CN105717060A - Method for measuring compositions and concentration of gas - Google Patents
Method for measuring compositions and concentration of gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105717060A CN105717060A CN201610051709.3A CN201610051709A CN105717060A CN 105717060 A CN105717060 A CN 105717060A CN 201610051709 A CN201610051709 A CN 201610051709A CN 105717060 A CN105717060 A CN 105717060A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010052128 Glare Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004497 NIR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring compositions and the concentration of gas. The method includes generating light signals for an optional type of to-be-measured gas in sample pools by the aid of light sources, collimating and processing the light signals by collimating lenses and then allowing the light signals to perpendicularly irradiate on incident light surfaces of the sample pools; collecting light signals, emergent from the sample pools, by the aid of collecting lenses, amplifying and processing the collected light signals by the aid of preamplifiers and then transmitting the light signals to detectors; converting the amplified and processed light signals into analog electric signals by the aid of the detectors, converting the analog electric signals into digital signals by the aid of data acquisition cards, then transmitting the converted digital signals to computer systems and acquiring, processing and displaying data. The light signals generated by the light signals correspond to absorption peaks of the to-be-measured gas. The method has the advantages that wavelengths of the light signals generated by the 2.3-2.8-micrometer continuously adjustable single-frequency light sources can be adjusted according to the maximum absorption peaks of the to-be-measured gas, and accordingly the different types of gas with the different absorption peaks can be measured by the aid of the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas componant and concentration measuring method, particularly relate to a kind of gas componant that can measure multiple gases and concentration measuring method.
Background technology
Hereinafter the background of related of the present invention is illustrated, but these prior aries illustrating to constitute the present invention.
When prior art measures gas concentration, adopt electrochemical method, ultraviolet absorption method or near infrared spectroscopy more.But, the error that electrochemical method measures gas concentration is relatively big, and the light source stability of ultraviolet absorption method is bad, the light source of the single wavelength that near infrared spectrum fado adopts, and is difficult to the multiple gas measurement with different absworption peak.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of gas componant and concentration measuring method, it is possible to measuring the concentration of the composition in multiple gases and every kind of gas, accuracy and accuracy are good.
Gas componant according to the present invention and concentration measuring method, including: for the gas to be measured of any one in sample cell:
S1, making light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured, after the collimated collimated process of described optical signal, vertical irradiation is to the incident light plane of sample cell；
S2, utilize collecting lens to collect from the optical signal of sample cell outgoing, be amplified processing, being then passed to detector to the optical signal collected by preamplifier；
S3, by detector, the optical signal after processing and amplifying is changed into analog electrical signal, analog electrical signal is converted to digital signal by data collecting card, then the digital signal after conversion is passed to computer system carries out data sampling and processing and display；Wherein,
Light source is 2.3 μm～2.8 μm continuously adjustabe monochromatic sources, can the wavelength of optical signal that produces of tuning source by regulating the temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source；
Equipped with SO in sample cell2、H2S、CO2、CH4In four kinds of gases any one or its combination.
Preferably, step S3 carries out data sampling and processing to include:
Obtain the light signal strength I of sample cell thickness L, light source generation0With the light signal strength I from sample cell outgoing；
The concentration of gas to be measured is determined according to following relational expression；If I=I0, or the concentration of gas to be measured determined according to following relational expression be zero, then show in sample cell without there being described gas to be measured:
I=I0×exp(-α(v)×c×L)
In formula, α (v) is the absorptance of gas to be measured, and unit is: cm-1；C is the volume fraction of gas to be measured in sample cell, and unit is: %.
Preferably, the optical signal that light source produces includes: with SO22.76 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and H22.67 μm of optical signals that the absworption peak of S is corresponding and CO22.704 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and CH42.37 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak.
Preferably, make light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured to include:
Mapping relations between wavelength and the light source crystal temperature effect of the absworption peak inquiry optical signal according to gas to be measured, it is determined that the light source crystal temperature effect corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured；
The temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source is regulated to described light source crystal temperature effect, makes light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured.
Preferably, the live width of described optical signal is accurate to pm magnitude.
Preferably, the plane of incidence of collimating lens and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.
Preferably, the plane of incidence of sample cell and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.
Preferably, the diameter of collecting lens is 30.
Gas componant according to the present invention and concentration measuring method, by adopting 2.3 μm～2.8 μm continuously adjustabe monochromatic sources, the wavelength of the optical signal that light source produces can be reconciled, it is achieved to the multiple gas measurement with different absworption peak according to the maximum absorption band of gas to be measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the detailed description of the invention part provided referring to accompanying drawing, the features and advantages of the present invention will become better understood by, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram illustrating gas componant and apparatus for measuring concentration according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings the illustrative embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.To the description of illustrative embodiments merely for the sake of demonstration purpose, and it is definitely not the restriction to the present invention and application or usage.
According to Beer law it can be seen that when a branch of collimated monochromatic ligth is perpendicular through the extinction material of a certain uniform non-scatter, its absorbance is directly proportional to concentration and the absorber thickness of extinction material.The absworption peak of gas with various is different.Getting rid of or ignoring under the scattering of sample cell and the premise of refraction action, when the intensity of optical signal does not change before and after sample cell, illustrate sample cell does not contain the gas componant that absworption peak is equal with the wavelength of this optical signal；The decay before and after sample cell of the intensity of optical signal is more big, it was shown that in sample cell, the concentration of the gas that absworption peak is equal with the wavelength of this optical signal is more big.Therefore, it can be determined by the change before and after test substance the concentration of gas to be measured by optical signal.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram illustrating gas componant and apparatus for measuring concentration according to the present invention.Gas componant according to the present invention and concentration measuring method, including: for the gas to be measured of any one in sample cell:
S1, making light source 1 produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured, after the process of described optical signal collimated lens 2 collimation, vertical irradiation is to the incident light plane of sample cell 3.
S2, utilize collecting lens 4 to collect the optical signal from sample cell 3 outgoing, be amplified processing, being then passed to detector 6 to the optical signal collected by preamplifier 5；
S3, by detector 6, the optical signal after processing and amplifying is changed into analog electrical signal, analog electrical signal is converted to digital signal by data collecting card 7, then the digital signal after conversion is passed to computer system 8 carries out data sampling and processing and display.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, step S3 carries out data sampling and processing to include:
Obtain the light signal strength I of sample cell thickness L, light source generation0With the light signal strength I from sample cell outgoing；
The concentration of gas to be measured is determined according to following relational expression；If I=I0, or the concentration of gas to be measured determined according to following relational expression be zero, then show in sample cell without there being described gas to be measured:
I=I0×exp(-α(v)×c×L)
In formula, α (v) is the absorptance of gas to be measured, and unit is: cm-1；C is the volume fraction of gas to be measured in sample cell, and unit is: %.
The optical signal vertical irradiation that light source produces is to the incident light plane of sample cell 3, and therefore in sample cell, the effective interaction length of gas to be measured and optical signal is sample cell thickness.The optical signal that in the present invention, light source produces makes corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured, and the wavelength of optical signal is equal with the absworption peak wavelength of gas to be measured, thus ensureing that the live width of optical signal overlaps with the maximum absorption band of gas to be measured, improves the accuracy of measurement result.Additionally, the light absorptive of material is determined by the character of material, the material of sample cell is different, and the wavelength of its optical signal that can absorb is also different；Owing in the present invention, the wavelength of the optical signal of light source generation is corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured, it is also possible to weaken sample cell itself and the scattering of optical signal, refraction etc. are acted on, reduce its impact on measurement result accuracy.Therefore, at the light signal strength I determining that light source produces0With during from the light signal strength I of sample cell outgoing, it is possible to remove, by arranging blank, the error that measurement result is caused by sample cell 3 equipment such as grade.
Sulfur hexafluoride SF6Firsts and seconds analyte, such as SO2、H2S、CO2And CH4Deng gas, human body and environment had very big hazardness.The purpose of the present invention is intended to detection SF6Analyte composition and its analyte in SO2、H2S、CO2And CH4Concentration Deng gas.Equipped with SO in the sample cell 3 of the present invention2、H2S、CO2、CH4In four kinds of gases any one or its combination.In order to detect gas componant in sample cell 3 and SO in sample cell2、H2S、CO2And CH4Concentration, light source 1 is 2.3 μm～2.8 μm continuously adjustabe monochromatic sources, according to reality measure needs, it is possible to regulate light source make it produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured.
Before carrying out gas componant and measurement of concetration, it is possible to regulate light source 1 according to the absworption peak of the gas to be measured intending detection, light source 1 is made to produce the optical signal of correspondence.Such as: to whether detection sample cell 3 contains SO2, and SO2Concentration, due to SO2Absworption peak be 2.76 μm, therefore can regulate light source 1 and make it produce 2.76 μm of optical signals；Getting rid of or ignoring under the scattering of sample cell 3 and the premise of refraction action, when the intensity of 2.76 μm of optical signals does not change before and after sample cell 3, illustrate sample cell 3 does not contain SO2Gas；When the intensity of 2.76 μm of optical signals reduces before and after sample cell 3, illustrate in sample cell 3 containing SO2Gas, and；The intensity of 2.76 μm of optical signals attenuation before and after sample cell 3 is more big, it was shown that SO in sample cell 32The concentration of gas is more big, namely can determine that SO in sample cell 3 according to Beer law2The concentration of gas.
If equipped with mixing gas in sample cell 3, equipped with SO in such as sample cell 32、H2S、CO2、CH4In four kinds of gases any two kinds, three kinds or four kinds, in order to detect composition and the concentration of every kind of gas in sample cell 3, it is possible to first makes light source 1 produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of a certain gas to be measured intending detection according to the method described above；After treating this kind of gas detecting, light source 1 is made to produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of the gas to be measured of remaining each plan detection according to the method described above successively.Such as, in order to detect in sample cell 3 whether contain SO2And SO2Concentration, whether contain H2S and H2The concentration of S, is detecting SO according to the method described above2After, power supply 1 can be adjusted so that it is produce 2.67 μm of optical signals, get rid of or ignoring under the scattering of sample cell 3 and the premise of refraction action, when the intensity of 2.67 μm of optical signals does not change before and after sample cell 3, illustrate sample cell 3 does not contain H2S gas；When the intensity of 2.67 μm of optical signals reduces before and after sample cell 3, illustrate in sample cell 3 containing H2S gas, and；The intensity of 2.67 μm of optical signals attenuation before and after sample cell 3 is more big, it was shown that H in sample cell 32The concentration of S gas is more big, namely can determine that H in sample cell 3 according to Beer law2The concentration of S gas.
Due to SO2Absworption peak be 2.76 μm, H2The absworption peak of S is 2.67 μm, CO2Absworption peak be 2.704 μm, CH4Absworption peak be 2.37 μm, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, light source 1 produce optical signal include: with SO22.76 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and H22.67 μm of optical signals that the absworption peak of S is corresponding and CO22.704 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and CH42.37 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak.
The nonlinear crystal temperature of light source 1 is different, and the wavelength of the optical signal of generation is also different, can the wavelength of optical signal that produces of tuning source by regulating the temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, make light source 1 produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured to include:
Mapping relations between wavelength and the light source crystal temperature effect of the absworption peak inquiry optical signal according to gas to be measured, it is determined that the light source crystal temperature effect corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured；
The temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source 1 is regulated to described light source crystal temperature effect, makes light source 1 produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured.
It is monochromatic situation that Beer law is only applicable to optical signal, when the optical signal that light source 1 sends comprises other veiling glares near this wavelength of optical signal, dispersion element light splitting ability due to equipment, this veiling glare will cause deviateing between Beer law and practical situation, and then affect the accuracy of measurement result.In order to reduce the veiling glare impact on measurement result as far as possible, it is ensured that the optical signal that light source produces overlaps with the maximum absorption band of gas to be measured, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the live width of the optical signal that light source 1 produces is accurate to pm magnitude.Pm in the present invention is writing a Chinese character in simplified form of PerMillion, namely 1/1000000th.
In order to improve the collimating lens 2 transmitance to the optical signal that light source produces, reducing the collimating lens 2 impact on measurement result, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plane of incidence of collimating lens 2 and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.
In actual measurement process, owing to the light transmittance of sample cell 3 does not often reach 100%, even if sample cell 3 does not contain any gas with light absorptive, the optical signal that light source 1 produces when sample cell 3 also due to the effects such as the light of sample cell 3 itself absorbs, reflection and refraction and decay.Additionally, optical signal is also susceptible to certain decay in optic path process.Therefore, if determining the photon absorbing intensity of gas to be measured sample cell 3 according to the light signal strength of light source generation with the difference of the light signal strength from sample cell outgoing, can cause that the result that actual measurement obtains is higher, reducing the accuracy of measurement result.In order to improve the sample cell 3 transmitance to the optical signal that light source produces, reducing the sample cell 3 impact on measurement result, the plane of incidence of sample cell 3 and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.Preferably, the diameter of collecting lens 4 is 30.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can reconcile the wavelength of the optical signal that light source produces according to the maximum absorption band of gas to be measured, it is achieved to the multiple gas measurement with different absworption peak.
Although with reference to illustrative embodiments, invention has been described, it is to be understood that, the invention is not limited in the detailed description of the invention being described in detail in literary composition and illustrating, when not necessarily departing from claims limited range, described illustrative embodiments can be made various change by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. a gas componant and concentration measuring method, it is characterised in that including: for the gas to be measured of any one in sample cell:
S1, making light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured, after the collimated collimated process of described optical signal, vertical irradiation is to the incident light plane of sample cell；
S2, utilize collecting lens to collect from the optical signal of sample cell outgoing, be amplified processing, being then passed to detector to the optical signal collected by preamplifier；
S3, by detector, the optical signal after processing and amplifying is changed into analog electrical signal, analog electrical signal is converted to digital signal by data collecting card, then the digital signal after conversion is passed to computer system carries out data sampling and processing and display；Wherein,
Light source is 2.3 μm～2.8 μm continuously adjustabe monochromatic sources, can the wavelength of optical signal that produces of tuning source by regulating the temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source；
Equipped with SO in sample cell2、H2S、CO2、CH4In four kinds of gases any one or its combination.
2. gas componant as claimed in claim 1 and concentration measuring method, wherein, carries out data sampling and processing and includes in step S3:
Obtain the light signal strength I of sample cell thickness L, light source generation0With the light signal strength I from sample cell outgoing；
The concentration of gas to be measured is determined according to following relational expression；If I=I0, or the concentration of gas to be measured determined according to following relational expression be zero, then show in sample cell without there being described gas to be measured:
I=I0×exp(-α(v)×c×L)
In formula, α (v) is the absorptance of gas to be measured, and unit is: cm-1；C is the volume fraction of gas to be measured in sample cell, and unit is: %.
3. gas componant as claimed in claim 2 and concentration measuring method, wherein, the optical signal that light source produces includes: with SO22.76 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and H22.67 μm of optical signals that the absworption peak of S is corresponding and CO22.704 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak and CH42.37 μm of optical signals corresponding to absworption peak.
4. gas componant as claimed in claim 3 and concentration measuring method, wherein, makes light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured and includes:
Mapping relations between wavelength and the light source crystal temperature effect of the absworption peak inquiry optical signal according to gas to be measured, it is determined that the light source crystal temperature effect corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured；
The temperature of nonlinear crystal in light source is regulated to described light source crystal temperature effect, makes light source produce the optical signal corresponding with the absworption peak of gas to be measured.
5. gas componant as claimed in claim 4 and concentration measuring method, wherein, the live width of described optical signal is accurate to pm magnitude.
6. gas concentration measuring method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the plane of incidence of collimating lens and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.
7. gas componant as claimed in claim 6 and concentration measuring method, wherein, the plane of incidence of sample cell and exit facet are all coated with the high transmittance film of 2.3 μm～2.8 μm.
8. gas componant as claimed in claim 7 and concentration measuring method, wherein, the diameter of collecting lens is 30.
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| CN106885785A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-23 | 黑龙江工程学院 | The device and method of sulfur dioxide concentration in measurement sulfur hexafluoride decomposition gas |
| CN107764766A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-06 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | A kind of chilled aquatic products escaping gas analyzer |
| CN108548787A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 黑龙江工程学院 | A kind of method that spectrometer accurately measures sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration |
| CN108827912A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-11-16 | 黑龙江工程学院 | A kind of method of synchronous precise measurement multiple gases concentration |
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| CN108548787A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 黑龙江工程学院 | A kind of method that spectrometer accurately measures sulfureted hydrogen gas concentration |
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Application publication date: 20160629 |