CN105716755B - A kind of sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometers - Google Patents
A kind of sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105716755B CN105716755B CN201610049541.2A CN201610049541A CN105716755B CN 105716755 B CN105716755 B CN 105716755B CN 201610049541 A CN201610049541 A CN 201610049541A CN 105716755 B CN105716755 B CN 105716755B
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt Sagnac interferometers, characteristic is, wideband light source 1 launches laser beam and enters coupler 3 by optoisolator 2；Light wave is divided into the wave that two beams transmit in opposite direction by coupler, wherein the light of transmission passes through the first Polarization Controller 4, reference optical fiber 5, single mode optical fiber 6, the second Polarization Controller 7 and the sensor fibre 8 in loop respectively clockwise；And the light counterclockwise transmitted passes through sensor fibre 8, the second Polarization Controller 7, single mode optical fiber 6, reference optical fiber 5 and the first Polarization Controller 4 respectively；Reference optical fiber differs 10% with the length of sensor fibre；Two-beam arrives again at the relevant output of coupler 3 after loop, and output light carries out subsequent analysis after the reception of spectroanalysis instrument 9.The novel interferometer structure of the present invention generates cursor effect using the different high birefringence optical fiber (reference optical fiber 5 and sensor fibre 8) of two segment length, can effectively improve measurement accuracy；Its is simple in structure, is easy to make, at low cost, has potential application in terms of high-precision physical quantity sensing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a kind of spirit based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometer structures
Sensitivity enhanced sensor.
Background technology
With the development of optical fiber technology, optical fiber Sagnac interferometers are more next in the effect of fiber optic communication and sensory field of optic fibre
It is more important.Optical fiber Sagnac interferometers have it is simple in structure, it is highly reliable, the advantages that electromagnetism interference, precision is high, exist in recent years
Sensory field of optic fibre has a wide range of applications.Had widely in various physical quantities based on the fibre optical sensor of interference technique
Using, including pressure, stress, temperature, electric current and distortion sensing etc..Its primary structure includes MZ interferometers, Michelson interference
Instrument and Sagnac interferometers.Fibre optical sensor based on interference technique, sensing arrangement is more flexible, high sensitivity, is sensor
An important research direction.
One section of high birefringence optical fiber is placed in constitute in Sagnac rings and is based on high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac interferometers, the knot
Structure can carry out Application in Sensing.Also have much about the light sensor based on high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac rings both at home and abroad at present
Research and report.It is used for temperature sensing, Delarosa in Starodumov in 1977 et al. will near infrared spectrum
It is used for temperature sensing, it is used for stress sensing by the same year Campbell etc..Occur within 2004 being based on polarization-maintaining photonic crystal light
Fine Sagnac interferometer sensors, the sensor for temperature of this structure are insensitive；Da-Peng Zhou in 2008 et al. are proposed
It is added after being connected with high birefringence optical fiber with optical fiber Bragg in Sagnac rings come while distinguishing temperature and strain.Above base
It is influenced to be substantially improved again by structure in the transducer sensitivity of Sagnac rings.
Invention content
In view of the above deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometer spirits
Sensitivity enhanced sensor structure makes it the sensitivity for greatly improving sensing physical quantity, it is by technical solution below
It realizes：
Sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometers：Wideband light source 1 launches laser beam process
Optoisolator 2 enters coupler 3；Light wave is divided into the wave that two beams transmit in opposite direction by coupler, wherein passing clockwise
Defeated light passes through the first Polarization Controller 4, reference optical fiber 5, single mode optical fiber 6, the second Polarization Controller 7 and the biography in loop respectively
Photosensitive fine 8；And the light counterclockwise transmitted passes through sensor fibre 8, the second Polarization Controller 7, single mode optical fiber 6, reference respectively
Optical fiber 5 and the first Polarization Controller 4；Reference optical fiber differs 10% with the length of sensor fibre；Two-beam after loop again
The relevant output of coupler 3 is reached, output light carries out subsequent analysis after the reception of spectroanalysis instrument 9.
The key component of the present invention is Loyt-Sagnac rings, is one and is differed by coupler, two PC and two segment length
10% high birefringence optical fiber composition.The light that wideband light source is sent out enters coupler through optoisolator, and light wave is divided by coupler
The wave that two beams transmit in opposite direction arrives again at coupling by Polarization Controller in loop and high birefringence optical fiber respectively
Device, be concerned with output.For conventional single-stage high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac rings, the free spectral range (fsr) of output spectrum is：
Fsr=λ2/BL
Wherein B and L is respectively birefringence and the length of high birefringence optical fiber, and λ is operation wavelength.Loyt-Sagnac rings
The envelope period of output spectrum is：
Wherein fsrsensorAnd fsrreferenceThe respectively corresponding free spectrum width of sensor fibre and reference optical fiber.It is extraneous
Physical quantity (temperature, stress etc.) variation will cause the peak wavelength of the spectral envelope of Loyt-Sagnac interferometer sensors to drift about.
Under the same terms, wavelength shift increases a fsr compared to single hop high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac sensorsreference/
|fsrsensor-fsrreference| the factor, i.e. sensitivity improve fsrreference/|fsrsensor-fsrreference| times.
The high birefringence optical fiber (reference optical fiber and sensor fibre) of two segment length difference 10% will produce cursor effect, they
The graduated scale of two different cycles of corresponding cursor effect.Wherein reference optical fiber is equivalent to the scale inside vernier caliper, sensing
Optical fiber corresponds to the vernier inside vernier caliper.It can be realized to a variety of physical quantitys (temperature, stress, pressure etc.) using cursor effect
High-acruracy survey
Further, in Loyt-Sagnac rings-a single-mode fiber 6 on apply a twist angle, can be changed sensing
Thus the fringe visibility of device output spectrum can realize the sensing to distortion.
Structure using the present invention, one section of high birefringence optical fiber of increase is set in ring on the basis of common Sagnac rings
Meter makes Loyt-Sagnac interferometer structures, is optimized to the length of beam incident angle and high birefringence optical fiber, utilizes
The cursor effect of Loyt-Sagnac interferometer structures greatly improves the sensitivity of sensing physical quantity, it can be achieved that surveyed physical quantity
High-acruracy survey, it is simple in structure, at low cost, be easily achieved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometer sensitivity enhanced sensors.
Fig. 2 is the spectrogram that Loyt-Sagnac interferometer sensors export at different temperatures.
Fig. 3 is the temperature of Loyt-Sagnac interferometer sensors and conventional single-stage high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac ring sensors
Spend response curve comparison.Wherein Fig. 3 a are the response curve of single hop Sagnac ring interferometer temperature sensors, and Fig. 3 b are the present invention
Use the response curve of the temperature sensor of Loyt-Sagnac interferometers.
Fig. 4 is curve of the Loyt-Sagnac interferometer sensors under different twist angles after output spectrum FFT transform.
Fig. 5 is that the distortion of inventive sensor responds.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the installation drawing of the sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometers, and wideband light source 1 emits
Go out laser beam, wideband light source bandwidth is 60nm used in experiment, and light enters coupler 3 by optoisolator 2, and coupler will
Light wave is divided into the wave that two beams transmit in opposite direction, wherein the light of transmission passes through the first polarization in loop respectively clockwise
Controller 4, reference optical fiber 5, single mode optical fiber 6, the second Polarization Controller 7 and sensor fibre 8, and the light point counterclockwise transmitted
Not Jing Guo sensor fibre 8, the second Polarization Controller 7, single mode optical fiber 6, reference optical fiber 5 and the first Polarization Controller 4, two-beam warp
The relevant output of coupler 3 is arrived again at after crossing loop, output light is analyzed after being received by spectroanalysis instrument 9.
Main innovation point of the present invention is to propose a kind of sensor of Loyt-Sagnac interferometer structures, to Loyt-
The length of two sections of high birefringence optical fibers (reference optical fiber 5 and sensor fibre 8) in Sagnac rings optimizes, and improves this
Sensitivity when structure is used as sensor.The transfer function of the structure is：
WhereinWithPhase change caused by high birefringence optical fiber for light by two sections of different lengths.θ1、θ2And θ3For
Equivalent angle between incident light and emergent light and polarization axle.
In practical operation, the high birefringence optical fiber of 2m is reference optical fiber, and each physical quantity of environment where keeping it is not
Become；This double refraction optical fiber of height of 2.2m are sensor fibre, when some physical quantitys (temperature, stress, pressure) of its local environment become
When change, the birefringence of high birefringence optical fiber can change Δ B, at this time phase difference caused by sensor fibreIt is represented by：
Wherein B is the birefringence of high birefringence optical fiber, and L is the length of high birefringence optical fiber, and λ is operation wavelength.Change
The drift of output spectrum peak wavelength will be caused by changing, and the sensing to changing physical quantity is realized according to the drift value of wavelength.
Sensor output spectrum when Fig. 2 show the sensor fibre local environment temperature change in Solc-Sagnac rings.It is real
It can be found that the raising with temperature, the peak wavelength of output spectrum are drifted about to shortwave length direction in testing.Fig. 3 is that temperature-responsive is bent
Line, conventional single-stage high birefringence optical fiber Sagnac ring interferometer temperature sensor sensitivity is -1.46nm/ DEG C, and uses Loyt-
The temperature sensing sensitivity of Sagnac interferometers has been increased to -17.99nm/ DEG C.
The single mode optical fiber 6 that one section of length between Loyt-Sagnac ring internal references optical fiber 5 and sensor fibre 8 is 32.5cm
One twist angle of upper application will change the θ in sensor output expression formula2Value, the change of this value can influence entire output light
The fringe visibility of spectrum, as shown in Figure 4.It is as shown in Figure 5 that it distorts response.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of sensitivity enhanced sensor based on Loyt-Sagnac interferometers, which is characterized in that wideband light source (1) is sent out
It projects laser beam and enters coupler (3) by optoisolator (2)；Light wave is divided into what two beams transmitted in opposite direction by coupler
Wave, wherein the light of transmission passes through the first Polarization Controller (4) in loop, reference optical fiber (5), single-mode optics respectively clockwise
Fine (6), the second Polarization Controller (7) and sensor fibre (8)；And counterclockwise the light that transmits pass through respectively sensor fibre (8),
Second Polarization Controller (7), single mode optical fiber (6), reference optical fiber (5) and the first Polarization Controller (4)；Reference optical fiber (5) and biography
Photosensitive fibre (8) is the high birefringence optical fiber of same type, length difference 10%；Two-beam arrives again at coupling after loop
The relevant output of device (3), output light carry out subsequent analysis after spectroanalysis instrument (9) reception；Single mode in Loyt-Sagnac rings
Apply a twist angle on optical fiber (6), the fringe visibility of sensor output spectrum can be changed, and then realize the biography to distortion
Sense.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107830947B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-09-07 | 黑龙江工程学院 | One kind is based on Sagnac rings and the concatenated spectrographic detection temperature sensor of FP chambers |
| CN109342327A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-15 | 东北大学 | Novel micro nanometer high birefringence Sagnac optical fiber biosensor |
| CN110243511B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-01-04 | 暨南大学 | High-sensitivity optical fiber Fabry-Perot stress sensor and sensing method thereof |
| CN110558957B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-11-01 | 武汉凯锐普医疗科技有限公司 | Vital sign monitoring device and method |
| CN112666503A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | Parallel double-M-Z optical fiber magnetic sensing device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112816096A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Cascade interferometer optical fiber temperature sensor based on vernier effect |
| CN113686460B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2024-01-23 | 广东工业大学 | Fiber bragg grating temperature sensor and sensing device based on vernier effect |
| CN113074830B (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-12-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Optical fiber temperature sensor and sensing head structure |
| CN113091603A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 深圳大学 | Interference device with adjustable free spectral range |
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| CN102410990A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-04-11 | 暨南大学 | High-sensitivity micro-nano optical fiber refractive index sensor and preparation method thereof |
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| KR101130344B1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-03-26 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus and method of distributed fiber sensor using Brillouin optical time domain analysis based on Brillouin dynamic grating |
| CN101852656B (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2012-04-25 | 中国计量学院 | Temperature sensor based on partially-perfused HiBi-PCF-FLM (Highly Birefringent-Photonic Crystal Fiber-Fiber Loop Mirror) |
| CN102183318B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-01-09 | 上海交通大学 | Two-in-parallel high birefringence optical fiber sagnac interference ring multi-parameter sensor |
| CN103134627B (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-04-15 | 中国计量学院 | Temperature insensitive stress sensor based on low birefringence polarization maintaining fiber loop mirror (PM-FLM) |
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