CN105716386A - Vacuum freeze drying method and vacuum freeze drying machine - Google Patents

Vacuum freeze drying method and vacuum freeze drying machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105716386A
CN105716386A CN201610183156.7A CN201610183156A CN105716386A CN 105716386 A CN105716386 A CN 105716386A CN 201610183156 A CN201610183156 A CN 201610183156A CN 105716386 A CN105716386 A CN 105716386A
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China
Prior art keywords
vacuum
fruit
drying machine
vegerable
tank body
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CN201610183156.7A
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CN105716386B (en
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李所彬
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Freezing Development In Science And Technology Co Ltd Of Lay Visitor Is Won In Jiangsu
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Freezing Development In Science And Technology Co Ltd Of Lay Visitor Is Won In Jiangsu
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/06Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum freezing crushing drying method. The vacuum freezing crushing drying method comprises the following steps of the first step, cleaning fruits and vegetables, which need to be made into freeze-dried powder, processing the cleaned fruits and the cleaned vegetables into fruit dices and vegetable dices, and filtering and draining water; the second step, putting the fruit dices and the vegetable dices in a drier tank; the third step, performing refrigeration on the inner part of the drier tank to enable the internal temperature of the drier tank to be reduced to 50-60 DEG C, and then opening a pulverizer in the drier tank for smashing the fruit dices and the vegetable dices; the fourth step, opening a vacuum pump to enable the degree of vacuum in the drier tank to be controlled to 100Pa or below, and maintain the condition that the degree of vacuum in the drier tank is controlled to 100Pa or below for 30min or long; the fifth step, heating the drier tank, and controlling the tank temperature to 45 DEG C, wherein the drying time is 6 hours; and the sixth step, stopping equipment operation, taking out the fruit and vegetable powder, and performing warehousing. According to the vacuum freezing crushing drying method disclosed by the invention, the functions of freezing, drying and smashing are integrated, and the whole process that the raw materials are made into finished products is completed in the same equipment, so that the production flow in simplified, the quality is controllable, and the hygiene is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of vacuum freeze-drying method and vacuum freeze drier
Technical field
The present invention relates to lyophilization field, particularly a kind of vacuum freeze-drying method and vacuum lyophilization Machine.
Background technology
Freezing when traditional fruit vegetable powder produces, pulverizing, drying steps are separately to be carried out by different devices, Fruit and vegerable are placed on Standard pallet vacuum freeze drier when being dried, and the top exposed surface rate of drying of fruit and vegerable is faster than Bottom, slowly and drying uniformity is inconsistent to easily cause rate of drying, and by traditional pallet lyophilization Produced powder, it is desirable to this product is mechanically: pulverize, cut, in the mechanical processing process such as grinding The reduction of particle diameter, has conclusive harm to cellularity, additionally, the produced friction of mechanical lapping Powder may be made to heat, and therefore conventional process flow is long, and product quality difficulty controls, and health aspect exists hidden Suffer from.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide that a kind of technological process is short, product quality is excellent, a kind of vacuum of health is cold Lyophilizing drying method and vacuum freeze drier.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is as follows:
A kind of vacuum freezing pulverizes drying means, comprises the following steps:
The first step, cleans the fruit and vegerable needing to produce lyophilized powder and garden stuff processing becomes each individuality less than 1cm3's Fruit and vegerable fritter, is filtered dry the moisture on fruit and vegerable fritter surface;
Second step, puts into fruit and vegerable fritter in dryer cans body;
3rd step, freezes to drying machine tank interior, makes drying machine tank interior temperature be reduced to-50 DEG C Between-60 DEG C, fruit and vegerable fritter pulverized by the pulverizer being then turned in dryer cans body;
4th step, opens vacuum pump, makes the vacuum degree control in dryer cans body and maintain within 100Pa More than 30min;
5th step, heats drying machine tank body, controls pot temperature and is 40-50 DEG C, and drying time is 5-7 hour;
6th step, closes hull closure and runs and take out fruit vegetable powder warehouse-in from the discharging opening of drying machine tank body.
The method have the advantages that
1, add the surface area of exposure after raw material pulverizing, thus cause supper-fast and more consistent being dried.
2, it is dried and pulverizing occurs in same step, complete whole process at a unit.Raw material is entered, Out a finished powder the finest, eliminates multiple processing procedure, decreases the risk of pollution.
3, present invention achieves faster, generation low moisture content powder more consistent, more effective, eliminate micro- The moisture of biological growth and enzymatic degradation product makes fruit vegetable powder preferably to preserve.
4, fruit and vegerable can be easier to pulverize by embrittlement when low temperature, and low-temperature grinding preferably keeps the battalion of material Form point, be a natural result, it is achieved without hemorrhage, it is to avoid heat on a cellular level or damage product.
5, the present invention realizes dynamic lyophilization, naturally enough produces the granule being easier to be absorbed by, and granule has There is natural loose structure, add the surface area of per unit weight product.
The present invention by freezing, be dried, crushing function be integrated in one, raw material puts into finished product in same equipment Completing, simplify production procedure, quality controllable, health is guaranteed.
Preferably, in order to ensure the crushing effect of fruit and vegerable fritter, in second step, the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter does not surpasses Cross and be dried 1/2nd of machine jar body total measurement (volume).
Preferably, in order to optimize the crushing effect of fruit and vegerable fritter, in second step, the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter is dry / 3rd of dry machine jar body total measurement (volume).
Preferably, in order to optimize the crushing effect of fruit and vegerable fritter, preferably keep the nutritional labeling of fruit and vegerable, the In three steps, first filling liquid carbon dioxide in dryer cans body, after filling, carbon dioxide is from ventilation At valve, evaporation is discharged, and is freezed tank body by the evaporation endothermic of liquid carbon dioxide, controls breather valve At Men, the velocity of discharge of carbon dioxide makes dryer cans body temperature be maintained between-50 DEG C to-60 DEG C, then The pulverizer started in dryer cans body carries out crushing operation to fruit and vegerable, and the complete follow-up continued powder of CO2 emission is broken 30min, is then shut off pulverizer.
Preferably, in order to optimize the crushing effect of pulverizer, in the 3rd step, the rotating speed of pulverizer controls 2500rpm-3000rpm。
Preferably, it is ensured that the crushing effect of fruit and vegerable, when freezing and pulverize, temperature is maintained at-55 DEG C.
Preferably, the present invention also provides for a kind of vacuum freeze drier realizing above-mentioned vacuum freeze-drying method, Including drying machine tank body, vacuum pump and be arranged on the pulverizer in dryer cans body, described drying machine tank body Being provided with charging aperture, discharging opening, gas valve, vacuum valve and heater, described vacuum valve is with true Empty pump connects.
Use after said structure, fruit and vegerable realizes in drying machine tank body freezing, pulverize, a dry step completes, Simplifying production procedure, quality controllable, health is guaranteed.
Preferably, the fruit and vegerable fritter in breaking drier tank body for convenience, described pulverizer includes and is dried Rotary shaft that machine jar body is rotationally connected, for drive rotary shaft driving means and fixing on the rotating shaft Blade, described rotary shaft one end is stretched in dryer cans body, and the other end stretches out drying machine tank body and fills with driving Putting and be in transmission connection, described blade is fixed on rotary shaft and stretches into the one end in dryer cans body.
Preferably, being thermally dried drying machine tank body for convenience, described heater includes that heating follows Ring pump and be arranged on the heating coil on drying machine tank body, described heat cycles pump is connected with heating coil.
Gap control preferably, in order to ensure the crushing effect of fruit and vegerable, between described blade and drying machine tank body System is between 3-8mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further detailed explanation with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1 is drying machine tank body, 2 is vacuum pump, and 3 is charging aperture, and 4 is discharging opening, and 5 is breather valve Door, 6 is vacuum valve, and 7 is rotary shaft, and 8 is driving means, and 9 is blade, and 10 is heat cycles pump, 11 is heating coil.
Detailed description of the invention
One vacuum freeze-drying method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The first step, cleans the fruit and vegerable needing to produce lyophilized powder and garden stuff processing becomes each individuality less than 1cm3's Fruit and vegerable fritter, is filtered dry the moisture on fruit and vegerable fritter surface;
Second step, puts into fruit and vegerable fritter in dryer cans body, and the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter is less than drying machine / 2nd of tank body total measurement (volume);
3rd step, freezes to drying machine tank interior, fills liquid carbon dioxide in dryer cans body, After filling, carbon dioxide evaporates discharge at gas valve, by the evaporation endothermic of liquid carbon dioxide Tank body is freezed, controls the velocity of discharge of carbon dioxide at gas valve and make dryer cans body temperature protect Holding between-50 DEG C to-60 DEG C, the pulverizer then started in dryer cans body carries out crushing operation to fruit and vegerable, Pulverizer rotating speed controls at 2500rpm-3000rpm, the CO2 emission broken 30min of complete follow-up continued powder, then Close pulverizer;
4th step, opens vacuum pump, makes the vacuum degree control in dryer cans body and maintain within 100Pa More than 30min;
5th step, heats drying machine tank body, and controlling pot temperature is 45 DEG C, and drying time is 6 little Time;
6th step, closes hull closure and runs and take out fruit vegetable powder warehouse-in from the discharging opening of drying machine tank body.
Preferably, in second step the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter be drying machine tank body total measurement (volume) three/ One, in the 3rd step, when freezing and pulverize, temperature is maintained at-55 DEG C.
The liquid carbon dioxide filled in 3rd step can be 25Kg-40Kg, below for an embodiment with explanation.
Counting with the total measurement (volume) of drying machine tank body for 500L, the amount of the liquid carbon dioxide filled is 250L, quality For 30KG, now temperature is 0-5 DEG C.
Above-described embodiment is made in the drying machine tank body of 500L and dryer cans body simply by test of many times The requirement of cold temperature and the preferred version taked, except embodiment provided above, according to drying machine tank body size Quantity different, input fruit and vegerable are different, and the amount of the liquid carbon dioxide used can also be changed, liquid The temperature that can reduce in what state carbon dioxide was affected is dryer cans body and the time maintaining low temperature, root Can select to fill the liquid carbon dioxide of different amounts according to the difference of temperature and duration requirement, such as 25Kg, 28Kg, 30Kg, 33Kg, 40Kg, it might even be possible to be 10Kg or 45Kg.
As described in Figure 1, it is achieved the vacuum freeze drier of foregoing invention scheme includes drying machine tank body 1, vacuum Pump 2 and be arranged on the pulverizer in drying machine tank body 1, drying machine tank body 1 is provided with charging aperture 3, discharging opening 4, gas valve 5, vacuum valve 6 and heater, drying machine tank body 1 passes through vacuum valve 6 with true Empty pump 2 connects, and pulverizer includes the rotary shaft 7 being rotationally connected with drying machine tank body 1, for driving rotary shaft The driving means 8 of 7 and the blade 9 being fixed in rotary shaft 7, drying machine tank body is stretched in rotary shaft 7 one end In 1, the other end stretches out drying machine tank body 1 and is in transmission connection with driving means 8, and blade 9 is fixed on rotary shaft 7 stretch into the one end in drying machine tank body 1, and heater includes heat cycles pump 10 and is arranged on drying machine Heating coil 11 on tank body 1, heat cycles pump 10 is connected with heating coil 11.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the diameter of fruit and vegerable powder particle meets the requirements, blade 9 and dryer cans Clearance control between body 1 is between 3-8mm.
Driving means 8 can use motor.
Use after said structure, fruit and vegerable realizes in drying machine tank body freezing, pulverize, a dry step completes, Simplifying production procedure, quality controllable, health is guaranteed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
1, the vacuum freeze drier of band crushing function is owing to adding the surface area that fruit and vegerable expose after pulverizing, Thus cause supper-fast and more consistent being dried.
2, freezing, pulverize, be dried and occur in same device, technique settles at one go, eliminates multiple process Process, decreases the risk of pollution, improves the purity of product.
3, present invention achieves dynamic lyophilization, faster, more consistent, more effectively produce low moisture content Powder, eliminates growth of microorganism and the moisture of enzymatic degradation product so that fruit vegetable powder can preferably preserve.
4, when the present invention produces fruit vegetable powder, fruit and vegerable can be easier to pulverize by embrittlement when low temperature, and low temperature powder The nutritional labeling of broken more preferable holding material, be a natural result, it is achieved without hemorrhage, it is to avoid at cell Heat in level or damage product.
5, the present invention realizes dynamic lyophilization, naturally enough produces the granule being easier to be absorbed by, and granule has There is natural loose structure, add the surface area of per unit weight product.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, all The equivalent structure utilizing description of the invention and accompanying drawing content to be made or equivalence flow process conversion, or directly or Connect and be used in other relevant technical fields, be the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a vacuum freezing pulverizes drying means, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step, cleans the fruit and vegerable needing to produce lyophilized powder and garden stuff processing becomes each individuality less than 1cm3 Fruit and vegerable fritter, be filtered dry the moisture on fruit and vegerable fritter surface;
Second step, puts into fruit and vegerable fritter in dryer cans body;
3rd step, freezes to drying machine tank interior, makes drying machine tank interior temperature be reduced to Between-50 DEG C to-60 DEG C, fruit and vegerable fritter pulverized by the pulverizer being then turned in dryer cans body;
4th step, opens vacuum pump, makes the vacuum degree control in dryer cans body and tie up within 100Pa Hold more than 30min;
5th step, heats drying machine tank body, controls pot temperature and is 40-50 DEG C, and drying time is 5-7 hour;
6th step, closes hull closure and runs and take out fruit vegetable powder warehouse-in from the discharging opening of drying machine tank body.
A kind of vacuum freezing the most according to claim 1 pulverizes drying means, it is characterised in that: the In two steps, the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter is less than 1/2nd of drying machine tank body total measurement (volume).
3. want a kind of vacuum freezing described in 2 to pulverize drying means according to right, it is characterised in that: second In step, the total measurement (volume) of fruit and vegerable fritter is 1/3rd of drying machine tank body total measurement (volume).
A kind of vacuum freezing the most according to claim 1 pulverizes drying means, it is characterised in that: the In three steps, first filling liquid carbon dioxide in dryer cans body, after filling, carbon dioxide is from logical At air valve, evaporation is discharged, and is freezed tank body by the evaporation endothermic of liquid carbon dioxide, controls logical At air valve the velocity of discharge of carbon dioxide make dryer cans body temperature be maintained at-50 DEG C to-60 DEG C it Between, the pulverizer then started in dryer cans body carries out crushing operation to fruit and vegerable, and CO2 emission is complete The broken 30min of follow-up continued powder, is then shut off pulverizer.
A kind of vacuum freezing the most according to claim 4 pulverizes drying means, it is characterised in that: the In three steps, the rotating speed of pulverizer controls at 2500rpm-3000rpm.
A kind of vacuum freezing the most according to claim 4 pulverizes drying means, it is characterised in that: system Cold and pulverize time temperature be maintained at-55 DEG C.
7. the vacuum freezing pulverizing drying means for realizing vacuum freezing as claimed in claim 1 Drying machine, it is characterised in that: include drying machine tank body, vacuum pump and be arranged in dryer cans body Pulverizer, described drying machine tank body is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening, gas valve, vacuum valve and adds Thermal, described vacuum valve is connected with vacuum pump.
Vacuum freeze drier the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described pulverizer bag Include be rotationally connected with drying machine tank body rotary shaft, for driving the driving means of rotary shaft and being fixed on Blade in rotary shaft, described rotary shaft one end stretches in dryer cans body, and the other end stretches out dryer cans Body is also in transmission connection with driving means, and described blade is fixed on rotary shaft and stretches into the one end in dryer cans body.
Vacuum freeze drier the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described heater Including heat cycles pump and be arranged on the heating coil on drying machine tank body, described heat cycles pump with add Hot coil connects.
10. according to the vacuum freeze drier described in claim 7 to 9 any one, it is characterised in that: Clearance control between described blade and drying machine tank body is between 3-8mm.
CN201610183156.7A 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 A kind of vacuum freeze-drying method and vacuum freeze drier Active CN105716386B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106288666A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-01-04 扬州大学 Carbon dioxide trap microwave vacuum drying device and drying means
CN107166881A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-09-15 南京晶云化工有限公司 A kind of preparation method of decoction freeze-drier and lentinan for injection
CN113865276A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-12-31 北京理工大学珠海学院 Keratinocyte growth factor drying device

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CN202078935U (en) * 2011-04-25 2011-12-21 烟台良荣机械精业有限公司 Anti-blocking soy sauce mash crusher
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CN105053873A (en) * 2015-07-03 2015-11-18 广州汇圣森丰农业科技发展有限公司 Preparation method of black tomato freeze-dried powder

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106288666A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-01-04 扬州大学 Carbon dioxide trap microwave vacuum drying device and drying means
CN107166881A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-09-15 南京晶云化工有限公司 A kind of preparation method of decoction freeze-drier and lentinan for injection
CN113865276A (en) * 2021-10-08 2021-12-31 北京理工大学珠海学院 Keratinocyte growth factor drying device

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