CN105695768B - A kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device and method - Google Patents
A kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105695768B CN105695768B CN201410707101.2A CN201410707101A CN105695768B CN 105695768 B CN105695768 B CN 105695768B CN 201410707101 A CN201410707101 A CN 201410707101A CN 105695768 B CN105695768 B CN 105695768B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device and method, and reduction apparatus includes reaction unit, magnesium metal collector, slag-draining device, feed device and heat-exchanger rig.Under the conditions of inert atmosphere protection; using the surface of sunshine or laser by lens direct irradiation reactant is assembled, concurrently raw reduction reaction generates magnesium metal; and reduction process does not produce the pernicious gas and material of pollution environment; improve heating efficiency; shorten smelting cycle; high pure metal magnesium powder is produced, the production cost of metal magnesium powder is reduced and reduces environmental pollution, realize Smelting magnesium industry value chain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the magnesium metal smelting field of nonferrous metallurgy industry, more particularly, to one kind using assemble sunshine or
The reduction apparatus and method of semicontinuous refining magnesium are realized in laser heating.
Background technology
The production method of magnesium mainly has thermal reduction and the class of electrolysis two, at present, world's magnesium yield 80% by thermal reduction
" Pidgeon process " production in method.However, existing " Pidgeon process " process for smelting magnesium has many defects, it is mainly reflected in:(1) react
Speed is slow, and the reduction reaction cycle is up to 10-12 hours in typical technical process, inefficiency；(2) add using outside flame
Heat, heat is gradually transmitted to inside outside reactor, and the cycle is long, and heat-energy losses are big, and heat utilization rate is low, and specialty analysis is thought
The heat utilization rate of typical process only has 20% or so；(3) horizontal tank typically uses the expensive heat resisting steel containing nickel, chromium, consumption
Quickly, cost is high；(4) flue dust containing pernicious gases such as sulfur dioxide is discharged, severe contamination environment, work situation is severe, right
The negative effect of surrounding ecological environment is big.
Such as CN 1952191A, CN 201942729U, CN 101307389A patented technologies, for production of magnesium by pidgeonprocess work
The above-mentioned deficiency of skill proposes improved method, mainly becomes the electric energy heating that flame is heated to be clean energy resource, and specific thermal source has
Resistor disc heating, charging resistance heating, sensing heating etc., another improvement are exactly to become external heat to heat into inside, although made
With the secondary energy sources electric energy of cleaning and heat transfer mode is improved, but production cost is higher.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device and method, under the conditions of inert atmosphere protection,
Using the surface of sunshine or laser by lens direct irradiation reactant is assembled, concurrently raw reduction reaction generates magnesium metal, and
Reduction process does not produce the pernicious gas and material of pollution environment, and the production cost of final reduction magnesium metal realizes Smelting magnesium row
Industry sustainable development.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device, including reaction unit, magnesium metal are received
Storage, slag-draining device, feed device and heat-exchanger rig, be specially：
The reaction unit includes sealing shell, and the inside of sealing shell is provided with objective table, with objective table just to it is closed
The top of shell, which is provided with entrance window, entrance window, installs the telescopic lens with gas access, provided with protection at gas access
Gas flowmeter, the top of entrance window is provided with sunshine condenser system or laser generating system；Objective table is provided with reactor, instead
The piston structure that device is upper opening is answered, its barrel is fixed on objective table, and piston, which is connected to, is disposed below lowering or hoisting gear
On lift strut；Its reciprocating scum board is controlled by control device provided with one by reactor；
The magnesium metal collector includes cooler, and its top is provided with magnesium vapor entrance and exhaust outlet, and magnesium vapor entrance leads to
Cross magnesium vapor conduit with reaction unit to be connected, the top in cooler is provided with blast fence and by magnesium vapor entrance and exhaust outlet
Separate, the bottom of cooler is exported provided with magnesium metal, and removable collector is provided with outlet；Cooler casing is interlayer water cooling
Structure passes through water inlet and delivery port and Valve controlling；
The slag-draining device includes being respectively equipped with entering cinder notch and slagging tap by Valve controlling above and below seal box, seal box
Mouthful, enter cinder notch and be connected through sealing shell bottom with reaction unit；
The feed device includes feed bin, one end connection of bin outlet and passage and by Valve controlling, and passage is another
One end passes through the sealing shell of reaction unit and points to the opening of reactor；
The heat-exchanger rig includes heat exchanger, and its air inlet is connected by pipeline with the exhaust outlet of magnesium metal collector, passes through
Its gas outlet is connected to by pipeline on the gas access of telescopic lens after condenser condensation, the gas access of telescopic lens
Also it is connected with external air source.
The top of further telescopic lens is can pass through the sheet glass of high energy sunshine or laser, and bottom is for leading to
Enter the taper type sleeve of protective gas.
Further sunshine condenser system aggregation sunshine is in once aggregation sunshine or Second Aggregation sunshine
It is a kind of；Laser, CO of the laser that laser generating system occurs for sunshine conversion2One kind in laser, optical-fiber laser.
The angle α of further magnesium metal collector blast fence and horizontal plane is between 45~90 °；Magnesium metal collector
Bottom be taper, magnesium metal outlet positioned at taper end.
Gas temperature measuring instrument is installed on further magnesium vapor conduit；Set on the cooler close to magnesium vapor conduit
There is auxiliary cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter.
A kind of semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method, concrete operations technical process is as follows：This method concrete operations technical process is such as
Under：The piston of reactor returns to the bottom of reactor in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear；By the pelletizing containing magnesia and reducing agent by
Feed bin is entered in reactor by control valve by passage；All control gas valve injection protective gas are opened, are protected
Shield gas is blown into inside reaction unit by shield gas flow rate meter by telescopic lens, sunshine condenser system or laser hair
Raw system sends aggregation sunshine or laser beam and is irradiated to pelletizing in reactor, and light beam is moved on pelletizing surface；Also originate in
Raw magnesium vapor and the mixed gas of protective gas are by magnesium vapor conduit from reaction unit enters magnesium metal collector, and magnesium steams
Gas is condensed into metal magnesium granules by way of cooler interlayer water cooling and fallen in removable disposable box；High temperature dwell in cooler
Shield gas enters heat exchanger through exhaust outlet and pipeline, and high temperature protection gas becomes after cold conditions to return to set through pipeline by heat exchanger
The gas access of cartridge type lens；After the reaction completely of reactor inner surface pelletizing, piston is in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear after reacting
Pelletizing release barrel upper edge, then reaction slag ball is scraped by scum board and falls on reaction unit bottom, piston exists afterwards
Original position is returned in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear, feeding device is fed simultaneously；Slag ball enters seal box by control valve.
It is direct irradiation that further aggregation sunshine or laser, which provide heat source way, and spot diameter is 2~20mm, power
For 300~4000W, light beam is a branch of or multi beam.
Further aggregation sunshine or laser light velocity move mode are spiral from inside to outside, ecto-entad spiral or " bow "
Font one of which, light beam rate travel is 0.1~10mm/s.
Further mixed gas temperature is measured by gas temperature measuring instrument, makes magnesium vapor cold if temperature is too high
It is solidifying, be passed through cold conditions protective gas by aiding in cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter, cold conditions protective gas for not with metal reactive magnesium
Gas, range of flow is 5~40ml/min, and temperature is less than 20 DEG C.
The thickness of pelletizing is 10~40mm in further reactor.
The present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect：
The sunshine or laser assembled using free of contamination primary energy shine directly into the surface of reactant by lens
And offer continues cheap thermal source, improves heating efficiency, shortens smelting cycle, produce producing high purity metal magnesium, reduces
The production cost of magnesium metal and reduction environmental pollution, realize Smelting magnesium industry value chain.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention.
In figure：101- shield gas flow rate meters；The telescopic lens of 102-；103- scum boards；104- pelletizings；105- reacts
Device；106- lift struts；107- objective tables；108- sunshines condenser system or laser generating system；109- sealing shells；110-
Lowering or hoisting gear；111- control devices；201- gas temperature measuring instrument；202- water inlets；204- exhaust outlets；205- blast fences；
206- delivery ports；207- magnesium vapor conduits；208- aids in cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter；The removable collectors of 209-；；301- slags
Ball；303- seal boxs；The 305- slag cars；401- feed bins；403- passages；501- heat exchangers；502- pipelines.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not enough into any limitation of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device, including reaction unit, magnesium metal collector, slag-draining device,
Feed device and heat-exchanger rig, be specially：
The reaction unit includes sealing shell 109, and the inside of sealing shell 109 is provided with objective table 107, with objective table
107 just to the top of sealing shell 109 be provided with entrance window, the telescopic lens 102 with gas access are installed on entrance window,
The top of telescopic lens 102 is can pass through the sheet glass of high energy sunshine or laser, and bottom is for being passed through protective gas
Taper type sleeve.Shield gas flow rate meter 101 is provided with gas access.The top of entrance window is provided with sunshine condenser system or swashs
System 108 occurs for light, and sunshine condenser system aggregation sunshine is one in once aggregation sunshine or Second Aggregation sunshine
Kind；Laser, CO of the laser that laser generating system occurs for sunshine conversion2One kind in laser, optical-fiber laser.Objective table
107 are provided with reactor 105, and reactor 105 is the piston structure of upper opening, and its barrel is fixed on objective table 107, piston
It is connected on the lift strut 106 for being disposed below lowering or hoisting gear 110；The side of reactor 105 passes through control device 111 provided with one
Control its reciprocating scum board 103.Reaction unit and reactor cross-section are circular, oval, square or it is Ta Yijia
The shape of work.
The magnesium metal collector includes cooler, and its top is provided with magnesium vapor entrance and exhaust outlet.Magnesium vapor entrance leads to
Cross magnesium vapor conduit 207 with reaction unit to be connected, as shown in figure 1, it (can also be 1 that the quantity of magnesium metal collector, which is 2,
Or more than 2), it is connected using corresponding 2 magnesium vapor conduits 207 with reaction unit.Top in cooler is provided with air-flow
Baffle plate 205 simultaneously separates magnesium vapor entrance and exhaust outlet 204, and the angle α of blast fence and horizontal plane is gas between 45~90 °
The effect of stream baffle plate 205 is to avoid magnesium vapor from directly from exhaust outlet outflow, so as to the residence time long enough in cooler, making
Magnesium vapor is sufficiently cool.The bottom of cooler is exported provided with magnesium metal, and the bottom of magnesium metal collector is taper, magnesium metal outlet
Positioned at the end of taper, removable collector 209 is installed in outlet.Cooler casing is that interlayer water-cooling structure passes through water inlet
202 and delivery port 206 and Valve controlling.Gas temperature measuring instrument 201 is installed on magnesium vapor conduit 207；Close to magnesium vapor
The cooler of conduit 207 is provided with auxiliary cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter 208, it is therefore an objective to increase the condensation effect of cooler.
The slag-draining device is located at below reaction unit, including seal box 303, seal box 303 be respectively equipped with up and down by
Valve controlling enters cinder notch and slag notch, enters cinder notch and is connected through the bottom of sealing shell 109 with reaction unit.The slag car 305 is located at
Immediately below slag notch, air is avoided to flow into reaction unit by controlling the valve interleaved switching into cinder notch and slag notch.
The feed device is located above reaction unit, including feed bin 401, the outlet of feed bin 401 and one end of passage 403
Connect and by Valve controlling, the other end of passage 403 passes through the sealing shell 109 of reaction unit and points to opening for reactor 105
Mouthful.
The heat-exchanger rig includes heat exchanger 501, and its air inlet is connected by the exhaust outlet 204 of pipeline and magnesium metal collector
Connect, its gas outlet is connected to by pipeline on the gas access of telescopic lens 102 after condensed device condensation, and effect is by high temperature
Inert gas is further cooled down.The quantity of magnesium metal collector of the present invention is 2, and corresponding exhaust outlet is through pipe influx to together
It is connected with air inlet.The gas access of telescopic lens 102 is also connected with external air source.
A kind of semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method, this method concrete operations technical process is as follows：The piston of reactor 105 is rising
The bottom of reactor 105 is returned in the presence of falling unit 110；Pelletizing containing magnesia and reducing agent is passed through into control by feed bin 401
Valve processed is entered in reactor 105 by passage 403；All control gas valve injection protective gas are opened, outside is protected
Shield gas is blown into inside reaction unit by telescopic lens 102 by shield gas flow rate meter 101, sunshine condenser system or
Laser generating system sends aggregation sunshine or laser beam and is irradiated in reactor 105 on pelletizing 104, and light beam is in pelletizing table
Move in face.The mixed gas for reducing the magnesium vapor produced and protective gas enters gold by magnesium vapor conduit 207 from reaction unit
Belong in magnesium collector, magnesium vapor is condensed into metal magnesium granules by way of cooler interlayer water cooling and fallen in removable disposable box
In 209, interlayer water cooling to the water filling of water inlet 201 and the draining of delivery port 204 by realizing.Mixed gas temperature passes through gas temperature
Degree measuring instrument 201 is measured, and magnesium vapor is not condensed if temperature is too high, by aiding in cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter 208 to lead to
Enter cold conditions protective gas, cold conditions protective gas is gas not with metal reactive magnesium, and range of flow is 5~40ml/min, temperature
For less than 20 DEG C.High temperature protection gas enters heat exchanger 501 through exhaust outlet and pipeline in cooler, and high temperature protection gas is by changing
Hot device becomes to return to the gas access of telescopic lens 102 after cold conditions through pipeline；The reaction of the inner surface pelletizing of reactor 105 is complete
Afterwards, piston releases reacted pelletizing in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear 110 on the upper edge of barrel, then by scum board 103
Reaction slag ball, which is scraped, falls on reaction unit bottom, and piston returns to original position, feeding device in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear 110 afterwards
Fed simultaneously, realize the operation of semicontinuous feeding and deslagging；Slag ball by controlling imported valve to enter seal box 303,
Then by controlling outlet valve to enter in the slag car 305.Specific embodiment is shown in Table 1.
The embodiment technological parameter of table 1 and effect
Purity is finally given for more than 99.3% micro mist rank metal magnesium powder, the ultimate cost of magnesium metal is computed by tradition
Ten thousand yuan/ton of Pidgeon process 2.0-2.2 can drop to more than 3200 yuan/ton.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device, it is characterised in that：Including reaction unit, magnesium metal collector, slag-draining device, send
Expect device and heat-exchanger rig, be specially：
The reaction unit includes sealing shell (109), and the inside of sealing shell (109) is provided with objective table (107), with objective table
(107) just to the top of sealing shell (109) be provided with entrance window, the telescopic lens with gas access are installed on entrance window
(102) shield gas flow rate meter (101), is provided with gas access, the top of entrance window is provided with sunshine condenser system or laser
Generation system (108)；Objective table (107) is provided with reactor (105), and reactor (105) is the piston structure of upper opening, its
Barrel is fixed on objective table (107), and piston, which is connected to, to be disposed below on the lift strut of lowering or hoisting gear (110) (106)；Instead
Answer and its reciprocating scum board (103) is controlled by control device (111) provided with one by device (105)；
The magnesium metal collector includes cooler, and its top is provided with magnesium vapor entrance and exhaust outlet, and magnesium vapor entrance passes through magnesium
Steam conduit (207) is connected with reaction unit, the top in cooler provided with blast fence (205) and by magnesium vapor entrance and
Exhaust outlet (204) is separated, and the bottom of cooler is exported provided with magnesium metal, and removable collector (209) is provided with outlet；Cooling
Device shell is that interlayer water-cooling structure passes through water inlet (202) and delivery port (206) and Valve controlling；
The slag-draining device include seal box (303), seal box (303) up and down be respectively equipped with by Valve controlling enter cinder notch and
Slag notch, enters cinder notch and is connected through sealing shell (109) bottom with reaction unit；
The feed device includes feed bin (401), and feed bin (401) outlet is connected with one end of passage (403) and by valve control
System, passage (403) other end passes through the sealing shell (109) of reaction unit and points to the opening of reactor (105)；
The heat-exchanger rig includes heat exchanger (501), and its air inlet is connected by pipeline with the exhaust outlet of magnesium metal collector, passes through
Its gas outlet is connected to by pipeline on the gas access of telescopic lens (102) after condenser condensation, telescopic lens 102
Gas access is also connected with external air source.
2. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Telescopic lens (102)
Top is can pass through the sheet glass of high energy sunshine or laser, and bottom is the taper type sleeve for being passed through protective gas.
3. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Sunshine condenser system is assembled
Sunshine is one kind in once aggregation sunshine or Second Aggregation sunshine；The laser that laser generating system occurs is the sun
Laser, the CO of light conversion2One kind in laser, optical-fiber laser.
4. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Magnesium metal collector air-flow is kept off
The angle α of plate and horizontal plane is between 45~90 °；The bottom of magnesium metal collector is taper, and magnesium metal outlet is positioned at taper
End.
5. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On magnesium vapor conduit (207)
Gas temperature measuring instrument (201) is installed；Auxiliary cold conditions protective gas is being provided with the cooler of magnesium vapor conduit (207)
Flowmeter (208).
6. a kind of semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method of any one of usage right requirement 1~5 described device, it is characterised in that this method
Specific operation process is as follows：The piston of reactor (105) returns to the bottom of reactor (105) in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear (110)
Portion；Pelletizing containing magnesia and reducing agent is entered into reactor by control valve by feed bin (401) by passage (403)
(105) in；All control gas valve injection protective gas are opened, protective gas is passed through by shield gas flow rate meter (101)
Telescopic lens (102) are blown into inside reaction unit, sunshine condenser system or laser generating system send aggregation sunshine or
Laser beam is simultaneously irradiated to reactor (105) interior pelletizing (104), and light beam is moved on pelletizing surface；Reduce produce magnesium vapor and
The mixed gas of protective gas is by magnesium vapor conduit (207) from reaction unit enters magnesium metal collector, and magnesium vapor passes through
The mode of cooler interlayer water cooling is condensed into metal magnesium granules and fallen in removable disposable box (209)；High temperature dwell in cooler
Protect gas and enter heat exchanger (501) through exhaust outlet and pipeline, high temperature protection gas becomes after cold conditions to return through pipeline by heat exchanger
Return to the gas access of telescopic lens (102)；After the reaction completely of reactor (105) inner surface pelletizing, piston is in lowering or hoisting gear
(110) reacted pelletizing is released in the presence of the upper edge of barrel, reaction slag ball is then scraped by scum board (103) by whereabouts
To reaction unit bottom, piston returns to original position in the presence of lowering or hoisting gear (110) afterwards, and feeding device enters luggage simultaneously
Material；Slag ball enters seal box (303) by control valve.
7. semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Assemble sunshine or laser provides heat
Source mode is direct irradiation, and spot diameter is 2~20mm, and power is 300~4000W, and light beam is a branch of or multi beam.
8. the semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：Assemble sunshine or laser light
Fast move mode is spiral, ecto-entad spiral or " bow " font one of which from inside to outside, light beam rate travel for 0.1~
10mm/s。
9. semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Mixed gas temperature passes through gas temperature
Measuring instrument (201) measurement is spent, magnesium vapor is not condensed if temperature is too high, by aiding in cold conditions shield gas flow rate meter
(208) cold conditions protective gas is passed through, cold conditions protective gas is gas not with metal reactive magnesium, and range of flow is 5~40ml/
Min, temperature is less than 20 DEG C.
10. semicontinuous magnesium smelting reducing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The thickness of pelletizing is in reactor
10~40mm.
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| CN101157989A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2008-04-09 | 中南大学 | Induction heating continuous magnesium-smelting system and continuous magnesium-smelting technique |
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| CN102264927A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2011-11-30 | 伊莱特控股有限公司 | Laser refining apparatus and laser refining method |
| CN102692129A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-09-26 | 沈阳鑫博工业技术发展有限公司 | Magnesium metal continuous production equipment and process method |
| CN104120282A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-29 | 东北大学 | Method for smelting magnesium quickly and continuously |
| CN204311115U (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-05-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of semicontinuous magnesium-smelting reduction device |
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- 2014-11-28 CN CN201410707101.2A patent/CN105695768B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1166532A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1997-12-03 | 李耀中 | Magnesium-smelting reducer with vertical reducing chamber and continuous charger and relevant technological process |
| CN101117667A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2008-02-06 | 北京科技大学 | Magnesium metal reduction process using liquid calcium as reducing agent and device thereof |
| CN101157989A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2008-04-09 | 中南大学 | Induction heating continuous magnesium-smelting system and continuous magnesium-smelting technique |
| CN102264927A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2011-11-30 | 伊莱特控股有限公司 | Laser refining apparatus and laser refining method |
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