CN105698962A - Teletransmission resonance-type SAW (surface acoustic wave) temperature sensing device used for high-voltage equipment - Google Patents
Teletransmission resonance-type SAW (surface acoustic wave) temperature sensing device used for high-voltage equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a teletransmission resonance-type SAW (surface acoustic wave) temperature sensing device used for high-voltage equipment. The teletransmission resonance-type SAW temperature sensing device comprises a surface acoustic wave sensing unit and a remote transmission unit, wherein the surface acoustic wave sensing unit is of a dual-port structure and comprises an input-output energy converter and two reflecting grid electrodes forming an acoustic resonance cavity, and the remote transmission unit comprises a directive gain antenna, an omnidirectional rotating antenna and a signal acquiring unit, wherein the directive gain antenna is a spiral arm dipole antenna and is connected with the signal acquiring unit through a coaxial cable, and can send query pulses and receive feedback pulses carrying temperature signals, and therefore the difficulty level of the adjustment of directional alignment among the antennas in engineering can be reduced. With the teletransmission resonance-type SAW temperature sensing device used for the high-voltage equipment of the invention adopted, the problems of poor directionality and short transmission distance of an existing SAW temperature sensing device can be effectively solved, the operation reliability and safety of a power grid can be effectively improved, and effective guarantee can be provided for actually achieving unattended operation. The teletransmission resonance-type SAW temperature sensing device of the invention can be widely applied to various high-voltage electric power devices where temperatures cannot be acquired by people conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to temperature sensing device technical field, particularly relate to a kind of teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment。
Background technology
In recent years, progress along with technology, high-voltage electric power system has introduced the temperature-testing device of various advanced person, the mode such as including thermometric wax disk(-sc), optical fiber temperature-measurement, infrared measurement of temperature and active radio thermometric, but, there is various hidden danger and shortcoming in these four scheme, although the passive and wireless temperature scenario based on SAW was just mentioned as far back as the eighties in last century, but owing to its thermometric distance is shorter, therefore fail to obtain application in Practical Project always。
Application number be 201120379839.2 utility model relate to sensor testing techniques, it is specially a kind of resonance type SAW temperature sensor automatic test system, its difference is in that: described system includes computer, Network Analyzer, SAW sensor temperature test platform, and SAW sensor temperature test platform includes test fixture, test circuit and external-connected port, match circuit, air pressure gun；Test circuit includes radio read-write device, MCU control module, and radio read-write device is provided with first antenna, and test fixture is by testing chip platform and automatic tableting press structure is constituted；Test chip platform is configured with SAW antennal interface, SAW antennal interface is provided with the second antenna wirelessly communicated with first antenna；The external-connected port of SAW sensor temperature test platform is connected with Network Analyzer, computer respectively respectively through holding wire, Network Analyzer and computer interconnection。This utility model possesses measures the function of SAW temperature sensor chip dynamic parameter under the intrinsic parameter of SAW temperature sensor chip and transformation temperature under test room temperature。
Meanwhile, the sensing device of a large amount of on-line monitorings is disperseed application, and its power supply technique exists significant limitation, powers according to battery, then battery originally exists potential safety hazard in high voltage and strong electromagnetic environment；Under limited battery electric quantity supply premise, real-time property is poor；The maintenance cost of periodic replacement is huge；Sense power taking according to CT, then sensing electricity getting device volume is relatively big, installation difficulty in narrow space；Complex installation process, the time cycle is long；The real-time change of bus current causes electric power system to occur impacting and damaging, and the electromagnetic interference that simultaneously transformer station is complicated also can directly result in circuit operation irregularity, the easy loss of temperature measuring equipment, and safety, reliability are relatively low。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is just to provide a kind of teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment, the shortcoming solving conventional temperature sensor stability and poor accuracy, and Supply Security, reliability are high。
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment, including supply device and difference connected sensing unit, remote transmission unit；Described supply device is made up of induction energy fetching device, rectification stable pressuring unit and accumulator；Described sensing unit is single-port architecture, including input and output transducer and two reflection grids constituting acoustic resonant cavity；Described remote transmission unit includes directional gain antenna, Omnidirectional rotation antenna and signal picker。
Described induction energy fetching device is electric field energy energy-collecting device, and including plate condenser, described plate condenser is placed in alternating electric field。
The integrated commutator of described rectification stable pressuring unit and a buck converter。
Described directional gain antenna is spiral arm dipole antenna, is connected with described signal picker by coaxial cable
Described signal picker connects data processing unit, and described data processing unit includes dsp chip, and described data processing unit converts the signal of sensing unit collection to digital signal。
Described electric field energy energy-collecting device is collected the high-tension line coupling energy produced in environment and is converted to electric energy, is stored in described accumulator and powers for described sensing unit after described rectification stable pressuring unit rectifying and voltage-stabilizing。
The present invention adopts technique scheme, first, sensor is based on surface acoustic wave techniques, it mainly comprises parts is the reflection grid that input and output transducer and two constitute acoustic resonant cavity, without using any electronic devices and components, it is to avoid because electronic component quality and life-span cause the problem that device functional reliability is low。Its service life can the life-span same with monitored equipment。Both ensured that on-Line Monitor Device was sustainable and stable main equipment had been carried out status monitoring, it also avoid because the operation maintenance of main equipment is produced harmful effect by on-Line Monitor Device integrity problem simultaneously。Owing to this kind of surface acoustic wave sensor achieves data acquisition and the transmission means of passive and wireless, without using battery, also without connecting cable between high electronegative potential, therefore there is high safety, it is highly suitable for working in high pressure, strong electromagnetic environment, it is based especially on the temperature sensor of surface acoustic wave principle, fills up the blank in existing equipment state parameter monitoring field。The core of input and output transducer is interdigital transducer, this is a kind of acoustic-electrical transducer exciting and detecting surface acoustic wave (SAW) on piezoquartz, it is by semiconductor planar technique, metallic aluminium is deposited on piezoelectric substrate, then by photoetching technique, metallic film is carved into the structure of specific dimensions and shape。The reflection grid of SAW is the Primary Component realizing SAW resonator, and SAW constitutes SAW reflecting mirror based on reflector array, and SAW reflecting grating shakes reflective trenches and reflective metals band two kinds, wherein groove reflective array better performances, but metallic reflection grating array the most easily realizes。
Secondly, induction energy fetching technology is applied in sensing device, on the one hand, decrease complexity and the degree of difficulty of supply source, can make rational use of resources, on the other hand, the power supply unit of induction energy fetching adds commutator, reducing transformer, accumulator and mu balanced circuit, transmission line of electricity can be prevented effectively from take under big electric current and can absorb energy surplus and scaling loss power circuit by unit, reduce the caloric value of power supply, and unnecessary absorbing energy effectively is stored, and it can be avoided that cause the electricity shortage of monitoring equipment when transmission line of electricity electric current is small area analysis or power-off, ensure that draw-out power supply can to monitoring equipment output galvanic current, ensure that monitoring equipment lasting stability is run；And it is saturated to be prevented from taking energy unit, and enables to take and can send momentary high power by unit, strengthen draw-out power supply carrying load ability and adaptive capacity。
Additionally, the present invention is in order to realize stability and the high efficiency of remote transmission, remote transmission unit has used two kinds of antennas, i.e. directional gain antenna and Omnidirectional rotation antenna, directional gain antenna is spiral arm dipole antenna, it is connected with signal picker by coaxial cable, can play and launch inquiry pulse and receive the effect of the feedback pulse carrying temperature signal, thus reducing engineering to raise the difficulty of directivity alignment between line all day；Omnidirectional rotation antenna is to be the small spiral antenna of omnidirectional in normal orientation, and it is connected with SAW sensor, rises and receives inquiry pulse, and SAW resonance signal feeds back to the effect of transmitting antenna。The principle being configured so that antenna is: the antenna being connected with signal picker to send inquiry pulse signal to multiple SAW probe, and its installation site arbitrarily can adjust in prescribed limit, therefore the high-gain aerial that it be orientation；The aerial position being connected with SAW probe is installed and is determined by position, measured point, installation direction may be required for receiving the inquiry signal from signal picker by ratio in narrow and all directions, therefore the small spiral antenna of modus operand upwards omnidirectional, reduce engineering and raise the difficulty of directivity alignment between line all day。
When the sensing device of this kind of type is applied in on-line monitoring technique, can not only effectively promote intelligent substation Condition Monitoring Technology progress, thus avoiding traditional on-Line Monitor Device to use electronic devices and components in a large number, use the power supply mode of battery or CT power taking, the problem that there is technological deficiency in safety, reliability, stability etc.。Surface acoustic wave techniques adopts passive working method, without using electronic devices and components and any supply unit, achieve the status monitoring mode of passive and wireless, effectively solve the Problems existing in safety, reliability, stability etc. that tradition on-Line Monitor Device exists。Meanwhile, surface acoustic wave techniques and induction energy fetching technology are advantageously implemented more more fully equipment condition monitoring content。These are all the huge advance of Condition Monitoring Technology undoubtedly。Save cost furthermore, it is possible to play and improve the effect of equipment safety operation level, a kind of teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment and monitored equipment same life-span, there are high reliability and stability；The traditional solar energy of induction energy fetching technical substitution, accumulator, all greatly reduce the maintenance workload of system, be conducive to saving cost, simultaneously, a kind of application for the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device of high pressure equipment had both ensured the reliability and stability of on-Line Monitor Device, also help the monitoring realizing some new characteristic quantities more truly reflecting equipment running status, thus grasp equipment state much sooner, accurately, comprehensively。By real time historical database technology, by all kinds of online monitoring data, PMS, SCADA system data integration on unified data platform, auxiliary realizes the senior application such as the condition diagnosing of equipment, grid equipment running state analysis。To sum up, the present invention can effectively overcome the feature that existing SAW temperature sensing device directionality is not strong, transmission range is short, and can be widely used on the various high-tension electricity equipment being not easy to manual temperature's collection, the reliability and security of operation of power networks can be effectively improved, provide effective guarantee for really realizing unmanned。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the data amplification module figure of data processing unit；
Fig. 3 is accumulator cell charging and discharging module map。
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, a kind of teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment, including supply device and difference connected sensing unit, remote transmission unit；Supply device is made up of induction energy fetching device 1, rectification stable pressuring unit 2 and accumulator 3；Sensing unit 6 is single-port architecture, including input and output transducer 7 and two reflection grids 8 constituting acoustic resonant cavity；Remote transmission unit 9 includes directional gain antenna 10, Omnidirectional rotation antenna 11 and signal picker 12；Induction energy fetching device 1 is electric field energy energy-collecting device, and including plate condenser, this plate condenser is placed in alternating electric field；The integrated commutator 4 of rectification stable pressuring unit and a buck converter 5；Directional gain antenna 10 is spiral arm dipole antenna, is connected with signal picker 12 by coaxial cable 13；Signal picker 12 connects data processing unit 13, and data processing unit includes dsp chip。
Data processing unit converts the signal of sensing unit collection to digital signal, and electric field energy energy-collecting device is collected the high-tension line coupling energy produced in environment and is converted to electric energy, is stored in accumulator and powers for sensing unit after rectified voltage regulation unit rectifying and voltage-stabilizing。Induction energy fetching device is electric field energy energy-collecting device, is be placed in alternating electric field with plate condenser, and its two ends induce current/voltage, and electric field energy is converted to electric energy, are powered to load；Rectification stable pressuring unit is by an integrated low-loss commutator and an efficient voltage reducing type transducer, to pass through to collect the high pressure equipment coupling energy produced in environment, then this energy is converted to the output of well-tuned, provides energy for sensor, data processing unit and correspondence with foreign country unit；Temperature sensing unit is the sensor made based on surface acoustic wave principle；Data processing unit provides the functions such as filtering, amplification, down coversion, transmission frequency control, converts the signal of sensor acquisition to digital signal that acquisition controller can directly process；Correspondence with foreign country unit can complete the single device internal sensor data communication function to acquisition controller, it is achieved the wireless security isolation between electrical equipment online supervision device height electronegative potential。
The core of device is in that the measurement of the temperature sensor based on surface acoustic wave, SAW resonator is broadly divided into single port and two kinds of structures of dual-port, this programme adopts single-port architecture, only comprise an IDT, this IDT had both served as input transducer, serve as again output transducer, two reflecting grating arrays of about IDT are symmetrical, constitute an acoustic resonant cavity, pumping signal energy is introduced the energy in resonant cavity and draws by IDT, its operation principle is: excite with electromagnetic wave with SAW frequently at substrate surface, sound wave multiple reflections back and forth in the resonator cavity that two reflecting gratings form, when the frequency of pumping signal is mated with the size of acoustic resonant cavity, form standing wave at intracavity and produce resonance。Resonant frequency f0Directly reflecting information measured, be the key character parameter of SAW sensor, its expression formula is as follows:；Wherein, VSAWThe velocity of wave of the surface acoustic wave that substrate surface excites, L is the reflective array cycle。
When the temperature on the piezoelectric substrate surface of SAW resonator changes, the spread speed V of SAWSAWChanging with the spacing L launching grid, thus causing the resonant frequency of resonator to change, dut temperature information can be reflected from the change of resonant frequency, by measuring the variable quantity of frequency, just can realize the monitoring to temperature parameter。In engineering, the resonant frequency variation with temperature relation of SAW resonator generally uses polynomial expression, and the general equation of its frequency-temperature characteristic is:
；In formula, T is dut temperature, T0It is reference temperature, f0It is the resonant frequency at reference temperature place, a0、b0、c0It is reference temperature T respectively0Time single order, second order and three order frequency temperature parameters, these parameters are relevant with selected crystalline material and cut direction thereof, and piezoquartz adopts different materials and different tangential, and its temperature coefficient is different, and electromechanical coupling factor and dielectric loss are also different。
Remote transmission unit in the present invention includes directional gain antenna, Omnidirectional rotation antenna and signal picker, and signal picker connects the data processing unit including dsp chip, and data processing unit converts the signal of sensing unit collection to digital signal。Antenna is to contact discharger and the important tool receiving device in this programme, its basic function is for receiving and radiated electromagnetic wave, in order to strengthen wireless transmission distance in embodiment, adopt the gain and performance that improve antenna, increase the transmitting power of transmitter and the receiving sensitivity of receiver。This programme work and the public wave band of 429MHz to 436MHz, the signal transmission power of this wave band of national regulation must not exceed 10mV, the sensitivity of receiver arrives and is to a certain degree difficult to afterwards promote, so design high performance antenna can be obviously improved the performance of wireless sensing system, so, for the most important parameter of antenna: directionality and gain effect, this programme is according to the demand of practical engineering application and feature, have developed two kinds of antennas, i.e. directional gain antenna and Omnidirectional rotation antenna, directional gain antenna is spiral arm dipole antenna, it is connected with signal picker by coaxial cable, can play and launch inquiry pulse and receive the effect of the feedback pulse carrying temperature signal, thus reducing engineering to raise the difficulty of directivity alignment between line all day；Omnidirectional rotation antenna is to be the small spiral antenna of omnidirectional in normal orientation, and it is connected with SAW sensor, rises and receives inquiry pulse, and SAW resonance signal feeds back to the effect of transmitting antenna。The principle being configured so that antenna is: the antenna being connected with signal picker to send inquiry pulse signal to multiple SAW probe, and its installation site arbitrarily can adjust in prescribed limit, therefore the high-gain aerial that it be orientation；The aerial position being connected with SAW probe is installed and is determined by position, measured point, installation direction may be required for receiving the inquiry signal from signal picker by ratio in narrow and all directions, therefore the small spiral antenna of modus operand upwards omnidirectional, reduce engineering and raise the difficulty of directivity alignment between line all day。
This SAW sensor adopts data acquisition and the transmission means of passive and wireless, it is not necessary to use battery, it is not required that connects cable between high electronegative potential, therefore has high safety, be highly suitable for working in high pressure, strong electromagnetic environment。The employing of novel high-pressure sensing power taking technology, there is the distinctive feature taken in energy mode and design concept, there is the features such as adaptation various vile weathers, round-the-clock reliable and stable power supply, long-term non-maintaining operation, thus overcoming solar powered and traditional CT way to take power all weak points, become the excellent selection solving a built-in unit energy supply difficult problem。
In being embodied as, its difficult point is in that the control design case of the energy acquisition design of sensing device, power amplification design and accumulator cell charging and discharging；Wherein, owing to the energy acquisition of device is by an integrated low-loss, commutator and an efficient voltage reducing type transducer, to pass through to collect the high-tension line coupling energy produced in environment, then this energy is converted to the output of well-tuned, provides energy for light-emitting element assembly。This energy acquisition module is directly to voltage waveform rectification and store the energy gathered in an external storage capacitor and design, and consumes any too much power by an internal parallel manostat simultaneously。The ultra low quiescent current undervoltage lockout pattern possessing wide retarding window enables electric charge to accumulate on a storage capacitor, till buck converter can send the electric charge that a part stores to output expeditiously。When non-loaded resting state, adjustable output voltage, give storage electric capacity charging continuously simultaneously。
Designing for power amplification, power amplifier is an important part in data processing unit。Due to less at coupling energy, it is impossible to directly provide power supply。After low-power level signal being modulated, processes, due to impedance operator, if directly linking coupling circuit, will be too little because of signal, it is attenuated soon。Whole communication process is made to be smoothed out for that purpose it is necessary to utilize prior art that small-signal carries out power amplification。According to practical situation, the technology of power amplifier mainly realizes following aspect function: have sufficiently large output, it is ensured that signal transmit in coupled system and circuit in normal transmission；The rated load impedance requiring power amplifier mates with coupling circuit impedance；Owing to load variations is relatively larger, it is desirable to power amplifier has strong carrying load ability；Require power amplifier working stability, dependable performance；According to the feature of typical case's OTL circuit, build experimental circuit as shown in the figure。In this circuit, front end is voltage amplifier, and OTL circuit is inputted signal by front end, and rear end is output signal。
Charge and discharge control is designed, development along with power electronic devices, technology and the manufacturing process thereof of high-power switch device such as insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT are increasingly mature, the application succeeded in changer, Active Power Filter-APF, commutator, inverter, Dynamic Voltage Regulator etc.。In the present embodiment, adopting the circuit being made up of IGBT to produce high-power sinusoidal signal, after the boosted transformer boost of this signal and high-pressure series resonance circuit amplify, electric pressure is up to high pressure, supertension, extra-high voltage rank。Establish the mathematical model of frequency modulation type resonance extra-high voltage experiment power supply, and propose voltage-regulation self-adjusting proportional plus integral control method and a kind of method of phase-locked automatic frequency adjustment of new PI on this basis, thus realizing pressure regulation and the frequency modulation of whole sensing device, the control method that we carry is conducive to eliminating the steady-state error of sensing device and improving the dynamic property of sensing device, it is prone to Project Realization, wherein, FREQUENCY CONTROL is mainly by the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase, H-bridge inverter circuit, output filter, series resonant circuit forms。
This sensing device is applied in the temperature detection field of certain 10KV transformer station, it is applied in 10 switch cubicles in 10KV altitude chamber, six temperature sensing devices and wireless temperature measurement harvester are installed in each switch cubicle, wherein, temperature sensing device is arranged on the contacting points position of easily heating, temperature signal is wirelessly sent to wireless temperature measurement harvester, harvester realizes the collection to six probe temperature data, analyze and display, temperature data is transmitted to console server simultaneously, server completes the display to each switch cabinet temperature data, analyze, storage, record, print and alert process。When temperature increases to over setting value, or programming rate is too fast, or three-phase temperature difference is unbalanced, this system meeting automatic alarm, in actual applications, find that the B phase outlet electric shock temperature of in 10 switch cubicles the 4th is up to 75 ° of C, and A phase, C phase occurs that contact temperature is only 52 ° of C, this system is according to the unbalanced judgement of the three-phase temperature difference, judge B phase temperature anomaly, check through staff, it is the discovery that B phase occurs loosening due to fastening bolt, cause outlet poor contact of contacts, contact resistance is excessive, thus the temperaturing lifting abnormality caused, thus successfully eliminating potential potential safety hazard, prevent contingent security incident together。
Claims (5)
1. the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment, it is characterised in that: include supply device and difference connected sensing unit, remote transmission unit；Described supply device is made up of induction energy fetching device, rectification stable pressuring unit and accumulator；Described sensing unit is single-port architecture, including input and output transducer and two reflection grids constituting acoustic resonant cavity；Described remote transmission unit includes directional gain antenna, Omnidirectional rotation antenna and signal picker。
2. the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described induction energy fetching device is electric field energy energy-collecting device, and including plate condenser, described plate condenser is placed in alternating electric field。
3. the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the integrated commutator of described rectification stable pressuring unit and a buck converter。
4. the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described directional gain antenna is spiral arm dipole antenna, is connected with described signal picker by coaxial cable
Teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal picker connects data processing unit, described data processing unit includes dsp chip, and described data processing unit converts the signal of sensing unit collection to digital signal。
5. the teletransmission mode of resonance SAW temperature sensing device for high pressure equipment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described electric field energy energy-collecting device is collected the high-tension line coupling energy produced in environment and is converted to electric energy, is stored in described accumulator and powers for described sensing unit after described rectification stable pressuring unit rectifying and voltage-stabilizing。
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| CN110501596A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-26 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of wireless control system and method for instruction carriage |
| CN110631738A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-31 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司盐城供电分公司 | Power transformer temperature detection system based on inductive power supply and detection method thereof |
| CN113155307A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-07-23 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司长春供电公司 | Built-in temperature on-line monitoring system for high-voltage power cable connector |
| CN113155307B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2023-11-03 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司长春供电公司 | Built-in temperature on-line monitoring system of high-voltage power cable connector |
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