CN105695642A

CN105695642A - Fur tanning method for effectively reducing discharged wastewater COD

Info

Publication number: CN105695642A
Application number: CN201610087628.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田振刚; 郑超斌; 郑红超; 郝安生
Original assignee: Beijing Fanbo Cleaning Technology Research Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Fanbo Cleaning Technology Research Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-02-16
Filing date: 2016-02-16
Publication date: 2016-06-22
Anticipated expiration: 2036-02-16
Also published as: CN105695642B

Abstract

The invention provides a fur tanning method for effectively reducing discharged wastewater COD. The fur tanning method comprises the following steps that A, high-quality raw material fur is selected and subjected to immersing treatment and degreasing, an aqueous solution with the lipase concentration being 2-3 g/L and the Alit degreasing agent concentration being 0.5-1 g/L is adopted in the degreasing process, the ratio of the mass of the aqueous solution to the mass of the fur is 20-30:1; and B, after being processed through the step A, the fur is subjected to softening picking, tanning and cleaning and finally is obtained. According to the fur tanning method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adopting an enzymic preparation capable of replacing a degreasing agent, water pollution caused by degreasing during large scale production is reduced to a great degree; thus, the production cost is reduced greatly, process operation is simplified, and discharged COD/BOD is reduced.

Description

A kind of fur tanning method of effective reduction waste discharge COD

Technical field

The present invention relates to animal fur manufacture field, in particular to the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD。

Background technology

Stable, fast-developing along with World Economics, the living standard of people improves constantly, the fur coat dress ornament that the past signifies as rich merchant noble, enters into increasing fashional consumption person life gradually, the fashion of current fur product is increasingly stronger, and its popular pattern gets more and more。Meanwhile, the fashion design of FUR GARMENT style, a large amount of employings of other clothing fur coat edging, also make the consumption figure cumulative year after year of fur coat。And the trend of the consumer groups' more and more rejuvenation along with FUR GARMENT, personalization becomes new pattern requirement。The rag trade reached its maturity and develop leads the trend of fashionable life, infinite commercial opportunities are provided to leather and fur processing industry, leather and fur dyeing and finishing processing being it is also proposed higher requirement, leather and fur processing industry relies on the technological progress of leather and fur chemical industry to occupy more and more important position in the apparel industry of riot of color simultaneously。

Wherein, carrying out the requisite link of fur manufacturing and be tanning processes, tanning can make generation cross-bond between collagen polypeptide chain, adds the stability of collagen structure, improve shrinkage temperature and hydrothermal stability, improve the ability of the chemicals such as antiacid, alkali, enzyme。General rawhide needs through a series of preparatory process such as immersion, defat, softening, picklings before tanning, and current fur market is all use the special degreasing agent of fur (surfactant) to be used for raw hide is carried out defat mostly in the common process making fur；Use degreasing agent fur is carried out defat to produce substantial amounts of pollution, the index severe overweight such as COD, BOD in waste water, cause in later stage sewage disposal relatively costly。

In view of this, the special proposition present invention。

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD, by adopting a kind of enzyme preparation that can replace degreasing agent, oils and fats is had certain removal effect by this enzyme preparation, dermatotome oils and fats is greatly reduced, utilize this enzyme preparation to act on this operation and can also greatly reduce original degreasing agent pollution on the environment, thus decreasing the pollution because of defat, water caused in big production to a great extent, greatly reduce production cost, simplify technological operation, reduce the discharge of COD, BOD。

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:

Embodiments provide a kind of fur tanning method that can effectively reduce waste discharge COD, comprise the steps:

(A) selecting the raw material fur of high-quality, after immersion processes, carry out defat, in skimming processes, employing lipase concentration is 2-3g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is the aqueous solution of 0.5-1g/L, and the quality of described aqueous solution and the quality of fur are 20-30:1；

(B) fur processed through above-mentioned steps is then through after softening pickling, tanning, cleaning, to obtain final product。

In prior art, tanning is to produce to cause substantial amounts of discharge of wastewater, thus contaminated environment, jeopardize the physical and mental health of people, especially in the every preparation before tanning, the degreasing agent adopted in skimming processes can produce substantial amounts of waste water after fur is carried out defat, COD, BOD severe overweight in waste water, also need to follow-up waste water is administered after can be only achieved discharge standard, add running cost virtually, also operator and operating environment are polluted, disagree with the theory of environmental protection。The present invention is in order to effectively solve the technical problem appeared above, provide a kind of fur tanning method that can effectively reduce waste discharge COD, skimming processes specially with the addition of lipase to reduce the consumption of degreasing agent own, oils and fats is had certain removal effect by this enzyme preparation of lipase, dermatotome oils and fats is greatly reduced, it is easy to being smoothed out of follow-up tanning processes, dermatotome can also be played certain maintenance action, owing to the interpolation of lipase greatly reduces the addition of original degreasing agent, thus reducing the degreasing agent pollution to environment, largely decrease the pollution that water is caused by the defat of fur manufacturing field, effectively reduce COD, the discharge of BOD, decrease the running cost of follow-up improvement sewage, save manpower and materials。Additionally, it should be noted that the consumption of the lipase of interpolation, under the premise without lipase, the concentration of the Ai Lite degreasing agent in aqueous solution needs to reach 2-3g/L, but the present invention with the addition of lipase just, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration controls to meet defat requirement at 0.5-1g/L, the concentration of certain lipase is also find to control in the scope that this is suitable by repeatedly practising, can greatly reducing oil quantity again without influence on the glossiness of dermatotome itself, therefore concentration range needs to hold and is suitable for。Preferably, in the aqueous solution adopted in skimming processes, lipase concentration is 2.5-2.8g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is 0.7-0.9g/L, optimum, lipase concentration is 2.7g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is 0.8g/L。Lipase concentration can also take 2.1g/L, 2.2g/L, 2.3g/L, 2.6g/L, 2.7g/L, 2.9g/L etc.。The mass ratio also having aqueous solution and fur needs to be strict controlled in 20-30:1, and this parameter is relevant except the kind with the fur selected, and alsos for be sufficiently impregnated with by fur and will not wasting medicament, so that reaching mutual balance between both。

Additionally, two important operating parameters of skimming processes, what skimming temp and degreasing time directly decide whole defat carries out degree, skimming temp controls at 30-40 DEG C, degreasing time controls at 60-90min, it is preferable that skimming temp is 32-38 DEG C, and degreasing time is 70-80min, skimming temp can also be 33 DEG C, 34 DEG C, 35 DEG C, 36 DEG C etc., and the time of defat can also be 65min, 67min, 69min, 72min, 75min etc.。Degreasing time is unsuitable oversize also should not be too short, these operating parameters are all based on the performance of the dermatotome of fur own to carry out putting into practice and obtains, dermatotome itself can be made durable, the performance improving dermatotome itself will not make again dermatotome be subject to any infringement, it is therefore desirable to controls when suitable skimming temp and degreasing time。

Except skimming processes adopts specific degreasing agent, the immersion process of the present invention have also been made and is correspondingly improved, immersion processing procedure includes immersion, main immersion and process of soaking again, wherein in the medicament aqueous solution used by immersion process again, sodium chloride concentration is 20-30g/L, Ai Lite concentration of wetting agent is 1.5-2ml/L, and lipase concentration is 1-2g/L。Visible immersion process again also specially with the addition of lipase, although levels not as in above skimming processes concentration high, but also can assist the process playing defat so that defat is more thorough。The general multiple medicament aqueous solution of immersion controls at 20-30:1 with the mass ratio of fur, is just soaked fully by fur and will not waste medicament。

The temperature of pickling is preferably controlled between 30-40 DEG C, and the step of pickling preferably divides three phases to carry out, the first stage adopts sodium chloride concentration to be 50-60g/L, and prestige this degreasing agent JA-50 concentration is 0.5-0.7ml/L, formic acid concn is the aqueous solution of 2-3ml/L, and interval stirs 60-80min；Second stage adds Ai Lite macerating enzyme BRH in aqueous so that its concentration is 1-2g/L, and interval stirs 2-3h；Phase III adds Weiler fatting agent FNP in aqueous so that its concentration is 1-2ml/L, add sulphuric acid so that its concentration is 1-2ml/L, interval is stirred and stands more than 12h, first at salt, the mixed aqueous solution discontinuous of degreasing agent and formic acid composition stirs a period of time, Ai Lite macerating enzyme is added again in the mixed solution that above reagent forms, finally add sulphuric acid to continue to stir, thus completing whole leaching acid treatment step, the concentration of the reagent of each step all has certain requirement, need to control in suitable scope, it is divided into three phases although visible, but in fact carry out in same mixed aqueous solution, simply constantly carrying out along with acid soaking step, add different medicaments successively, the order of addition of medicament also has specific requirement, because if order of addition may upset being normally carried out of whole process for tanning before and after reverse。It is have suitable area requirement that different medicaments concentration in aqueous also has。More excellent, stand more than 12h after second stage pickling process and be warming up to 30-40 DEG C again and carry out phase III pickling process。

Preparation by steps such as the immersion before tanning, defat, picklings, creating advantage for tanning, before tanning, the effect of preparation is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1) remove put on discommodity such as subcutaneous tissue, oils and fats, foul, preserver, some skin end to end etc.；2) make to return to Cortex Dictamni state through antiseptic raw material skin moisture and moisture in the structure of the distribution situation of Intradermal, hide fiber；3) remove the interfibrillar substance of Intradermal, destroy elastic fiber and muscular tissue, loose collagen fiber。

After the preparations such as immersion, defat, pickling, it is simply that important tanning processes, the temperature of tanning controls between 30-40 DEG C, and temperature is too high can affect the color and luster of fur, feel and mechanical performance。The step of tanning specifically includes: first adopt sodium chloride concentration to be 50-60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-50 concentration be the aqueous solution interval that 0.5-2ml/L, Weiler fatting agent FLH concentration are 1-2ml/L to stir 60-80min, add prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC again so that its concentration is 5-6g/L, adds chromium powder so that its concentration is 6-7g/L, interval stirs more than 90min, then stands more than 12h。The mixed aqueous solution dipping that salt, degreasing agent and fatting agent are formed first is adopted to carry out stirring tan, then chrome and aluminium tanning agent, chromium powder are added again in aqueous so that prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC concentration in aqueous controls at 5-6g/L, chromium powder concentration in aqueous controls at 6-7g/L, carry out effective chrome tanning so that fur converts bark to, improve the performance of each side。

Finally, stand after more than 12h, add Ai Lite auxiliary tanning agent B so that its concentration is 2-3g/L, play the effect helping tan simultaneously by the pH regulator of system to 3.8-4.0 between, reach to be more suitable for the condition of tan。

Before and after the fur tanning method of the embodiment of the present invention, step linking is closely, the operating condition that each step is best each through putting into practice optimization in a large number, it is thus desirable to implement operation in strict accordance with the solution of the present invention, the medicament involved by above step produces by Fanbo Chemicals Co., Ltd.。

Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that

(1) the invention provides the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD, preparation method is simple, easy to operate, cost is low, process stabilizing, and before and after process, step linking is closely, each technique operating parameter is reasonable in design, needing during concrete operations to carry out in strict accordance with the operating procedure of the present invention, step can not overturn by tandem, can not lack any one processing step, this process is follow-up reference highly, has the meaning being widely popularized；

(2) the fur skin base that the process for tanning of the present invention makes is utilized can to reach the blue skin requirement made by common process, and utilize the fur that this technique makes more soft, plentiful, improve the added value of fur own, most important being in that can reduce the water pollution produced in common process, is processing the produced expenses in a large number of water pollution thus reducing；

(3) the invention by adopting a kind of enzyme preparation that can replace degreasing agent, oils and fats is had certain removal effect by this enzyme preparation, dermatotome oils and fats is greatly reduced, utilize this enzyme preparation to act on this operation and can also greatly reduce original degreasing agent pollution on the environment, thus decreasing the pollution because of defat, water caused in big production to a great extent, greatly reduce production cost, simplify technological operation, reduce COD, the discharge of BOD, and the cost of enzyme preparation own is low, reduce cost of material, create broader economic benefit, the foundation being referred to is provided for subsequent operation。

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and are not construed as restriction the scope of the present invention。Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, conventionally the condition of condition or manufacturer's suggestion carries out。Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can pass through the commercially available conventional products bought and obtain。

Embodiment 1

The fur tanning method of the present embodiment carries out in accordance with the following steps:

1) selecting the raw material skin of high-quality, deburring, tail of decaptitating, batching is weighed；

2) immersion in advance: utilize paddle-tumble, be room temperature in temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1 (calculating by tare weight), and Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, preservative 0.3g/L soak 3-4h；Main immersion: temperature is room temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, interval paddling overnight, secondary sunrise skin, after weigh by cropping fleshing, carry out multiple immersion: liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 20g/L, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1.5ml/L, lipase 1g/L, slip-stick, also fleshing, deburring after overnight；

3) defat: temperature is 30 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, lipase 2g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent H0.5g/L, paddling 60-90min, goes out skin, washes after-tack pickling: temperature is 30 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 50g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.5ml/L, formic acid 2.5ml/L interval paddling 60min, Ai Lite macerating enzyme BRH1.5g/L, more than overnight stand 12h after interval paddling 2h；Heating up next day 30-40 DEG C, add Weiler fatting agent FNP1ml/L, sulphuric acid 1.2ml/L after paddling 30min, interval paddling, overnight, m seq goes out skin；

4) tanning: temperature is 30 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 50g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.5ml/L, Weiler fatting agent FLH1ml/L, paddling 60min, prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC5g/L, chromium powder 6g/L, add chromium powder 6g/L after paddling 90min, interval paddling, overnight；Add Ai Lite auxiliary tanning agent B2g/L next day, pH regulator to about 3.8-4.0, interval paddling, overnight, secondary sunrise skin；

5) washing skin: temperature is 35 DEG C, liquor ratio is 30:1, formic acid 0.3ml/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.5wt%, goes out skin control water after paddling 20min。

Embodiment 2

2) immersion in advance: utilize paddle-tumble, be room temperature in temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1 (calculating by tare weight), and Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, preservative 0.3g/L soak 3-4h；Main immersion: temperature is room temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, interval paddling overnight, secondary sunrise skin, after weigh by cropping fleshing, carry out multiple immersion: liquor ratio is 30:1, sodium chloride 30g/L, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC2ml/L, lipase 2g/L, slip-stick, also fleshing, deburring after overnight；

3) defat: temperature is 40 DEG C, liquor ratio is 30:1, lipase 3g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent H1g/L, paddling 70-80min, goes out skin, washes after-tack pickling: temperature is 40 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.7ml/L, formic acid 2ml/L interval paddling 80min, Ai Lite macerating enzyme BRH1g/L, more than overnight stand 12h after interval paddling 3h；Heating up next day 30-40 DEG C, add Weiler fatting agent FNP2ml/L, sulphuric acid 1ml/L after paddling 30min, interval paddling, overnight, m seq goes out skin；

4) tanning: temperature is 40 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-502ml/L, Weiler fatting agent FLH2ml/L, paddling 80min, prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC6g/L, chromium powder 7g/L, add chromium powder 6g/L after paddling 90min, interval paddling, overnight；Add Ai Lite auxiliary tanning agent B3g/L next day, pH regulator to about 3.8-4.0, interval paddling, overnight, secondary sunrise skin；

Embodiment 3

2) immersion in advance: utilize paddle-tumble, be room temperature in temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1 (calculating by tare weight), and Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, preservative 0.3g/L soak 3-4h；Main immersion: temperature is room temperature, liquor ratio is 20:1, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1ml/L, interval paddling overnight, secondary sunrise skin, after weigh by cropping fleshing, carry out multiple immersion: liquor ratio is 25:1, sodium chloride 25g/L, Ai Lite wetting agent HAC1.8ml/L, lipase 1.5g/L, slip-stick, also fleshing, deburring after overnight；

3) defat: temperature is 32 DEG C, liquor ratio is 25:1, lipase 2.5g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent H0.7g/L, paddling 70-80min, goes out skin, washes after-tack pickling: temperature is 32 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.7ml/L, formic acid 3ml/L interval paddling 80min, Ai Lite macerating enzyme BRH2g/L, more than overnight stand 12h after interval paddling 3h；Heating up next day 30-40 DEG C, add Weiler fatting agent FNP1.5ml/L, sulphuric acid 2ml/L after paddling 30min, interval paddling, overnight, m seq goes out skin；

4) tanning: temperature is 35 DEG C, liquor ratio is 20:1, sodium chloride 60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-500.5ml/L, Weiler fatting agent FLH2ml/L, paddling 80min, prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC5.5g/L, chromium powder 6.5g/L, add chromium powder 6g/L after paddling 90min, interval paddling, overnight；Add Ai Lite auxiliary tanning agent B2.5g/L next day, pH regulator to about 3.8-4.0, interval paddling, overnight, secondary sunrise skin；

Embodiment 4

The fur tanning method of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, simply step 3) in the operating procedure of defat be: temperature is 38 DEG C, and liquor ratio is 25:1, lipase 2.8g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent H0.9g/L, paddling 70-80min, goes out skin。

Embodiment 5

The fur tanning method of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 3, simply step 3) in the operating procedure of defat be: temperature is 36 DEG C, and liquor ratio is 25:1, lipase 2.7g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent H0.8g/L, paddling 70-80min, goes out skin。

Comparative example 1

Operating procedure is substantially the same manner as Example 5, simply step 3) in the operating procedure of defat be: temperature is 36 DEG C, and liquor ratio is 25:1, Ai Lite degreasing agent H3g/L, paddling 70-80min, goes out skin, step 2) in be also added without lipase。

Experimental example 1

Embodiment of the present invention 1-5 process for tanning will be adopted through the tanning fur obtained and each 10 of the fur adopting the process for tanning of comparative example 1 to obtain, by repeatedly observing and measuring performance, contrast from aspects such as the sense organ of fur and mechanical performances, and the waste water obtained is carried out Indexs measure, concrete comparative result is such as shown in following table 1-3:

The subjective appreciation table of table 1 fur

The mechanical performance of table 2 fur

The Indexs measure result of the whole process for tanning output waste water of table 3

Can be seen that from table 1-3, the fur of the embodiment of the present invention aspect such as from sense organ to mechanical performance, all more excellent compared with the fur that the processing method of prior art obtains, it is seen that the process for tanning of the present invention should be widely promoted application, not only environmental protection and also the performance of fur each side can also be improved。

Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that may be made that when without departing substantially from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment。It is, therefore, intended that include all such changes and modifications belonging in the scope of the invention in the following claims。

Claims

1. the fur tanning method of an effective reduction waste discharge COD, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

(A) selecting the raw material fur of high-quality, after immersion processes, carry out defat, in skimming processes, employing lipase concentration is 2-3g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is the aqueous solution of 0.5-1g/L, and the mass ratio of described aqueous solution and fur is 20-30:1；

2. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (A), immersion processing procedure includes pre-immersion, main immersion and process of soaking again, wherein in the medicament aqueous solution used by immersion process again, sodium chloride concentration is 20-30g/L, Ai Lite concentration of wetting agent is 1.5-2ml/L, and lipase concentration is 1-2g/L。

3. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the multiple medicament aqueous solution of immersion is 20-30:1 with the mass ratio of fur。

4. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (A), in the described aqueous solution adopted in skimming processes, lipase concentration is 2.5-2.8g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is 0.7-0.9g/L, it is preferable that lipase concentration is 2.7g/L, Ai Lite degreasing agent concentration is 0.8g/L。

5. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (A), skimming temp is 30-40 DEG C, degreasing time is 60-90min, it is preferable that skimming temp is 32-38 DEG C, and degreasing time is 70-80min。

6. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (B), the temperature of pickling controls at 30-40 DEG C。

7. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (B), described acid soaking step includes three phases to carry out, first stage adopts sodium chloride concentration to be 50-60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-50 concentration is 0.5-0.7ml/L, and formic acid concn is the aqueous solution of 2-3ml/L, and interval stirs 60-80min；Second stage adds Ai Lite macerating enzyme BRH in aqueous, and its concentration in aqueous controls at 1-2g/L, and interval stirs 2-3h；Phase III adds Weiler fatting agent FNP, sulphuric acid, they concentration in aqueous respectively 1-2ml/L, 1-2ml/L in aqueous successively, and interval is stirred and stands more than 12h。

8. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described step (B), stand more than 12h after second stage pickling process, then be warming up to 30-40 DEG C and carry out phase III pickling process。

9. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (B), the temperature of tanning controls at 30-40 DEG C；

Preferably, in tannery, first adopt sodium chloride concentration to be 50-60g/L, prestige this degreasing agent JA-50 concentration be the aqueous solution interval that 0.5-2ml/L, Weiler fatting agent FLH concentration are 1-2ml/L to stir 60-80min, add prestige this chrome and aluminium tanning agent AC, chromium powder more successively, they concentration in aqueous respectively 5-6g/L, 6-7g/L, interval stirs more than 90min, then stands more than 12h。

10. the fur tanning method of a kind of effective reduction waste discharge COD according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, in described step (B), after standing more than 12h, adding Ai Lite auxiliary tanning agent B in aqueous, its concentration in aqueous controls at 2-3g/L。