite rustless steel steel ball as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step 9) chemical method be pickling isolation technics.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106736291A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 大连昊明钢珠制造有限公司 | A kind of steel ball production technology |
| CN106735265A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-31 | 安顺市虹翼特种钢球制造有限公司 | Method for processing steel ball |
| CN107130181A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | A kind of household electrical appliances special bearing steel ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN107312923A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-11-03 | 芜湖乾凯材料科技有限公司 | A kind of high crush load steel ball and its processing method |
| CN110814644A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-21 | 常熟市宝丰精工钢球有限公司 | High-strength austenitic steel ball |
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| CN107312923A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-11-03 | 芜湖乾凯材料科技有限公司 | A kind of high crush load steel ball and its processing method |
| CN110814644A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-21 | 常熟市宝丰精工钢球有限公司 | High-strength austenitic steel ball |
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| CN105729071B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
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