CN105703423A - Charging control method, charging equipment, and charging system - Google Patents
Charging control method, charging equipment, and charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105703423A CN105703423A CN201610044854.9A CN201610044854A CN105703423A CN 105703423 A CN105703423 A CN 105703423A CN 201610044854 A CN201610044854 A CN 201610044854A CN 105703423 A CN105703423 A CN 105703423A
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- H02J7/0027—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a charging control method, charging equipment, and a charging system. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a voltage value of a rechargeable battery of an electronic terminal, and judging whether the voltage value is within a first preset voltage range or not: transmitting a first control signal if the voltage value is within the first preset voltage range; setting a first output voltage according to the control signal, and starting a first charging module for charging the battery; outputting the control signal through obtaining the voltage value of the rechargeable battery, and controlling the first charging module to start for charging the battery, thereby achieving the charging control according to the actual voltage condition of the rechargeable battery, and guaranteeing the high efficiency and safety of a charging process. Furthermore, the method can monitor the current output voltage and current output current of charging equipment and the input current and voltage of the electronic terminal through the communication between the charging equipment and the electronic terminal, controls the quick setting, and further improves the speed and safety of quick charging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rapid nitriding field, particularly relate to a kind of charge control method, charger and charging system。
Background technology
Along with portable electronic piece terminal, particularly the lifting of smart electronics terminal configuration, also increasing to the consumption of electricity。In recent years, under same volume, battery capacity lift technique runs into bottleneck, can not meet the continuation of the journey requirement of intelligent and portable electric terminal, result that the charge frequency of portable electronic piece terminal is frequent all the more, the increase of charging times causes spending the time in charging also more and more longer, has badly influenced Consumer's Experience。
As it is shown in figure 1, be the block diagram of the exemplary charge environment of electric terminal in prior art。This environment includes charger 10, and this charger 10 can provide charging current via charging out connector 11。Charger 10 can have attaching plug 13 to obtain the electric power from conventional electric power socket, and use general components (not shown), so that alternating current (AC) to convert to the unidirectional current (DC) of predetermined voltage, this predetermined voltage is applicable to via normal cable 20, electric terminal 30 is charged。
In another kind of prior art, attaching plug 13 can be attached to the conventional D/C power plug (not shown) of general components (not shown), and DC electric current and the voltage of entrance are transformed into the suitable DC electric current for electric terminal 30 is charged and voltage by this general components。
In another prior art, charger 10 can include battery 12, and this battery 12 for providing charging current when not having operable AC power supplies or charger 10 not to include attaching plug。The example of charger 10 includes: output is within 100W, output voltage, at the charger of below 20V, includes but not limited to charger for mobile phone/equipment, pocket computer charger/equipment, USB interface charger/equipment, desk computer and portable computer etc.。
The charging out connector 11 of charger 10 is connected to one end of cable 20 via the adapter 21 of compatible type。The other end of cable 20 is connected to the adapter 31 of electric terminal 30 via the adapter 22 of compatible type。When being coupled to charger 10 and electric terminal 30 when cable 20, the adapter 11 of charger 10 will appear as the charging output port to electric terminal 30。The interface of electric terminal 30 will appear as charging input end mouth。
In another prior art, the adapter 21 of cable 20 and the adapter 11 of charger 10 are combined into the adapter that cannot split from charger 10。
Electric terminal 30 is able to receive any portable set of charging current via adapter 31, and the battery 32 being coupled to electric terminal 30 in electric terminal 30 is charged。Some examples of electric terminal 30 include just mobile phone, hand portable phone, mp3/mp4 player, notebook computer, intelligent watch, Intelligent bracelet, panel computer and personal gaming machine etc.。
In order to shorten the charging interval, need to use bigger charging current that battery is charged, electric current from the charged cable transmission of charger to portable electronic piece terminal procedures can sequentially pass through charger, charge cable, portable electronic piece terminal inner charging circuit and some adapters, finally just arrive rechargeable battery, all there is the resistance can not ignore in these positions, by formula P=I2* R, electric current increases by 3 times, and caloric value can increase 9 times, and loss can increase by 9 times。
The first rapid nitriding existing: bigger power is input to portable electronic piece terminal through charge cable by the mode of increasing output electric current within the unit interval and charges the battery by charger, is called for short low pressure and fills soon。Low pressure is filled soon needs overstriking cable and cabling conductor cross-sectional area, increase adapter golden finger quantity and thickening Gold plated Layer, mode reduce cable, cabling and adapter power attenuation, when using the portable electronic piece terminal charge of this type of technology cable impedance is very sensitive, special Low ESR cable must be used just to carry out quick charge, if changing general USB cable, can not safety carry out quick charge。
Existing the second rapid nitriding: bigger power is input to portable electronic piece terminal through charge cable by the mode of boosted output voltages within the unit interval and charges the battery by charger, is called for short high pressure and fills soon。High pressure fills needs soon increases direct current pressue device in portable electronic piece terminal, commonly uses inductance charge and discharge system at present to do DC decompression。It is 90% that the technology typical transformation efficiency of DC decompression is done in inductance discharge and recharge。The power of charger output 24W, the power in inductance discharge and recharge DC decompression unit loss is 2.4W。
It addition, the first prior art uses is individually positioned in the single-chip microcomputer in charger and ditch messenger that mode even is transmitted between charger and portable electronic piece terminal by the input/output interface of single-chip microcomputer that is placed in portable electronic piece terminal。The low level noise margin of its interface and level noise margin are not enough, and when cable IRdrop is more than time to a certain degree, the communication between portable electronic piece terminal and charger can not stably carry out。
Second prior art is passed through to complete the unidirectional communication to charger in the way of certain rule big electric current small area analysis alternately takes out electricity at electric terminal end, first shortcoming be can only portable electronic piece terminal to charger one-way communication, portable electronic piece terminal cannot be sent signal by charger, the instruction that second shortcoming is transmission is limited, the intensive adjustment of charger output voltage can not be realized, second shortcoming is that in transmitting procedure, charging current inevitably reduces, and extends the charging interval。
3rd prior art is alternately changed the level of the first holding wire and secondary signal line and realizes portable electronic piece terminal to charger communication by portable electronic piece terminal, first shortcoming be can only portable electronic piece terminal to charger one-way communication, portable electronic piece terminal cannot be sent signal by charger, the instruction that second shortcoming is transmission is limited, it is impossible to realize the intensive adjustment of charger output voltage。
As shown in Figure 2, it it is the annexation schematic diagram of the charging environment of Fig. 1, in a general electronic terminal charge behavior: charger 10 exports electric current and flows through the supply pin of charge cable adapter 21 via adapter 11 supply pin, through the power line stream of charge cable to the supply pin of adapter 22, then flow into the supply pin of electronic terminal charge input connector 31, after flowing through electronic terminal charge input circuit circuit and battery core, it is coupled to the lower margin of charging input connector 31, again via the lower margin of charge cable adapter 22, the ground wire of charge cable, the lower margin of the adapter 21 of charge cable, return to the lower margin of the charging out connector 11 of charger 10。In this loop, pass sequentially through power cable and adapter series equivalent resistance RS121, RS201, RS231；Electric terminal internal cabling series equivalent resistance Rpcb1, Rpcb2, battery core equivalent resistance Rcell；Ground cable and adapter series equivalent resistance RS232, RS202, RS122。
Above-mentioned prior art at least exists techniques below problem:
1, communication stability problem
When electric terminal 30 is charged by charger 10 via cable 20, electric current passes sequentially through power line and adapter series equivalent resistance RS121, RS201, RS231, electronic terminal charge line equivalent resistance Rpcb1, Rpcb2；Then pass sequentially through ground wire and adapter series equivalent resistance RS232, RS202, RS122 return to charger 10。Being designed to the power source path series equivalent resistance Rhp=RS121+RS201+RS231+Rpcb1 that high pressure fills soon be designed to 150mR, earth-return series equivalent resistance Rhg=Rpcb2+RS232+RS202+RS122 and be designed to 150mR, design maximum charging current is Imax=3A, then earth-return pressure drop is Δ Vgnd=Rgnd*Imax=0.45V。
Being designed to charger that low pressure fills soon and be designed to 60mR to the cable earth-return series equivalent resistance Rhg=Rpcb2+RS232+RS202+RS12 of electric terminal, design maximum charging current is Imax=6A, then earth-return initial drop is Δ Vgnd=Rgnd*Imax=0.36V。After there is abrasion, oxidation, deformation along with the increase connector pin of cable grafting number of times, in earth-return, RS122 and RS232 increases 20mR, then earth-return series equivalent resistance is increased to 60mR+20mR=80mR. now earth-return initial drop is Δ Vgnd=Rgnd*Imax=6A*0.08r=0.48V。
The low level tolerance limit that prior art places, at charger end and electric terminal end, its input/output port of single-chip microcomputer that running voltage is 3.3V respectively is 0～0.4V；High level tolerance limit is (VDD-0.4V)～VDD, and as VDD is received 3.3V, then high level tolerance limit is 2.9～3.3V, and the input/output port of two single-chip microcomputers is directly connected to be used as in charging process the physical media of communication。
When electric terminal end sends signal, during the charger termination collection of letters: being placed on the single chip communication delivery outlet output level 0V of electric terminal end, the voltage of the single chip communication input port arriving charger end is 0V+ Δ Vgnd=0.48V；Being placed on the single chip communication delivery outlet output high level 3.3V of electric terminal end, the voltage of the single-chip microcomputer input port arriving charger end is 3.3V+ Δ Vgnd=3.78V。
When charger end sends signal, during the electric terminal termination collection of letters: being placed on the single chip communication delivery outlet output low level 0V of charger end, the voltage of the single chip communication input port arriving charger end is 0V-Δ Vgnd=-0.48V；Being placed on the single chip communication delivery outlet output high level 3.3V of charger end, the voltage of the single-chip microcomputer input port arriving electric terminal end is 3.3V-Δ Vgnd=2.82V。
As can be seen here, whether high pressure is used to fill soon or use low pressure to fill soon, when charging current is relatively big or grafting number of times increases to a certain degree, the single-chip microcomputer being positioned over charger end and the single chip communication level being positioned in electric terminal are beyond its normal tolerance scope, and communication can not stably carry out。
2, the big efficiency of transmission of cable power attenuation low problem when low pressure is filled soon
It is configured with low pressure at present and fills the charge circuit impedance of the charger of technology, charge cable and electric terminal soon
Rh=(RS121+RS201+RS231+Rpcb1+Rcell+Rpcb2+RS232+RS202+RS122)
Being controlled near 120mR, when by 4.5A unidirectional current, its power attenuation is by formula P=I2* R calculates cable waste P2=2.43W。When battery reaches typical ceiling voltage 4.35V, P=I*V calculating the power being input to battery is P1=19.57W, therefore most high-transmission efficiency is η=P2/(P1+P2)=88%；
When battery is the minimum voltage 3V that typical case can fill soon, P=I*V calculate the power P being input to battery1=13.5W, therefore minimum efficiency of transmission is η=P1/ (P1+P2)=84%, therefore cable average transmission efficiency is 86%
3, low pressure is filled soon and cable impedance is required height, charge cable poor universality problem
For a typical Universal USB cable, its impedance loop Rh is designed to 250mR, and the resistance of adapter loop is designed to 40mR。Support that as used this cable to connect low pressure is filled the charger of technology and electric terminal soon and battery is charged, then the power attenuation of cable is by P=I2* R is calculated as 5.06W, MicroUSB or typeC connector position power attenuation equally by P=I2* R is calculated as 0.81W。Total-power loss is 5.87W, and same method calculates cable average efficiency and is only 73.3%。The degree that cable transmission efficiency has been unacceptably low。Simultaneously as there is the power attenuation of 5.06W on cable, its heating is also considerable, more has, and owing to MicroUSB or TypeC connector position area is only small, heat-sinking capability is also only small, and 0.81W is enough to cause the temperature rise of potential safety hazard。
It addition, the pressure drop Δ V=I*R on cable is calculated as 1.305V。And the charger nominal maximum output voltage that currently used low pressure fills technology soon is 5V, it is impossible to the continuous current of 4.5A, typical battery is charged to CV (4.35V) point。As wanted typical quickly charging battery to CV (4.35V) point, only considering cable and MicroUSB or TypeC connector loss, charger output voltage at least to ensure 4.35+1.305V=5.66V。
4, low pressure is filled charge connector impedance variation sensitive soon, charge cable short problem in service life
The connector contact impedance loop that low pressure is filled soon is designed to 20mR, and initial power loss is by P=I2* R is calculated as 0.405W。Along with the increase of plug number of times, connector contact position contact pin weares and teares, and oxidation is dirty, after deformation, when adapter impedance loop increases to 40mR, and P=I2* R power attenuation is 0.81W, and owing to MICRO connector position metallic area is only small, heat-sinking capability is poor, and power attenuation reaches 0.81W and alreadys more than preset security value, and this cable can not continue on for low pressure and fill soon。
5, the big problem of existing high-voltage charging technology mobile phone terminal heating
Prior art commonly uses a DC-DC converter unit based on inductance discharge and recharge, or the peak efficiency that current transformation is done in two or more DC-DC converter unit parallel connections based on inductance discharge and recharge is only 90%, the power of charger output 24W, the power in inductance discharge and recharge DC decompression unit loss is 2.4W。Being 15 DEG C for the temperature rise representative value that the power attenuation of common 5.5 cun of smart mobile phone: 2.4W causes, the typical loss 2W of external battery and interior of mobile phone charging circuit, temperature rise representative value is 12.5 DEG C。Mobile phone temperature rise can reach 27.5 DEG C。For ambient temperature for 25 DEG C, mobile phone temp is 25+27.5=52.5 DEG C, it is affect user's degree of being held by hand comfortably that mobile phone temp arrives 52.5 DEG C of direct results brought, serious consequence is to expand after battery high-temperature large current charge or blast, it is use temperature sensor detection mobile phone temp that existing high pressure fills the counte-rplan of technology employing soon, reduces charge power when reaching preset value, it is possible to by temperature rise control in safety range, but extending the charging interval, quick charge speed slows down simultaneously。
It addition, the fast charge method of prior art, state according to battery charging current, voltage etc. can not be adjusted well so that charging process exists certain risk。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is in that, it is provided that a kind of can carry out the control method of quick charge according to rechargeable battery state, for the charger of this charge control method and charging system。
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provides a kind of charge control method, comprises the following steps:
Obtain the magnitude of voltage of the rechargeable battery of electric terminal, and judge whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, be send the first control signal；
First output voltage is set according to the first control signal, and opens the first charging module, battery is charged。
Preferably, at the magnitude of voltage of the rechargeable battery obtaining electric terminal, and judge whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, be send in the first control signal, including:
When magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, the battery core temperature of detection rechargeable battery, and judge whether battery core temperature is positioned at preset first temperature scope, it is send the first control signal。
Preferably, the first output voltage is being set according to control signal, and is opening the first charging module, during battery is charged, including:
Electric terminal output first controls signal to charger, and charger arranges the first output voltage according to the first control signal, and exports to electric terminal；
Electric terminal detection input voltage, and judge that input voltage is whether in the voltage range set, it is open the first charging module。
Preferably, arrange in the first output voltage at charger according to the first control signal, including:
The digital logic module of charger receives the first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to DAC depositor；The digital level value of DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, control the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube, and transferred to current signal transfer to limit, source control unit by isolation communication unit, limit, source control unit the first output voltage of charger is regulated according to the first control signal。
Preferably, method also includes:
Electric terminal detection input current and input voltage, when input current reaches cord loop impedance detection preset value, electric terminal arranges charger by communication line and maintains current output voltage, and reads charger current output voltage and currently export electric current；
Judge whether the difference of current output electric current and input current exceedes preset range, be then turn off charger output by communication line；Otherwise, electric terminal calculates cord loop impedance；
Judge whether impedance loop is preset in impedance ranges first, otherwise turn off charger output, be then judge whether impedance loop is preset in impedance ranges second, be, calculate according to impedance loop and obtain maximum charging current IMAX。
Preferably, in reading charger current output voltage and current output electric current, including:
The digital logic module of charger controls switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage detecting resistance R3 left end between controlled transformation output module and the charger connector being connected to charger, and is stored in ADC depositor；Then, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in ADC depositor；When electric terminal reads current output electric current, the first voltage and second voltage of digital logic module reading ADC depositor export to electric terminal, and union is currently exported electric current；Or,
Digital logic module compares the first voltage and the difference of the second voltage, resistance value divided by detection resistance R3, what obtain current charger currently exports electric current, and it is stored in transient state depositor, when electric terminal reads current output electric current, digital logic module reads and currently exports electric current in transient state depositor, and sends to electric terminal；
When measuring current output voltage, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, is connected in parallel on the tertiary voltage between the detection resistance R4 of the outfan of charging out connector and detection resistance R5, and is stored in ADC depositor after measuring series connection；When the current output voltage of charger is read in electric terminal request, digital logic module reads the third voltage value of ADC depositor and is sent to electric terminal；Or,
By third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of charger, and be stored in transient state depositor；When the current output voltage of charger is read in electric terminal request, digital logic module reads the current output voltage value of transient state depositor and is sent to electric terminal。
Preferably, method also includes:
The charging current I of detection input rechargeable batterybat, and the cell voltage V of rechargeable batterybat；Or, the battery core charging current I of the battery core of detection input rechargeable batterycell, and the battery core voltage V of rechargeable batterycell；
As cell voltage Vbat≤Vbatmax-(Δv1+ Δ v) or battery core voltage Vcell≤Vcellmax-(Δv2During+Δ v),
If Ibat≤IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2), then electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, raises the first output voltage；
If IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤IMAX-ΔI1, then electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, maintains the first current output voltage；
If Ibat≥IMAX-ΔI1, then electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, reduces the first current output voltage, until charging current maintains IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤IMAX-ΔI1In scope；
Wherein, Δ V1Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery；
ΔV1Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery core
Δ V is measurement error value；
ΔI1For charging current precision；
ΔI2Threshold value is adjusted for charging current；
VbatmaxMaximum voltage for rechargeable battery；
VcellmaxMaximum voltage for battery core。
Preferably, method also includes:
As cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1, or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2Time, electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, maintains the first current output voltage, exits when filling threshold value soon until charging current is reduced to, closes the first charging module；
As cell voltage Vbatmax-Δv1<Vbat≤VbatmaxOr battery core voltage Vcellmax-Δv2<Vcell≤VcellmaxTime, electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, reduces the first output voltage, until as cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1, or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2, then, maintain the first current output voltage, until charging current is reduced to exit and fills threshold value soon；
As cell voltage Vbat>VbatmaxOr Vcell>VcellmaxTime, electric terminal turns off the first charging module and normal charge unit, stops charging。
The present invention also provides for a kind of charger applying any of the above-described charge control method, controls and detection unit and charging out connector including controlled transformation output module, output；
Output controls to be connected with charging out connector with detection unit, is used for accessing the first control signal, and arranges the first output voltage of controlled transformation output module according to the first control signal。
Preferably, charger also includes current detecting unit and voltage detection unit；
Current detecting unit includes the detection resistance R3 being connected between controlled transformation output module and charging out connector；Voltage detection module is connected in parallel on the detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5 of the outfan of charging out connector after including series connection；
Output controls to include digital logic module, switching switch, DAC depositor, D/A converter module, linear amplification pipe, ADC depositor and analog-to-digital conversion module with detection unit；
Digital logic module receives the first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to DAC depositor；The digital level value of DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, controls the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube, regulates the first output voltage of controlled transformation output module；
Digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage of detection resistance R3 left end, and is stored in ADC depositor；Further, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in ADC depositor；Or, digital logic module compares the first voltage and the difference of the second voltage, and divided by the resistance value of detection resistance R3, what obtain current charger currently exports electric current, and is stored in transient state depositor；
Digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, measures the tertiary voltage between detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5, and is stored in ADC depositor；Or, by third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of charger, and be stored in transient state depositor。
The present invention also provides for a kind of charging system, including electric terminal, with electronic terminal charge and communication connection, the charger of any of the above-described kind；
Electric terminal obtains the magnitude of voltage of its rechargeable battery, and judges whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, is, sends the first control signal；
Charger arranges the first output voltage according to control signal and exports to electric terminal, the electric terminal magnitude of voltage according to the first output voltage, rechargeable battery, opens its first charging module and carries out charging quickly。
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that the magnitude of voltage by obtaining rechargeable battery, export control signal, control the first charging module to open, battery is carried out quick charge, such that it is able to the virtual voltage situation according to rechargeable battery is charged controlling, it is ensured that efficient, the safety of charging process。
Further, the communication of charger and electric terminal can be passed through, the current output voltage of monitoring charger, currently export electric current, the input current of electric terminal and input voltage etc., and then control to fill setting soon, further improve speed and the safety of quick charge。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the charger charging schematic block diagram with electric terminal of prior art；
Fig. 2 is the connection schematic block diagram of the cable of prior art, charger and electric terminal；
Fig. 3 is the schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the electric terminal of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the electric current increase module of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the physical communication codec unit of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the holding wire overvoltage protective unit of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the over-voltage over-current protection unit of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the charger of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the charger of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of the charging method of the present invention。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments。Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention。
As shown in Figure 3; being an embodiment of electric terminal in the charging system of the present invention, it includes charging input connector 301, over-voltage over-current protection unit 302, input voltage and input current detection unit 307, electric current increase module 308, charging control unit 340, physical communication codec unit 313, holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312, adapter temperature detecting unit 306, normal charge unit 309, main control computer Power Management Unit, output voltage current detecting unit 310, battery connector 321, rechargeable battery 320 etc.。It should be understood that each unit, module can increase and decrease as required。
The input of this charging input connector 301 connects charge cable, accessible charge power supply and signal of communication。The power output end of charging input connector 301 connects the power input of over-voltage over-current protection unit 302; the power output end of over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 connects the input voltage and input current detection power input of unit 307, electric current increases the input of module 308 and the power input of normal charge unit 309, for the protection of over-voltage and over-current。
First power output end of normal charge unit 309 connects the power input of master control and Power Management Unit 330；The second source outfan of normal charge unit 309 connects the power input of battery connector 321, is charged for rechargeable battery 320。
Wherein, charging control unit 340 can be single-chip microcomputer or the state machine based on digital logic circuit design。Charging control unit 340 can also be integrated among master control and Power Management Unit 330。Wherein, normal charge unit 309 can be the DCDC DC decompression unit based on inductance discharge and recharge that existing high pressure fills in technology soon, it is also possible to be the existing low pressure on and off switch that fills in technology soon。
Adapter temperature detecting unit 306 is for detecting the temperature of charging input connector 301, it is possible to for conventional positive temperature coefficient element or negative temperature coefficient unit etc., the temperature signal of detection is sent to charging control unit 340 and carries out monitoring temperature control。
Output voltage current detecting unit 310 is arranged between battery connector 321 and charging control unit 340, exports the data such as electric current, cell voltage for detecting the charging exported to rechargeable battery 320, and exports to charging control unit 340。
Holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312 is connected to the rear end of charging input connector 301, is used for protecting communication line。Physical communication codec unit 313 is inserted between holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312 and the charging control unit 340 of charging input connector 301 rear end。
Charging control unit 340 increases unit respectively with physical communication codec unit 313, over-voltage over-current protection unit 302, input voltage and input current detection unit 307, electric current, normal charge unit 309, master control and Power Management Unit 330, output voltage current detecting unit 310, battery connector 321 are connected; and according to accessing the control signal of signal output correspondence, aftermentioned in detail。
As shown in Figure 4, it is the electric current of the present invention theory diagram of an embodiment that increases module 308。This electric current increases module 308 and may be used in the charging of electric terminal battery 320, especially in the filling soon of electric terminal battery 320；Wherein, this fill soon can for meeting existing various quick charge standard, such as OPPOVooc standard, the QC2.0 standard of high pass, PumpExpressPlus standard of MTK etc., it is of course also possible to meet other quick charge standards。In the present embodiment, this electric current increases module 308 and is arranged on electric terminal, and certainly, electric current increases module and can also be configured to as required in electric terminal battery or in charger。
This electric current increases module 308 and includes conversion electric capacity Cfly, output capacitor Cout, switching switches set and switch control unit。Further, in the present embodiment, it is additionally provided with input end capacitor Cin, first end of input end capacitor Cin is connected to charge power supply input, the second end ground connection, it is used as a low internal resistance Buffer Pool, ensures stablizing of input voltage when changing electric capacity Cfly and output capacitor Cout and periodically taking out load；It is of course also possible to select other voltage-stabilizing device as required or need to omit input end capacitor according to design。
First end of this output capacitor Cout is connected to charge power supply outfan, the second end ground connection；Conversion electric capacity Cfly is connected between charge power supply input and output capacitor Cout by switching switches set, forms the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit。Wherein, the first charging circuit is the charging circuit that the input voltage that charge power supply input accesses arrives output capacitor Cout through conversion electric capacity Cfly；Second charging circuit is disconnect input voltage that charge power supply input accesses and change the output of electric capacity Cfly and be added to the charging circuit of output of output capacitor Cout；
Switch control unit is connected with switching switches set, controls switching switches set according to the control signal accessed and switches between the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit。
In the present embodiment, switching switches set includes the first on and off switch SW1, second source switch SW2, the 3rd on and off switch SW3 and the 4th on and off switch SW4。Switch control unit includes forward buffer Buf1, reverse buffer Buf2。
Charge power supply input is connected with the power input of first end of input end capacitor Cin, the first on and off switch SW1, and the power output end of the first on and off switch SW1 connects first end of conversion electric capacity Cfly and the power input of the 4th on and off switch SW4；Second end of conversion electric capacity Cfly connects the power input of second source switch SW2 and the power input of the 3rd on and off switch SW3；The power output end ground connection of second source switch SW2。The power output end of the 4th on and off switch SW4 connects the power output end of the 3rd on and off switch SW3, is then attached to output capacitor Cout。
The control input of the first on and off switch SW1 and the 3rd on and off switch SW3 is connected to forward buffer Buf1Outfan；The control input of second source switch SW2 and the 4th on and off switch SW4 is connected to reverse buffer Buf2Outfan。
Forward buffer Buf1Input and reverse buffer Buf2Input be connected to control input together, such as the input end of clock of charging control unit 340；In the present embodiment, the control signal of access is the clock source signals of charging control unit 340 output；Certainly, control signal can also adopt other form。
When clock source clk is in rising edge, clk-Output low level, second source switch SW2 and the 4th on and off switch SW4 turns off, and closes the first on and off switch SW1 and the three on and off switch SW3；Clk+Output high level, the first on and off switch SW1 and the 3rd on and off switch SW3 conducting, connect the first charging circuit, charge power supply Vin is from power input through conversion electric capacity Cfly, and the 3rd on and off switch SW3 arrives output capacitor Cout；
When clock source clk is in trailing edge, clk+Output low level, the first on and off switch SW1 and the 3rd on and off switch SW3 turn off；Clk-Output high level, second source switch SW2 and the 4th on and off switch SW4 conducting, connect the second charging circuit, the electric charge on conversion electric capacity Cfly switchs SW2 and the 4th on and off switch SW4 through second source and is added on output capacitor Cout。
In the present embodiment, it is 50% that clock source signals clk is configured to dutycycle, and makes the discharge and recharge time changing electric capacity Cfly equal with the discharge and recharge time of output capacitor Cout。By formula i=C*dv/dt, when conversion electric capacity Cfly is equal with output capacitor Cout capacitance, when clk dutycycle is 50%, output voltage Vout, namely the voltage on output capacitor Cout is equal with the voltage of Cfly, is 1/2Vin。By formula P=V*I, output electric current Iout is the twice of input current Iin。It should be understood that the dutycycle of conversion electric capacity and the capacitance of output capacitor, clock source signals, it is possible to it is adjusted according to actual needs。
And after installing above-mentioned electric current increase module 308 on electric terminal, cable input current has only to the 1/2 of conventional low charging quickly stream, therefore cable transmission electric current is 4.5A/2=2.25A。By P=I2* R calculates cable power attenuation is 0.61W, and it is 96.4% that same way calculates average transmission efficiency, and cable transmission efficiency improves 10%。
It addition, in an identical typical quick charge behavior, the power attenuation of cable is greatly reduced, and efficiency of transmission is increased dramatically, greatly reduce cable heating。
Further, since cable maximum transmitted current reduction half, for 2.25A。It is 1.27W that method same as the prior art calculates cable waste, and adapter power attenuation is 0.2W, and average transmission efficiency is 91.6%。Relatively more visible, same typical USB charge cable, efficiency of transmission improves 18%。Lower power consumption 4.4W, directly reduces 4 times。The level of heat generation that cable waste and connector loss cause is low to using safely completely。
The power attenuation of connector position is only and is used in existing low pressure and fills 1/4th in putting soon。By R=P/I2, when adapter impedance loop to increase to 160mR, power attenuation can be only achieved 0.81W。As can be seen here, charge cable is used in the charging of electric terminal of the present invention, and connect-disconnect life will increase significantly。
As shown in Figure 6, it is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312 of the present invention。This holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312 includes at least one NMOS tube being inserted between holding wire and the physical communication codec unit 313 of charging input connector 301。In the present embodiment, this NMOS tube is enhancement mode NMOS。Understandable, it is also possible to adopt other over-voltage protectors to realize the overvoltage protection of circuit。
The holding wire of charging input connector 301 connects the drain (D) of NMOS, the source class (S) of NMOS connects the holding wire input of physical communication codec unit 313, and the grid (G) of NMOS connects line voltage signal territory (such as 3.3V)。
When charge connector or charge cable occur owing to certain is abnormal, when causing signal cable and charge cable short circuit, drain electrode (D) voltage of NMOS is increased to more than communications cable voltage domain, owing to NMOS gate (G) has received communications cable voltage domain, it is possible to guarantee that source class (S) voltage is not higher than communications cable voltage domain all the time。Play the effect of protection physical communication codec unit 313 and other internal circuits。
As it is shown in figure 5, be the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the physical communication codec unit 313 of the present invention。Being provided with communication line between the charging control unit 340 and charging input connector 301 of electric terminal, physical communication codec unit 313 is arranged on communication line, and for improving the level noise margin of the signal of communication that charging input connector 301 accesses。
In the present embodiment, this physical communications units includes comparison amplifier, is inserted between holding wire overvoltage protective unit 312 and the charging control unit 340 of electronic terminal charge input connector 301 rear end。
The positive input of comparison amplifier is connected with the input of communication line, the power end of comparison amplifier is connected with working power VCC, the reverse input end of comparison amplifier is pulled upward to working power VCC by pull-up resistor R1, the power supply ground GND of electric terminal is pulled down to by pull down resistor R2, the earth terminal of comparison amplifier receives power supply ground GND, and the signal input part of charging control unit 340 received by the outfan of comparison amplifier。
In the present embodiment, it is that pull-up resistor R1 is equal that pull down resistor R2 is configured to resistance, and when working power VCC is 3.3V, the datum of comparator reverse input end is 1.65V。When inputting signal lower than 1.65V, comparison amplifier output low level, when input signal is higher than 1.65V, comparison amplifier output high level。After communication line inserts physical communication codec unit 313, level noise margin is extended to 1.65V, compares the noise margin of existing single-chip microcomputer 0.4V, improves 4.1 times。
It should be understood that the resistance of pull-up resistor R1 and pull down resistor R2 can need to be adjusted according to the requirement of different noise margins。
As it is shown in fig. 7, be the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 of the present invention。This over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 includes protection digital logic module, drives module, protection on and off switch and window comparator。This protection digital logic module is connected with driving module, window comparator, charging control unit 340; for according to electric current and the voltage by protecting on and off switch; output switch control signal is to driving module, and the opening and closing switched by driving module control and protection power supply。
When protection digital logic module perceives input voltage higher than ref setting value; by driving module control and protection power supply switch OFF; the power input of over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 and power output end disconnect, and play the effect of the circuit that protection is connected with power output end。
Two inputs of this window comparator cmp1 connect input and the outfan of protection on and off switch SW1 respectively; the window threshold end of window comparator cmp1 arranges end control2 and is connected to charging control unit 340; for setting overcurrent protection thresholding, the outfan of window comparator cmp1 connects protection digital logic module。By protecting the electric current of on and off switch to exceed preset value, notice protection digital logic module drives module control and protection power supply switch OFF。
Further, connecting the input of the second protection on and off switch SW2 at protection on and off switch SW1 outfan, the power output end ground connection of the second protection on and off switch SW2, control input connect protection digital logic module。
After charging control unit 340 controls input setting over-current protection point by the second of over-voltage over-current protection unit 302, when by protecting the electric current of on and off switch SW1 to exceed preset value, by formula Δ V=(Vin-Vout)/Rsw1, during the voltage difference delta V that window comparator cmp1 is sensed by its first input end and the second input, notice protection digital logic module notice metal-oxide-semiconductor drives module control and protection power supply switch SW1 to turn off, and then controls the second protection on and off switch SW2 conducting。While over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 power input and power output end are disconnected; the residual amount of energy being accumulated in the first-class effect electric capacity of over-voltage over-current protection unit 302 outfan circuit storage protects on and off switch SW2 to be released to ground through second, plays protection late-class circuit not by the effect of overcurrent damage。
Further, electric terminal can also arrange input voltage and input current detection unit 307, output voltage current detecting unit 310 etc.。Input voltage and input current detection unit 307 is connected with charging input connector 301, charging control unit 340 and is used for detecting input current and input voltage output to charging control unit 340, for subsequent control use。
Output voltage current detecting unit 310 is connected with the rechargeable battery 320 of electric terminal, charging control unit 340, is used for detecting the charging current of rechargeable battery 320 and cell voltage and exporting to charging control unit 340, uses for subsequent control。
Further, rechargeable battery 320 can pass through battery connector 321 and access output charging current, is charged。This rechargeable battery 320 can also include battery core 323, voltage x current internal resistance detection unit 324, over-voltage and over-current under-voltage protection unit 325, battery temperature detection unit 322 etc.; and exported to charging control unit 340 by the battery connector 321 electric current of battery core by detection and voltage signal, use for subsequent control。
As shown in Figure 8, it is the schematic block diagram of a specific embodiment of charger of the present invention。This charger includes controlled transformation output module, output controls and detection unit 130, charging out connector 101, current detecting unit 112, voltage detection unit 113, physical communication codec unit 114 and holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115 etc.。
Output controls to be connected with charging out connector 101 with detection unit 130, is used for accessing the first control signal, and arranges the first output voltage of controlled transformation output module according to the first control signal。
Output controls to be provided with communication line between detection unit 130 and charging out connector 101, and physical communication codec unit 114 is arranged on communication line, and the level noise margin of the signal of communication accessed for the out connector 101 that charges。
In the present embodiment, this controlled transformation output module includes AC rectification filtering unit 108, limit, source control unit 107, transformer unit 106, secondary control unit 120, output switch 105, DC rectification unit 111, isolation communication unit 110 etc.。
This charger can pass through AC plug 109 and access charge power supply。The power input of this AC plug can connect 90V-265V alternating current, the power output end of AC plug 109 connects the power input of AC rectification filtering unit 108, and the power output end of AC rectification filtering unit 108 connects the high voltage input terminal of limit, source control unit 107 and transformer unit 106。The low pressure cathode output end of transformer unit 106 connects the power input of output switch 105, the power output end of output switch 105 connects the supply pin of charging out connector 101, the low pressure cathode output end of transformer unit 106 connects the power input of DC rectification unit 111, the power output end of DC rectification unit 111 connects the lower margin of charging out connector 101, inserts electric capacity of voltage regulation 102 between supply pin and the lower margin of charging out connector 101。
Further, it is possible to be placed around adapter temperature detecting unit 104 at charging out connector 101, for detecting the temperature near charging out connector 101, and temperature signal is sent to output control and detection unit 130, it is achieved temperature protection。
Secondary control unit 120 is configured to control DC rectification unit 111 and the pulse power of transformer low voltage outfan is shaped as DC source。The supply pin of secondary control unit 120 is connected to the low pressure cathode output end of transformer unit 106。First detection foot of secondary control unit 120 is connected to the power input of DC rectification unit 111, second detection foot of secondary control unit 120 is connected to the power output end of DC rectification unit 111, the first of secondary control unit 120 controls output pin and is connected to the control input of DC rectification unit 111, and the second of secondary control unit 120 controls output pin and be connected to the signal input part of output control and detection unit 130。
In the present embodiment, current detecting unit 112 includes detection resistance R3, is inserted between DC rectification unit 111 and charging out connector 101, is configured to the output electric current of perception charger。The power output end of DC rectification unit 111 connects current detecting unit 112 power input, and the power output end of current detecting unit 112 connects the lower margin of charging out connector 101。
Voltage detection unit 113 includes the detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5 of series connection, is inserted between supply pin and the lower margin of charging out connector 101, is configured to the output voltage of perception charger。The supply pin of voltage detection unit 113 connects the supply pin of charging out connector 101, and the lower margin of voltage detection unit 113 connects the lower margin of charging out connector 101。
The signal input part of holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115 is connected to the signal pins of charging out connector 101, and the signal output part of holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115 is connected to the signal input part of physical communication codec unit 114。It should be understood that this holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115, physical communication codec unit 114 can adopt structure as shown in Figure 5,6, therefore not to repeat here。
Output controls second with detection unit 130 and the 3rd signal input part is connected power input and the power output end of current detecting unit 112 respectively, is used for detecting charger and exports electric current。Output controls to be connected the signal output part of voltage detection unit 113 with the 4th signal input part of detection unit 130, for detecting the output voltage of charger。Output controls to be connected the signal output part of temperature detecting unit 104 with the 5th signal input part of detection unit 130, for detecting the temperature of charging out connector 101。
Output controls to be connected the signal input part of isolation communication unit 110 with the first control output end of detection unit 130, for performing charger output voltage regulatory function, output controls defeated with the second of detection unit 130 to control end and is connected output switch 105, is used for the break-make controlling transformer unit 106 low pressure cathode output end and charging between out connector 101 supply pin。
Output controls to be connected the signal output part of physical communication codec unit 114 with the first signal input part of detection unit 130。The signal input part of physical communication codec unit 114 and output control to be connected the input of holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115 with the first signal output part of detection unit 130, and the outfan of holding wire overvoltage protective unit 115 is connected respectively to first communications cable and the second communication cable of charging out connector 101。
As shown in Figure 9, it is that output controls and the schematic diagram of an embodiment of detection unit 130, linear amplification pipe Q1, ADC depositor of identical function and the analog-to-digital conversion module etc. such as including digital logic module DIG1, DAC depositor 1, D/A converter module, NPN。
The voltage adjusted will be needed to be converted to DAC digital level and be stored to DAC depositor 1 when digital logic module DIG1 receives voltage-regulation instruction from input foot, the digital level value of DAC depositor 1 output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, control the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube Q1, and then control the light emitting diode of isolation communication unit 110 (linear optical coupling), the light sensitive diode of isolation communication unit 110 by the light received and transfers current signal transfer to limit, source control unit 107, limit, source control unit 107 regulates charger output voltage according to instruction。
Further, switching switch SW11 and Series detectors resistance R3 and detection resistance R4, R5 in parallel by digital logic module DIG1, ADC depositor 1～3, analog-to-digital conversion module and SP3T constitute output voltage, output electric current measure path。
When measuring output electric current, digital logic module DIG1 is quickly switched into the first stitch by SW2 foot control system switching switch SW11, measures the first voltage of detection resistance R3 left end, and is stored in ADC depositor 1；Then, digital logic module DIG1 is quickly switched into the second stitch by SW2 foot control system switching switch SW11, measures the second voltage of detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in ADC depositor 2。When electric terminal reads the current output electric current of charger by the request of input foot, first magnitude of voltage of ADC depositor 1-2, the second magnitude of voltage are sent to electric terminal by output foot by digital logic module DIG1, and electric terminal end currently exports electric current by what the value computing of ADC depositor 1-2 received obtained charger。Implement in example at another, digital logic module DIG1 compares the difference of the current stored value of the first voltage of ADC depositor 1 and the second voltage of ADC depositor 2, then divided by the resistance value of Series detectors resistance R3, what obtain current charger currently exports electric current, and is stored in transient state depositor 1 (not shown)。When electric terminal reads output current of charger by the request of input foot, the value of transient state depositor 1 (not shown) is sent to electric terminal by output foot by digital logic module DIG1。
When measuring output voltage, digital logic module DIG1 is quickly switched into the 3rd stitch by SW2 foot control system switching switch SW11, measures parallel connection detection tertiary voltage between resistance R4, R5, and is stored in ADC depositor 3。When electric terminal reads the current output voltage of charger by the request of input foot, the third voltage value of ADC depositor 3 is sent to electric terminal by output foot by digital logic module DIG1。Implementing in example at another, digital logic module DIG1, by third voltage value * (the R4+R5)/R5 of ADC depositor 3, obtains the current output voltage of current charger, and is stored in transient state depositor 2 (not shown)。When electric terminal reads charger output voltage by the request of input foot, the current voltage value of transient state depositor is sent to electric terminal by output foot by digital logic module DIG1。
In the charging system of the present invention, it is possible to include electric terminal and the charger of above-mentioned any embodiment。Can being charged between electric terminal and charger, communicate to connect, electric terminal obtains the magnitude of voltage of its rechargeable battery 320, and judges whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, is, sends the first control signal；Charger arranges the first output voltage according to control signal and exports to electric terminal, the electric terminal magnitude of voltage according to the first output voltage, rechargeable battery 320, opens its first charging module and carries out quick charge。
In the present embodiment, this first control signal for fill soon control signal, the first output voltage for filling output voltage soon, first voltage range be charging quickly pressure scope, the first charging module be quick charge module, all meet existing various quick charge standard, such as OPPOVooc standard, the QC2.0 standard of high pass, PumpExpressPlus standard of MTK etc., it is of course also possible to meet other quick charge standards。
It should be understood that above-mentioned each module, unit can be combined application according to actual needs, in one embodiment of the invention, charger includes controlled transformation output module, output controls and detection unit and charging out connector；Output controls to be connected with charging out connector with detection unit, is used for accessing the first control signal, and arranges the first output voltage of controlled transformation output module according to the first control signal。
In another embodiment, charger also includes current detecting unit and voltage detection unit。Current detecting unit includes the detection resistance R3 being connected between controlled transformation output module and charging out connector；Voltage detection module is connected in parallel on the detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5 of the outfan of charging out connector after including series connection；
Output controls to include digital logic module, switching switch, DAC depositor, D/A converter module, linear amplification pipe, ADC depositor and analog-to-digital conversion module with detection unit；
Digital logic module receives the first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to DAC depositor；The digital level value of DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, controls the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube, regulates the first output voltage of controlled transformation output module；
Digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage of detection resistance R3 left end, and is stored in ADC depositor；Further, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in ADC depositor；Or, digital logic module compares the first voltage and the difference of the second voltage, and divided by the resistance value of detection resistance R3, what obtain current charger currently exports electric current, and is stored in transient state depositor；
Digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, measures the tertiary voltage between detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5, and is stored in ADC depositor；Or, by third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of charger, and be stored in transient state depositor。
In the charging system of the present invention, including the charger that electric terminal and electronic terminal charge machine communicate to connect。Electric terminal obtains the magnitude of voltage of its rechargeable battery, and judges whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, is, sends the first control signal；Charger arranges the first output voltage according to control signal and exports to electric terminal, the electric terminal magnitude of voltage according to the first output voltage, rechargeable battery, opens its first charging module and carries out quick charge。It should be understood that this electric terminal, charger can select in above-mentioned each unit and module as required one or more, be combined into electric terminal and the charger of different demand。
As shown in Figure 10, it is the schematic flow sheet of one embodiment of charge control method of the present invention。In this charge control method, obtain the magnitude of voltage of the rechargeable battery 320 of electric terminal, and judge whether magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, be send the first control signal；First output voltage is set according to control signal, and opens the first charging module, battery 320 is carried out quick charge。
Concrete, when charger 100 is connected to electric terminal 300 by charge cable 200, charging control unit 340 reads the magnitude of voltage of rechargeable battery 320 by output voltage current detecting unit 310, and judges whether this magnitude of voltage is positioned at and fill predetermined voltage range soon；Further, charging control unit 340 detects battery core temperature by battery temperature detection unit 322, and judges whether this battery core temperature is positioned at when filling preset temperature range soon, is send the first control signal。
After successful matching, the charging control unit 340 of electric terminal sends the first control signal by communication line, informs that charger adjusts output voltage。The digital logic module of charger receives the first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to DAC depositor；The digital level value of DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, control the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube, and transferred to current signal transfer to limit, source control unit 107 by isolation communication unit 110, limit, source control unit 107 the first output voltage of charger is regulated according to the first control signal。
Charging control unit 340 detects input voltage by input voltage and input current detection unit 307 simultaneously, and judges that input voltage is whether in the voltage range set。When the difference of the input voltage that input voltage and input current detection unit 307 detects and cell voltage is in preset range, electronic terminal charge control unit 340 controls electric current increase module 308 and opens。
Further, in the present embodiment, the method also includes cord loop impedance and Power leakage detecting step:
The charging control unit 340 of electric terminal controls charger by communication line and promotes output voltage, and charging control unit 340 detects input current I by input voltage and input current detection unit 307 simultaneouslyINWith input voltage VIN。When input current reaches cord loop impedance detection preset value, electronic terminal charge control unit 340 arranges charger by communication line and maintains current output voltage, and reads charger current output voltage VOUTWith output electric current IOUT。
The charging control unit 340 of electric terminal compares the output electric current I of chargerOUTInput current I with electric terminalINDifference whether exceed preset range, when both differences exceed preset range, by communication line turn off charger output；When both differences are when preset range, electric terminal passes through (VOUT-VIN)*2/(IOUT+IIN) calculate cord loop impedance。
Judge, when impedance loop presets impedance ranges beyond first, to turn off charger output。Judge when impedance loop presets impedance ranges without departing from first, then judge whether impedance loop is preset in impedance ranges second, if impedance loop is when second presets in impedance ranges, calculate maximum charging current I according to impedance loopMAX, and to charge to battery 320 less than the value of this maximum charging current in subsequent charge action。
In reading charger current output voltage and the current step exporting electric current, including:
The digital logic module of charger controls switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage detecting resistance R3 left end between controlled transformation output module and the charger connector being connected to charger, and is stored in ADC depositor；Then, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in ADC depositor；When electric terminal reads current output electric current, the first voltage and second voltage of digital logic module reading ADC depositor export to electric terminal, and union is currently exported electric current；Or,
Digital logic module compares the first voltage and the difference of the second voltage, resistance value divided by detection resistance R3, what obtain current charger currently exports electric current, and it is stored in transient state depositor, when electric terminal reads current output electric current, digital logic module reads and currently exports electric current in transient state depositor, and sends to electric terminal；
When measuring current output voltage, digital logic module controls switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, is connected in parallel on the tertiary voltage between the detection resistance R4 of the outfan of charging out connector 101 and detection resistance R5, and is stored in ADC depositor after measuring series connection；When the current output voltage of charger is read in electric terminal request, digital logic module reads the third voltage value of ADC depositor and is sent to electric terminal；Or,
By third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of charger, and be stored in transient state depositor；When the current output voltage of charger is read in electric terminal request, digital logic module reads the current output voltage value of transient state depositor and is sent to electric terminal。
The method farther includes constant-current charge step: electric terminal detects input current I by input voltage and input current detection unit 307INWith input voltage VIN；Charging current I by output voltage current detecting unit 310 detection input battery 320batWith cell voltage Vbat；In another embodiment, the battery core electric current I of the battery core voltage x current internal resistance detection unit 314 detection input battery core by being configured in rechargeable battery 320cellWith battery core voltage Vcell。
Electronic terminal charge control unit 340 controls the first output voltage of charger by communication line。
At cell voltage Vbat≤Vbatmax-(Δv1+ Δ v) or battery core voltage Vcell≤Vcellmax-(Δv2During+Δ v),
If Ibat≤Imax-is (Δ I1+ΔI2) then electric terminal output control signals to charger, continue to raise voltage；
If Imax-is (Δ I1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤Imax-ΔI1Then electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, maintains current first output voltage；
If Ibat >=Imax-is Δ I1Then electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, reduces current output voltage, until charging current maintains Imax-(Δ I1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤Imax-ΔI1In scope。
The method farther includes constant-voltage charge step:
As cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1, or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2Time, electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, maintains current first output voltage, until charging current is reduced to exit to exit when filling threshold value soon and fills soon, closes the first charging module, returns to normal charge。
As cell voltage Vbatmax-Δv1<Vbat≤VbatmaxOr battery core voltage Vcellmax-Δv2<Vcell≤Vcellmax, electricity electric terminal outputs control signals to charger, is gradually lowered the first output voltage, until as cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1；Or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2, then, maintain current first output voltage, until charging current is reduced to exit and fills threshold value soon。
As cell voltage Vbat>VbatmaxOr Vcell>VcellmaxTime electronic terminal charge control unit 340 cut-off current increase module 308 and normal charge unit 309, stop charging。
Wherein, Δ V1Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery 320；
ΔV1Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery core
Δ V is measurement error value；
ΔI1For charging current precision；
ΔI2Threshold value is adjusted for charging current；
VbatmaxMaximum voltage for rechargeable battery 320；
VcellmaxMaximum voltage for battery core。
Above disclosed it is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, certainly the interest field of the present invention can not be limited with this, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realizing above-described embodiment, and according to the equivalent variations that the claims in the present invention are made, still fall within the scope that invention is contained。
Claims (11)
1. a charge control method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Obtain the magnitude of voltage of the rechargeable battery of electric terminal, and judge whether described magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, be send the first control signal；
First output voltage is set according to described first control signal, and opens the first charging module, battery is charged。
2. charge control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at the magnitude of voltage of the rechargeable battery of described acquisition electric terminal, and judge whether described magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, be, sends in the first control signal, including:
When described magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, detects the battery core temperature of described rechargeable battery, and judge whether described battery core temperature is positioned at preset first temperature scope, be, send the first control signal。
3. charge control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first output voltage is being set according to described control signal, and is opening the first charging module, during battery is charged, including:
Described electric terminal output first controls signal to charger, and described charger arranges the first output voltage according to described first control signal, and exports to described electric terminal；
Described electric terminal detection input voltage, and judge that described input voltage is whether in the voltage range set, it is open described first charging module。
4. charge control method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that arrange in the first output voltage according to described first control signal at described charger, including:
The digital logic module of described charger receives described first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to DAC depositor；The digital level value of described DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by D/A converter module, control the conducting degree of linear amplifier tube, and transferred to current signal transfer to limit, source control unit by isolation communication unit, limit, described source control unit the first output voltage of described charger is regulated according to described first control signal。
5. charge control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Described electric terminal detection input current and input voltage, when described input current reaches cord loop impedance detection preset value, described electric terminal arranges charger by communication line and maintains current output voltage, and reads described charger current output voltage and currently export electric current；
Judge whether the difference of current output electric current and input current exceedes preset range, be, turn off the output of described charger by communication line；Otherwise, described electric terminal calculates cord loop impedance；
Judge whether described impedance loop is preset in impedance ranges first, otherwise turn off the output of described charger, be, judge whether described impedance loop is preset in impedance ranges second, be, calculate according to described impedance loop and obtain maximum charging current IMAX。
6. charge control method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in reading described charger current output voltage and current output electric current, including:
The digital logic module of described charger controls switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage detecting resistance R3 left end between controlled transformation output module and the charger connector being connected to described charger, and is stored in ADC depositor；Then, described digital logic module controls described switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of described detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in described ADC depositor；When described electric terminal reads described current output electric current, described digital logic module reads the first voltage and the second voltage output extremely described electric terminal of described ADC depositor, and union obtains described current output electric current；Or,
The difference of more described first voltage of described digital logic module and the second voltage, resistance value divided by described detection resistance R3, obtain the described current output electric current of current charger, and it is stored in transient state depositor, when described electric terminal reads described current output electric current, described digital logic module reads the described current output electric current in described transient state depositor, and sends to described electric terminal；
When measuring current output voltage, described digital logic module controls described switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, it is connected in parallel on the tertiary voltage between the detection resistance R4 of the outfan of described charging out connector and detection resistance R5 after measuring series connection, and is stored in described ADC depositor；When the current output voltage of described charger is read in the request of described electric terminal, described digital logic module reads the third voltage value of described ADC depositor and is sent to described electric terminal；Or,
By described third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of described charger, and be stored in transient state depositor；When the current output voltage of described charger is read in the request of described electric terminal, described digital logic module reads the current output voltage value of described transient state depositor and is sent to described electric terminal。
7. charge control method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Detection inputs the charging current I of described rechargeable batterybat, and the cell voltage V of rechargeable batterybat；Or, detection inputs the battery core charging current I of the battery core of described rechargeable batterycell, and the battery core voltage V of rechargeable batterycell；
As cell voltage Vbat≤Vbatmax-(Δv1+ Δ v) or battery core voltage Vcell≤Vcellmax-(Δv2During+Δ v),
If Ibat≤IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2), then described electric terminal outputs control signals to described charger, raises described first output voltage；
If IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤IMAX-ΔI1, then described electric terminal outputs control signals to described charger, maintains current described first output voltage；
If Ibat≥IMAX-ΔI1, then described electric terminal outputs control signals to described charger, reduces current described first output voltage, until described charging current maintains described IMAX-(ΔI1+ΔI2)≤Ibat≤IMAX-ΔI1In scope；
Wherein, Δ V1Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery；
ΔV2Maximum charging voltage de-rating values is allowed for battery core
Δ V is measurement error value；
ΔI1For charging current precision；
ΔI2Threshold value is adjusted for charging current；
VbatmaxMaximum voltage for rechargeable battery；
VcellmaxMaximum voltage for battery core。
8. charge control method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
As cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1, or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2Time, described electric terminal outputs control signals to described charger, maintains current described first output voltage, exits when filling threshold value soon until charging current is reduced to, closes described first charging module；
As cell voltage Vbatmax-Δv1<Vbat≤VbatmaxOr battery core voltage Vcellmax-Δv2<Vcell≤VcellmaxTime, described electric terminal outputs control signals to described charger, reduces described first output voltage, until as cell voltage Vbatmax-(Δv1+Δv)<Vbat≤Vbatmax-Δv1, or battery core voltage Vcellmax-(Δv2+Δv)<Vcell≤Vcellmax-Δv2, then, maintain current described first output voltage, until charging current is reduced to exit and fills threshold value soon；
As cell voltage Vbat>VbatmaxOr Vcell>VcellmaxTime, described electric terminal turns off described first charging module and normal charge unit, stops charging。
9. the charger for the charge control method of any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that include controlled transformation output module, output controls and detection unit and charging out connector；
Described output controls to be connected with described charging out connector with detection unit, is used for accessing the first control signal, and arranges the first output voltage of described controlled transformation output module according to described first control signal。
10. charger according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described charger also includes current detecting unit and voltage detection unit；
Described current detecting unit includes the detection resistance R3 being connected between described controlled transformation output module and described charging out connector；Described voltage detection module is connected in parallel on the detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5 of the outfan of described charging out connector after including series connection；
Described output controls to include digital logic module, switching switch, DAC depositor, D/A converter module, linear amplification pipe, ADC depositor and analog-to-digital conversion module with detection unit；
Described digital logic module receives described first control signal, it would be desirable to the voltage of adjustment is converted to digital level and is stored to described DAC depositor；The digital level value of described DAC depositor output is converted into analog voltage signal by described D/A converter module, controls the conducting degree of described linear amplification pipe, regulates the first output voltage of described controlled transformation output module；
Described digital logic module controls described switching switch and is switched to the first stitch, measures the first voltage of described detection resistance R3 left end, and is stored in ADC depositor；Further, described digital logic module controls described switching switch and is switched to the second stitch, measures the second voltage of described detection resistance R3 right-hand member, and is stored in described ADC depositor；Or, the difference of more described first voltage of described digital logic module and the second voltage, divided by the resistance value of described detection resistance R3, obtain the described current output electric current of current charger, and be stored in transient state depositor；
Described digital logic module controls described switching switch and is switched to the 3rd stitch, measures the tertiary voltage between described detection resistance R4 and detection resistance R5, and is stored in described ADC depositor；Or, by described third voltage value * (R4+R5)/R5, obtain the current output voltage of described charger, and be stored in transient state depositor。
11. a charging system, it is characterised in that include electric terminal, with described electronic terminal charge and communication connection, claim 9 or 10 charger；
Described electric terminal obtains the magnitude of voltage of its rechargeable battery, and judges whether described magnitude of voltage is positioned at default first voltage range, is, sends the first control signal；
Described charger arranges the first output voltage according to described control signal and exports to described electric terminal, the described electric terminal magnitude of voltage according to described first output voltage, described rechargeable battery, opens its first charging module and carries out charging quickly。
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