CN105697144A - Internal-bi-phase cam driven roller needle roller block type internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Internal-bi-phase cam driven roller needle roller block type internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105697144A CN105697144A CN201610059181.4A CN201610059181A CN105697144A CN 105697144 A CN105697144 A CN 105697144A CN 201610059181 A CN201610059181 A CN 201610059181A CN 105697144 A CN105697144 A CN 105697144A
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- biphase
- cam ring
- cam
- needle roller
- roller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
- F02B75/222—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders in star arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
Abstract
The invention provides an internal-bi-phase cam driven roller needle roller block type internal combustion engine, relates to the field of fuel gas power and belongs to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines. According to the novel internal combustion engine provided by the invention, eight air cylinders are annularly, symmetrically and uniformly distributed on the periphery of an outwards-convex internal-bi-phase internal cam, so that the resultant force of the outwards-convex internal-bi-phase internal cam is zero; air cylinder pistons act on the outwards-convex internal-bi-phase internal cam through pushing rods, and the outwards-convex internal-bi-phase internal cam transmits power to an output shaft in key joint with an external cam through bi-phase internal cam roller needle roller block movable teeth in a transmission mode; a connecting rod and a crankshaft in a traditional internal combustion engine are omitted, and an outwards-convex internal-bi-phase internal cam roller needle roller block transmission mechanism of the internal combustion engine has no eccentric mass and has the self-balanced characteristics of inertia force and working loads; the rotating speed of the output shaft depends on the transmission ratio of movable teeth transmission, and if a movable tooth frame is fixed, the external cam can output a low speed and large torque; the internal combustion engine can be widely applied to engineering machinery, military and other fields such as excavators and armored cars which need high power; the structure of the internal combustion engine is simple and compact, the axial size is small, self-balanced stress is achieved, and operation is smooth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas power field, more specifically, be that in one, double phase cam drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine。
Background technology
The internal combustion engine commonly used at present is four stroke crankshaft-link rod type internal combustion engines, and the drive mechanism of this internal combustion engine all adopts toggle, by connecting rod band dynamic crankshaft, thus being the rotary motion of bent axle by the transform linear motion of piston。Owing to the plane motion that this internal combustion engine is the rectilinear motion by piston and connecting rod rotates to order about bent axle, there is bigger friction between each kinematic pair thus causing, causing that internal combustion engine transmission efficiency is low。Crankshaft-link rod type internal combustion engine also has following major defect: volume is big；Uneven centrifugal force on connecting rod, bent axle is bigger；Impacting big, vibration is big；And thus cause bigger mechanical wear, make internal-combustion engine life-span shorten；Structure complexity, processing, manufacture, assembling etc. are all relatively difficult。
It addition, generally internal combustion engine and speed change gear are two independent machines, internal combustion engine needs additionally mounted decelerator for follow-up speed change, causes bulky。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: for the drawbacks described above overcoming existing crankshaft-link rod type internal combustion engine to exist, the present invention provides double phase cam in a kind of simple and compact for structure, volume is little, impact shock is little, smooth running, power big, life-span length, efficiency are high low-speed big quartastroke engine to drive needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine。
The present invention solves that its technical problem is adopted the technical scheme that: in a kind of, double phase cam drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine, mainly by cylinder head (1), exhaust valve (2), inlet valve (3), cylinder (4), cylinder body (5), push rod (6), piston (7), spring (8), roller (9), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), output shaft (14), needle roller (15) and starting system, air distribution system, cooling system, oil supply system, lubricating system forms, it is characterized in that: symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, in evagination, the linear reciprocating motion of piston is changed into the rotary motion cylinder piston (7) of output shaft and by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination is rotated by biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism, in evagination, power is passed to, through biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, the output shaft (14) being connected with external cam (13) key by biphase cam ring (10), last power is exported by output shaft (14), in evagination, internal combustion engine and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism are organically combined together by biphase cam ring (10), make internal combustion engine without being equipped with decelerator again。
In technique scheme, in evagination, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism is organically combined by cam mechanism and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism；Wherein, cam mechanism is by push rod (6), roller (9), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, cylinder body (5), spring (8) forms, one end of push rod (6) and piston (7) are fixedly connected, the other end is equipped with roller (9), contacting between push rod (6) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination couples because roller (9) is become rolling friction from sliding friction connection, one end of spring (8) is fixed on piston (7) below, the other end is fixed on the boss of cylinder bottom, spring (8) makes the cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination all the time of the roller (9) on push rod contact, each cylinder is equipped with piston, push rod with roller and spring；Biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of cam ring (10) biphase in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) and the output shaft (14) with its key connecting。In evagination, the outer surface of biphase cam ring (10) is four phase cams of four projections with mutual angle in 90 ° and axle center symmetry, inside is double; two off-centre operations or oval biphase cam ring, therefore biphase cam ring (10) is the cam in cam mechanism in evagination, it is again the biphase cam ring in biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism, the inside that whole biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is built in evagination biphase cam ring (10)。Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) in above-mentioned biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of backbone block (16), pin (17), needle roller (18), needle roller sleeve (19), being tight fit between two ends and the hole of backbone block (16) both sides of pin (17), the needle roller sleeve (19) being arranged on backbone block (16) two ends is supported by pin (17) and forms rolling connecting relation by needle roller (18) and backbone block (16)；Oscillating tooth carrier (12) is tube-in-tube structure, and the circumference along this tube-in-tube structure has Z12Individual radial direction guide groove, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) can this radially guide groove central diameter to movement, for making contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) be become rolling friction from sliding friction, the radial direction guide groove inwall of oscillating tooth carrier (12) radially has to fill the groove of needle roller (15), at this groove built with some needle rollers (15), the backbone block (16) of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rolls connecting relation by the radial direction guide groove composition of needle roller (15) with oscillating tooth carrier (12), it is achieved thereby that contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) is become rolling friction from sliding friction；The needle roller sleeve (19) at needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) the two ends cam ring profile of cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination respectively and the external cam profile of external cam (13) are meshed one pure rolling higher pair of each composition；The contour curve of external cam (13) is that needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rotates with oscillating tooth carrier (12) on the one hand, on the other hand again in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12) in the process of movement, the envelope of a series of positions residing for its inner needle roller sleeve (19)。
In evagination, the outer surface cam profile curve of biphase cam ring (10) can need selected according to actual design, to obtain the dynamic performance of the best, improves the energy conversion efficiency of internal combustion engine。In output shaft (14), evagination, the axial line of biphase cam ring (10), oscillating tooth carrier (12) and (13) four parts of external cam overlaps and is supported by rack bearing。The tooth number Z of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth12Wave number Z with external cam13Difference is 2, and oscillating tooth carrier (12) and frame connect firmly, external cam (13) and output shaft (14) key connecting；Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) are meshed respectively, and each engagement place is respectively formed rolling pair。
In technique scheme, output shaft rotating speed depends on the rotating speed of biphase cam ring in evagination and the gear ratio of biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, and suitably select biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer join tooth scheme, bigger gear ratio can be obtained, it is possible to achieve low-speed big exports。
In technique scheme, symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, the be separated by 180 ° of cylinder piston being arranged symmetrically with (7) duties of any two of which synchronize, two cylinder pistons duty synchronized are as one group, four groups of cylinder pistons are sequentially carried out intake stroke, compression stroke, gas combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, and the piston stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase contrast of biphase cam ring (10) corner in evagination。Cylinder piston (7) makes biphase cam ring (10) in evagination rotate by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), in evagination, the cam ring profile of biphase cam ring (10) promotes needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) to move in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12), and oscillating tooth carrier (12) and frame are fixedly connected, therefore needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) engages with external cam (13) and orders about external cam (13) rotation under the effect of contraction of oscillating tooth carrier, external cam (13) imparts power to output shaft (14) output by key connecting。In biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, it is multiple tooth engagement between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), therefore transmission high-power, high pulling torque can be realized。
Compared with the prior art the primary object of the present invention is in that:
1. symmetrical uniform eight cylinders of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring in evagination, in evagination, the linear reciprocating motion of piston is changed into the rotary motion cylinder piston of output shaft and by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod, biphase cam ring in evagination is rotated by biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism, in evagination, power is passed to, through biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, the output shaft being connected with external cam key by biphase cam ring, last power is exported by output shaft, in evagination, internal combustion engine and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism are organically combined together by biphase cam ring, make internal combustion engine without being equipped with decelerator again。In above-mentioned evagination, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism is organically combined by cam mechanism and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism；Wherein, cam mechanism is made up of cam ring biphase in push rod, roller, evagination, cylinder body, spring, one end of push rod and piston are fixedly connected, the other end is equipped with roller, contacting between push rod cam ring biphase with in evagination couples because roller is become rolling friction from sliding friction connection, one end of spring is fixed on below piston, the other end is fixed on the boss of cylinder bottom, spring makes the cam ring biphase with in evagination all the time of the roller on push rod contact, and each cylinder is equipped with piston, push rod with roller and spring；Biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of cam ring biphase in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth, oscillating tooth carrier, external cam and the output shaft with its key connecting。In evagination, the outer surface of biphase cam ring is four phase cams of four projections with mutual angle in 90 ° and axle center symmetry, inside is double; two off-centre operations or oval biphase cam ring, therefore biphase cam ring is the cam in cam mechanism in evagination, it is again the biphase cam ring in biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism, the inside that whole biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is built in evagination biphase cam ring。Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth in above-mentioned biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of backbone block, pin, needle roller, needle roller sleeve, being tight fit between two ends and the hole of backbone block both sides of pin, the needle roller sleeve being arranged on backbone block two ends is supported by pin and forms rolling connecting relation by needle roller and backbone block；Oscillating tooth carrier is tube-in-tube structure, and the circumference along this tube-in-tube structure has Z12Individual radial direction guide groove, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth can this radially guide groove central diameter to movement, for making contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth and oscillating tooth carrier be become rolling friction from sliding friction, the radial direction guide groove inwall of oscillating tooth carrier radially has to fill the groove of needle roller, at this groove built with some needle rollers, the backbone block of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth rolls connecting relation by the radial direction guide groove composition of needle roller with oscillating tooth carrier, it is achieved thereby that contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth and oscillating tooth carrier is become rolling friction from sliding friction；The needle roller sleeve cam ring profile of cam ring biphase with in evagination respectively at needle roller roller block oscillating tooth two ends and the external cam profile of external cam are meshed one pure rolling higher pair of each composition；The contour curve of external cam is that needle roller roller block oscillating tooth rotates with oscillating tooth carrier on the one hand, on the other hand again in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier in the process of movement, and the envelope of a series of positions residing for its inner needle roller sleeve。In evagination, the outer surface cam profile curve of biphase cam ring can need selected according to actual design, to obtain the dynamic performance of the best, improves the energy conversion efficiency of internal combustion engine。In output shaft, evagination, the axial line of biphase cam ring, oscillating tooth carrier and four parts of external cam overlaps and is supported by rack bearing。The tooth number Z of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth12Wave number Z with external cam13Difference is 2, and oscillating tooth carrier and frame connect firmly, external cam and output shaft key connecting；Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth cam ring biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier, external cam are meshed respectively, and each engagement place is respectively formed rolling pair。
2. in technique scheme, output shaft rotating speed depends on the rotating speed of biphase cam ring in evagination and the gear ratio of biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, and suitably select biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer join tooth scheme, bigger gear ratio can be obtained, it is possible to achieve low-speed big exports。
3. in technique scheme, symmetrical uniform eight cylinders of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring in evagination, the be separated by 180 ° cylinder piston duty that is arranged symmetrically with of any two of which synchronizes, two cylinder pistons duty synchronized are as one group, four groups of cylinder pistons are sequentially carried out intake stroke, compression stroke, gas combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, and the piston stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase contrast of biphase cam ring corner in evagination。Cylinder piston makes biphase cam ring in evagination rotate by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod, in evagination, the cam ring profile of biphase cam ring promotes needle roller roller block oscillating tooth to move in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier, and oscillating tooth carrier and frame are fixedly connected, therefore needle roller roller block oscillating tooth engages and order about external cam rotation under the effect of contraction of oscillating tooth carrier with external cam, external cam imparts power to output shaft output by key connecting。In biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, it is multiple tooth engagement between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth cam ring biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier, external cam, therefore transmission high-power, high pulling torque can be realized。
The present invention, compared with existing reciprocating crankshaft-link rod type internal combustion engine, has following useful technique effect:
1. fretting wear is little, small axial dimension, oil consumption is low, efficiency is high, the life-span is long
Couple for rolling friction between piston push rod cam ring biphase with in evagination, it is pure rolling friction between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth cam ring biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier, external cam to be connected, eliminate serious wear, toggle that friction power loss is big, wear and tear almost without mechanical friction, oil consumption is low, internal-combustion engine life-span is longer, and transmission efficiency is very high；In evagination, biphase cam ring can realize shock wave and ensure the stress autobalance of himself and needle roller roller block oscillating tooth simultaneously, inertia force, exciting force and the tilting moment etc. being absent from a tooth difference Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer in actuating device needing eccentrically mounted shock wave device and exist, the vibrational excitation of actuating device is avoided, thus being conducive to improving the efficiency of transmission from transmission principle。
2. impact is little, it is little to vibrate, noise is little, smooth running
Owing to the present invention adopts biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism in evagination to instead of the toggle in existing crankshaft-link rod type internal combustion engine, completely abolish crankshaft-and-connecting-rod, in evagination, biphase cam ring and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism are all axially symmetric structures, there is no eccentric mass and uneven centrifugal force, eliminate because crankshaft quality is eccentric, inertia force that connecting rod causes do plane motion and tilting moment and consequent impact shock and noise, eliminate vibration and noise that connecting rod beat causes Piston impinging cylinder wall to cause。Symmetrical uniform eight cylinders of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring in evagination, the be separated by 180 ° cylinder piston duty that is arranged symmetrically with of any two of which synchronizes, that is: or simultaneously air-breathing or compression simultaneously or the acting of gas combustion simultaneously or aerofluxus simultaneously, therefore, the appearance that impulsive force is always paired, it is possible to cancel out each other, makes biphase cam ring in evagination be made a concerted effort to be zero, therefore impact shock is less, thus internal combustion engine operation is very steady。
3. compact conformation, volume is little, lightweight, axial dimension is little
Owing to eliminating the bent axle of bulky complex, around each air cylinder annular symmetry is distributed in evagination biphase cam ring, and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is built in evagination in biphase cam ring, in evagination, biphase cam ring is the cam in cam mechanism, again the biphase cam ring in biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism, thus the Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of the present invention is compact, axial dimension is little, volume is little, lightweight。The present invention adopts the power that biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism output piston in evagination produces, and internal combustion engine and speed change gear (decelerator) is united two into one, it is not necessary to separately joining deceleration device, structure is reduced significantly, thus compact conformation, small and exquisite。
4. transmission is relatively larger, and complete machine integration is pre-slows down
The power output shaft of this internal combustion engine is and the output shaft of external cam key connecting, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer is with cam ring input power biphase in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier is fixed, external cam exports, suitably select to join tooth scheme, bigger gear ratio can be realized, and remain in that the plurality of advantages such as compact conformation, quality are little, volume is little。Internal combustion engine low-speed big output power, can be widely applied to need the fields such as the military affairs of high-power machinery transmission, engineering machinery, such as tank, panzer and excavator, bull-dozer etc.。
5. there is good economy, dynamic property and discharge index
Owing to the characteristics of motion of piston depends entirely on the exterior contour curve of biphase cam ring in evagination, so cam contour can be designed by choosing appropriate piston movement rule, and appropriate piston movement rule should make, and the gas combustion in cylinder is abundant, perfect, fuel thermal energy utilization rate high, therefore, inventive combustion engine has good dynamic property, economy and discharge index, can reach energy-conserving and environment-protective and improve the purpose of machine efficiency。
6. simple in construction, good manufacturability, production cost are low
Design of part in inventive combustion engine is simple, good manufacturability, production cost are low, has completely abolished the crankshaft-and-connecting-rod that structure is complicated, processing and manufacturing is difficult。
7. bearing capacity is big
Biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer is multiple tooth engagement, and stable drive, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth can jointly be shared load and realize power dividing。Therefore internal combustion engine operation is steady, the ability of opposing shock and vibration is relatively strong, and bearing capacity is big。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described。But want it is emphasized that; the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the form described by example below; those skilled in the art is not when paying creative work; also can design other detailed description of the invention easily; therefore the embodiment of detailed description of the invention given below should be interpreted as protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is limited in given embodiment。
Fig. 1 is that interior double phase cam drives needle roller to roll the structural representation of Subblock-wise internal combustion engine
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of biphase cam ring and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism in evagination
The structural representation of Fig. 3 oscillating tooth carrier
The front view of Fig. 4 needle roller roller block oscillating tooth and top view
The structural representation of Fig. 5 backbone block
In above-mentioned each accompanying drawing, figure knows the mark of label to liking: 1 cylinder head；2 exhaust valves；3 inlet valves；4 cylinders；5 cylinder bodies；6 push rods；7 pistons；8 springs；9 rollers；Biphase cam ring in 10 evaginations；11 needle roller roller block oscillating tooths；12 oscillating tooth carriers；13 external cam；14 output shafts；15 needle rollers；16 backbone block；17 pins；18 needle rollers；19 needle roller sleeves。
Specific embodiment
In shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 5, double phase cam drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine, is mainly made up of biphase cam ring (10), needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), output shaft (14), needle roller (15) etc. in cylinder head (1), exhaust valve (2), inlet valve (3), cylinder (4), cylinder body (5), push rod (6), piston (7), spring (8), roller (9), evagination。Symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, in evagination, the linear reciprocating motion of piston is changed into the rotary motion cylinder piston (7) of output shaft and by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination is rotated by biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism, in evagination, power is passed to, through biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, the output shaft (14) being connected with external cam (13) key by biphase cam ring (10), and last power is exported by output shaft (14)。In above-mentioned evagination, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism is organically combined by cam mechanism and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism；Wherein, cam mechanism is by push rod (6), roller (9), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, cylinder body (5), spring (8) forms, one end of push rod (6) and piston (7) are fixedly connected, the other end is equipped with roller (9), contacting between push rod (6) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination couples because roller (9) is become rolling friction from sliding friction connection, one end of spring (8) is fixed on piston (7) below, the other end is fixed on the boss of cylinder bottom, spring (8) makes the cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination all the time of the roller (9) on push rod contact, each cylinder is equipped with piston, push rod with roller and spring；Biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of cam ring (10) biphase in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) and the output shaft (14) with its key connecting。In evagination, the outer surface of biphase cam ring (10) is four phase cams of four projections with mutual angle in 90 ° and axle center symmetry, inside is double; two off-centre operations or oval biphase cam ring, therefore biphase cam ring (10) is the cam in cam mechanism in evagination, it is again the biphase cam ring in biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism, the inside that whole biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is built in evagination biphase cam ring (10)。Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) in above-mentioned biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of backbone block (16), pin (17), needle roller (18), needle roller sleeve (19), being tight fit between two ends and the hole of backbone block (16) both sides of pin (17), the needle roller sleeve (19) being arranged on backbone block (16) two ends is supported by pin (17) and forms rolling connecting relation by needle roller (18) and backbone block (16)；Oscillating tooth carrier (12) is tube-in-tube structure, and the circumference along this tube-in-tube structure has Z12Individual radial direction guide groove, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) can this radially guide groove central diameter to movement, for making contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) be become rolling friction from sliding friction, the radial direction guide groove inwall of oscillating tooth carrier (12) radially has to fill the groove of needle roller (15), at this groove built with some needle rollers (15), the backbone block (16) of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rolls connecting relation by the radial direction guide groove composition of needle roller (15) with oscillating tooth carrier (12), it is achieved thereby that contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) is become rolling friction from sliding friction；The needle roller sleeve (19) at needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) the two ends cam ring profile of cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination respectively and the external cam profile of external cam (13) are meshed one pure rolling higher pair of each composition；The contour curve of external cam (13) is that needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rotates with oscillating tooth carrier (12) on the one hand, on the other hand again in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12) in the process of movement, the envelope of a series of positions residing for its inner needle roller sleeve (19)。In evagination, the outer surface cam profile curve of biphase cam ring (10) can need selected according to actual design, the present embodiment makes cosine acceleration motion rule to determine the outer surface cam profile curve of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination by piston (7), namely when cam ring (10) uniform rotation biphase in evagination, piston (7) does reciprocating linear motion by cosine acceleration motion rule, and its period of motion is in evagination 1/4th of biphase cam ring (10) swing circle。The power output shaft of the present embodiment internal combustion engine is the output shaft (14) with external cam key connecting, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is with cam ring (10) input power biphase in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12) is fixed, and external cam (13) exports。In output shaft (14), evagination, the axial line of biphase cam ring (10), oscillating tooth carrier (12) and (13) four parts of external cam overlaps and is supported by rack bearing。The tooth number Z of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth12Wave number Z with external cam13Difference is 2；Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) are meshed respectively, and each engagement place is respectively formed rolling pair。Symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, the be separated by 180 ° of cylinder piston being arranged symmetrically with (7) duties of any two of which synchronize, two cylinder pistons duty synchronized are as one group, four groups of cylinder pistons are sequentially carried out intake stroke, compression stroke, gas combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, and the piston stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase contrast of biphase cam ring (10) corner in evagination。Cylinder piston (7) makes biphase cam ring (10) in evagination rotate by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), in evagination, the cam ring profile of biphase cam ring (10) promotes needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) to move in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12), and oscillating tooth carrier (12) and frame are fixedly connected, therefore needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) engages with external cam (13) and orders about external cam (13) rotation under the effect of contraction of oscillating tooth carrier, external cam (13) imparts power to output shaft (14) output by key connecting。In biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, it is multiple tooth engagement between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), therefore transmission high-power, high pulling torque can be realized。
The operation principle of internal combustion engine of the present invention is: when the engine operates, piston (7) in gas combustion acting cylinder, its driving force acts in evagination on biphase cam ring (10) by push rod (6) straight reciprocating motion, promoting biphase cam ring (10) in evagination to rotate counterclockwise, power is passed to output shaft (14) output by cam ring (10) biphase in evagination through biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism；Rotation due to cam ring (10) biphase in evagination, roller (9) rolls along cam ring (10) profile biphase in evagination and makes push rod (6) and do not have the piston (7) of acting to slide in cylinder (4), completes air-breathing or the task of compression gas or aerofluxus。In FIG, using cylinder a and e, b and f, c and g, d and h respectively as one group, then four groups of cylinders are had。If the piston in cylinder a, e is in the starting position of intake stroke, piston in cylinder b, f is in the starting position of compression stroke, piston in cylinder c, g is in the starting position of gas combustion expansion stroke, piston in cylinder d, h is in the starting position of exhaust stroke, stroke process one stroke of difference of two adjacent groups cylinder piston, the phase contrast corresponding to cam ring (10) corner biphase in evagination is 45 °。Then in evagination, biphase cam ring (10) turns over after 45 degree counterclockwise, cylinder b, f starts again work by combustion, after in evagination, biphase cam ring turns over 45 ° more counterclockwise, cylinder a, e starts again work by combustion, cylinder a, e work by combustion is followed by cylinder d after completing, h starts work by combustion, take turns to again cylinder c and g work by combustion afterwards, so circulation is gone down, biphase cam ring (10) in evagination is made continuously and smoothly to operate, in evagination, the inner surface of biphase cam ring promotes needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) motion, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) moves in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12) and engages with external cam (13) under the effect of contraction of oscillating tooth carrier, external cam (13) is driven to rotate, then by the output shaft (14) with external cam (13) key connecting continuously and smoothly by power and movement output。It is separated by 180 ° is arranged symmetrically with owing to often organizing two cylinders in cylinder, and duty is identical at any time, so the comprehensive function effect of cam ring (10) biphase in evagination is by eight pistons (7): in evagination, biphase cam ring (10) is only limited by the effect of pure couple, and making a concerted effort is zero。Owing to cam ring (10) biphase in evagination and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer not only have structural symmetry, and stress is also symmetrical, therefore making a concerted effort suffered by them is zero, is only limited by force couple role。Therefore the impact shock of inventive combustion engine is little, stable movement。
For the shifting characteristics of inventive combustion engine is described, if the tooth number Z of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11)12=8, the wave number Z of external cam (13)13=10, in evagination, the rotating speed of biphase cam ring (10) is n10=2000r/min。Oscillating tooth carrier (12) fixes (ω12=0), then the gear ratio of biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer is:
Therefore obtain i13=i14=400r/min, visible, external cam (13), output shaft (14) turn to the identical of cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, but rotating speed is biphase cam ring (10) far below in evagination, engine brake output power, it may be achieved large torque low speed exports。This characteristic is particularly suitable for the occasion of high pulling torque output, can be widely applied to need the fields such as the military affairs of high-power machinery transmission, engineering machinery, such as tank, panzer, excavator, bull-dozer etc.。
The internal combustion engine of the present embodiment is additionally provided with starting system, air distribution system, lubricating system, oil supply system and cooling system etc.。
Claims (3)
1. in, double phase cam drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine, mainly by cylinder head (1), exhaust valve (2), inlet valve (3), cylinder (4), cylinder body (5), push rod (6), piston (7), spring (8), roller (9), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), output shaft (14), needle roller (15) and starting system, air distribution system, cooling system, oil supply system, lubricating system forms, it is characterized in that: symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, in evagination, the linear reciprocating motion of piston is changed into the rotary motion cylinder piston (7) of output shaft and by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination is rotated by biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism, in evagination, power is passed to, through biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, the output shaft (14) being connected with external cam (13) key by biphase cam ring (10), last power is exported by output shaft (14), in evagination, internal combustion engine and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism are organically combined together by biphase cam ring (10), make internal combustion engine without being equipped with decelerator again；In above-mentioned evagination, biphase cam ring needle roller roller block drive mechanism is organically combined by cam mechanism and biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism；Wherein, cam mechanism is by push rod (6), roller (9), biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, cylinder body (5), spring (8) forms, one end of push rod (6) and piston (7) are fixedly connected, the other end is equipped with roller (9), contacting between push rod (6) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination couples because roller (9) is become rolling friction from sliding friction connection, one end of spring (8) is fixed on piston (7) below, the other end is fixed on the boss of cylinder bottom, spring (8) makes the cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination all the time of the roller (9) on push rod contact, each cylinder is equipped with piston, push rod with roller and spring；Biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of cam ring (10) biphase in evagination, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11), oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) and the output shaft (14) with its key connecting；In evagination, the outer surface of biphase cam ring (10) is four phase cams of four projections with mutual angle in 90 ° and axle center symmetry, inside is double; two off-centre operations or oval biphase cam ring, therefore biphase cam ring (10) is the cam in cam mechanism in evagination, it is again the biphase cam ring in biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism, the inside that whole biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is built in evagination biphase cam ring (10)；Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) in above-mentioned biphase cam ring needle roller roller block movable tooth drive mechanism is made up of backbone block (16), pin (17), needle roller (18), needle roller sleeve (19), being tight fit between two ends and the hole of backbone block (16) both sides of pin (17), the needle roller sleeve (19) being arranged on backbone block (16) two ends is supported by pin (17) and forms rolling connecting relation by needle roller (18) and backbone block (16)；Oscillating tooth carrier (12) is tube-in-tube structure, and the circumference along this tube-in-tube structure has Z12Individual radial direction guide groove, needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) can this radially guide groove central diameter to movement, for making contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) be become rolling friction from sliding friction, the radial direction guide groove inwall of oscillating tooth carrier (12) radially has to fill the groove of needle roller (15), at this groove built with some needle rollers (15), the backbone block (16) of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rolls connecting relation by the radial direction guide groove composition of needle roller (15) with oscillating tooth carrier (12), it is achieved thereby that contacting between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) with oscillating tooth carrier (12) is become rolling friction from sliding friction；The needle roller sleeve (19) at needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) the two ends cam ring profile of cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination respectively and the external cam profile of external cam (13) are meshed one pure rolling higher pair of each composition；The contour curve of external cam (13) is that needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) rotates with oscillating tooth carrier (12) on the one hand, on the other hand again in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12) in the process of movement, the envelope of a series of positions residing for its inner needle roller sleeve (19)；In evagination, the outer surface cam profile curve of biphase cam ring (10) can need selected according to actual design, to obtain the dynamic performance of the best, improves the energy conversion efficiency of internal combustion engine；In output shaft (14), evagination, the axial line of biphase cam ring (10), oscillating tooth carrier (12) and (13) four parts of external cam overlaps and is supported by rack bearing；The tooth number Z of needle roller roller block oscillating tooth12Wave number Z with external cam13Difference is 2, and oscillating tooth carrier (12) and frame connect firmly, external cam (13) and output shaft (14) key connecting；Needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13) are meshed respectively, and each engagement place is respectively formed rolling pair；Output shaft rotating speed depends on the rotating speed of biphase cam ring in evagination and the gear ratio of biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, and suitably select biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer join tooth scheme, bigger gear ratio can be obtained, it is possible to achieve low-speed big exports。
2. interior double phase cam according to claim 1 drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned internal combustion engine, symmetrical uniform eight cylinders (4) of the peripheral circular of biphase cam ring (10) in evagination, the be separated by 180 degree of cylinder piston being arranged symmetrically with (7) duties of any two of which synchronize, two cylinder pistons duty synchronized are as one group, four groups of cylinder pistons are sequentially carried out intake stroke, compression stroke, gas combustion expansion stroke and exhaust stroke, the piston stroke process of two adjacent groups cylinder is 45 ° corresponding to the phase contrast of biphase cam ring (10) corner in evagination；Cylinder piston (7) makes biphase cam ring (10) in evagination rotate by the straight reciprocating motion of push rod (6), in evagination, the cam ring profile of biphase cam ring (10) promotes needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) to move in the radial direction guide groove of oscillating tooth carrier (12), and oscillating tooth carrier (12) and frame are fixedly connected, therefore needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) engages with external cam (13) and orders about external cam (13) rotation under the effect of contraction of oscillating tooth carrier, external cam (13) imparts power to output shaft (14) output by key connecting。
3. interior double phase cam according to any one of claim 1 to 2 drives needle roller to roll Subblock-wise internal combustion engine, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned internal combustion engine, in its biphase cam ring needle roller roller block Oscillating Tooth Gear Reducer, it is multiple tooth engagement between needle roller roller block oscillating tooth (11) cam ring (10) biphase with in evagination, oscillating tooth carrier (12), external cam (13), therefore transmission high-power, high pulling torque can be realized。
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