CN105716119A - Lean direct injection low-emission combustor adopting effervescent atomizers - Google Patents

Lean direct injection low-emission combustor adopting effervescent atomizers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105716119A
CN105716119A CN201610165969.3A CN201610165969A CN105716119A CN 105716119 A CN105716119 A CN 105716119A CN 201610165969 A CN201610165969 A CN 201610165969A CN 105716119 A CN105716119 A CN 105716119A
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combustion
combustor
grade
effervescent atomizer
oil
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CN201610165969.3A
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CN105716119B (en
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张弛
王波
李宇航
林宇震
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
    • F23R3/18—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants
    • F23R3/20—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants incorporating fuel injection means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lean direct injection low-emission combustor adopting effervescent atomizers. A single-ring cavity structure is adopted in the combustor. The lean direct injection low-emission combustor comprises a diffuser, a combustor outer case, a combustor inner case, a flame tube outer wall, a flame tube inner wall and combustor heads. Fuel oil is atomized into liquid mist which is extremely thin and extremely uniform through the multiple effervescent atomizers, and the liquid mist is directly injected into the combustor for combustion. A staged combustion structure is adopted in the combustor. A sinking design is adopted in a center precombustion stage, and the flame stabilizing function is played; and the flame is stabilized depending on the precombustion stage for primary combustion stages of the periphery of the precombustion stage, and the primary combustion stages start to work according to the needs of the working conditions. The lean direct injection technology is adopted in the low-emission combustor, the fuel oil is injected into the combustor through the multiple effervescent atomizers, and the spatial distribution uniformity of the fuel oil is increased; and the fuel oil is injected through the special effervescent atomizers, and therefore the fuel oil has the good atomizing quality, fuel oil atomizing and mixing are facilitated, distribution uniformity of the fuel oil is further increased, and the combustor has the great potential in reducing pollution emission.

Description

A kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of aero-gas turbine, it is specifically related to a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer, this combustor adopts the pattern of fractional combustion, pre-combustion grade is at center, adopt the mode that diffusion combustion and premixed combustion combine, while ensureing combustor smooth combustion, reduce the disposal of pollutants under little operating mode；Main combustion stage is peripheral in pre-combustion grade, adopts the mode of premix and pre-evaporation burning, is mainly used in reducing the disposal of pollutants under big operating mode, takes off the disposal of pollutants that circulation (LandingandTake-off, LTO) circulates thus reducing the whole landing of aero-engine.
Background technology
The key property of modern aeroengine combustor and structure distribution have reached at a relatively high level, but for modern aeroengine combustor, yet suffer from a substantial amounts of difficult problem and challenge, new material, new technology, new construction, new ideas development and application be just to ensure that the source of its continuous advancement.
The Main Trends of The Development of modern civil engine combustor is combustion with reduced pollutants.Civil engine combustor must is fulfilled for the aero-engine emission standard of increasingly stringent.CAEP6 (CommitteeonAviationEnvironmentalProtection) standard adopted at present is very strict to the regulation of pollutant effulent, particularly to NOx emission requirement；And up-to-date CAEP8 standard proposes being emitted on NOx in the discharge standard of CAEP6 and reducing by 15%, along with the fast development of aircraft industry and improving constantly of people's environmental consciousness, gas-turbine combustion chamber disposal of pollutants can be proposed higher requirement by future.
Research set about by low pollution combustor by Liang Ge leading company GE and the PW of US Airways electromotor already, first GE have developed dicyclo chamber combustion with reduced pollutants DAC (for GE90 and CFM56), PW company have employed RQL (fuel-rich combustion-extinguishing-poor oil firing, Richburn-Quench-Leanburn, is called for short RQL) low pollution combustor TALONII (for PW4000 and 6000 series).In low pollution combustor of future generation, GE company adopts LDM (LeanDirectMixingCombustion, oil-poor direct hybrid combustor) technology to be TAPS (TwinAnnularPremixingSwirler) low pollution combustor of its GEnx reseach of engine.This combustor is in stand loopful verification experimental verification, and NOx disposal of pollutants reduces 50% than CAEP2 discharge standard.GE company has applied for multinomial United States Patent (USP): application number US6363726, US6389815, US6354072, US6418726, US01/078732, US6381964 and US6389815, all these patents are all that pre-combustion grade adopts diffusion combustion, main combustion stage to adopt the combustion method of premixed combustion, it is therefore an objective to reduce the NOx emission under the big operating mode that pollution index is maximum.It is TALONX that PW company continues to adopt RQL mode to propose the low pollution combustor reducing NOx disposal of pollutants, the head type adopted is the air atomizer spray nozzle of PW development of company, combustor is monocycle chamber, and the result of the test on V2500 electromotor fan test section reduces 50% than CAEP2 standard.Rolls-Royce company adopts the low pollution combustor of LDM technical development to be ANTLE, and this combustor is fractional combustion room, a monocycle chamber, and its NOx disposal of pollutants reduces 50% than CAEP2 standard, reaches 1000 for its a new generation's electromotor rapids.
CN200910238793.X also applied for by low pollution combustor by the BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics of China, CN201010101574.X, CN201010034141.7, the multinomial patent such as CN201010277014.X, the scheme adopted is that pre-combustion grade adopts diffusion combustion mode, main combustion stage adopts premixed combustion mode, main combustion stage is loop configuration, axially or radially fuel feeding, adopt multi-point injection or pre-film atomizing type, purpose is to reduce the NOx emission under big operating mode, so that the discharge of the NOx of whole LTO circulation is reduced, but the emission level difficulty reducing the NOx of whole LTO circulation further is bigger.
Above-described patent, it is both at big operating mode decline low pollution emission, and according to International Civil Aviation Organization (InternationalCivilAviationOrganization, ICAO) the emission index under the standard cycle specified, express this parameter with LTOEmission, be calculated as follows formula:
L T O E m i s s i o n ( g / k N ) = D p F o o = Σ i N EI m , i m · m f , i T m , i F o o
By above formula it can be seen that LTOEmission is relevant with the NOx discharge under four operating modes, namely both relevant with the NOx emission under big operating mode, also relevant with the NOx emission under little operating mode.
Operational mode in standard LTO circulation, the thrust under each operational mode and the time of operation, as shown in the table.
Operational mode in LTO that table 1ICAO specifies circulation and time
Operational mode Thrust is arranged The operation time (min)
Take off (Take-off) 100%Foo 0.7
Climb (Climb) 85%Foo 2.2
March into the arena (Approach) 30%Foo 4.0
Slide/ground idle speed (Taxi/ground idle) 7%Foo 26.0
The thrust of routine or active service is in the NOx emission such as following table of the CFM56-5B/3 electromotor of 140KN, and Data Source is in ICAOEmissiondatabank.
The level of NOx emission of table 2CFM56-5B/3
Combustor adopts fractional combustion, and pre-combustion grade is diffusion combustion mode, and main combustion stage is premixed combustion mode, reduces the NOx emission under big operating mode, it is possible to the NOx emission reached is as shown in the table:
Table 3 main combustion stage adopts the level of NOx emission that premixed combustion can reach
Parameter Unit Slow train March into the arena Climb Take off
NOx emission index (EI) g/(kgf) 4.45 9.28 4 4.1
Fuel flow kg/s 0.112 0.448 1.086 1.325
The operation time g 1560 240 132 42
Discharge capacity g/kN 777.5 997.8 594 228
Under little operating mode (ground idle speed, march into the arena), although NOx emission index is relatively low, it is significantly larger than other big operating modes according to the operation time under the known little operating mode of table 1, according to table 3, when main combustion stage adopts premixed combustion mode, the NOx emission index under big operating mode can be made to be greatly lowered, the proportion that now the NOx emission total amount of pre-combustion grade accounts in the whole LTO disposal of pollutants circulated is discharged is maximum, therefore the NOx emission reducing whole LTO circulation further is wanted, it is necessary to consider the NOx emission reducing pre-combustion grade.
Regardless of the low pollution combustor being which kind of advanced person, its key technology reduces NOx (nitrogen oxides), CO (carbon monoxide), UHC (unburned hydrocarbons) and the combustion technology smoldered exactly, key problem is to reduce the temperature of combustion zone, make combustion zone temperature field uniform simultaneously, namely overall and local equivalent proportion controls, and the uniformity of primary zone equivalent proportion depends primarily on fuel-oil atmozation and the uniformity of oil gas blending.
The present invention be directed to the new method of aero-engine combustion with reduced pollutants.According to NOx and the CO mechanism produced and result of the test: NOx and the CO (emission equivalent of UHC and CO is similar) that the primary zone equivalent proportion of combustor produces in 0.6～0.8 scope is little.Based on this principle, take into account NOx and CO, UHC discharge capacity all in low value scope, being considered as two factors: the average equivalent ratio in first primary zone, it two is the uniformity of primary zone average equivalent ratio, and all should be such under the working condition of all aero-engines.And the uniformity of primary zone equivalent proportion depends primarily on fuel-oil atmozation and the uniformity of oil gas blending.This depends primarily on two aspects: one is the uniformity of fuel particles diameter Distribution, i.e. the distributing homogeneity of SMD；Second it is the uniformity of fuel oil oil mist concentration distribution.From combustion system, uniform premixed combustion should be adopted, reach primary zone equivalent proportion uniformity requirement to reduce disposal of pollutants.
Current conventional combustion manner cannot reduce NOx, CO and UHC.The method for designing that reason is current combustion room determines.For conventional combustion room, when big state, owing to adopting liquid mist diffusion combustion mode, local, combustion zone equivalent proportion is always near 1, exceeding well over equivalence ratio range requirement needed for above-mentioned combustion with reduced pollutants, although now the discharge of CO and UHC is low, but the discharge of NOx reaches maximum.When little state, combustion zone equivalent proportion is very low again, interval far below equivalent proportion needed for above-mentioned combustion with reduced pollutants, although now NOx emission is low, but CO and UHC discharge is significantly high again.Further, since the commonly used diffusion combustion mode in conventional combustion room, local equivalent proportion is uneven, therefore for conventional combustion room, it is impossible to meet the low stain requirement in whole engine working range.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome prior art not enough, use oil-poor lean direct injection technology, provide a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer, fuel oil is atomized into superfine extremely uniform liquid mist by multiple effervescent atomizers, is injected directly into combustor and burns.Combustor adopts fractional combustion structure, and center pre-combustion grade adopts design, has stable flame interaction；The main combustion stage of pre-combustion grade periphery relies on pre-combustion grade to stablize flame, and main combustion stage needs to open work according to operating mode.The low pollution combustor of the present invention adopts oil-poor direct spraying technique, and fuel oil sprays into combustor by multiple nozzles, adds the uniformity of fuel space distribution；Adopt special effervescent atomizer to carry out fuel oil injection, make the atomization quality that fuel oil has had, be beneficial to fuel-oil atmozation and blending, further increase the uniformity of fuel distribution, make combustor have the potentiality of the disposal of pollutants that has substantial degradation.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer, this low pollution combustor adopts monocycle cavity configuration, is made up of casing, burner inner liner outer wall, burner inner liner inwall and head of combustion chamber in diffuser, outer combustion case, combustor；Combustion air is all entered burner inner liner by head of combustion chamber, and dilution air is injected by blending hole；Adopt fractional combustion scheme, it is divided into pre-combustion grade and main combustion stage, the fuel nozzle supply all fuel oils of combustor, main combustion stage is fixed with burner inner liner outer wall and burner inner liner inwall by head entirety end wall, head entirety flow deflector, pre-combustion grade and main combustion stage are integrated on head integration module, pre-combustion grade is at center, and multiple main combustion stage Discrete Distribution are outside pre-combustion grade.Described pre-combustion grade is made up of pre-combustion grade cyclone and pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer, and main combustion stage is made up of main combustion stage cyclone and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer.Pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer are made up of fuel oil connecting tube, effervescent atomizer outer wall, bubble tubule, fuel oil spray orifice.Fuel oil respectively enters pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer and the nozzle chamber of main combustion stage effervescent atomizer by fuel pipe and fuel oil connecting tube.Atomizing air is bleed before diffuser, is respectively enterd pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer and the nozzle chamber of main combustion stage effervescent atomizer by atomization gas pipeline and atomization gas connecting tube.Atomization gas and fuel oil are internally formed blister two-phase flow at pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer.Blister fluid sprays into combustor by fuel oil spray orifice, and bubble forms high-quality pre-combustion grade mist of oil and main combustion stage mist of oil due to the blast of nozzle external and internal pressure difference.Combustion air enters homogenous combustion after combustor, rotational flow air and mist of oil efficiently blend by pre-combustion grade cyclone and main combustion stage cyclone.Rotational flow air runner design becomes to receive expansion passage, can effectively prevent pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer area carbon.Pre-combustion grade is concave design on head integration module so that pre-combustion grade flame energy smooth combustion, plays the effect of incendiary source.
Further, the progression of the cyclone that described pre-combustion grade adopts is n, wherein 1≤n≤5；The structure of every grade of cyclone employing cyclone is axial swirler, or radial swirler, or tangential cyclones；As the progression n=1 of pre-combustion grade, cyclone is directly connected with head integration module；When the progression 1 of pre-combustion grade, < during n≤5, cyclones at different levels first connect into an entirety, then are connected with head integration module.
Further, the progression of the cyclone that described main combustion stage adopts is n, wherein 1≤n≤5；The structure of every grade of cyclone employing cyclone is axial swirler, or radial swirler, or tangential cyclones；As the progression n=1 of main combustion stage, cyclone is directly connected with head integration module；When the progression 1 of main combustion stage, < during n≤5, cyclones at different levels first connect into an entirety, then are connected with head integration module.
Further, described pre-combustion grade and main combustion stage all adopt pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer to realize fuel spraying, and its efficient and high-quality spraying can realize homogenous combustion, reduce disposal of pollutants, effervescent atomizer injection diameter is 0.5～4.0mm, can effectively prevent nozzle coking.
Further, the described whole fuel oils needed for fuel nozzle supply combustor, it is 50%～90% that main combustion stage fuel oil accounts for the ratio of total amount of fuel.
Further, described head of combustion chamber is circumferentially evenly arranged, and number is 10～60, and the air capacity of head of combustion chamber accounts for the 20%～80% of combustor total air, wherein main combustion stage accounts for the 60%～90% of head air capacity, and pre-combustion grade accounts for the 10%～40% of head air capacity.
Further, the burner inner liner outer wall of described combustor and the type of cooling of burner inner liner inwall adopt gaseous film control, disperse cooling or Compound cooling mode, so that wall surface temperature to be controlled extending the life-span of burner inner liner.
Further, described burner inner liner external rear wall is provided with burner inner liner outer wall blending hole, described burner inner liner back interior wall is provided with burner inner liner inwall blending hole, blending edema caused by disorder of QI does not enter burner inner liner from burner inner liner outer wall blending hole and burner inner liner inwall blending hole, to control combustor exit temperature distribution.
Principles of the invention is as follows: reduced the purpose of disposal of pollutants by the equivalent proportion and the uniformity controlling aeroengine combustor buring Indoor Combustion district.Combustion air all enters burner inner liner from head of combustion chamber, enters back into burner inner liner burning after making most fuel oil and air even blend, and to controlling, combustion zone equivalent proportion reduction disposal of pollutants is favourable.Fuel oil is atomized into superfine extremely uniform liquid mist by multiple effervescent atomizers, is injected directly into combustor and burns.Combustor adopts fractional combustion structure, and center pre-combustion grade adopts design, has stable flame interaction；The main combustion stage of pre-combustion grade periphery relies on pre-combustion grade to stablize flame, and main combustion stage needs to open work according to operating mode.The low pollution combustor of the present invention adopts oil-poor direct spraying technique, and fuel oil sprays into combustor by multiple nozzles, adds the uniformity of fuel space distribution；Adopt special effervescent atomizer to carry out fuel oil injection, make the atomization quality that fuel oil has had, be beneficial to fuel-oil atmozation and blending, further increase the uniformity of fuel distribution, make combustor have the potentiality of the disposal of pollutants that has substantial degradation.Owing to introducing atomizing air inside effervescent atomizer, combustor can be reduced and smolder discharge.It addition, effervescent atomizer injection diameter is relatively big, substantially reduce the risk of oil-poor direct injection combustion chamber spray orifice coking.
The present invention compared with prior art have the advantage that is as follows:
(1), main combustion stage of the present invention adopt oil-poor direct spraying technique, fuel oil sprays into combustor by multiple nozzles, add fuel space be distributed uniformity；Adopt special effervescent atomizer to carry out fuel oil injection, make the atomization quality that fuel oil has had, be beneficial to fuel-oil atmozation and blending, further increase the uniformity of fuel distribution, make combustor have the potentiality of the disposal of pollutants that has substantial degradation.Owing to introducing atomizing air inside effervescent atomizer, combustor can be reduced and smolder discharge.It addition, effervescent atomizer injection diameter is relatively big, substantially reduce the risk of oil-poor direct injection combustion chamber spray orifice coking；
(2), the present invention adopt monocycle cavity combustion chamber structure, combustion air is all fed by head, only blending hole and necessary Cooling Holes on burner inner liner, has modular characteristics, simplifies chamber structure, and premix and pre-evaporation circular tube structure is simple, it is easy to processing；Main combustion stage simple in construction, it is easy to assembling；
(3), the present invention adopts fractional combustion concept, pre-combustion grade concave design, it is provided that steady burning things which may cause a fire disaster, can ensure that the stability of aeroengine combustor buring room while reducing disposal of pollutants.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is engine structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the chamber structure sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the head of combustion chamber structure sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the effervescent atomizer sectional view of the present invention；
Wherein the implication of accompanying drawing labelling is: 1 is low-pressure compressor, 2 is high-pressure compressor, 3 is combustor, 4 is high-pressure turbine, 5 is low-pressure turbine, 6 is outer combustion case, 7 is casing in combustor, 8 is burner inner liner outer wall, 9 is burner inner liner inwall, 10 is diffuser, 11 is burner inner liner outer wall blending hole, 12 is burner inner liner inwall blending hole, 13 is head of combustion chamber, 14 is pre-combustion grade, 15 is main combustion stage, 16 is fuel nozzle, 17 is pre-combustion grade mist of oil, 18 is main combustion stage mist of oil, 19 is fuel oil connecting tube, 20 is atomization gas connecting tube, 21 is heavy in pre-combustion grade, 22 is rotational flow air runner, 23 is head integration module, 24 is effervescent atomizer outer wall, 25 is bubble tubule, 26 is passage, 27 is fuel oil spray orifice, 28 is nozzle chamber, 29 is pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer, 30 is main combustion stage effervescent atomizer, 31 is fuel pipe, 32 is atomization gas pipeline, 33 is pre-combustion grade cyclone, 34 is main combustion stage cyclone, 35 is head entirety end wall, 36 is head entirety flow deflector.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is engine structure schematic diagram, including low-pressure compressor 1, high-pressure compressor 2, combustor 3, high-pressure turbine 4 and low-pressure turbine 5.During electromotor work, air is after low-pressure compressor 1 compresses, enter high-pressure compressor 2, pressure-air enters back in combustor 3 and burns with fuel oil, the high-temperature high-pressure fuel gas formed after burning enters into high-pressure turbine 4 and low-pressure turbine 5, and being done work by turbine drives high-pressure compressor 2 and low-pressure compressor 1 respectively.
As in figure 2 it is shown, head of combustion chamber adopts center hierarchy, pre-combustion grade is at center, and main combustion stage is peripheral in pre-combustion grade.Combustor 3 adopts monocycle cavity configuration, and in outer combustion case 6 and combustor, casing 7 constitutes the outline of combustor, and is connected with high-pressure compressor 2 and the high-pressure turbine 4 of front and back.The incoming air of high-pressure compressor 2 enters combustor from diffuser 10 after reduction of speed diffusion, completes burning in the space that burner inner liner outer wall 8, burner inner liner inwall 9 and head of combustion chamber 13 surround with fuel oil.Blending hole 11 and interior blending hole 12 region in the past are combustion zone outside, and dilution air enters burner inner liner from blending hole, blends with the high-temperature fuel gas of combustion zone, makes outlet temperature reach designing requirement.Head of combustion chamber 13 includes pre-combustion grade 14, main combustion stage 15 and fuel nozzle 16, main combustion stage 15 is welded and fixed with burner inner liner outer wall 8 and burner inner liner inwall 9 by head entirety end wall 35, and pre-combustion grade 14 and main combustion stage 15 are integrated on head integration module 23, fuel nozzle 16 supplies whole fuel oil.Head entirety flow deflector 36 is welded on head entirety end wall 35 so that it is separate with the high-temperature fuel gas in burner inner liner, to protect structural intergrity.
Fig. 3 is sectional view and the left view of head of combustion chamber 13 structure, and pre-combustion grade 14 is at center, and main combustion stage 15 is dispersedly distributed in pre-combustion grade peripheral.Head of combustion chamber 13 is circumferentially evenly arranged, and number is 10～60, and its air capacity accounts for the 20%～80% of combustor total air, and wherein main combustion stage 15 accounts for the 60%～90% of head air capacity, and pre-combustion grade 15 accounts for the 10%～40% of head air capacity.Main combustion stage and pre-combustion grade all adopt effervescent atomizer.
In the diagram, effervescent atomizer is made up of fuel oil connecting tube 19, effervescent atomizer outer wall 24, bubble tubule 25, fuel oil spray orifice 27.Atomization gas and fuel oil are internally formed blister two-phase flow at effervescent atomizer.Blister fluid sprays into combustor by fuel oil spray orifice, and bubble forms high-quality mist of oil due to the blast of nozzle external and internal pressure difference.Combustion air enters homogenous combustion after combustor, rotational flow air and mist of oil efficiently blend by pre-combustion grade cyclone 33 and main combustion stage cyclone 34.
The above; it is only the detailed description of the invention in the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any people being familiar with this technology is in the technical scope that disclosed herein; it is appreciated that the conversion or replacement expected; what all should be encompassed in the present invention comprises within scope, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (8)

1. the oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer, it is characterized in that: this low pollution combustor adopts monocycle cavity configuration, is made up of casing (7), burner inner liner outer wall (8), burner inner liner inwall (9) and head of combustion chamber (13) in diffuser (10), outer combustion case (6), combustor；Combustion air is all entered burner inner liner by head of combustion chamber (13), and dilution air is injected by blending hole；Adopt fractional combustion scheme, it is divided into pre-combustion grade (14) and main combustion stage (15), fuel nozzle (16) the supply all fuel oils of combustor, main combustion stage (15) is by head entirety end wall (35), head entirety flow deflector (36) is fixed with burner inner liner outer wall (8) and burner inner liner inwall (9), pre-combustion grade (14) and main combustion stage (15) are integrated on head integration module (23), pre-combustion grade (14) is at center, multiple main combustion stages (15) Discrete Distribution is in pre-combustion grade (14) outside, described pre-combustion grade (14) is made up of pre-combustion grade cyclone (33) and pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29), main combustion stage (15) is made up of main combustion stage cyclone (34) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30), pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30) are by fuel oil connecting tube (19), effervescent atomizer outer wall (24), bubble tubule (25), fuel oil spray orifice (27) forms, fuel oil respectively enters the nozzle chamber (28) of pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30) by fuel pipe (31) and fuel oil connecting tube (19), atomizing air is in diffuser (10) front bleed, the nozzle chamber (28) of pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30) is respectively enterd by atomization gas pipeline (32) and atomization gas connecting tube (20), atomization gas and fuel oil are internally formed blister two-phase flow at pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30), blister fluid sprays into combustor by fuel oil spray orifice (27), bubble forms high-quality pre-combustion grade mist of oil (17) and main combustion stage mist of oil (18) due to the blast of nozzle external and internal pressure difference, combustion air enters combustor by pre-combustion grade cyclone (33) and main combustion stage cyclone (34), rotational flow air and mist of oil efficiently blend after homogenous combustion, rotational flow air runner design becomes to receive expansion passage, can effectively prevent pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30) area carbon, pre-combustion grade (14) is upper for concave design (21) at head integration module (23), make pre-combustion grade flame energy smooth combustion, play the effect of incendiary source.
2. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the progression of the cyclone that described pre-combustion grade (14) adopts is n, wherein 1≤n≤5；The structure of every grade of cyclone employing cyclone is axial swirler, or radial swirler, or tangential cyclones；As the progression n=1 of pre-combustion grade (14), cyclone is directly connected with head integration module (23)；When the progression 1 of pre-combustion grade (14), < during n≤5, cyclones at different levels first connect into an entirety, then are connected with head integration module (23), and pre-combustion grade (14) unit number is 1≤n≤5.
3. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the progression of the cyclone that described main combustion stage (15) adopts is n, wherein 1≤n≤5；The structure of every grade of cyclone employing cyclone is axial swirler, or radial swirler, or tangential cyclones；As the progression n=1 of main combustion stage (15), cyclone is directly connected with head integration module (23)；When the progression 1 of main combustion stage (15), < during n≤5, cyclones at different levels first connect into an entirety, then are connected with head integration module (23), and main combustion stage (15) unit number is 4≤n≤40.
4. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pre-combustion grade (14) and main combustion stage (15) are respectively adopted pre-combustion grade effervescent atomizer (29) and main combustion stage effervescent atomizer (30), its efficient and high-quality spraying can realize homogenous combustion, reduce disposal of pollutants, effervescent atomizer injection diameter is 0.5～4.0mm, can effectively prevent nozzle coking.
5. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described whole fuel oils needed for fuel nozzle (16) supply combustor, it is 50%～90% that main combustion stage fuel oil accounts for the ratio of total amount of fuel.
6. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described head of combustion chamber (13) is circumferentially evenly arranged, number is 10～60, the air capacity of head of combustion chamber (13) accounts for the 20%～80% of combustor total air, wherein main combustion stage (15) accounts for the 60%～90% of head air capacity, and pre-combustion grade (14) accounts for the 10%～40% of head air capacity.
7. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the burner inner liner outer wall (8) of described combustor and the type of cooling of burner inner liner inwall (9) adopt gaseous film control, disperse cooling or Compound cooling mode, so that wall surface temperature to be controlled extending the life-span of burner inner liner.
8. a kind of oil-poor direct injection low pollution combustor adopting effervescent atomizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described burner inner liner outer wall (8) rear portion is provided with burner inner liner outer wall blending hole (11), described burner inner liner inwall (9) rear portion is provided with burner inner liner inwall blending hole (12), blending edema caused by disorder of QI does not enter burner inner liner from burner inner liner outer wall blending hole (11) and burner inner liner inwall blending hole (12), to control combustor exit temperature distribution.
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CN107906560A (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-04-13 四川达宇特种车辆制造厂 A kind of standing vortex declines type gas turbine combustors
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CN108662612A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-10-16 清华大学 A kind of more boiling point fuel mixed combustion apparatus and its ignition method
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CN110186069A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-30 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 Burning heater
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CN113882967B (en) * 2021-11-05 2023-01-20 北京航空航天大学 Ramjet system applying gel fuel containing solid particles
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