CN105711368B - An Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting System Based on Passive Suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic energy capture system based on a passive suspension, which consists of a hydraulic shock absorber, a speed amplification mechanism and an electromagnetic energy capture mechanism. The speed amplification mechanism is located between the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy capture mechanism, and amplifies the vibration speed of the suspension. The invention can convert the vibration energy of the suspension into electrical energy and store it. When a car is traveling on an uneven road, the vibration of the road is transmitted to the car suspension through the tire, causing the car hydraulic shock absorber to vibrate up and down. Through the speed amplification mechanism, the vibration speed of the suspension is transmitted to the electromagnetic energy capture mechanism, so that the intermediate rod and the inner cylinder of the electromagnetic energy capture mechanism produce relative motion, and according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated, and finally the induced electromotive force is stored. At the same time, the existence of the Ampere force further improves the vibration reduction effect of the system. The entire structure does not require a complex feedback system, a control system and additional power elements, so it has a simple structure, low cost, and a wide range of applications, and has a good application prospect.

Description

An Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting System Based on Passive Suspension

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of energy harvesting of automobile suspensions, in particular to an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspensions.

Background technique

The research on the energy dissipation of vehicle shock absorbers shows that the recovery of suspension vibration energy has important practical significance for realizing energy saving of vehicles. Therefore, the structural design of the suspension is particularly critical, which directly affects the vibration reduction performance and energy recovery efficiency. In recent years, a variety of energy-feeding suspension structures have appeared. For example, domestic patent 200410013577 proposes a linear motor-based energy-feeding suspension system. The suspension system fixedly connects the mover of the linear motor to the spring of the vehicle. At the upper mass, the stator of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the unsprung mass of the vehicle. The relative movement of the sprung mass and the unsprung mass when the vehicle vibrates drives the movement of the linear motor mover and stator, thereby capturing energy. Domestic patent 201420027645 proposes an energy-feeding suspension composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump, and a generator. The suspension uses hydraulic pressure to drive a hydraulic motor, thereby driving the motor to generate electricity and capture energy. Japanese scholars Suda and Nakan designed a self-powered suspension system for heavy-duty trucks, using two DC motors to convert the vibration energy transmitted from the road surface to the suspension through the tires into electrical energy and store it; Xu Lin of Wuhan University of Technology proposed A new type of hydraulic-electric energy-feeding active suspension system. The hydraulic-electric energy-feeding suspension system is a hybrid system combining machine-hydraulic-electricity. Its design idea is based on the energy storage device in the hydraulic system. of energy is stored. The energy-feeding shock absorber converts the relative linear motion of the suspension system into the rotary motion of the hydraulic motor through the rectification circuit of the hydraulic check valve, and then drives the motor to work in the power generation state through the coupling, thereby realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into The electrical energy stored in the energy consumption or energy storage components achieves the purpose of energy recovery.

However, these energy-feeding suspensions have the following disadvantages, including: 1) this kind of suspension is generally an active suspension, which needs to provide energy to attenuate the vibration of the car while capturing energy, and often "makes ends meet"; 2) due to the energy-feeding The output voltage of the type suspension will not be too high. In order to avoid the dead zone of the motor, a booster circuit is usually added to ensure the normal vibration reduction function of the suspension. The structure is complex; 3) The working state of the motor needs to be controlled by a corresponding control system , which leads to high manufacturing cost and poor reliability of the suspension; 4) The layout space of the suspension is limited, and the increased motor makes the layout of the suspension system difficult. At the same time, it may increase the distance between the chassis and the road, reducing the handling stability. Therefore, researching and proposing an effective and practicable energy-feeding suspension is of great significance for improving the fuel economy of automobiles. Aiming at the problems existing in the motor-based energy-feeding suspension, it is urgent to design an energy-harvesting suspension with simple structure, high reliability, and low cost.

Contents of the invention

According to the technical problems raised above, an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension is proposed.

The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension, comprising a hydraulic shock absorber arranged in parallel, a speed amplification mechanism and an electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism, the speed amplification mechanism is located between the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism between,

The speed amplifying mechanism includes support rods parallel to the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism respectively, a speed transmission mechanism is provided at the lower end of the support rod, and the speed transmission mechanism includes a guide sleeve and a Connecting rod I, ball link I, slider I, spring I, slider II, ball link II, and connecting rod II are sequentially connected in the guide sleeve, and the other end of the connecting rod I is connected to the hydraulic shock absorber The lower end of the connecting rod II is connected to the lower end of the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism.

The outer wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a through groove I extending along the axis of the guide sleeve, and the through groove I is fixedly connected with the lower end of the support rod through fastening screws.

Adjust the position between the support rod, the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism, and then tighten the fastening screw to fix the position, thereby adjusting the speed magnification of the speed transmission mechanism.

The outer wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a thickened sleeve, and the thickened sleeve is provided with a through groove II matching the through groove I.

The electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cavity of the outer cylinder is provided with an intermediate rod connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the intermediate rod is covered with a plurality of ring magnets, and the plurality of ring magnets The magnets are arranged sequentially along the axis of the middle rod, the middle rod can slide relatively along the axis of the inner cylinder, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder and the outer diameter of the ring magnet are in clearance fit, so that the inner cylinder and the outer diameter of the ring magnet There is an air gap for magnetic conduction between the ring magnets, the outer diameter of the inner cylinder and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder are in clearance fit, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a coil, and the bottom of the outer cylinder is in contact with the inner diameter of the outer cylinder. The connecting rod II is connected. When the middle rod slides relative to the inner cylinder, the coil and the ring magnet generate cutting magnetic field line movement. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force will be generated. While generating an induced electromotive force , according to Lenz's law, it can be known that the Ampere force that hinders the relative movement of the middle rod and the inner cylinder will be generated, and the Ampere force will be transmitted to the hydraulic shock absorber to attenuate the vibration of the vehicle together with the hydraulic shock absorber, that is, to produce resistance to the relative movement The electromagnetic damping force of the movement, the magnitude and direction of the electromagnetic damping force follow Lenz's law, the magnitude of the electromagnetic damping force is proportional to the speed of relative motion, the direction of the electromagnetic damping force is opposite to the direction of relative motion, and can partly vibrate Energy is converted into electrical energy and stored to achieve dual functions of vibration reduction and energy harvesting.

There is a gap between the ring magnets, the magnetization form of the ring magnet is N pole at the upper part, and S class at the lower part of the ring magnet.

There is a gap between the ring magnets, the magnetization form of the ring magnets is that the inner ring is S pole, and the outer ring of the ring magnet is N class.

The hydraulic shock absorber includes a hydraulic chamber, the hydraulic chamber is provided with a piston, the piston is connected to one end of the piston connecting rod, and the other end of the piston connecting rod passes through the top of the hydraulic chamber and is connected to the upper baffle , there is a spring II between the upper baffle plate and the top of the hydraulic chamber, the spring II is sleeved on the piston connecting rod, and the bottom of the hydraulic chamber is connected to the connecting rod I through a connecting column, so The piston is provided with a plurality of throttle holes, and the hydraulic chamber is filled with damping fluid. The vibration of the vehicle is damped by the damping force generated by the damping fluid flowing through the orifice.

The upper baffle is disc-shaped, and a lower baffle is provided between the spring II and the top of the hydraulic chamber, and the shape of the lower baffle matches the upper baffle.

The upper ends of the hydraulic shock absorber, the speed amplifying mechanism and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism are all connected to the chassis of the vehicle, and the lower ends of the hydraulic shock absorber are connected to wheels.

Compared with the prior art, the passive suspension-based electromagnetic energy harvesting system of the present invention can convert the vibration energy of the suspension into electrical energy and store it. When the car is running on an uneven road, the vibration of the road is transmitted to the car suspension through the tires, causing the car's hydraulic shock absorber to vibrate up and down, and the speed is transmitted to the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism through the speed amplification mechanism, so that the middle rod of the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism It produces relative motion with the inner cylinder, generates induced electromotive force according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, and finally stores the induced electromotive force. At the same time, the system has a good damping effect due to the existence of the ampere force. Since the whole structure does not need complex feedback system, control system and extra power components, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the application range is wide, so it has a good application prospect.

Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in fields such as energy harvesting of automobile suspensions.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the speed transmission mechanism in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of arrangement and structure mode 1 of the ring magnet in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a graph of captured voltage corresponding to the arrangement and structure of the ring magnet in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the second arrangement and structure of the ring magnet in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a graph of the trapped voltage corresponding to the arrangement of the ring magnet and the second structure in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a comparison curve of the vehicle body acceleration based on the electromagnetic energy harvesting system of the passive suspension and the vehicle body acceleration based on the traditional hydraulic damping suspension in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figures 1-8, an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension includes a hydraulic shock absorber 1 arranged in parallel, a speed amplification mechanism 2 and an electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3, and the speed amplification mechanism 2 is located at the Between the hydraulic shock absorber 1 and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3,

The speed amplifying mechanism 2 includes support rods 21 parallel to the hydraulic shock absorber 1 and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3 respectively, the lower end of the support rods 21 is provided with a speed transmission mechanism 22, and the speed transmission mechanism 22 It includes a guide sleeve 221 and a connecting rod I222, a ball link I223, a slider I224, a spring I225, a slider II226, a ball link II227, and a connecting rod II228 connected sequentially within the guide sleeve 221. The connecting rod I222 The other end is connected to the lower end of the hydraulic shock absorber 1 , and the other end of the connecting rod II 228 is connected to the lower end of the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3 .

The outer wall of the guide sleeve 221 is provided with a through slot I extending along the axis of the guide sleeve 221 , and the through slot I is fixedly connected with the lower end of the support rod 21 by a fastening screw 4 .

The outer wall of the guide sleeve 221 is provided with a thickened sleeve 229, and the thickened sleeve 229 is provided with a through groove II matching the through groove I.

The upper end of the support rod 21 is connected with the chassis 5 of the vehicle through the fastening screw 4 .

The electromagnetic energy capture mechanism 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 and an inner cylinder 32, the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 31 is provided with an intermediate rod 33 connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 31, and the outer wall of the intermediate rod 33 is covered with a plurality of annular Magnets 34, the plurality of ring magnets 34 are arranged in sequence along the axis of the middle rod 33, the middle rod 33 can slide relatively along the axis of the inner cylinder 32, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 32 is the same as that of the ring magnet 34 There is clearance fit between the outer diameters of the inner cylinder 32, clearance fit between the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 32 and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 31, the outer wall of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with a coil 35, the bottom of the outer cylinder 31 is connected to the Rod II 228 is connected, and the coil 35 is connected to a power source.

The material of the middle rod 33 is aluminum.

The hydraulic shock absorber 1 includes a hydraulic chamber 11, a piston 12 is arranged in the hydraulic chamber 11, the piston 12 is connected to one end of a piston connecting rod 13, and the other end of the piston connecting rod 13 passes through the hydraulic pressure The top of the chamber 11 is connected to the upper baffle 14, and a spring II 15 is provided between the upper baffle 14 and the top of the hydraulic chamber 11, and the spring II 15 is sleeved on the piston connecting rod 13, and the hydraulic chamber 11 The bottom is connected with the connecting rod I 222 through the connecting column 111, the piston 12 is provided with a plurality of throttle holes 121, and the hydraulic chamber 11 is filled with damping fluid.

The upper baffle 14 is disc-shaped, and a lower baffle 16 is provided between the spring II 15 and the top of the hydraulic chamber 11 , the shape of the lower baffle 16 matches the upper baffle 14 .

The upper baffle 14 is connected to the chassis 5 of the vehicle through an upper connecting ring 141 , and the connecting column 111 is connected to the wheel through a lower connecting ring 112 .

When the car is running, the vibration of the road surface is transmitted to the hydraulic shock absorber 1 through the lower connecting ring 112, and relative motion occurs between the hydraulic chamber 11 and the piston 12, and the motion is transmitted to the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3 through the speed amplification mechanism 2, resulting in The rod 33 and the inner cylinder 32 generate relative motion, thereby generating motion of cutting magnetic induction lines and generating induced electromotive force.

When the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3 is externally connected to the energy storage element, the coil 35 and the energy storage element form a closed loop. When the middle rod 33 and the inner cylinder 32 move relative to each other, the movement of cutting magnetic lines of induction occurs between the two. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated, and the magnitude of the induced electromotive force is related to the relative movement speed of the middle rod 33 and the inner cylinder 32. related. It can be seen that the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism 3 can continuously generate induced electromotive force according to the vibration of the suspension, and the more severe the vibration of the vehicle, the greater the induced electromotive force generated and the more energy captured.

The present invention is an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension. The size of the captured voltage is closely related to the intensity of vehicle vibration, the amplification factor of the speed amplification mechanism 2 and the form of the ring magnet 34 on the middle rod 33. When the speed amplification mechanism 2 When the vehicle speed and road surface are constant, the arrangement and structure of the ring magnet 34 become the main factors affecting the magnitude of the trapping voltage. Set the amplification factor of the speed amplification mechanism 2 to be certain, the vehicle speed is 50km/h, and the road surface is a B-level road surface. The arrangement and structural mode of the ring magnet 34 is that a gap is provided between the ring magnets 34, and the top of the ring magnet 34 is an N pole. , the bottom of the ring magnet 34 is S-level, as shown in Figure 4, the captured voltage curve is as shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the peak value of the captured voltage is 4.75V; the amplification factor of the speed amplification mechanism 2, the vehicle speed and driving The road surface is constant, the arrangement of ring magnet 34 and structure mode two are to be provided with gap between ring magnet 34, the inner ring of described ring magnet 34 is S pole, and the outer ring of described ring magnet 34 is N level, as Fig. 6 As shown, the trapping voltage curve has changed, and the peak value of the trapping voltage is 6.7V, as shown in FIG. 7 . It can be seen from this that the arrangement and structure of the ring magnet 34 have a great influence on the energy harvesting result.

The invention is an electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension, which has good vibration damping performance while capturing the vibration energy of the vehicle. Assume that the car is running on a B-grade road at a speed of 50km/h. Fig. 8 is the comparison curve of the vehicle body acceleration based on the electromagnetic energy harvesting system of the passive suspension and the vehicle body acceleration based on the traditional hydraulic damping suspension. Body acceleration has been reduced by 7.6%.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension, characterized in that: comprise a hydraulic shock absorber arranged in parallel, a speed amplification mechanism and an electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism, and the speed amplification mechanism is located between the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism Between the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism, The speed amplifying mechanism includes support rods parallel to the hydraulic shock absorber and the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism respectively, a speed transmission mechanism is provided at the lower end of the support rod, and the speed transmission mechanism includes a guide sleeve and a Connecting rod I, ball link I, slider I, spring I, slider II, ball link II, and connecting rod II are sequentially connected in the guide sleeve, and the other end of the connecting rod I is connected to the hydraulic shock absorber The lower end of the connecting rod II is connected to the lower end of the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism. 2. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a slot I extending along the axis of the guide sleeve, and the slot I extends along the axis of the guide sleeve. Groove I is fixedly connected with the lower end of the support rod through fastening screws. 3. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a thickened sleeve, and the thickened sleeve is provided with a Groove II that matches the groove I described above. 4. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on a passive suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic energy harvesting mechanism includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, and the inner cavity of the outer cylinder is provided with the outer cylinder. The middle rod connected to the bottom of the cylinder, the outer wall of the middle rod is covered with a plurality of ring magnets, the plurality of ring magnets are arranged in sequence along the axis of the middle rod, and the middle rod can slide relatively along the axis of the inner cylinder, There is a clearance fit between the inner diameter of the inner cylinder and the outer diameter of the ring magnet, clearance fit between the outer diameter of the inner cylinder and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder, a coil is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the outer The bottom of the cylinder is connected with the connecting rod II. 5. The electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension according to claim 4, characterized in that: a gap is provided between the ring magnets, the magnetization form of the ring magnets is an N pole at the top, and the magnetization form of the ring magnets is N pole. The lower part of the ring magnet is S class. 6. A kind of electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: a gap is provided between the ring magnets, the magnetization form of the ring magnets is that the inner ring is an S pole, so The outer ring of the ring magnet is N-level. 7. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic shock absorber includes a hydraulic chamber, and a piston is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, and the piston is connected to the piston. One end of the rod is connected, the other end of the piston connecting rod passes through the top of the hydraulic chamber and is connected to the upper baffle, and a spring II is arranged between the upper baffle and the top of the hydraulic chamber, and the spring II is socketed On the piston connecting rod, the bottom of the hydraulic chamber is connected to the connecting rod I through a connecting column, a plurality of throttle holes are arranged on the piston, and the hydraulic chamber is filled with damping fluid. 8. An electromagnetic energy harvesting system based on passive suspension according to claim 7, characterized in that: the upper baffle is in the shape of a disc, and there is a set between the spring II and the top of the hydraulic chamber The lower baffle, the shape of the lower baffle matches the upper baffle.