CN105723438A - Forest fire intensity simulator and application method thereof - Google Patents
Forest fire intensity simulator and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105723438A CN105723438A CN201580002586.8A CN201580002586A CN105723438A CN 105723438 A CN105723438 A CN 105723438A CN 201580002586 A CN201580002586 A CN 201580002586A CN 105723438 A CN105723438 A CN 105723438A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forest fire intensity simulator, the simulator is formed by a reaction chamber (1), a heating unit, a fume collecting unit (2) and a temperature sensor (4), the heating unit is arranged in the reaction chamber (1), the temperature sensor (4) comprises a temperature probe, a lead and a temperature display, the fume collecting unit (2) is arranged on outside of the reaction chamber (1) and is connected with the reaction chamber (1) through a pipe. The simulator can reduce the cost of a forest fire simulation experiment and can avoid air pollution caused by fume generated by the forest fire burning experiment, heated soil data can be safely and precisely obtained, and the simulator is benificial to prevent and control soil erosion of burned area after forest fire and carry out vegetation recovery work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the analog of a kind of forest fire secondary disaster research, be specifically related to a kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and using method thereof.
Background technology
The whole world there are about the area of woods of 4% every year and suffers a calamity loss, and wherein the destruction of the forest reserves has been accounted for nearly the 1/3 of the lost forest reserves by forest fire.At present, forest fire all over the world frequently occurs, annual breaking out of fire more than about 220,000 times, burns various forest and reaches ten thousand hm more than 6402, account for more than the 0.23% of the World Forests coverage rate.China is the country of a Shaolin, whole nation afforestation rate only 20.36%, is again the multiple country of a forest fire simultaneously, average annual forest fire 1.6 ten thousand times occurs, and average annual burnt area reaches 9 × 105hm2。
The impact of forest ecosystem is complicated by fire, from minimizing Aboveground Biomass of Young to the growth under ground portion physical property, chemical property, microbial degradation process and radicula system.Baked wheaten cake can acutely change environmental aspect at short notice, including quickly changing forest soil physical property and Hydrological Function, change C/N ratio, aggravation erosion, leaching and Denitrification, cause loss of soil nutrient, micro organism quantity and correlated process thereof change, thus affecting Nutrient Cycling and the distribution of whole forest ecosystem.It is favourable or harmful to ecosystem effect, depends primarily on the time and intensity of fire action.In order to study the impact burnt forest soil, scientific experiments need to be carried out.
But, in current forest fire protection scientific research process, study the forest fire impact on soil, mainly through following two mode:
1, forest fires point burns Control experiment: certain area experimental field carry out burn (as combustible not must near the region of identical standing forest collect combustible be routed to burn a region), estimate, according to the amount (load) of the scorch height of forest, combustible, the intensity that forest fires point burns.After some sintering bundle, gather soil and plant sample, then carry out lab analysis.The shortcoming of this method: environmental pollution is bigger；Fire intensity is difficult to control to；Soil heat intensity is uneven causes test error big.
2, the undisturbed soil soil in forest land is taken out, transport laboratory back, with instrument heating such as Muffle furnaces, set heating-up temperature according to the requirement of fire intensity, after having heated, in laboratory simulation outdoor environment culture soil.The shortcoming of this method: destroy the ecosystem system of soil, cause bigger test error.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the invention aims to make up the deficiency of existing investigative technique, it is provided that a kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and using method thereof.
Technical scheme: a kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, including body, described simulator body is made up of reative cell, heating unit, collection cigarette unit and temperature sensor, heating unit is arranged in reative cell, temperature sensor includes temperature probe, lead-in wire, temperature indicator, and temperature probe is placed in different depth soil layer, collection cigarette unit is arranged on outside reative cell, is connected to reative cell by pipeline.
As preferably, described heating unit is be arranged on the heating wire within reative cell.
As preferably, described heating wire is that U-shaped heating wire order is connected to be formed.
As preferably, described heating unit is made up of burner noz(zle) and connected input channel, and burner noz(zle) is uniformly arranged on reative cell inner top, and input channel one end connects burner noz(zle), and the other end connects gas cylinder or liquid bottle.
As preferably, being provided with water-bath shower nozzle inside described collection cigarette unit, for the flue dust sedimentation absorption that reative cell is produced.
A kind of using method of Forest Fire strength simulation device, including step used as described below:
1) used time in field or laboratory, digging a groove suitable with reactor bottom edge in the wild on study area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface, about 3cm is deep, and by insertion groove bottom reative cell, surrounding is fixed, in case running away；
2) heating-up temperature/intensity and response time are set according to fire size class, test；
3), while testing, open collection cigarette unit, collect flue dust；
4) after experiment terminates, reative cell is removed, take out soil sample according to requirement of experiment layering, carry out physics, the property analysis such as chemical and biological.
Beneficial effect: the present invention adopts simulator to carry out a burning experiment, the bigger cost reducing Simulation of Forest Fire experiment；Collection cigarette unit is set outside reative cell, will the flue dust sedimentation that produces of reaction, it is to avoid forest fires points burns test and produces the atmospheric pollution that flue gas causes, and is operated in simulator, and firepower size is controlled；In reative cell, heating wire or burner noz(zle) homogeneous heating, will not run away, and can obtain soil water experiment data safer, more accurately, the Soil erosion prevention and control of brulee and carrying out that revegetation works after being conducive to forest fire.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Detailed description of the invention:
In the present invention, reactor adopts the inorganic non-metallic refractory material that commercially available refractoriness is not less than 1580 DEG C made, such as carbon composite refractory, zirconia refractory etc., heating wire is mainly Aludirome electric furnace heating wire and the big class of iron-nickel alloy electric furnace heating wire two, and non-oxidizability is strong, resistance is big, uses temperature high.Gas heating mainly uses imflammable gas, such as carbon monoxide and oxygen, hydrogen and oxygen etc.；Liquid heating mainly uses the organic liquid such as ethanol, gasoline.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, such as accompanying drawing 1, bottom surface the reative cell 1 do not closed, heating unit, collection cigarette unit 2 and temperature sensor 4 are constituted, and heating unit is arranged in reative cell 1, and collection cigarette unit 2 is arranged on outside reative cell 1, is connected to reative cell 1 by pipeline.In the present embodiment, heating unit is the heating wire 31 being arranged on reative cell 1 middle part, heating wire is that U-shaped heating wire order is connected to be formed, and temperature sensor 4 is made up of temperature probe, lead-in wire, temperature indicator, and temperature probe is for several and is placed in different depth soil layer for surveying the soil moisture.
Simulator using method and operation principle: when the simulator in the present embodiment works, in the wild study area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface dig a groove suitable with reactor bottom edge, about 3cm is deep, by in insertion groove bottom reative cell, surrounding is fixed, open U-shaped heating wire switch to be heated, and required temperature range and heat time heating time is set according to EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, the temperature of heater strip and temperature every layer native are sensed by temperature probe, it is shown on temperature indicator, that test simultaneously need to open the switch of collection cigarette 2 unit, collection cigarette unit 2 water-bath shower nozzle 34 sprays water smoke, flue dust is settled, in case the discharge of noxious fume.After end-of-job, reative cell 1 is removed, take out soil sample according to requirement of experiment layering, carry out physics, the property analysis such as chemical and biological.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, such as accompanying drawing 2, including body, reative cell 1, heating unit, collection cigarette unit 2 and the temperature sensor 4 do not closed by bottom surface are constituted, temperature sensor 4 is made up of temperature probe, lead-in wire, temperature indicator, and temperature probe is for several and is placed in different depth soil layer for surveying the soil moisture.Heating unit is arranged in reative cell 1, and collection cigarette unit 2 is arranged on outside reative cell 1, is connected to reative cell 1 by pipeline.In the present embodiment, heating unit is made up of burner noz(zle) 32 and connected input channel 33, burner noz(zle) 32 is uniformly arranged on reative cell inner top, input channel 33 one end connects burner noz(zle), the other end connects gas cylinder or liquid bottle, collection cigarette unit 2 is internal is provided with water-bath shower nozzle 34, for the flue dust sedimentation absorption produced by reative cell 1.
During use, digging a groove suitable with reactor bottom edge in the wild on study area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface, about 3cm is deep, and by insertion groove bottom reative cell, surrounding is fixed.The response magnitude that inputs being inputted gas or liquid, gas or liquid by input channel carries out conversion setting (standard of fire intensity is in Table 1) according to the caloric value of the fire intensity needed for test with unit volume gas or liquid.
The grade scale of table 1 surface-fire and crown fire intensity
Can be seen that the relation between fire intensity and combustion heating amount by table 1, and the input response magnitude of gas or liquid can be conversed by two formula.
The threshold value of formula 1:(strength grade)/(edge length of simulator)=(gross calorific power of combustible)
The gross calorific power of formula 2:(combustible)/(caloric value of gas or liquid unit volume)=(gas/liquid volume of fuel)
Being lighted a fire by burner noz(zle), the undisturbed soil point of reactor bottom is burnt, flame temperature and temperature every layer native are sensed by temperature probe, are shown on temperature indicator.That test simultaneously need to open the switch of collection cigarette 2 unit, collection cigarette unit 2 water-bath shower nozzle 34 sprays water smoke, is settled by flue dust, in case the discharge of noxious fume, after end-of-job, reative cell 1 is removed, take out soil sample according to requirement of experiment layering, carry out physics, the property analysis such as chemical and biological.
The present embodiment compared to the prior art, the bigger cost that reduces, safer；Adopt heating wire or burning shower nozzle as heating unit, homogeneous heating, be beneficial to and carry out experiment more accurately, analyze experimental result better, and the design of the present invention greatly reduces the probability of environmental pollution, is beneficial to environmental protection.
Claims (6)
1. a Forest Fire strength simulation device, including body, it is characterized in that: described simulator body is made up of reative cell (1), heating unit, collection cigarette unit (2) and temperature sensor (4), described heating unit is arranged in reative cell (1), described temperature sensor (4) includes temperature probe, lead-in wire, temperature indicator, and temperature probe is placed in different depth soil layer, described collection cigarette unit (2) is arranged on reative cell (1) outward, is connected to reative cell (1) by pipeline.
2. Forest Fire strength simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described heating unit is be arranged on the heating wire (31) that reative cell (1) is internal.
3. Forest Fire strength simulation device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described heating wire (31) is connected for U-shaped heating wire order and forms.
4. Forest Fire strength simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heating unit is made up of burner noz(zle) (32) and connected input channel (33), described burner noz(zle) (32) is uniformly arranged on reative cell (1) inner top, described input channel (33) one end connects burner noz(zle), and the other end connects gas cylinder or liquid bottle.
5. the Forest Fire strength simulation device as described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterised in that: described collection cigarette unit (2) is internal is provided with water-bath shower nozzle (34), for the flue dust sedimentation absorption produced by reative cell (1).
6. the using method of a Forest Fire strength simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: include step used as described below:
1) used time in field or laboratory, digging a groove suitable with reactor bottom edge in the wild on study area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface, about 3cm is deep, and by insertion groove bottom reative cell, surrounding is fixed, in case running away；
2) heating-up temperature/volume of fuel and response time are set according to fire intensity grade, test；
3), while testing, open collection cigarette unit, collect flue dust；
4) after experiment terminates, reative cell is removed, take out soil sample according to requirement of experiment layering, carry out physics, the property analysis such as chemical and biological.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2015/088950 WO2017035830A1 (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | Forest fire intensity simulator and method for use thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105723438A true CN105723438A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| CN105723438B CN105723438B (en) | 2018-06-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580002586.8A Active CN105723438B (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and its application method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105723438B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2015381974B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017035830A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109613171A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of forest mountain soil original position baked wheaten cake simulation test device and its test method |
| CN110567741A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire extinguishing efficiency detection method and system of wind-driven dominant field fire extinguishing machine |
| CN112697838A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-23 | 山东理工大学 | Indoor soil fire simulation test device and test method thereof |
| CN115869576A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-31 | 中国消防救援学院 | Forest fire safety skill training system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110047365A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏弘冉智能科技有限公司 | A kind of simulated fire demo system for phase configuration Intelligent Fire Detection device |
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| CN1737529A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | 韩国电力公社 | Forest fire simulated test equipment for polymer insulator |
| KR100876846B1 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-12-31 | 한국전기연구원 | Forest fires simulation facility |
| CN101649735A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-02-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method, system and device for identifying combustion state of underground coal gasification furnace |
| CN202363007U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | Testing and simulating device for fire disasters in narrow and long limited spaces |
| CN103292835A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Comprehensive detection simulation experiment device for fire detection performance |
| US8579631B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-11-12 | Dan Beishon | Clean real smoke fire simulator |
| CN104064094A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for formulating scheme for fire hazard evacuation of subway station in construction |
-
2015
- 2015-09-06 AU AU2015381974A patent/AU2015381974B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-09-06 CN CN201580002586.8A patent/CN105723438B/en active Active
- 2015-09-06 WO PCT/CN2015/088950 patent/WO2017035830A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1737529A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | 韩国电力公社 | Forest fire simulated test equipment for polymer insulator |
| KR100876846B1 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-12-31 | 한국전기연구원 | Forest fires simulation facility |
| US8579631B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-11-12 | Dan Beishon | Clean real smoke fire simulator |
| CN101649735A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-02-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method, system and device for identifying combustion state of underground coal gasification furnace |
| CN202363007U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | Testing and simulating device for fire disasters in narrow and long limited spaces |
| CN104064094A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for formulating scheme for fire hazard evacuation of subway station in construction |
| CN103292835A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Comprehensive detection simulation experiment device for fire detection performance |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109613171A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-12 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of forest mountain soil original position baked wheaten cake simulation test device and its test method |
| CN110567741A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire extinguishing efficiency detection method and system of wind-driven dominant field fire extinguishing machine |
| CN112697838A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-23 | 山东理工大学 | Indoor soil fire simulation test device and test method thereof |
| CN115869576A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-31 | 中国消防救援学院 | Forest fire safety skill training system |
| CN115869576B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-11-10 | 中国消防救援学院 | Forest fire control safety skill training system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017035830A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| CN105723438B (en) | 2018-06-12 |
| AU2015381974A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
| AU2015381974B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
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