CN105713726A - Method and device for rapidly extracting natural plant essential oil and hydrolat without solvents - Google Patents
Method and device for rapidly extracting natural plant essential oil and hydrolat without solvents Download PDFInfo
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- CN105713726A CN105713726A CN201610193627.2A CN201610193627A CN105713726A CN 105713726 A CN105713726 A CN 105713726A CN 201610193627 A CN201610193627 A CN 201610193627A CN 105713726 A CN105713726 A CN 105713726A
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- hydrosol
- natural plant
- plant essential
- essential oils
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/0003—Compounds of unspecified constitution defined by the chemical reaction for their preparation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0211—Solvent extraction of solids in combination with an electric or magnetic field
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/025—Recovery by solvent extraction
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for rapidly extracting natural plant essential oil and hydrolat without solvents. The method comprises steps as follows: S1, a fresh raw material of a natural plant is put in a microwave reactor; S2, the fresh raw material of the natural plant is heated by the microwave reactor; S3, steam containing plant raw material moisture and volatile natural substances is condensed in a condensation pipe; S4, an extraction and reflux device is used for reflux, and an extracting liquid is collected after being gathered by an essential oil collecting device, left to stand and stabilized; the device comprises a microwave generator, the microwave reactor fixed in the microwave generator, the extraction and reflux device connected with the microwave reactor through a connecting pipe, the condensation pipe connected with the extraction and reflux device as well as a hydrolat receiving bottle placed below the extraction and reflux device through a movable support. By means of the method and the device for rapidly extracting the natural plant essential oil and hydrolat without the solvents, the extraction efficiency is higher, the purity of essential oil and hydrolat is high, and the smell is closer to the fragrance of the plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils and hydrosol and device, belong to natural product chemistry abstraction technique field.
Background technology
Natural plant essential oils and hydrosol often adopt traditional squeezing, water soaking distillation or steam distillation acquisition, aqueous solvent is by external heat to boiling point, in material, volatile flavor (i.e. derived essential oil) passes through condensing tube together in azeotropic point along with steam, finally unified collection, gained extract upper strata is quintessence oil, and lower floor is hydrosol;Solvent-free microwave extraction method is fresh or dry material suitable in any natural plants containing quintessence oil, by microwave radiation, natural fresh plant material internal moisture is heated, oil droplet cell interior pressure is made to exceed the pressure that cell wall can bear, so that cell expansion breaks, volatile material is taken out of together along with steam;Through condensation with collect after layering, the water-insoluble natural volatile material in plant flocks together, and floats on above moisture, i.e. natural plant essential oils, the moisture extracted and natural plants hydrosol or flower water, wherein contains water-soluble active ingredient and a small amount of quintessence oil.
The patent of Chinese Patent Application No. CN201510091729.9, a kind of method disclosing ultrasonic assistant solvent-free microwave extraction Flos Chrysanthemi Indici quintessence oil;The step of the program is: Flos Chrysanthemi Indici flower is carried out vacuum lyophilization process, make the percent mass amount of moisture lower than 5% → dried Flos Chrysanthemi Indici carried out pulverization process obtain powder → powder is carried out spraying and add water, make the percent mass amount of sample moisture be 50% ~ 90% → sample is carried out ultrasonic cell-break pretreatment → process after sample carry out the oil reservoir of microwave extracting → products therefrom and be Flos Chrysanthemi Indici quintessence oil;The microwave extracting apparatus that the not concrete place of matchmakers of this invention adopts;Further, this invention requires sample is carried out very complicated pre-treatment, comprises lyophilization, pulverizing, ultrasonic cell-break, simultaneously, the program is called that solvent-free microwave extraction is inaccurate, because it is in pretreatment process, still employs water and carries out spraying as solvent and add water process.
The conventional traditional extraction technique of natural plant essential oils and hydrosol needs to expend the substantial amounts of time, energy and solvent (water) just can complete, long-time and aqueous solvent mixing high-temperature extraction easily makes the composition of relevant thermal sensitivity that hydrolysis change occurs, affect the final quality of product, meanwhile, the problem such as energy consumption height, low, the Solid state fermentation of quality limits the development and utilization of Herbivore active component to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
For solving the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes method and the device of a kind of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils and hydrosol, shortens extraction time, in hgher efficiency, green energy conservation, and gained quintessence oil and hydrosol purity are high, and abnormal smells from the patient is closer to this perfume of plant.
(2) technical scheme
The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol, comprise the following steps:
The first step, cleans natural plants fresh feed and is positioned in the microwave reactor of extraction equipment after draining;
Second step, microwave generator is internal produces microwave, and natural plants fresh feed internal water is heated, and makes the internal expanded by heating of vegetable oil glandular cell, being caused cell wall rupture by compression swelling, cell interior natural volatile aromatic substance can be released with steam;
3rd step, the steam containing plant material moisture and natural volatile material, by the convection current being thermally formed, flows up into condensing tube;In condensing tube, the steam containing natural volatile material meets cold rear liquefaction, stays along tube wall;
4th step, through extract return method device, after gathering in quintessence oil collection device, standing are stablized, is collected obtained extraction liquids by controlling piston valve;In the liquid of gained, upper strata is natural plant essential oils rich in the liquid of volatile material, and lower floor's liquid based on moisture is natural plants hydrosol.
Further, spent material is siccative, then be positioned in the microwave reactor of extraction equipment after being infiltrated by siccative in the first step;Needing water or organic solvent extraction to carry out experiment to compare, said method is equally applicable.
The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the device of hydrosol, including microwave generator, and it is fixed on the microwave reactor within microwave generator by fixing support rack, and the extract return method device being connected by connecting tube with microwave reactor, and the condensing tube being connected with extract return method device, and it is positioned over the hydrosol receiving bottle below extract return method device by movable support frame;Microwave reactor and condensing tube, by connecting tube and extract return method device compact siro spinning technology, form a system closed, to prevent the material extracted by the Substances Pollution of its exterior, it is ensured that the purity of product;Described microwave reactor is built with natural plants material;Described extract return method device includes overhead stream siphunculus and bottom overflow pipe, and is arranged at the quintessence oil collection device between overhead stream siphunculus and bottom overflow pipe, and is opened in the top blow vent between quintessence oil collection device and overhead stream siphunculus;Its bottom opening place of described quintessence oil collection device is provided with piston valve;Steam is mingled with after natural plants volatile ingredient runs into the condensing tube that temperature is relatively low, only small drop can be condensed into, bottom tube wall stream to condensing tube, flow in quintessence oil collection device by extract return method device overhead stream siphunculus, in quintessence oil collection device after stratification, hydrosol receiving bottle is placed in quintessence oil collection device bottom, realizes quintessence oil by control piston valve and separate with hydrosol and collect;Additionally, pressure in closed system also can be pushed back recycling in microwave reactor by being condensed out in quintessence oil collection device more hydrosol by bottom overflow pipe, so that the condensation abstraction thing that extract return method device overhead stream siphunculus flows into constantly assembles reservation in quintessence oil collection device, prevent the plant material in microwave reactor from drying too early, it addition, microwave reactor amount of capacity can according to how many spent materials be adjusted.
Further, described hydrosol receiving bottle is positioned over immediately below quintessence oil collection device.
Further, described overhead stream siphunculus and overflow pipe one end, bottom are connected with quintessence oil collection device;Described overhead stream siphunculus and the bottom overflow pipe other end are respectively connecting to below condensing tube and above connecting tube.
As preferred embodiment, in described microwave generator, infrared temperature control device is installed, the temperature in microwave reactor can be monitored, it is prevented that in microwave reactor, temperature is too high causes that product qualities changes.
As preferred embodiment, described microwave generator is built-in with photographic head, can observe material change in microwave reactor online.
As preferred embodiment, add auxiliary condensing plant in described extract return method device, can redesign as required, size of extract return method device can being modified or interpolation auxiliary condensing plant etc., promote gaseous exchange, and prevent steam because quickly through once condensing, causing reaction not exclusively.
Preferably, in described microwave generator, agitating device is installed, not only can increase the contact surface of natural plants material and distilled water equal solvent, it is also possible to increase microwave radiation area, make heating evenly.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art; the quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol and device; without adding any solvent; the moisture that only spent material self contains; microwave heating principle is utilized to adopt heat transfer type from inside to outside; heating-up time is short; the efficiency of heating surface is higher; and energy consumption is low; material is heated relatively uniform; the active skull cap components in plant material can be protected while being greatly shortened extraction time well, ensure that quintessence oil and hydrosol quality when not reducing product yield, low in the pollution of the environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Parts in accompanying drawing are labeled as: 1-microwave generator, 2-microwave reactor, 3-piston valve, 4-fixing support rack, 5-natural plants material, 6-connecting tube, 7-condensing tube, 8-extract return method device, 9-quintessence oil collection device, 10-hydrosol receiving bottle, 11-movable support frame, 12-top blow vent, 13-bottom overflow pipe, 14-overhead stream siphunculus, 15-its bottom opening of quintessence oil collection device.
Detailed description of the invention
The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol, comprise the following steps:
The first step, cleans natural plants fresh feed and is positioned in the microwave reactor of extraction equipment after draining;
Second step, microwave generator is internal produces microwave, and natural plants fresh feed internal water is heated, and makes the internal expanded by heating of vegetable oil glandular cell, being caused cell wall rupture by compression swelling, cell interior natural volatile aromatic substance can be released with steam;
3rd step, in plant material, the steam of moisture content and natural volatile material is by the convection current being thermally formed, and flows up into condensing tube;In condensing tube, the steam containing natural volatile material liquefies after meeting pre-cooling, stays along tube wall;
4th step, through extract return method device, after gathering in quintessence oil collection device, standing are stablized, is collected obtained extraction liquids by controlling piston valve;In the liquid of gained, upper strata is natural plant essential oils rich in the liquid of volatile material, lower floor based on the liquid of water-soluble active ingredient and a small amount of quintessence oil for natural plants hydrosol.
Quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils as shown in Figure 1 and the device of hydrosol, including microwave generator 1, and it is fixed on the microwave reactor 2 within microwave generator 1 by fixing support rack 4, and pass through, with microwave reactor 2, the extract return method device 8 that connecting tube 6 is connected, and the condensing tube 7 being connected with extract return method device 8, and it is positioned over the hydrosol receiving bottle 10 below extract return method device 8 by movable support frame 11;Microwave reactor 2 and condensing tube 7, by extract return method device 8 and connecting tube 6 compact siro spinning technology, form a system closed, to prevent the material extracted by the Substances Pollution of its exterior, it is ensured that the purity of product;It is incorporated with natural plants material 5 in described microwave reactor 2;Described extract return method device 8 includes overhead stream siphunculus 14 and bottom overflow pipe 13, and is arranged at the quintessence oil collection device 9 between overhead stream siphunculus 14 and bottom overflow pipe 13, and is opened in the top blow vent 12 between quintessence oil collection device 9 and overhead stream siphunculus 14;Its bottom opening 15 place of described quintessence oil collection device 9 is provided with piston valve 3;Steam is mingled with after natural plants volatile ingredient runs into the relatively low condensing tube of temperature 7, only small drop can be condensed into, bottom tube wall stream to condensing tube 7, flow in quintessence oil collection device 9 by extract return method device 8 overhead stream siphunculus 14, in quintessence oil collection device 9 after stratification, hydrosol receiving bottle 10 is placed in quintessence oil collection device 9 bottom, realizes quintessence oil by control piston valve 3 and separate with hydrosol and collect;Pressure in closed system can be pushed back recycling in microwave reactor 2 by being condensed out in quintessence oil collection device 9 more hydrosol by bottom overflow pipe 13, and the condensation abstraction thing flowed into from extract return method device upper tube 8 can be made constantly to assemble reservation quintessence oil collection device 9;Prevent the plant material 5 in microwave reactor 2 from drying too early, it addition, microwave reactor 2 amount of capacity can according to how many spent materials be adjusted.
Wherein, described hydrosol receiving bottle 10 is positioned over immediately below quintessence oil collection device 9.Described overhead stream siphunculus 14 and bottom overflow pipe 13 one end are connected with quintessence oil collection device 9;Described overhead stream siphunculus 14 and bottom overflow pipe 13 other end are respectively connecting to above condensing tube 7 and connecting tube 6.Infrared temperature control device (not shown) is installed in described microwave generator 1, the temperature in microwave reactor 2 can be monitored, it is prevented that in microwave reactor 2, temperature is too high causes that product qualities changes.Described microwave generator 1 is built-in with photographic head (not shown), can observe material change in microwave reactor online.Auxiliary condensing plant is added in described extract return method device 8, can redesign as required, size of extract return method device can being modified or interpolation auxiliary condensing plant etc. (not shown), promote gaseous exchange, and prevent steam because quickly through once condensing, causing reaction not exclusively.Microwave-assisted solvent is extracted, in described microwave generator 1, agitating device (not shown) can be installed, not only can increase the contact surface of natural plants material 5 and distilled water equal solvent, it is also possible to increase microwave radiation area, make heating evenly.
Embodiment 1:
The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol is utilized to extract Herba Lysimachiae foenum-graeci quintessence oil, relatively traditional method is compared, when yield is identical, extraction time reduces 33 ~ 50%, and composition is without significant difference and without notable degradation reaction, and sensory evaluation is good.
Embodiment 2:
Utilizing the quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol to extract rosemary ethereal oil, relatively traditional method is compared, and when yield is similar, extraction time reduces 75%, and pyrolysis hydrolysis reduces;Produce every gram of quintessence oil energy consumption and CO2 emissions reduce 94%.
Embodiment 3:
The method utilizing the quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and hydrosol extracts spice crop quintessence oil, and relatively traditional method is compared, and when Herba Ocimi (Herba Ocimi Pilosi), Herba Menthae, thyme oil yield are similar, extraction time reduces 89%;And pyrolysis hydrolysis reduces, energy consumption is little, and environmental effect is little.
The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol and device, the plant material adopted is natural fresh feed, extracts the pre-treatment without it carries out complexity, and technique is simply, easily operate, whole extraction process is without adding any solvent, it is ensured that the green natural of product;Heating process adopts the mode of microwave heating, and the efficiency of heating surface is much higher than traditional heating, and raw material is heated more thoroughly, evenly, effect of extracting is more preferably;Heating process can adjust heating intensity by the power of change microwave, easy and simple to handle;Microwave auxiliary extraction substantially reduces extraction time, reduces the probability of product composition change, thus ensure that the quality of product;Microwave extracting apparatus is from as a blood circulation closed, and air-tightness is good, it is possible to stop outside contamination source to enter, it is ensured that product purity;Whole set process environmental protection, efficient energy-saving;If raw material is natural plants dry material, only need to putting in microwave reactor with distilled water together with suitable proportion by dry material, later step is constant, and the method products therefrom is quintessence oil and Hua Shui;Comparing as needed water or organic solvent extraction to carry out experiment, said method is equally applicable;It addition, the extraction equipment of the present invention may move, it is possible to size of as required extract return method device being modified or interpolation auxiliary condensing plant, agitating device can be installed in microwave generator, make system more perfect;The quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils of the present invention and the method for hydrosol be applicable not only to lavandula angustifolia, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis, the preparation of the natural perfume plant quintessence oil such as Herba Menthae and hydrosol, and be applicable to the preparation of other natural plant active components such as Chinese herbal medicine, flowers and fruits.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention result is described, and not the spirit and scope of the present invention is defined.Under the premise without departing from design concept of the present invention; various modification that technical scheme is made by this area ordinary person and improvement; protection scope of the present invention all should be dropped into, the technology contents that the present invention is claimed, all record in detail in the claims.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step, cleans natural plants fresh feed and is positioned in the microwave reactor of extraction equipment after draining;
Second step, microwave generator is internal produces microwave, and natural plants fresh feed internal water is heated, and makes the internal expanded by heating of vegetable oil glandular cell, being caused cell wall rupture by compression swelling, cell interior natural volatile aromatic substance can be released with steam;
3rd step, the steam containing plant material moisture and natural volatile material, by the convection current being thermally formed, flows up into condensing tube;In condensing tube, the steam containing natural volatile material meets cold rear liquefaction, stays along tube wall;
4th step, through extract return method device, after gathering in quintessence oil collection device, standing are stablized, is collected obtained extraction liquids by controlling piston valve;In the liquid of gained, supernatant liquid is natural plant essential oils, and lower floor's liquid is natural plants hydrosol.
2. the method for quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 1 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: spent material is siccative, then be positioned in the microwave reactor of extraction equipment after being infiltrated by siccative in the first step;Needing water or organic solvent extraction to carry out experiment to compare, said method is equally applicable.
3. the device of a quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils and hydrosol, it is characterized in that: include microwave generator, and it is fixed on the microwave reactor within microwave generator by fixing support rack, and the extract return method device being connected by connecting tube with microwave reactor, and the condensing tube being connected with extract return method device, and it is positioned over the hydrosol receiving bottle below extract return method device by movable support frame;Natural plants material it is incorporated with in described microwave reactor;Described extract return method device includes overhead stream siphunculus and bottom overflow pipe, and is arranged at the quintessence oil collection device between overhead stream siphunculus and bottom overflow pipe, and is opened in the top blow vent between quintessence oil collection device and overhead stream siphunculus;Its bottom opening place of described quintessence oil collection device is provided with piston valve.
4. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: described hydrosol receiving bottle is positioned over immediately below quintessence oil collection device.
5. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: described overhead stream siphunculus and overflow pipe one end, bottom are connected with quintessence oil collection device;Described overhead stream siphunculus and the bottom overflow pipe other end are respectively connecting to below condensing tube and above connecting tube.
6. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: in described microwave generator, infrared temperature control device is installed.
7. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: described microwave generator is built-in with photographic head.
8. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: add auxiliary condensing plant in described extract return method device.
9. the device of quick solvent free extract natural plant essential oils according to claim 3 and hydrosol, it is characterised in that: in described microwave generator, agitating device is installed.
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CN106190574A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. volatile oil and preparation method thereof |
CN107400563A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏福美景点开发有限公司 | For extracting the process units and its production method of fragrant plant composition |
CN108587792A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-28 | 何华英 | A kind of chemical experiment vapor water proof distillation essential oil extraction equipment |
CN108949353A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南省农产品加工研究所 | A kind of extracting method of bitter citrus immature flower essential oil |
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CN107400563A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏福美景点开发有限公司 | For extracting the process units and its production method of fragrant plant composition |
CN108587792A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-09-28 | 何华英 | A kind of chemical experiment vapor water proof distillation essential oil extraction equipment |
CN108949353A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南省农产品加工研究所 | A kind of extracting method of bitter citrus immature flower essential oil |
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CN114210091A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-22 | 广州市博之越精细化工有限公司 | Extraction process of plant natural components for inhibiting speckle |
CN114032145A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-11 | 陕西蒲城兴农生物科技开发有限公司 | Grape seed hydrolat and preparation method thereof |
WO2023118583A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | Mls Mikrowellen-Labor-Systeme Gmbh | Device for extracting volatile materials from sample material |
CN115433637A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-06 | 东莞市鸿馥生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of green tea spice |
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