CN105723438B - A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105723438B CN105723438B CN201580002586.8A CN201580002586A CN105723438B CN 105723438 B CN105723438 B CN 105723438B CN 201580002586 A CN201580002586 A CN 201580002586A CN 105723438 B CN105723438 B CN 105723438B
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- reative cell
- forest fire
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- collection cigarette
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, simulator ontology is made of reative cell (1), heating unit, collection cigarette unit (2) and temperature sensor (4), heating unit is arranged in reative cell (1), temperature sensor (4) includes temp probe, lead and temperature indicator, collection cigarette unit (2) is arranged on reative cell (1) outside, and reative cell (1) is connected to by pipeline.Above-mentioned simulator can reduce the cost of Simulation of Forest Fire experiment, and forest fires point is avoided to burn experiment and generates atmosphere pollution caused by flue gas, and can it is safer, more accurately be heated after soil data, be conducive to the development that the soil erosion prevention and control of brulee after forest fire work with revegetation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulators of forest fire secondary disaster research, and in particular to a kind of forest fire intensity mould
Intend device and its application method.
Background technology
There are about 4% area of woods every year in the whole world to suffer a calamity loss, and wherein forest fire accounts for the destruction of the forest reserves
It has arrived and has lost nearly the 1/3 of the forest reserves.At present, forest fire all over the world frequently occurs, annual that fire about 220,000 occurs
More than secondary, various forests are burnt up to more than 640 ten thousand hm2, account for about more than the 0.23% of the World Forests coverage rate.China is a Shaolin
Country, Forest Fire occurs every year for national afforestation rate only 20.36%, while be the multiple country of a forest fire again
Calamity 1.6 ten thousand times, average annual burnt area is up to 9 × 105hm2。
Influence of the fire to forest ecosystem is complicated, from Aboveground Biomass of Young is reduced to physical under ground portion
Matter, chemical property, microbial degradation process and the growth of radicula system.Baked wheaten cake can acutely change environmental aspect in a short time, wrap
Quick change forest soil physical property and Hydrological Function are included, changes C/N ratios, aggravation erosion, leaching and denitrification cause
Loss of soil nutrient, micro organism quantity and its correlated process change, so as to which the nutrient for influencing entire forest ecosystem follows
Ring and distribution.It is advantageous or harmful to ecosystem effect, depends primarily on the time and intensity of fire action.In order to study fire
The influence to forest soil is burnt, scientific experiment need to be carried out.
However, in current forest fire protection scientific research process, influence of the research forest fire to soil mainly passes through
Following two modes：
1st, forest fires point burns Control experiment：Experimental field carry out burning that (such as combustible not enough must be near in certain area
Collect combustible and be routed to a burning region in the region of identical standing forest), estimated according to the amount (load) of the scorch height of forest, combustible
Calculate the intensity that forest fires point is burnt.After point is burnt, soil and plant sample are acquired, then carries out lab analysis.This method
The shortcomings that：Environmental pollution is larger；Fire intensity is difficult to control；Soil heat intensity is uneven to cause test error big.
2nd, the undisturbed soil soil in forest land is taken out, transports laboratory back, heated with tools such as Muffle furnaces, according to fire intensity
It is required that set heating temperature, after the completion of heating, in laboratory simulation outdoor environment culture soil.The shortcomings that this method：It is broken
The ecosystem system of soil is broken, causes larger test error.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：The purpose of the invention is to make up the deficiency of existing investigative technique, it is strong to provide a kind of Forest Fire
Spend simulator and its application method.
Technical solution：A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, including ontology, the simulator ontology is by reative cell, heating
Unit, collection cigarette unit and temperature sensor are formed, and heating unit is arranged in reative cell, temperature sensor include temp probe,
Lead, temperature indicator, and temp probe is placed in different depth soil layer, collection cigarette unit is arranged on outside reative cell, passes through pipe
Road is connected to reative cell.
Preferably, the heating unit is the heating wire being arranged on inside reative cell.
It is formed preferably, the heating wire is connected for U-shaped heating wire time the.
Preferably, the heating unit is made of burner noz(zle) and input channel connected to it, burner noz(zle) is equal
It is even to be set to reaction indoor top, input channel one end connection burner noz(zle), other end connection gas cylinder or liquid bottle.
Preferably, the collection cigarette unit is internally provided with water-bath nozzle, the flue dust for reative cell to be generated, which settles, to be inhaled
It is attached.
A kind of application method of Forest Fire strength simulation device, including step is used as described below：
1) used time in field or laboratory is studied dig one and reactor on area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface in the wild
The groove that bottom margin is adapted, about 3cm are deep, and by the insertion groove of reative cell bottom, surrounding is fixed, to prevent runout；
2) heating temperature/intensity and reaction time are set according to fire size class, are tested；
3) while experiment, collection cigarette unit is opened, collects flue dust；
4) after testing, reative cell is removed, is layered according to requirement of experiment and takes out soil sample, carries out physics, chemistry and life
The property analysis such as object.
Advantageous effect：The present invention carries out a burning using simulator and tests, and larger reduces what Simulation of Forest Fire was tested
Cost；Collection cigarette unit is set outside reative cell, and the flue dust that reaction is generated settles, and avoids forest fires point burning experiment generation flue gas and makes
Into atmosphere pollution, and operated in simulator, firepower size is controllable；Heating wire or burner noz(zle) add in reative cell
It is hot uniformly to run away, can it is safer, more accurately obtain soil water experiment data, be conducive to brulee after forest fire
The development of soil erosion prevention and control and revegetation work.
Description of the drawings：
Attached drawing 1 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Attached drawing 2 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment：
Reactor is made not less than 1580 DEG C of inorganic non-metallic refractory material using commercially available refractoriness in the present invention, such as carbon
Composite refractory, zirconia refractory etc., heating wire are mainly that Aludirome electric furnace heating wire and iron-nickel alloy electric furnace heating wire two are big
Class, inoxidizability is strong, and resistance is big, and temperature in use is high.Gas heating mainly using imflammable gas, as carbon monoxide and oxygen,
Hydrogen and oxygen etc.；Liquid heating is mainly using organic liquids such as ethyl alcohol, gasoline.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, such as attached drawing 1, the reative cell 1 do not closed by bottom surface, heating unit, collection cigarette unit 2
It is formed with temperature sensor 4, heating unit is arranged in reative cell 1, and collection cigarette unit 2 is arranged on outside reative cell 1, is connected by pipeline
It is connected to reative cell 1.In the present embodiment, heating unit is the heating wire 31 for being arranged on 1 intermediate position of reative cell, and heating wire is U-shaped
Heating wire time the, which is connected, to be formed, and temperature sensor 4 is made of temp probe, lead, temperature indicator, and temp probe is several
And it is placed in different depth soil layer to survey the soil moisture.
Simulator application method and operation principle：When simulator in the present embodiment works, area or interior are studied in the wild
A groove being adapted with reactor bottom edge is dug on undisturbed soil soil surface, about 3cm is deep, by reative cell bottom insertion groove
Interior, surrounding is fixed, and is opened U-shaped heating wire switch and is heated, and set required temperature range according to experimental design and add
Hot time, the temperature of heater strip and every layer of native temperature are sensed by temp probe, are shown on temperature indicator, experiment it is same
When need to open the switch of collection cigarette Unit 2,2 water-bath nozzle 34 of collection cigarette unit sprays water mist, flue dust is settled, to prevent noxious fume
Discharge.After work, reative cell 1 is removed, is layered according to requirement of experiment and takes out soil sample, carries out physics, chemistry and biology
Wait property analysis.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device, such as attached drawing 2, including ontology, the reative cell 1 do not closed by bottom surface, heating unit,
Collection cigarette unit 2 and temperature sensor 4 are formed, and temperature sensor 4 is made of temp probe, lead, temperature indicator, temp probe
For several and it is placed in different depth soil layer to survey the soil moisture.Heating unit is arranged in reative cell 1, collects cigarette unit
2 are arranged on outside reative cell 1, and reative cell 1 is connected to by pipeline.In the present embodiment, heating unit by burner noz(zle) 32 and and its
The input channel 33 of connection forms, and burner noz(zle) 32 is uniformly arranged on reaction indoor top, the connection burning of 33 one end of input channel
Nozzle, other end connection gas cylinder or liquid bottle, collection cigarette unit 2 is internally provided with water-bath nozzle 34, for the flue dust for generating reative cell 1
Sedimentation absorption.
It is adapted in use, studying dig one on area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface in the wild with reactor bottom edge
Groove, about 3cm is deep, and by the insertion groove of reative cell bottom, surrounding is fixed.Gas or liquid, gas are inputted by input channel
Or the calorific value of fire intensity and unit volume gas or liquid of the input reacting dose of liquid according to needed for experiment carries out conversion and sets
Fixed (standard of fire intensity is shown in Table 1).
The grade scale of 1 surface-fire of table and tree crown fire intensity
It can be seen from Table 1 that the relationship between fire intensity and combustion heating amount, and pass through two formula and can converse
The input reacting dose of gas or liquid.
Formula 1：(threshold value of strength grade)/(edge length of simulator)=(total calorific value of combustible)
Formula 2：(total calorific value of combustible)/(calorific value of gas or liquid unit volume)=(gas/liquid fuel
Volume)
It is lighted a fire, the undisturbed soil point of reactor bottom is burnt, flame temperature and every layer of native temperature by burner noz(zle)
Sensed by temp probe, be shown on temperature indicator.It needs to open the switch for collecting cigarette Unit 2 while experiment, collects cigarette list
First 2 water-bath nozzles 34 sprinkling water mist, flue dust is settled, to prevent the discharge of noxious fume, after work, reative cell 1 is removed,
It is layered according to requirement of experiment and takes out soil sample, carry out the property analysis such as physics, chemistry and biology.
The present embodiment is compared to the prior art, larger to reduce cost, safer；Using heating wire or burning nozzle
As heating unit, homogeneous heating conducive to experiment is more accurately carried out, preferably analyzes experimental result, and the present invention is set
Meter greatly reduces the possibility of environmental pollution, conducive to environmental protection.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of application method of Forest Fire strength simulation device, the Forest Fire strength simulation device includes ontology, the sheet
Body is made of reative cell (1), heating unit, collection cigarette unit (2) and temperature sensor (4), and the heating unit is arranged on instead
It answers in room (1), the temperature sensor (4) includes temp probe, lead, temperature indicator, and temp probe is placed on not
With in depth soil layer, the collection cigarette unit (2) is arranged on reative cell (1) outside, and reative cell (1) is connected to by pipeline, special
Sign is：Including step is used as described below：
1) used time in field or laboratory is studied dig one and reative cell bottom on area or indoor undisturbed soil soil surface in the wild
The groove that edge is adapted, about 3cm are deep, and by the insertion groove of reative cell bottom, surrounding is fixed, to prevent runout；
2) it according to fire intensity grade setting heating temperature, volume of fuel and reaction time, is tested；
3) while experiment, collection cigarette unit is opened, collects flue dust；
4) after testing, reative cell is removed, is layered according to requirement of experiment and takes out soil sample, carries out physics, chemistry and biological
Matter is analyzed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2015/088950 WO2017035830A1 (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | Forest fire intensity simulator and method for use thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105723438A CN105723438A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| CN105723438B true CN105723438B (en) | 2018-06-12 |
Family
ID=56147997
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580002586.8A Active CN105723438B (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | A kind of Forest Fire strength simulation device and its application method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105723438B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2015381974B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017035830A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109613171B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2023-06-20 | 西南交通大学 | Forest mountain soil in-situ fire simulation test device and test method thereof |
| CN110567741B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-06-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Fire extinguishing efficiency detection method and system of wind-driven dominant field fire extinguishing machine |
| CN115869576B (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-11-10 | 中国消防救援学院 | Forest fire control safety skill training system |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1737529A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | 韩国电力公社 | Forest fire simulated test equipment for polymer insulator |
| KR100876846B1 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-12-31 | 한국전기연구원 | Forest fires simulation facility |
| CN101649735A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-02-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method, system and device for identifying combustion state of underground coal gasification furnace |
| CN202363007U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | Testing and simulating device for fire disasters in narrow and long limited spaces |
| CN103292835A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Comprehensive detection simulation experiment device for fire detection performance |
| US8579631B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-11-12 | Dan Beishon | Clean real smoke fire simulator |
| CN104064094A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for formulating scheme for fire hazard evacuation of subway station in construction |
-
2015
- 2015-09-06 WO PCT/CN2015/088950 patent/WO2017035830A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-09-06 AU AU2015381974A patent/AU2015381974B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-09-06 CN CN201580002586.8A patent/CN105723438B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1737529A (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-22 | 韩国电力公社 | Forest fire simulated test equipment for polymer insulator |
| KR100876846B1 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2008-12-31 | 한국전기연구원 | Forest fires simulation facility |
| US8579631B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2013-11-12 | Dan Beishon | Clean real smoke fire simulator |
| CN101649735A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-02-17 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Method, system and device for identifying combustion state of underground coal gasification furnace |
| CN202363007U (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学技术大学苏州研究院 | Testing and simulating device for fire disasters in narrow and long limited spaces |
| CN104064094A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for formulating scheme for fire hazard evacuation of subway station in construction |
| CN103292835A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Comprehensive detection simulation experiment device for fire detection performance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105723438A (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| AU2015381974B2 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
| WO2017035830A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| AU2015381974A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
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