CN105719543B - Packaged type photovoltaic and photothermal integral experiment training system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of teaching equipment manufacturing, in particular to a movable photovoltaic photothermal integrated experiment training system, which includes a mobile frame, a photothermal application device and a photovoltaic power supply device installed on the mobile frame; The heat application device comprises a first simulated light source, a water tank, and a solar panel heat collector; A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are provided, and the water inlet pipe communicates with the water inlet of the water tank; a DC water pump, an ultrasonic heat meter, and a manual valve are sequentially installed on the water outlet pipe. The photovoltaic power supply device includes a second analog light source, a photovoltaic module and a protractor. The patented device is equipped with rollers, and the first and second simulated light sources are detachable. The simulated photovoltaic photothermal integrated system experiment can be carried out indoors, or it can be moved outdoors to conduct the actual environment photovoltaic photothermal integrated system experiment.

Description

Mobile Photovoltaic Photothermal Integrated Experimental Training System

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching equipment manufacturing, in particular to a movable photovoltaic-photothermal-integrated experimental training system.

Background technique

In my country's "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", it is clearly proposed to further develop my country's new energy industry, and the Ministry of Education's "Higher Vocational Education Innovation Development Action Plan (2015-2018)" proposes to focus on vocational education at the junior college and undergraduate levels. However, the new energy majors carried out by various higher vocational colleges have just started, and the curriculum development is not yet mature, especially the professional equipment in the training courses is not perfect, which seriously affects the development of new energy majors and the cultivation of new energy talents. Therefore, it is very important for vocational education to carry out new energy teaching and training courses. Among the existing new energy experimental training equipment, there are a certain number of solar power generation training equipment, but very few solar thermal utilization equipment, and there is no relevant experimental training system for the integration of photovoltaics, light and heat. The State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China published a patent document with the publication number CN103606325A on February 26, 2014. The name is a comprehensive experimental platform for solar photovoltaic power generation, but it cannot be used for teaching and research in photothermal applications; The Intellectual Property Office authorized the patent document with the authorization announcement number CN204102444U on January 14, 2015, which is called a solar thermal experiment platform, but it cannot be used for teaching and research on photovoltaic power generation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, and to provide a movable photovoltaic photothermal integrated experimental training system, which is more suitable for daily practical training and innovative experiments of students majoring in new energy, without any external power supply It is used in actual photovoltaic photothermal experiments.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A mobile photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment training system, including a mobile frame, a photothermal application device and a photovoltaic power supply device installed on the mobile frame; the photothermal application device includes a first simulated light source, a water tank and Solar flat panel heat collector; the first simulated light source is obliquely fixed on the mobile frame, the solar flat panel heat collector is arranged on the lower part of the first simulated light source and fixed with the mobile frame, and the water tank is fixed In the moving frame; the solar panel heat collector is provided with a water inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe communicates with the water inlet of the water tank, and a solenoid valve is installed on the water inlet pipe; the water outlet pipe It is connected with the water outlet of the water tank, and a DC water pump, an ultrasonic heat meter, and a manual valve are successively installed on the water outlet pipe, and a water outlet is provided between the ultrasonic heat meter and the manual valve; the photovoltaic power supply device includes A second simulated light source, a photovoltaic component and a protractor, the second simulated light source is located above the photovoltaic component and installed on a second simulated light source frame support rod, and the second simulated light source frame support rod is fixed on the mobile frame The photovoltaic module is fixed on the horizontal support rod of the photovoltaic module, and the horizontal support rod of the photovoltaic module is installed on the rotating rod of the photovoltaic module, and the rotating rod of the photovoltaic module is hinged with the upper part of the vertical supporting rod of the photovoltaic module, and the vertical support rod of the photovoltaic module is The supporting rod is fixed on the moving frame, the protractor is installed between the vertical supporting rod of the photovoltaic module and the rotating rod of the photovoltaic module, and the vertical supporting rod of the photovoltaic module is connected to the rotating rod of the photovoltaic module. There are adjustable brackets.

Preferably, an electric heater is provided in the water tank.

Preferably, a liquid level sensor is provided in the water tank.

Preferably, the mobile frame is equipped with a photothermal control cabinet; the photothermal control cabinet is composed of a rectifier bridge, a transformer, an air switch group, a conversion module, a photothermal I/O acquisition board, an AC contactor, an indicator light, a second Composed of a relay, a second relay, and a photothermal touch screen; when the simulated photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment is carried out indoors, 220V AC powers the first simulated light source and electric heater through the switch box, and the 220V AC passes through the air switch group to reach the transformer And the rectifier bridge becomes 24V DC to supply power for the photothermal I/O acquisition board, the relay coil of the first relay, the relay coil of the second relay, the ultrasonic heat meter, the liquid level sensor, the conversion module, and the photothermal touch screen.

Preferably, the photothermal I/O acquisition board is used to collect the data of the liquid level sensor and the ultrasonic heat meter, feed it back to the photothermal touch screen, and control the solenoid valve and DC through the first relay and the second relay respectively. The water pump controls the electric heater through the AC contactor to realize the monitoring of solar heat utilization, and the photothermal touch screen is used to monitor various data in real time and control and switch various states.

Preferably, the ultrasonic heat meter uses an M-BUS bus, while the photothermal I/O acquisition board uses an RS-485 bus, which is converted by a conversion module and communicates with the photothermal I/O acquisition board.

Preferably, a photovoltaic control cabinet and a battery pack are installed on the mobile frame.

Preferably, the photovoltaic control cabinet includes a fuse, a terminal block, an air switch, a third relay, an inverter, a DC current sensor, a photovoltaic I/O acquisition board, and a photovoltaic touch screen; the photovoltaic module receives light to generate electric energy and flows into the photovoltaic control cabinet , through the terminal block, air switch, and the third relay to supply power to the battery pack and the load respectively, the DC current sensor obtains the photovoltaic power generation current value, and after collecting data through the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board, the feedback is displayed on the photovoltaic touch screen. Display the current value of photovoltaic power generation and adjust the power supply status.

Preferably, when carrying out the actual environment photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment training outdoors, the simulated light source is disassembled, and the electric heater is not working at the same time, the photovoltaic power supply device can provide 24V DC power for the photothermal application device and itself, Meet the normal operation of the photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment training system.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Compared with the prior art, this device has the following advantages: 1. This patented system is an original case combining a photovoltaic system and a photothermal system, forming a set of independent photovoltaic photothermal systems that do not require an external power supply Integrated system; this patented system is equipped with rollers, and the simulated light source is detachable, so that the experiment of simulating the integrated photovoltaic photothermal system can be carried out indoors, and it can also be moved outdoors for the experiment of the integrated photovoltaic photothermal system in the actual environment; 2. This patented system is equipped with a protractor and an adjustment bracket, which can accurately adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module, which is convenient for students to compare the photovoltaic power supply status at the optimal inclination angle in different regions, and conduct experiments on the photovoltaic power supply system at the optimal inclination angle, which is consistent with the optimal inclination angle of the sun. 3. This patented system has the characteristics of modularization and detachability, and can be used for installation, commissioning, operation, and maintenance of photovoltaic power supply devices and photothermal application devices. Students can independently design water systems and electrical systems and complete 4. This patented system has the function of energy consumption analysis and data collection, which can be fed back to the touch screen of the monitoring system terminal, and students can independently design the monitoring system; 5. This patented system uses standard photovoltaic modules and solar panel collectors, which fully reflects The actual photovoltaic photothermal integrated system can be used in the demonstration process of the photovoltaic photothermal integrated system, which is convenient for students to be familiar with the photovoltaic photothermal integrated system in the actual project as a whole.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the back view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A-A direction sectional view among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of B-B direction among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the connection diagram of solar panel heat collector in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the electrical schematic diagram of the photothermal application device in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is an electrical schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power supply device in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a mobile photovoltaic photothermal integrated experiment training system includes a mobile frame 2, a photothermal application device and a photovoltaic power supply installed on the mobile frame. device; the photothermal application device includes a first simulated light source 1, a water tank 3 and a solar panel heat collector 4; the first simulated light source is obliquely fixed on the moving frame, and the solar panel heat collector is arranged on the The lower part of the first simulated light source is fixed with the moving frame, and the water tank is fixed in the moving frame; the solar panel heat collector is provided with a water inlet pipe 5 and an outlet pipe 6, and the water inlet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe. The water inlet of the water tank is communicated, and a solenoid valve 7 is installed on the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet of the water tank, and a DC water pump 8, an ultrasonic heat meter 9, and a manual valve are successively installed on the water outlet pipe. 10. A drain port 11 is provided between the ultrasonic heat meter and the manual valve. An electric heater 12 is provided in the water tank. A liquid level sensor 13 is provided in the water tank. A photothermal control cabinet 14 is arranged on the mobile frame. A switch box 15 is also installed on the mobile frame, and the switch box and the photothermal control cabinet are used for data collection of the solar thermal utilization system.

As shown in Figure 7, the photothermal control cabinet consists of a rectifier bridge 16, a transformer 17, an air switch group 18, a conversion module 19, a photothermal I/O acquisition board 20, an AC contactor 21, an indicator light 22, and a first relay 23. The second relay 24 and the photothermal touch screen 25 are composed; when the simulated photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment training is carried out indoors, the 220V AC powers the first simulated light source and the electric heater through the switch box, and the 220V AC reaches the transformer through the air switch And the rectifier bridge becomes 24V DC to supply power for the photothermal I/O acquisition board, the relay coil of the first relay, the relay coil of the second relay, the ultrasonic heat meter, the liquid level sensor, the conversion module, and the photothermal touch screen. The photothermal I/O acquisition board is used to collect the data of the liquid level sensor and the ultrasonic heat meter, feed it back to the touch screen, and control the electromagnetic valve and the DC water pump through the first relay and the second relay respectively, and through the The AC contactor controls the electric heater to realize the monitoring of solar heat utilization, and the touch screen is used for real-time monitoring of various data and control and switching of various states. The ultrasonic heat meter uses the M-BUS bus, while the photothermal I/O acquisition board uses the RS-485 bus, which is converted by the conversion module and communicates with the photothermal I/O acquisition board.

The cold water in the water tank flows out of the water tank through the water outlet, and reaches the solar panel collector through manual valves, ultrasonic heat meters, and DC water pumps. The manual valve is the main switch of the water system, the ultrasonic heat meter collects the flow rate and the temperature of the water flowing into the solar panel collector, and the DC water pump drives the water cycle of the solar heat utilization system. Sunlight or the first analog light source heats the cold water in the solar flat panel heat collector into hot water, and returns to the water tank from the water inlet, and the ultrasonic heat meter collects the temperature of the water flowing out of the solar flat panel heat collector. The tank is equipped with a vent to ensure pressure equalization in the tank. The liquid level sensor can obtain the water level data in the water tank, which can be collected by the photothermal I/O acquisition board. When the water volume is too low, the solenoid valve can be opened to replenish water from the cold water replenishment port. When hot water is used, the drain port can be opened. When the light is insufficient or the first simulated light source is insufficient, an electric heater can be used for auxiliary heating.

When carrying out simulated photovoltaic photothermal integration experiment training indoors. The 220V AC enters the photothermal control cabinet through the switch box, and is converted into 24V DC through the air switch group, transformer, and rectifier bridge, and the 24V DC reaches the ultrasonic heat meter, conversion module, photothermal touch screen, liquid level sensor and photoelectric The 24+\G- port of the thermal I/O acquisition board supplies power to the above devices. The 220V AC powers the electric heater through the air switch group and the AC contactor. The 220V AC supplies power to the AC contactor and indicator lights through the DO5+\DO5- ports of the photothermal I/O acquisition board. The 24V direct current supplies power to the first relay through the DO3+\DO3- port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board to form a self-lock and supply power to the solenoid valve. The 24V DC supplies power to the second relay through the DO4+\DO4- port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board to form a self-lock and supply power to the DC water pump.

The data obtained by the liquid level sensor is transmitted to the AI1+\AI1- port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board. When the monitored water volume is too small, the first relay can be closed through the DO3+\DO3- port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board to form an automatic The lock powers the solenoid valve for water replenishment. When the system needs to carry out solar heat utilization water circulation, the DO4+\DO4- port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board can be used to control the second relay to close to form a self-locking power supply for the DC water pump and form a water cycle. The data obtained by the ultrasonic heat meter is converted by the conversion module (M-bus bus is converted to RS-485 bus), and transmitted to the RS485 port of the photothermal I/O acquisition board. When the temperature flowing out of the solar flat panel collector is too low, the DO5+\DO5- port of the photothermal I/O collection board can be used to control the AC contactor to close, and at the same time, the indicator light is on, and the heating function of the electric heater is turned on to assist in heating the water system.

The above data collected by the photothermal I/O acquisition board can be fed back to the photothermal touch screen 25 through the RS485 port to realize the monitoring of the patented device.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 and Figure 4, the photovoltaic power supply device includes a second simulated light source 26, a photovoltaic assembly 27 and a protractor 28, the second simulated light source is located above the photovoltaic assembly and installed on the second simulated light source On the frame support rod 29, the second simulated light source frame support rod is fixed on the movable base; the photovoltaic module is fixed on the photovoltaic module transverse support rod 30, and the photovoltaic module lateral support rod is installed on the On the rod 31, the photovoltaic module rotation rod is hinged to the upper part of the photovoltaic module vertical support rod 32, the photovoltaic module vertical support rod is fixed on the movable base, and the protractor is installed on the photovoltaic module vertical support rod An adjustment bracket 33 is provided between the rod and the photovoltaic module rotating rod, and between the photovoltaic module vertical support rod and the photovoltaic module rotating rod.

A photovoltaic control cabinet 34 and a battery pack 35 are installed on the movable base. The storage battery group is divided into two groups, each group is composed of two 24V storage batteries connected in parallel, one group works normally, and the other group is standby.

The photovoltaic control cabinet includes a fuse, a terminal block, an air switch, a third relay, an inverter, a DC current sensor, a photovoltaic I/O acquisition board, and a photovoltaic touch screen HMI; The terminal block, air switch, and the third relay supply power to the battery pack and the load respectively. During this process, the DC current sensor obtains the photovoltaic power generation current value, collects data in the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board, and feeds back on the photovoltaic touch screen HMI. The photovoltaic touch screen HMI can be used to display and adjust the power supply status. The photovoltaic I/O acquisition board of the patented device has its own CPU, which can control related electrical components according to the photovoltaic touch screen HMI instructions or preset automatic programs.

The battery group is divided into two groups, each group is composed of two 24V batteries connected in parallel, one group is used for normal work, and the other group is for standby. Photovoltaic I/O acquisition board for data acquisition. Photovoltaic power generation and battery discharge power reach the air switch (single pole) through the terminal block, and directly supply power for solar thermal application devices, or continue to be boosted and inverted by relays and inverters to 220V AC power supply for AC loads. During the process The discharge current value is obtained by the DC current sensor, and the data is collected in the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board, and fed back on the photovoltaic touch screen HMI, which can be used to display and adjust the charging status. The photovoltaic I/O acquisition board of the photovoltaic power supply device has its own CPU, which can control related electrical components according to the photovoltaic touch screen HMI instructions or preset automatic programs.

The photovoltaic touch screen HMI can intuitively monitor the operation of the entire system. It can obtain the power generation current value of the photovoltaic module, the charge and discharge current value of the battery, and the current value of the inverter input terminal, and at the same time obtain the charge and discharge voltage value of the battery, and then obtain the real-time power generation and cumulative power generation of the solar power generation system; Control the working state of charging and discharging. After the data is displayed on the photovoltaic touch screen, the system parameters of the portable solar power generation experiment and training device can be adjusted in time.

The photovoltaic module is composed of two polysilicon panels connected in parallel, each polysilicon panel has an optimal working voltage of 31.5V and a peak power of 250W. The second simulated light source is composed of a group of 500W projection lamps.

As shown in Figure 8, the photovoltaic module composed of two polysilicon panels connected in parallel is connected to the relay K1 through the air switch QF1, and connected to the relay K2 through the air switch QF2. This process is protected by the anti-reverse charging diode D to prevent the photovoltaic Component charging, relay K1 and relay K2 control the output of the photovoltaic module, the output of the photovoltaic module passes through the air switch QF3, the air switch QF4 to the battery GB1, the battery GB2 and the battery GB3, the battery GB4, and the battery GB1 and the battery GB2 are charged and discharged by the air switch QF3 , Battery GB3 and battery GB4 are charged and discharged (standby) controlled by air switch QF4. The photovoltaic module output and battery discharge can be directly connected to the DC 24V load, or connected to the inverter UI through the air switch QF5, the relay K3 and the fuse FU1. Switch QF6 and air switch QF7 supply power to the AC load RL. The fuse FU1 is used to protect the power supply end, and the fuse FU2 is used to protect the AC load. The photovoltaic power supply device can provide 24V DC power for the photothermal application device and itself.

The 24V DC power supplies power to relay K1 and relay K2 through the DO1+\DO1- port of the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board and DO2+\DO2- of the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board respectively, and controls the photovoltaic module composed of two polysilicon solar panels to output electric energy to the outside . The 24V DC power supplies power to the relay K3 through the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board DO3+\DO3-, and controls the output of the photovoltaic module and the discharge of the battery to enter the inverter UI. The 24V DC power supply supplies power to the 24+\G- ports of the photovoltaic touch screen HMI and photovoltaic I/O acquisition board through the touch screen switch SH. The DC current sensor BHBM1 and the DC current sensor BHBM2 are powered by the FJ2 port of the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board.

The DC current sensor BHBM1 collects the current at the photovoltaic output terminal and transmits it to the AI1+\AI1- port of the photovoltaic I/O acquisition board. /O collection board AI2+\AI2- port collects battery charging and discharging voltage values. The photovoltaic I/O acquisition board supplies power through DO1+\DO1- ports and DO2+\DO2- control relay K1 and relay K2 to control the output of photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic I/O acquisition board controls the power supply of the relay K3 through the DO3+\DO13- port, so as to control the output of the photovoltaic module and the discharge of the battery to enter the inverter UI, and supply power to the AC load RL. The photovoltaic I/O acquisition board feeds back the obtained data to the photovoltaic touch screen HMI through the RS485 port.

The photovoltaic touch screen HMI can intuitively monitor the operation of the entire system. It can obtain and display the generated current value of the photovoltaic module, the charging and discharging current value of the battery, the current value of the inverter input terminal and the charging and discharging voltage value of the battery, and can also control the charging and discharging state of the battery. After obtaining the displayed data, the system parameters of the portable solar power generation experiment and training device can be adjusted in time, and related experiments can be carried out.

This system can carry out experiments and training related to actual photovoltaic power supply and solar thermal application outdoors without any external power supply.

Through this experimental training system, the following experimental training items can be carried out:

1. Installation of photovoltaic modules and brackets for photovoltaic power supply devices, flat plate collectors and water tanks for photothermal application devices

2. Design, installation and commissioning of electrical systems for photovoltaic power supply devices and photothermal application devices

3. Design, programming and debugging of photovoltaic power supply device and solar thermal application device monitoring system

4. Design, installation and commissioning of the water system of the photothermal application device

5. Debugging of charging and discharging status of battery of photovoltaic power supply device

6. Performance test of photovoltaic power supply device and photothermal application device (including open circuit voltage, short circuit current, volt-ampere characteristic curve, power output curve of photovoltaic power supply device, external voltmeter and resistance box, temperature and heat of photothermal application device, etc. )

7. Engineering demonstration of actual photovoltaic power supply device and photothermal application device

8. Comparison test between the actual photovoltaic power supply device and the simulated photovoltaic power supply device

9. Comparison test between the actual photothermal application device and the simulated photothermal application device

10. Independent design, installation, programming and commissioning of integrated photovoltaic and thermal systems

11. Comparative experiments on the optimal inclination angles of theoretical and practical photovoltaic power supply devices in different regions

12. Solar tracking experiment of photovoltaic power supply device

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of packaged type photovoltaic and photothermal integral experiment training system, it is characterised in that：Including mobility framework and installation Photo-thermal technology application device and photovoltaic power supply device in mobility framework；Photo-thermal technology application device include the first analog light source, water tank with And plate solar collector；The inclination of first analog light source is fixed in mobility framework, and plate solar collector is arranged on the The lower part of one analog light source is simultaneously fixed with mobility framework, and water tank is fixed in mobility framework；Plate solar collector is equipped with Water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, water inlet pipe are connected with the water inlet of water tank, and solenoid valve is equipped on water inlet pipe；Outlet pipe and water tank go out The mouth of a river connects, and is sequentially installed with DC water pump, ultrasonic calorimeter, manually-operated gate on outlet pipe, ultrasonic calorimeter with manually Discharge opening is equipped between valve；Photovoltaic power supply device includes the second analog light source, photovoltaic module and protractor, the second simulation Light source is located above photovoltaic module and on the second analog light source frame supporting rod, and the second analog light source frame supporting rod is fixed on In mobility framework；Photovoltaic module is fixed in photovoltaic module transverse support bar, and photovoltaic module transverse support bar is mounted on photovoltaic group On part swingle, photovoltaic module swingle and photovoltaic module vertical supporting bar upper articulation, photovoltaic module vertical supporting bar are fixed In mobility framework, protractor is mounted between photovoltaic module vertical supporting bar and photovoltaic module swingle, and photovoltaic module is vertical Adjusting bracket is equipped between supporting rod and photovoltaic module swingle.

2. packaged type photovoltaic and photothermal integral experiment training system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In water tank Equipped with electric heater.

3. packaged type photovoltaic and photothermal integral experiment training system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In water tank Equipped with liquid level sensor.

4. packaged type photovoltaic and photothermal integral experiment training system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Movable frame Photovoltaic switch board and accumulator group are installed on frame.