CN105703549B - Motor with electric potential balancing device - Google Patents

Motor with electric potential balancing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105703549B
CN105703549B CN201510904227.3A CN201510904227A CN105703549B CN 105703549 B CN105703549 B CN 105703549B CN 201510904227 A CN201510904227 A CN 201510904227A CN 105703549 B CN105703549 B CN 105703549B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brush
sliding
armature spindle
contact element
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201510904227.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105703549A (en
Inventor
I·德安克
B·施罗德
M·亨格
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Co Ltd Of Seg Automobiles Germany
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Co Ltd Of Seg Automobiles Germany, Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Co Ltd Of Seg Automobiles Germany
Publication of CN105703549A publication Critical patent/CN105703549A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105703549B publication Critical patent/CN105703549B/en
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/003Structural associations of slip-rings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/141Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with slip-rings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/16Synchronous generators
    • H02K19/36Structural association of synchronous generators with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of the generator or controlling the generator, e.g. with impedances or switches
    • H02K19/365Structural association of synchronous generators with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of the generator or controlling the generator, e.g. with impedances or switches with a voltage regulator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of motor with electric potential balancing device, which has:The rotor windings (14) of stator (6) and rotor (7), rotor are powered by the brush (16,17) being movably supported in brush carrier (5);And electric potential balancing device, the electric potential balancing device acts between armature spindle (8) and motor grounding parts and has at least one sliding contact element (19), on the one hand the sliding contact element is sticked on using contact surface (22) at the contact being connected with armature spindle (8), on the other hand conductively it is connected with motor grounding parts, wherein, the sliding contact element (19) of electric potential balancing device is integrated in brush carrier (5) and is sticked at the conductive sliding surface (35) of rotary angle transmitter (23) that is at armature spindle (8) and being rotated together with armature spindle (8) being connected with the potential of armature spindle (8) using the contact surface (22) of the brush carrier.

Description

Motor with electric potential balancing device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motors as described in the preamble with electric potential balancing device according to claim 1.
Background technology
In different application areas, motor is used as driving portion and generator.Moreover, motor is answered in a motor vehicle In so-called regenerative system, wherein motor not only undertakes driving function, but also undertakes energy recovery function.
With stator and can by the motor of external drive or self-energizing rotor respectively can equipped with fixedly with rotor phase The rotary angle transmitter of connection, task are that the Angle Position of rotor is passed to the control unit of motor.
It is known that in motor operation, shaft voltage (Wellenspannung) can be formed on armature spindle, phase is indicated Voltage difference for motor grounding parts (Maschinenmasse) and there can be different reasons.A reason thus is for example Can be that stator winding or rotor windings are sequentially manipulated by means of pulse-width signal.Under this reason, the confession of vehicle electronic circuit To voltage and thus the working voltage of motor is higher, then the shaft voltage occurred is higher.
But it is another the possible reason is, the load of electrostatic leads to high shaft voltage.For example, the motor as generator operation It can be driven by belt, the electricity so as to which rotor occurs by belt loads.
If there is shaft voltage pulsed by bearing, preferably by the ball bearing of driving side discharge, then cause Flow through the pulse-type current flowing of bearing.Here, being likely to occur spark erosion in the region of bearing surface, this can lead to bearing Damage.The automatic discharging of such bearing by rotor especially can when the insulating effect of bearing grease fails with The form of the electric current flowing of pulsed occurs, and the continuous loading of bearing as a result, damages the bearing and significantly reduces bearing Service life.
In addition, the electric discharge of the pulsed for the carrier being located on armature spindle causes to generate electromagnetic wave, production is negatively affected The Electro Magnetic Compatibility of product.In particular, this may interfere with the trouble-free performance positioned at neighbouring electrical equipment.
A kind of component of known shaft voltage for exporting motor passes through wherein from 35 11 755 A1 of document DE Sliding contact element exports carrier from armature spindle.For this purpose, it is provided with the capacitance acted between armature spindle and motor grounding parts, It can connect with inductance.Component for exporting shaft voltage is also referred to as electric potential balancing device, because utilizing the electric potential balancing Device realizes electric potential balancing between ground and armature spindle.
Known a kind of alternating current generator from 101 18 004 A1 of document DE has for inhibiting to be stored in its turn The device of electrostatic at son, wherein, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of rotor can be connected by Ohmic resistance with the axis of rotor.
Invention content
Motor according to the present invention with feature described in claim 1 this have the advantage that, passes through the nothing in motor By how setting is realized for exporting the sliding contact element of shaft voltage in installation sliding contact element in existing brush carrier When significantly assemble simplification.It is combined with rotary angle transmitter as contact, with sliding surface, also obtains entirety and save very much Space-efficient, for the arrangement of electric potential balancing device, sliding contact element sticks at rotary angle transmitter.In addition, for Installation contact does not need additional assembly cost, because rotary angle transmitter is after all mounted at armature spindle and also thus is located at In the voltage potential of armature spindle.
Preferably, rotary angle transmitter have metal or at least being covered with rotationally symmetric body made of metallic surface, from And the circumferential surface of rotary angle transmitter is suitable as the sliding surface for sliding contact element.
Particularly advantageously, using the sliding contact element of electric potential balancing device as the additional brush movably supported It is placed in brush carrier.Thus sliding contact element can be constructed in the same manner as other brushes and is supported in brush carrier, to not Need the component especially technically constructed to realize sliding contact element.
The especially compact structure of the brush carrier with the sliding contact element being inserted into is obtained by the brush being arranged in line Form.
In the simplest case, the conductive sliding surface for being used for the sliding contact element of electric potential balancing device can be corner The cylindrical circumferential surface of the shell of sensor.
If rotary angle transmitter is coaxially connected with armature spindle by connecting shaft, the circumferential surface of connecting shaft also can be used directly Act on the conductive sliding surface of the sliding contact element of electric potential balancing device.This just need at connecting shaft it is seldom can from By close contact area, it is mounted at the circumferential surface of connecting shaft in order to by sliding contact element.
Connecting shaft has relatively small diameter, and to its circumferential surface and thus corresponding sliding surface has when armature spindle rotates There is corresponding small peripheral speed.The abrasion at sliding contact element and equally at sliding surface is kept as corresponding very little as a result,.
According to the structure type of used rotary angle transmitter, the sliding surface at rotary angle transmitter also can be relative to rotor The axial direction of axis is orientated deviously.At this point, sliding contact element has the contact surface of respective orientation.It is connect here, forming sliding Touching the brush of element can vertically protrude from sliding surface, to obtain the optimal contact between sliding surface and brush.
Sliding surface can be formed by coating, which has very little relative to the contact surface of brush sticked at the coating Friction coefficient.Abrasion at corresponding brush and at sliding surface is significantly reduced as a result,.
Sliding surface at rotary angle transmitter can also be formed by slip ring, and slip ring is mounted at rotary angle transmitter, such as is installed At its shell or its connecting shaft.As a result, exactly, even if the case material when rotary angle transmitter does not have optimal contact When performance, the sliding surface provided with optimal contact and sliding capability can be also realized.
It can be very advantageously made of copper alloy of the sliding surface of sliding contact element setting.With as sliding contact element Traditional brush be combined, copper alloy have extraordinary contact and sliding capability.
Sliding contact element is as brush in the arrangement anyway in order to be powered in required brush carrier for rotor windings Scheme not only obtains extremely saving space-efficient electric potential balancing device, but also also achieves through the contact element outstanding at brush carrier Part is directly electrically connected with the earth potential of motor.As a result, in order to which the grounding connection established between armature spindle and ground does not need cloth Line measure, to which the contact for electric potential balancing device does not need additional assembly cost.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is explained in detail below according to the embodiment being shown in the accompanying drawings.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the overview of motor,
Fig. 2 shows the longitudinal section of the motor of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 shows the part of the amplification in the region of the brush carrier with additional sliding contact element of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 shows in figure 2 and figure 3 with the three-dimensional view of the brush carrier shown in section,
Fig. 5 shows the brush carrier of the embodiment variant with the sliding contact element being additionally integrated in brush carrier Section view, and
Fig. 6 shows the another embodiment variant with slip ring, the sliding contact member being additionally integrated in brush carrier Part sticks at the slip ring.
Specific implementation mode
The view of motor 1 is shown in FIG. 1, the motor component 2 of the motor includes stator and the rotor in stator. Belt pulley 3 is assemblied in driving side on armature spindle, and torque can be carried out by means of drive belt not shown here by armature spindle It transmits.In the side that the opposite with belt pulley 3 of motor 1 is set, there is the electrical dress for controlling motor 1 in housing parts 4 It sets.In addition, can be seen that the position of brush carrier 5 in Fig. 1.
It can find out the structure of motor 1 in more detail in the longitudinal section of Fig. 2.Motor component 2 includes mainly stator 6 and rotor 7, the armature spindle 8 of rotor is rotatably propped up by means of the ball bearing 9 and ball bearing 10 that is opposite and arranging with setting of driving side It holds.Bearing cap 11,12 is the component of electric machine casing and is used as being used for the receiving portion of ball bearing 9,10.
In the embodiment illustrated, rotor 7 has claw-like electrode 13.Rotor windings 14 are powered by brush carrier 5 to produce Raw electromagnetic field.Be disposed in the shell 15 of brush carrier 5 brush 16 that is movably supported in a manner of overcoming spring stress to 18, wherein brush 16 and 17 is arranged for being powered for rotor windings 14.Brush 18 may be commonly referred to as sliding contact element 19 And for exporting the shaft voltage occurred at armature spindle 8.Brush 16,17 is in the copper slip ring being electrically connected with rotor windings 14 20, it slides on 21.And brush 18 is slided using its contact surface 22 at the sliding surface for the rotary angle transmitter 23 being connected with armature spindle 8 It is dynamic.
Rotary angle transmitter 23 is rotated together with rotor 7 and the Angle Position for determining rotor 7 during operation.Corner passes For example including permanent magnet, magnetic field is detected by the electronic device not being shown specifically herein and is evaluated for rotor sensor 23 Location determination.According to the desired method of operation of motor, the Angle Position with rotor 7 is relatively the stator winding 24 of stator 6 It is powered.In motor operation, electrical power is converted into mechanical output, such as to provide the torque for accelerating vehicle, and sent out In the operation of electric motor type, mechanical output is converted into electrical power, is powered with the vehicle electronic circuit for being, for example, vehicle.Here, by solid Surely the belt pulley 3 being connected with armature spindle 8 carries out the transmission of mechanical output.
The part enlargedly shown in figure 3 has been marked with chain-dotted line 25 in fig. 2.
It can be seen that in figure 3, brush 16 to 18 is embarked on journey in the shell 15 of brush carrier 5 on the axial direction of armature spindle 8 Ground is arranged.In this example, relative to rotor windings 14, brush 16 forms negative contact, and brush 17 forms positive contact.Accordingly Ground, the also referred to as negative slip ring 20 of slip ring 20,21 and positive slip ring 21, by bus-bar 26,27 and connection cable 28,29 and turn Sub- winding 14 is connected.
Rotary angle transmitter 23 has the permanent magnet 31 being located in shell 30, is used as the sensor for rotary angle transmitter 23 Element (Geberelement).Rotary angle transmitter 23 is coaxially fixed on rotation by connecting shaft 32 outstanding on it in end side The end of axis 8.Brush 18 as sliding contact element 19 is located at the guiding of brush carrier 5 by means of compression spring 33 with pre-tightening In channel 34.Compression spring 33 makes brush 18 be pressed against at the cylindrical housings 30 of rotary angle transmitter 23 using its contact surface 22 On sliding surface 35.Brush 18 is electrically connected by copper twisted wire 36 with contact element 37, wherein the component of contact element 37 and ground connection 38 are conductively connected, which can be a part or motor grounding parts more specifically electric machine casing for power electronics devices A part.
In the embodiment illustrated in figure 3, the shell 30 of rotary angle transmitter 23 is made of an electrically conducting material or at least One conductive surface, to which sliding surface 35 is conductively connected with armature spindle 8 preferably made of steel by connecting shaft 32.By This, the shaft voltage occurred at armature spindle 8 can be by the potential that is made of rotary angle transmitter 23, brush carrier 5 and contact element 37 Balancing device is eliminated.By electric potential balancing device, armature spindle 8 is continuously located on earth potential, to be produced at armature spindle 8 Life may lead to the high voltage peak of bearing damage.
The brush carrier 5 being shown in FIG. 4 includes the brush 16 to 18 being arranged in line in its shell 15, and brush only exists herein It is visible in the region of its contact surface 40,41 and 22.It is as sliding contact element 19, for exporting the shaft voltage at armature spindle Brush 18 contact surface 22 relative to being moved after other contact surfaces 40,41, accordingly, for the material cost needed for brush 18 than electricity Brush 16,17 is lower.
At shell 15, it is provided with hole 42 at narrow side, is arranged for accommodating visible contact element in figure 3 37.It can be established by contacting ring 43,44 and be electrically connected with brush 16,17.
In embodiment of the present invention variant being shown in FIG. 5, rotary angle transmitter 23 is implemented as so that its connecting shaft 32 It can freely approach, to establish and the contact of brush 18.Here, connecting shaft 32 is configured to grafting axis (Steckachse), circumferential surface Form the sliding surface 35 of the contact surface 22 for brush 18.In this embodiment, in the embodiment of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 Situation is compared, the abrasion smaller in the region of sliding surface 35 and contact surface 22, because there is smaller at sliding surface 35 herein Rotary speed.
Relative to Fig. 5, the another embodiment variant being shown in FIG. 6 is improved as follows, that is, herein in connecting shaft Slip ring 45 is installed, by suitably selected ring material, slip ring can further decrease the mill in the region of sliding contact on 32 Damage.Slip ring 45 can be made of copper alloy and can be fastened in connecting shaft 32 by means of press fitting.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of motor, has:Stator (6) and rotor (7), the rotor windings (14) of the rotor are by can movably be supported on electricity Brush (16,17) in brush holder (5) is powered;And electric potential balancing device, the electric potential balancing device is in armature spindle (8) and the electricity Act on and have at least one sliding contact element (19), the sliding contact element on the one hand sharp between the earth potential of machine (1) It is sticked at the contact being connected with the armature spindle (8) with contact surface (22), it is on the other hand electric with the ground of the motor (1) Gesture is conductively connected, which is characterized in that the sliding contact element (19) of the electric potential balancing device is integrated in the brush carrier (5) in and using the brush carrier contact surface (22) stick on it is at the armature spindle (8) and with the rotor The conductive sliding surface (35) of the rotary angle transmitter (23) that axis (8) rotates together being connected with the potential of the armature spindle (8) Place.
2. motor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sliding contact element (19) is mobile as additional energy The brush (18) of ground bearing is placed in the brush carrier (5).
3. motor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that all brushes (16-18) edge in the brush carrier (5) The armature spindle (8) to arrange with embarking on journey with misplacing in an axial direction.
4. motor according to any one of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that be used for the sliding contact element (19) Sliding surface (35) be the rotary angle transmitter (23) shell (30) cylindrical circumferential surface.
5. motor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that be used for the sliding contact element (19) Sliding surface (35) be the connecting shaft (32) for making the rotary angle transmitter (23) and the armature spindle (8) coaxially be connected week Face.
6. motor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the sliding surface (35) and the sliding The contact surface (22) of contact element (19) sticked at the sliding surface relative to the armature spindle (8) axial direction deviously It is orientated.
7. motor according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that stick on described additional at the sliding surface (35) The brush (18) that can movably support it is vertically prominent from the sliding surface (35).
8. motor according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that coating forms the sliding surface (35), and the coating is opposite There is small friction system in the contact surface (22) of the additional brush (18) that can movably support sticked at the coating Number.
9. motor according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the rotary angle transmitter (23) or with Slip ring (45) is installed, which forms the sliding surface (35) at its connecting shaft being connected (32).
10. the motor according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the sliding surface (35) is closed by copper Gold is made.
CN201510904227.3A 2014-12-09 2015-12-09 Motor with electric potential balancing device Active CN105703549B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014225216.4 2014-12-09
DE102014225216.4A DE102014225216B4 (en) 2014-12-09 2014-12-09 Electrical machine with an equipotential bonding device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105703549A CN105703549A (en) 2016-06-22
CN105703549B true CN105703549B (en) 2018-10-16

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CN (1) CN105703549B (en)
DE (1) DE102014225216B4 (en)
FR (1) FR3029705B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3067884B1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2019-07-05 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur BROOM HOLDER FOR ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE

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US6107704A (en) * 1996-12-12 2000-08-22 Dr. Fritz Faulhaber Gmbh & Co., Kg Microelectric motor
CN2556824Y (en) * 2002-07-09 2003-06-18 永济电机厂 Ground brush device
CN202178665U (en) * 2011-09-01 2012-03-28 桂林电器科学研究院 Current eliminating device of motor shaft

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CH663697A5 (en) 1984-04-17 1987-12-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Arrangement for dissipating shaft voltages
FR2807889B1 (en) 2000-04-14 2002-07-19 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur ALTERNATOR COMPRISING MEANS FOR SUPPRESSING THE STATIC ELECTRICITY ACCUMULATED ON ITS ROTOR
DE20007714U1 (en) * 2000-05-01 2001-09-13 Rasch, Jürgen, 47877 Willich Device for protecting the position of a dynamoelectric machine
JP2003319616A (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-07 Yuji Akiyama Semiconductor control motor with mechanical sensor
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DE202007008490U1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2007-08-23 CHI HUA FITNESS CO., LTD., Yangmei Threaded construction for grounding an axis of an electric motor
JP5276695B2 (en) * 2011-05-19 2013-08-28 三菱電機株式会社 Rotating electric machine for vehicles
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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4788497A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-11-29 Konica Apparatus for measuring motor rotation position and speed
US6107704A (en) * 1996-12-12 2000-08-22 Dr. Fritz Faulhaber Gmbh & Co., Kg Microelectric motor
CN2556824Y (en) * 2002-07-09 2003-06-18 永济电机厂 Ground brush device
CN202178665U (en) * 2011-09-01 2012-03-28 桂林电器科学研究院 Current eliminating device of motor shaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014225216A1 (en) 2016-06-09
DE102014225216B4 (en) 2023-08-17
FR3029705B1 (en) 2018-09-28
FR3029705A1 (en) 2016-06-10
CN105703549A (en) 2016-06-22

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