CN201113835Y - Grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power supply heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grid-connected residential solar power supply heating device. The device is mainly composed of a heat collecting tube, a solar silicon cell array, an inverter, a temperature difference indirect forced water heater, a controller and a circuit. Cooling circulating water pipes are installed on the solar silicon cell array; the inverter is a composite PR multifunctional inverter composed of a sine wave generator, a limiter, an electronic power conversion device and an LC filter circuit; a heat pipe type heat collecting vacuum tube is adopted Collector. The utility model improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency and ensures the safety of the solar photoelectric conversion device when connected to the grid, and the automatic control system can automatically adjust and compensate power supply through the grid to ensure continuous and normal operation of all loads. The utility model has low manufacturing cost and is suitable for grid-connected power supply and heat supply of popular solar houses.

Description

Grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power supply heating device

technical field

The utility model relates to a residential solar power supply and heating device.

Background technique

Solar energy is more and more favored and valued by people as a clean and cheap energy source. The existing solar power supply systems in the world include: photovoltaic direct conversion power supply system, independent continuous solar power supply system, grid-connected system, grid-connected and independent dual-function hybrid system. At present, most residential solar heating and power supply devices are mostly independent solar power supply devices. Their disadvantages are: when the sunlight is strong during the day, they can generate sufficient solar power, but the power consumption of residential users is at a low level during this time period. Low period - the sufficient power generated by the solar power supply device has not been fully and timely applied, while the public grid is in the peak period of power consumption due to industrial production, commercial operations, government school offices, etc. - the sufficient power generated by the independent solar power supply device However, electric energy cannot contribute to the public grid; at night or in rainy days, it is difficult for independent solar power supply devices to meet the needs of residential users for electric energy, while the public grid cannot supplement the shortage of solar power supply devices for residential users. The solar energy device of the traditional grid-connected system overcomes the shortcomings of the independent solar power supply device. It is mainly composed of a silicon cell array, a controller and a circuit. The series of facilities convert the generated DC power into AC power that can be accepted by general equipment. The excess AC power is supplied to the public grid, and the insufficient power is obtained from the public grid. However, during the photoelectric conversion process of the silicon cells used in the grid-connected system, the electrons in the semiconductor acupoints caused by solar heat radiation are dissociated in disorder, resulting in low photoelectric conversion efficiency, which has become one of the main reasons affecting the popularization and application of this technology.

In addition, the inverter, an important component in the solar photoelectric conversion equipment produced in various countries in the market, cannot meet the technical indicators of silicon cell design in terms of technical application, thus weakening the popularization and application of this technology; and the inverter In the application of photoelectric system, due to the harmonic distortion brought by the measurement and control method, it also causes self-energy offset and reduces the system performance.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power supply and heating device with high conversion efficiency, low cost, convenient installation and suitable for popular application.

The utility model is mainly composed of a heat pipe type heat collecting vacuum tube, a solar silicon crystal battery array, a heat collector, a composite PR multifunctional inverter, a sampling tracker, a junction box, a power regulator, a temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater, and an automatic switching Composition of distribution box, countercurrent power meter and circuit.

The main improvements made by the utility model on the basis of the traditional grid-connected system solar energy device are:

1. On the usual solar silicon cell array, a cooling circulating water pipe connected with the water pipe on the solar water heater is added. That is, through the cold water in the side pipeline, the solar silicon cell is physically cooled. In this way, the disordered dissociation of semiconductor acupoint electrons is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the silicon cell is improved. At the same time, the cold water in the pipeline passes through heat exchange. And preheating, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the solar water heater.

2. On solar silicon cells, anti-parallel diodes and series-connected directional diodes are used to control electric energy; the main outgoing line is also connected in series with directional diodes. It can effectively prevent the reverse current from damaging the silicon battery.

In addition, lightning arresters are added on or near the device. In order to improve the safety and service life of the system.

3. The inverter is mainly composed of a sine wave generator, a limiter, an electronic power conversion device and an inverter with LC filter to form a multifunctional inverter. Its main function is to superimpose and oscillate the DC power signal, transform the DC current and voltage into an AC signal, and to analyze the frequency, phase, voltage, current, active power, reactive power, voltage fluctuation rate and higher harmonics Monitor and adjust.

4. Using the closed-loop control principle of electronic technology, through the closed-loop control of the DC voltage of the main circuit of the system. It is beneficial to realize the electric energy exchange between the solar power generation system and the power supply network, and at the same time, make the solar DC voltage maintain the best constant state during photoelectric conversion and when doing work on the load.

5. Use temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater. When the water heater is subjected to computer automatic measurement and control, the system operation is more efficient and energy-saving.

The utility model improves the efficiency of photoelectric conversion after adding a cold water circulation pipeline at the solar silicon crystal cell array; because the automatic control system is provided with a harmonic elimination circuit that automatically detects and automatically outputs control harmonic signals, thereby avoiding the The pulse impact of the DC electromotive force generated during the conversion on the power supply network improves the safety of the solar photoelectric conversion device when it is connected to the grid; and the automatic control system can automatically adjust and compensate the power supply through the grid to ensure continuous and normal operation of all loads. The utility model has low manufacturing cost and is suitable for popular application of grid-connected power supply and heat supply.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1. is the overall structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2. is the circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 are schematic diagrams of water-cooled silicon solar cell devices;

Fig. 4. is the structural representation of heat pipe type heat collecting vacuum tube heat collector;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the automatic control system of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Heat pipe heat collection vacuum tube heat collector, 2. Solar silicon cell array, 3. Composite PR multifunctional inverter, 4. Sampling tracker, 5. Junction box, 6 load power regulator, 7. Load, 8. Temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater, 9. Automatic switching distribution box, 10. Countercurrent power meter, 11 User power meter, 12. Public power grid, 13. Cooling circulating water pipe, 14. Series bypass parallel diode , 15. Silicon solar cell, 16. Electronic frequency conversion signal input, 17. Control circuit, 18. Grid input, 19. Sine wave generator, 20. Lightning arrester, 21. Limiter, 22. Electronic power conversion device, 23 .LC filter inverter, 27. Automatic control system, 28. TPT layer, 29. Glass cover plate, 30. Back plate, 31. Connecting header, 32. Heat conduction block, 33. Heat insulation material, 34. Insulation box , 35. bracket, 36. heat pipe type collector vacuum tube, 37. casing.

Detailed ways

Describe an embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

The overall structure of the utility model is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: the solar silicon crystal battery array 2 converts the light wave energy with a wavelength less than 1.1 μm in the solar radiation into a DC electromotive force, and is collected by the junction box 5 and then transported to the sampling tracker 4 , the sampling tracker 4 tracks and measures the output of solar photoelectric conversion in real time, and outputs the result to the automatic control system 27; the automatic control system 27 dynamically adjusts the working parameters of the composite PR multifunctional inverter 3, and controls the solar silicon crystal cell array The DC electromotive force generated by 2 is converted into a stable sine wave AC power that meets the requirements of the public grid 12; the load power regulator 6 and the automatic switch distribution box 9 are under the measurement and control of the automatic control system 27, and according to the situation of the load 7, in the solar power supply system Balance adjustment with the public power grid 12 to ensure stable operation of the load 7 . The countercurrent power meter 10 and the user power meter 11 are respectively used to display the electric energy output by the user to the public grid 12 and the electric energy imported from the public grid.

The light wave energy of the solar radiation with a wavelength greater than 1.1 μm and the energy not effectively converted into electrical energy by the solar silicon cell array 2 are converted into heat energy after reflection loss. This part of energy is partially absorbed by the cooling water distributed in the cooling circulation water pipe 13 behind the solar silicon cell array 2 . The preheated cooling water is sent to the temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater 8 after being heated when passing through the heat pipe heat collecting vacuum tube heat collector 1, and the temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater 8 adjusts the water temperature under the measurement and control of the computer automatic control system 27 , and deliver hot water that meets user requirements to users.

Fig. 2, Fig. 5 have shown the circuit principle of the present utility model: in solar silicon crystal cell array 2, silicon crystal solar cell 15 series bypass parallel connection diode 14, and total outgoing line is also connected in series with directional diode, to prevent reverse current from affecting silicon crystal battery damage.

The direct current generated by the solar silicon cell array 2 reaches the sine wave generator 19 through the sampling tracker 4, the sine wave generator 19, the limiter 21, the electronic power conversion device 22 and the LC filter inverter 23 constitute a composite PR multifunctional inverter3. The main function of this part is to superimpose and oscillate the DC power signal. After improving the automatic tracking and automatic adjustment system function, the system not only has the function of converting DC current and voltage into AC signals, but also can control frequency, phase, voltage, current, and active power. Power, reactive power, voltage fluctuation rate and higher harmonics all have good monitoring and adjustment functions.

The composite PR multifunctional inverter 3 of this system adopts the closed-loop control technology of the main circuit DC voltage, and returns the electric energy of the sine wave formed by DC/AC conversion that exceeds the limit standard to the limiter through the electronic circuit 21, make it re-transform with the current that normally enters the system in the weighted average integration.

The automatic control system 27 adopts computer control to measure, control and track the operation of all devices including water heaters, and automatically adjusts the fluctuations of the public power grid 12 and the load 7 .

On the solar silicon cell array 2, a lightning arrester 20 is arranged.

The control circuit 17 first tracks the voltage change in the grid input 18, collects phase information, then tracks the electronic frequency conversion signal input 16 generated by the DC/DC conversion circuit of the system, and controls the inverter 23 to perform phase synchronization through the automatic control system 27 to ensure that the system The output is in the same phase as the grid.

As shown in Fig. 3-1, it is a water-cooled silicon crystal solar cell device of the present invention: the silicon crystal solar cell 15 is installed in an open metal box, and the front opening of the metal box is sealed with a glass cover plate 29. The metal box and the silicon crystal solar cell 15 are separated by a TPT layer 28 to prevent the silicon crystal solar cell 15 from directly contacting with the metal box to cause a short circuit. The back plate 30 of metal box is welded with serpentine galvanized red copper cooling circulation water pipe 13, and this water pipe communicates with the upper water pipe of temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater 8. When the whole power supply and heating device were in operation, the circulating cold water supplied by the water heater took away the heat conducted when the silicon solar cell 15 was irradiated by sunlight, so that the heat received by the silicon solar cell 15 and the glass cover plate 29 was just It is taken away by the continuously flowing circulating water, thus reducing the disordered dissociation of semiconductor acupoint electrons, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the silicon crystal solar cell 15 .

Fig. 4 has shown the structure diagram of heat pipe type heat collecting vacuum tube heat collector: this heat collector mainly has heat pipe type vacuum heat collecting tube 36, heat conduction block 32, connecting header 31, heat insulating material 33, heat preservation box 34, support 37, Casing 35. When the heat pipe type vacuum heat collecting tubes 36 are in operation, each vacuum tube converts solar radiation energy into heat energy and conducts it to the heat pipe in the middle of the heat absorbing sheet, and then conducts heat to the circulating water in the connecting header 31 through the heat conducting block 32 . Adopting this currently internationally recognized high-efficiency collector water heater, especially after the solar silicon cell array 2 performs heat exchange, greatly improves the working efficiency of the water heater.

Fig. 5 is the control schematic diagram of the automatic control system of the present invention. The automatic control system 27 of this device controls the sampling tracker 4 to continuously collect the output of the silicon crystal solar cell 15, adjusts the operating parameters of the sine wave generator 19, the composite PR multifunctional inverter 3, and controls the sampling tracker 4 in the load power regulator. 6, control the automatic switch distribution box 9 to switch between the solar power supply system and the public grid 12, and provide stable power supply to the load 7. At the same time, the automatic control system 27 controls the temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater 8 to control the output water temperature of the heat pipe heat collecting vacuum tube array 1 .

Claims (4)

1. A grid-connected residential fully automatic solar powered heating device, including a solar silicon cell array (2), a solar water heater (8), a junction box (5), a controller, a countercurrent power meter (10) and a circuit, its characteristics It is: there is an inverter (3); said solar silicon cell array is installed with a cooling circulating water pipe (13) communicated with a water pipe on the solar water heater (8) behind the usual solar silicon cell array (2). ). 2. The grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said inverter (3) is a sine wave generator (19), a limiter (21), A composite PR multifunctional inverter composed of an electronic power conversion device (22) and an LC filter circuit (23). 3. The grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power supply and heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circuit uses anti-parallel diodes and series directional diodes to control electric energy, and the main outlet is also connected in series with directional diodes. 4. The grid-connected residential fully automatic solar power heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: said solar water heater (8) is a temperature difference indirect forced solar water heater.

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