CN105154600B - A kind of full workshop section's production ecological, environmental protective technique of pigs and cattle sheepskin - Google Patents
A kind of full workshop section's production ecological, environmental protective technique of pigs and cattle sheepskin Download PDFInfo
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- CN105154600B CN105154600B CN201510436361.5A CN201510436361A CN105154600B CN 105154600 B CN105154600 B CN 105154600B CN 201510436361 A CN201510436361 A CN 201510436361A CN 105154600 B CN105154600 B CN 105154600B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of full workshop section's production ecological, environmental protective technique of pigs and cattle sheepskin, it is related to leathermaking process field.Bubble skin fleshing, bag alkali are included using technique manufacture cattle and sheep leather, expansion, dealkalize, enzyme bating, pickling, tanning, alkali, intensification, standing, the shaving simultaneously process such as retanning and arrangement is put forward.Lime, ammonium salt, potassium bichromate etc. is not needed to produce the raw material of pollution, wastewater discharge to reduce 60% to environment using the technique productions cattle and sheep leather, wastewater treatment expense reduces 80%, and production cost reduces 60%.Additionally, compared with conventional leather production technology, the leather of the leather of technique manufacture technique manufacture has the superior functions such as grain is clear, pliability is high and shrinkage temperature is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Process for producing leather field, more particularly to a kind of full workshop section's production ecological, environmental protective work of pigs and cattle sheepskin
Skill.
Background technology
Leather has long manufacture and usage history, and it plays an important role in the life of Ancient people, such as screening
Body and tent material etc..With the development of human civilization, the animal and plant fiber such as silk, ramie and cotton is obtained as finery material cheap and easy to get
Sufficient development has been arrived, but leather does not exit the life of the mankind with the development of civilization, because the special nature of leather
It is set there are other finery materials to be difficult to the advantage reached at aspects such as warming, texture, comfort levels.With the hair of economic society
Exhibition, market is increasing to the demand of leather, and the environmental problem caused by conventional leather production technology more can not be ignored.
CN103146852 A (2013.06.12) disclose a kind of leather and leather and fur products and its processing method, the method
Serious environmental pollution can be caused in the manufacturing process of leather.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address the deficiency of existing production, solve what leather production brought by reforming existing process
Problem of environmental pollution.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention technical scheme is that：
（1）Bubble skin fleshing;
（2）Bag alkali：
Pasty state is pushed away into sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing without hair side, 180-300 minutes pusher hair is stood；
（3）Expansion：
The sheepskin after pigs and cattle skin or bubble skin fleshing and bag alkali after bubble skin fleshing is taken to be placed in the solution containing swelling agent
120-180 minutes, stand overnight；The swelling agent is Alcohol amine type surfactant；
（4）Dealkalize：
Pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after expansion is taken to be placed in without adjusting to 7-8 pH in ammonia dealkalize liquid；Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by
Water, dealkalize agent composition；
（5）Enzyme bating；
（6）Pickling；
（7）Tanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or sheepskin is put into and contains sodium thiosulfate, amphoteric fatliquor and modified glutaraldehyde
In solution；
（8）Carry alkali；
（9）Heat up；
（10）Stand；
（11）Shaving and retanning：
To addition retanning solution in the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after above-mentioned standing；Retanning solution is by acrylic acid, and resin is multiple
Tanning agent, disperses tannin, tannin extract, amphoteric fatliquor composition；
（12）Arrange.
Traditional leathermaking process largely uses lime in animal fur pushes away hair, expansion process, during dealkalize
Using ammonium salt as dealkalize agent；And lime turns into reluctant dirt after combined with the organic substances such as animal fat, protein
Dye thing, can only take land-fill method to process at present, while can also produce the discharge of substantial amounts of ammonia nitrogen compound during dealkalize, produce
The many heavily contaminateds of life;Traditional leather chrome tanning process easily causes the discharge beyond standards of heavy metal chromium and compound, can further make again
Into serious heavy metal pollution；By studying for a long period of time with after many experiments, discovery pushes away hair, expansion process to inventor in animal fur
In can not use lime, so as to prevent the residue contamination because being brought using lime；Inventor also found simultaneously, with organic weak
Acid replaces ammonium salt as dealkalize agent, greatly reduces the discharge capacity of ammonia nitrogen compound, reduces air and water pollution；
Inventor expects, replaces traditional tanning agent perhaps can solve leather with chrome-free tanning agent and produce brought heavy metal chromium
Pollution, but select which kind of tanning agent and subsequent technique can be promoted to be smoothed out again and the cortex of high-quality and intensity can be obtained,
It is insoluble technical barrier for a long time, finally, inventor is had found using containing sodium thiosulfate, amphoteric fatliquor and changing
Property glutaraldehyde solution as tanning agent, can fundamentally solve leather and produce brought heavy metal chromium pollution；
And present invention process more traditional Process for producing leather production cycle shortens, so as to reduce production cost；Adopt
The leather finally produced with present invention process has the superior performances such as grain clear, pliability, shrinkage temperature.
Preferably, the step (1) bubble skin fleshing is specially and takes pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into
In the soak of pH8-9, soak 20-30 minutes, then regulation pH to 8.5-9.5, soak 20-30 minutes to remove pigs and cattle sheepskin
On fatty and attached meat；The soak includes water 100-150 weight portions, soda ash 0.2-0.4 weight portions, degreasing agent by weight
0.2-0.4 weight portions.
Preferably, the pasty state pushes away mao alkali lye being made up of synthetic cellulose and vulcanized sodium, stone is replaced with synthetic cellulose
Ash is combined as pushing away a mao alkali lye with vulcanized sodium, and it pushes away capillary effect fruit and is better than traditional mao technique that pushes away, and can prevent pushing away a mao mistake
Lime residue contamination is produced in journey.
Preferably, the expansion agent solution is Alcohol amine type surfactant, including monoethanolamine, diethanol amine or three ethanol
One or more in amine.Using Alcohol amine type surfactant as swelling agent, the more traditional lime expansion of expansion effect will get well.And
And lime residue contamination can be greatly reduced as swelling agent instead of lime using Alcohol amine type surfactant.
Preferably, being made up of the weight portion of water 100, dealkalize agent 0.2-1 weight portions without ammonia dealkalize liquid.
It is highly preferred that described is organic monoacid without ammonia dealkalize liquid dealkalize agent.Replace ammonia as dealkalize using organic monoacid
Agent reduce because using ammonium salt as dealkalize agent caused by ammonia pollution problem.
Preferably, the enzyme bating is specially the pigskin after taking dealkalize or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100,30- is added
42 DEG C of bating liquors, adjust pH to 7-8, and washing is taken out after 30-50 minutes；Bating liquor is by 0.4-0.6 weight portions macerating enzyme and 80-
120 weight portion water are constituted.
Preferably, described be specially the pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 taken after softening, add and contain salt 6-
8 weight portions, sodium formate 0.7-1.5 weight portions in the solution of water 60-100 weight portions and soak 7-15 minutes；Then add thereto
Enter formic acid 0.4-0.8 weight portions and soak 7-15 minutes；Then sulfuric acid 0.8-1.6 weight portions are added thereto to and are kept for 15-30 points
Clock, adjusts pH to 2-3；It is eventually adding 0.8-1.6 parts sulfuric acids and adjusts pH to 2-3, and continues 120-240 minutes.
Preferably, the tanning is specially the pigskin after taking pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into pH2-4's
In hypo solution and soak 20-40 minutes, be subsequently adding 0.1-2 weight portions amphoteric fatliquor and soak 15-30 minutes,
It is subsequently adding modified glutaraldehyde and persistently 240-360 minutes.With hypo solution, amphoteric fatliquor, modified glutaraldehyde generation
For potassium bichromate as tanning agent, its tanning effect is better than traditional chrome tanning process and has prevented pollution of chromium in tannery
Produce.
Preferably, described carrying subtracts specially to soda ash solution is added in tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 5-
7。
Preferably, described intensification specially to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in tanning device is 1:1-5 stops, and adjusts solution temperature
Degree continues 240-360 minutes to 38-46 DEG C.
Preferably, retanning solution is by 10-14 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 4-8 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 1-2 weight portions point
Throwaway is peaceful, 7-15 weight portion tannin extracts, 5-10 weight portions amphoteric fatliquor composition.
In sum, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, traditional leathermaking process is a large amount of in animal fur pushes away hair, expansion process uses lime, and lime with
The organic substances such as animal fat, protein turn into reluctant pollutant after combining, and this pollutant is all taken fill out at present
The mode of burying is processed, and the present invention does not use lime in animal fur pushes away hair, expansion process, so as to prevent because being brought using lime
Residue contamination.
2nd, the present invention replaces ammonium salt as dealkalize agent using organic monoacid, greatly reduces the discharge capacity of ammonia nitrogen compound, subtracts
Few air and water pollution；
3rd, traditional leather chrome tanning process easily causes the discharge beyond standards of heavy metal chromium and compound, causes a serious huge sum of money
Category pollution, the present invention replaces traditional tanning agent to produce brought heavy metal chromium so as to fundamentally solve leather with chrome-free tanning agent
Pollution；
4th, the more traditional Process for producing leather reagent super quality and competitive price of the technique, the production cycle shortens, without lime residue generation,
The wastewater flow rate of discharge is few and is easily handled, so as to significantly reduce production cost；
5th, the leather that the leather technique for being produced using present invention process is manufactured has that grain is clear, pliability is high and receives
The superior function such as contracting temperature is high.
Specific embodiment
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, and it is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can make the modification without creative contribution to the present embodiment as needed after this specification is read, but as long as at this
All protected by Patent Law in the right of invention.
Embodiment 1
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：
Take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into soak, soak is by the weight portion of water 100, soda ash
0.3 weight portion composition each with degreasing agent, adjusts pH to 8, soaks 20 minutes, then regulation pH to 8.5, and immersion is removed after 20 minutes
Fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin.
（2）Bag alkali：
Pasty state is pushed away into sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing without hair side, 180 minutes pusher hairs are stood；
（3）Expansion：
Take the pigskin after pushing away hair or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is placed in the solution containing swelling agent 120 minutes, stand
Overnight.Expansion agent solution is by the weight portion of water 100, Alcohol amine type surfactant and each 1 weight portion composition of akali sulphide；
（4）Dealkalize：
Take pigskin or ox-hide after expansion or sheepskin is placed in without in ammonia dealkalize liquid, adjust pH to 8.Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by water
100 weight portions, the weight portion of formic acid 0.5 composition；
（5）Enzyme bating：
The pigskin after dealkalize or ox-hide or sheepskin are taken, 30 DEG C of bating liquors are added, pH is to 7 for regulation, and water is taken out after 30 minutes
Wash.Bating liquor is made up of 0.5 weight portion macerating enzyme and 100 weight portion water；
（6）Pickling：
The pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 after softening are taken, is added and is contained the weight portion of salt 6, the weight of sodium formate 0.7
Part, in the solution of the weight portion of water 60 and soak 10 minutes, be then added thereto to the weight portion of formic acid 0.4 simultaneously 10 minutes, Ran Houhou
Add the weight portion of sulfuric acid 0.8 and adjust pH to 3 and soak 15 minutes, be subsequently adding 0.8 parts sulfuric acid and adjust pH to 3, and
Continue 120 minutes；
（7）Tanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into 20 points of immersion in the hypo solution of pH2
Clock, is subsequently adding 1 weight portion amphoteric fatliquor and soaks 15 minutes, is subsequently adding modified glutaraldehyde and continues 240 minutes；
（8）Carry alkali：
To soda ash solution is added in above-mentioned tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 5；
（9）Heat up：
It is 1 to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in said apparatus:1 stops, and regulation solution temperature continues 240 minutes to 38 DEG C；
（10）Stand：
Take out pigskin or ox-hide after heating or sheepskin stands 24 hours；
（11）Retanning：
Pigskin or ox-hide after above-mentioned standing or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, retanning solution is added thereto to.Retanning solution by
10 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 4 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 1 weight portion dispersion tannin, 7 weight portion tannin extracts, 5 weight portion both sexes stuffings
Agent is constituted；
（12）Arrange：
By the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after retanning through water squeezing, vacuumize, dry, mend wound, stretch after be made finished product.
Embodiment 2
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：
Take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into soak, soak is by the weight portion of water 100, soda ash
0.3 weight portion composition each with degreasing agent, adjusts pH to 8.5, soaks 24 minutes, then regulation pH to 9, and immersion is removed after 24 minutes
Fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin.
（2）Bag alkali：
Pasty state is pushed away into sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing without hair side, 240 minutes pusher hairs are stood；
（3）Expansion：
Take the pigskin after pushing away hair or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is placed in the solution containing swelling agent 150 minutes, stand
Overnight.Expansion agent solution is by the weight portion of water 100, Alcohol amine type surfactant and each 1.2 weight portion composition of akali sulphide；
（4）Dealkalize：
Take pigskin or ox-hide after expansion or sheepskin is placed in without in ammonia dealkalize liquid, adjust pH to 7.5.Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by water
100 weight portions, the weight portion of formic acid 0.5 composition；
（5）Enzyme bating：
The pigskin after dealkalize or ox-hide or sheepskin are taken, 36 DEG C of bating liquors are added, pH is to 7.5 for regulation, and water is taken out after 40 minutes
Wash.Bating liquor is made up of 0.5 weight portion macerating enzyme and 100 weight portion water；
（6）Pickling：
The pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 after softening are taken, is added and is contained the weight portion of salt 7, the weight of sodium formate 1
Part, in the solution of the weight portion of water 80 and soak 10 minutes, be then added thereto to the weight portion of formic acid 0.6 simultaneously 10 minutes, Ran Houhou
Add the weight portion of sulfuric acid 1.2 simultaneously adjust pH to 2.5 and immersion 15 minutes, be subsequently adding 1.2 parts sulfuric acids and adjust pH to
2.5, stand 180 minutes；
（7）Tanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into 30 points of immersion in the hypo solution of pH3
Clock, is subsequently adding 1 weight portion amphoteric fatliquor and soaks 20 minutes, is subsequently adding modified glutaraldehyde and stands 300 minutes；
（8）Carry alkali：
To soda ash solution is added in above-mentioned tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 6；
（9）Heat up：
It is 1 to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in said apparatus:2.5 stop, and regulation solution temperature continues 300 minutes to 42 DEG C；
（10）Stand：
Take out pigskin or ox-hide after heating or sheepskin stands 24 hours；
（11）Retanning：
Pigskin or ox-hide after above-mentioned standing or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, retanning solution is added thereto to.Retanning solution by
12 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 6 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 1.5 weight portions dispersion tannin, 10 weight portion tannin extracts, 8 weight portion both sexes add
Fat agent is constituted；
（12）Arrange：
By the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after retanning through water squeezing, vacuumize, dry, mend wound, stretch after be made finished product.
Embodiment 3
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：
Take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into soak, soak is by the weight portion of water 100, soda ash
0.4 weight portion composition each with degreasing agent, adjusts pH to 9, soaks 30 minutes, then regulation pH to 9.5, and immersion is removed after 30 minutes
Fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin.
（2）Bag alkali：
Pasty state is pushed away into sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing without hair side, 300 minutes pusher hairs are stood；
（3）Expansion：
Take the pigskin after pushing away hair or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is placed in the solution containing swelling agent 180 minutes, stand
Overnight.Expansion agent solution is by the weight portion of water 100, Alcohol amine type surfactant and each 1.2 weight portion composition of akali sulphide；
（4）Dealkalize：
Take pigskin or ox-hide after expansion or sheepskin is placed in without in ammonia dealkalize liquid, adjust pH to 7.Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by water
100 weight portions, the weight portion of formic acid 0.5 composition；
（5）Enzyme bating：
The pigskin after dealkalize or ox-hide or sheepskin are taken, 42 DEG C of bating liquors are added, pH is to 8 for regulation, and water is taken out after 50 minutes
Wash.Bating liquor is made up of 0.6 weight portion macerating enzyme and 100 weight portion water；
（6）Pickling：
The pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 after softening are taken, is added and is contained the weight portion of salt 8, the weight of sodium formate 1.5
Part, in the solution of the weight portion of water 100 and soak 15 minutes, be then added thereto to the weight portion of formic acid 0.8 simultaneously 15 minutes, Ran Houhou
Add the weight portion of sulfuric acid 1.6 and adjust pH to 2 and soak 30 minutes, be subsequently adding 1.6 parts sulfuric acids and adjust pH to 2, it is quiet
Put 240 minutes；
（7）Tanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into 40 points of immersion in the hypo solution of pH4
Clock, is subsequently adding 1 weight portion amphoteric fatliquor and soaks 30 minutes, is subsequently adding modified glutaraldehyde and stands 360 minutes；
（8）Carry alkali：
To soda ash solution is added in above-mentioned tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 7；
（9）Heat up：
It is 1 to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in said apparatus:5 stop, and regulation solution temperature continues 360 minutes to 46 DEG C；
（10）Stand：
Take out pigskin or ox-hide after heating or sheepskin stands 24 hours；
（11）Retanning：
Pigskin or ox-hide after above-mentioned standing or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, retanning solution is added thereto to.Retanning solution by
14 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 8 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 2 weight portions dispersion tannin, 15 weight portion tannin extracts, 10 weight portion both sexes add
Fat agent is constituted；
（12）Arrange：
By the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after retanning through water squeezing, vacuumize, dry, mend wound, stretch after be made finished product.
Comparative example 1
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：
Take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into soak, soak is by the weight portion of water 100, soda ash
0.3 weight portion composition each with degreasing agent, adjusts pH to 8.5, soaks 24 minutes, then regulation pH to 9, and immersion is removed after 24 minutes
Fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin.
（2）Bag alkali：
Sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing is pushed away without hair side by what is be made up of lime and vulcanized sodium, stands 240
Minute pusher hair；
（3）Expansion：
Take the pigskin after pushing away hair or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is placed in the solution containing swelling agent 150 minutes, stand
Overnight.Expansion agent solution is by the weight portion of water 100, lime and each 1.2 weight portion composition of akali sulphide；
（4）Dealkalize：
Take pigskin or ox-hide after expansion or sheepskin is placed in dealkalize liquid, adjust pH to 7.5.Dealkalize liquid is by the weight of water 100
Part, the weight portion of ammonium sulfate 1 composition；
（5）Enzyme bating：
The pigskin after dealkalize or ox-hide or sheepskin are taken, 36 DEG C of bating liquors are added, pH is to 7.5 for regulation, and water is taken out after 40 minutes
Wash.Bating liquor is made up of 0.5 weight portion macerating enzyme and 100 weight portion water；
（6）Pickling：
The pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 after softening are taken, is added and is contained the weight portion of salt 7, the weight of sodium formate 1
Part, in the solution of the weight portion of water 80 and soak 10 minutes, be then added thereto to the weight portion of formic acid 0.6 simultaneously 10 minutes, Ran Houhou
Add the weight portion of sulfuric acid 1.2 simultaneously adjust pH to 2.5 and immersion 15 minutes, be subsequently adding 1.2 parts sulfuric acids and adjust pH to
2.5, stand 180 minutes；
（7）Tanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into 30 points of immersion in the hypo solution of pH3
Clock, is subsequently adding 1 weight portion amphoteric fatliquor and soaks 20 minutes, is subsequently adding modified glutaraldehyde and stands 300 minutes；
（8）Carry alkali：
To soda ash solution is added in above-mentioned tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 6；
（9）Heat up：
It is 1 to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in said apparatus:1 stops, and regulation solution temperature continues 300 minutes to 42 DEG C；
（10）Stand：
Take out pigskin or ox-hide after heating or sheepskin stands 24 hours；
（11）Retanning：
Pigskin or ox-hide after above-mentioned standing or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, retanning solution is added thereto to.Retanning solution by
12 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 6 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 1.5 weight portions dispersion tannin, 10 weight portion tannin extracts, 8 weight portion both sexes add
Fat agent is constituted；
（12）Arrange：
By the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after retanning through water squeezing, vacuumize, dry, mend wound, stretch after be made finished product.
Comparative example 2
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：
Take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into soak, soak is by the weight portion of water 100, soda ash
0.3 weight portion composition each with degreasing agent, adjusts pH to 8.5, soaks 24 minutes, then regulation pH to 9, and immersion is removed after 24 minutes
Fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin.
（2）Bag alkali：
Sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing is pushed away without hair side by what is be made up of lime and vulcanized sodium, stands 240
Minute pusher hair；
（3）Expansion：
Take the pigskin after pushing away hair or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is placed in the solution containing swelling agent 150 minutes, stand
Overnight.Expansion agent solution is by the weight portion of water 100, Alcohol amine type surfactant and each 1.2 weight portion composition of akali sulphide.
（4）Dealkalize：
Take pigskin or ox-hide after expansion or sheepskin is placed in without in ammonia dealkalize liquid, adjust pH to 7.5.Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by water
100 weight portions, the weight portion of formic acid 0.5 composition；
（5）Enzyme bating：
The pigskin after dealkalize or ox-hide or sheepskin are taken, 36 DEG C of bating liquors are added, pH is to 7.5 for regulation, and water is taken out after 40 minutes
Wash.Bating liquor is made up of 0.5 weight portion macerating enzyme and 100 weight portion water；
（6）Tanning：
The pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, adds 2.8 weight portion SF-1 chromium powders to soak 210 minutes；
（7）Pickling：
Tanned pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 are taken, is added and is contained the weight portion of salt 7, the weight of sodium formate 1
Part, in the solution of the weight portion of water 80 and soak 10 minutes, be then added thereto to the weight portion of formic acid 0.6 simultaneously 10 minutes, Ran Houhou
Add the weight portion of sulfuric acid 1.2 simultaneously adjust pH to 2.5 and immersion 15 minutes, be subsequently adding 1.2 parts sulfuric acids and adjust pH to
2.5, stand 180 minutes；
（8）Retanning：
Take the pigskin after pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into 30 points of immersion in the hypo solution of pH3
Clock, is subsequently adding the chromium powder of 4 weight portion basicity 33% and soaks 120 minutes；
（9）Carry alkali：
To soda ash solution is added in above-mentioned tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 6；
（10）Heat up：
It is 1 to water to solid-liquid ratio is added in said apparatus:2.5 stop, and regulation solution temperature continues 300 minutes to 42 DEG C；
（11）Stand：
Take out pigskin or ox-hide after heating or sheepskin stands 24 hours；
（12）Arrange：
By the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after retanning through water squeezing, vacuumize, dry, mend wound, stretch after be made finished product.
The embodiment of table one compares with comparative example's emission
As can be seen from the table, embodiment 1,2,3 employs the present invention and carries out leather production, real compared with comparative example
Apply lime residue and heavy metal chromium and compound in example and be zero, this shows that the present invention fundamentally solves leather production institute
The lime residue pollution for causing and heavy metal chromium and compound pollute.Ammonia nitrogen chemical combination in embodiment 1,2,3 and comparative example 2
Also less than comparative example 1, this explanation organic monoacid substituted ammonium salt can be greatly decreased ammonia to the discharge capacity of thing as dealkalize agent
The discharge of nitrogen compound.
The cortex mass ratio of table two compared with
As can be seen from Table II, embodiment 1,2,3 employs the present invention and carries out leather production, real compared with comparative example
Apply example and produce leather shrinking temperature and be substantially improved, which enhance the heat resistance of leather；Pliability strengthen and tearing strength without too big
Change.Leather quality using present invention production is better than the leather that traditional handicraft is produced.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of full workshop section of pigs and cattle sheepskin produces ecological, environmental protective technique, it is characterised in that the technique contains following steps：
（1）Bubble skin fleshing：Specially take pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin rawhide 100 is put into the soak of pH8-9, soak
20-30 minutes, then regulation pH to 8.5-9.5, soaked 20-30 minutes to remove the fatty and attached meat on pigs and cattle sheepskin；It is described
Soak includes water 100-150 weight portions, soda ash 0.2-0.4 weight portions, degreasing agent 0.2-0.4 weight portions by weight;
（2）Bag alkali：
Pasty state is pushed away into sheepskin of mao alkali lye uniform application in fleshing without hair side, 180-300 minutes pusher hair is stood；The step
Suddenly the pasty state during (2) bag alkali pushes away mao alkali lye and is made up of synthetic cellulose and vulcanized sodium；
（3）Expansion：
Take the sheepskin after pigs and cattle skin or bubble skin fleshing and bag alkali after bubble skin fleshing and be placed in 120-180 in the solution containing swelling agent
Minute, stand overnight；The swelling agent is Alcohol amine type surfactant；
（4）Dealkalize：
Pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after expansion is taken to be placed in without adjusting to 7-8 pH in ammonia dealkalize liquid；Without ammonia dealkalize liquid by water, de-
Alkaline agent is constituted；
（5）Enzyme bating：The enzyme bating is specially the pigskin after taking dealkalize or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100, adds 30-42 DEG C
Bating liquor, adjusts pH to 7-8, and washing is taken out after 30-50 minutes；Bating liquor is by 0.4-0.6 weight portions macerating enzyme and 80-120 weights
Amount part water composition；
（6）Pickling：The pickling is specially the pigskin or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 taken after softening, and adds and contains salt 6-8
Weight portion, sodium formate 0.7-1.5 weight portions in the solution of water 60-100 weight portions and soak 7-15 minutes；Then add thereto
Enter formic acid 0.4-0.8 weight portions and soak 7-15 minutes；Then sulfuric acid 0.8-1.6 weight portions are added thereto to and are kept for 15-30 points
Clock, adjusts pH to 2-3；It is eventually adding 0.8-1.6 parts sulfuric acids and adjusts pH to 2-3, and continues 120-240 minutes；
（7）Tanning：The tanning is specially the pigskin after taking pickling or ox-hide or the weight portion of sheepskin 100 is put into the thio of pH2-4
In metabisulfite solution and soak 20-40 minutes, be subsequently adding 0.1-2 weight portions amphoteric fatliquor and soak 15-30 minutes, then
Add modified glutaraldehyde and persistently 240-360 minutes：
（8）Carry alkali；
（9）Heat up；
（10）Stand；
（11）Shaving and retanning：
To addition retanning solution in the pigskin or ox-hide or sheepskin after above-mentioned standing；The retanning solution is by 10-14 weight portions third
Olefin(e) acid, 4-8 parts by weight resin retanning agents, 1-2 weight portions dispersion tannin, 7-15 weight portion tannin extracts, 5-10 weight portion both sexes stuffings
Agent is constituted；
（12）Arrange.
2. a kind of full workshop section of pigs and cattle sheepskin produces ecological, environmental protective technique as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Alcohol amine type
Surfactant includes one or more in monoethanolamine, diethanol amine or triethanolamine.
3. a kind of full workshop section of pigs and cattle sheepskin produces ecological, environmental protective technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described de- without ammonia
Alkali lye dealkalize agent is organic monoacid.
4. a kind of full workshop section of pigs and cattle sheepskin produces ecological, environmental protective technique as described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that institute
State to carry alkali and be specially and add soda ash solution in tanning device, until pH value of solution is adjusted to 5-7;It is described heat up be specially to
It is 1 that water to solid-liquid ratio is added in tanning device:1-5 stops, and regulation solution temperature continues 240-360 minutes to 38-46 DEG C.
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| CN113278740B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-07-26 | 安徽银河皮革有限公司 | Green processing method of ecological leather |
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| CN1215770C (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2005-08-24 | 四川大学 | Depilating composition for less thiolase process and the piling depilation method therewith |
| CN101265505A (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-09-17 | 四川大学 | Ashless and alkali sulfide free depilation liming treatment method for preparing leather from raw sheep skin |
| CN101509045A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-08-19 | 湖南省怀其皮革集团制革有限公司 | Sodium sulfide-free, lime-free depilation caustic dip method for lining leather of high-grade pig leather shoes |
| CN102796831B (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-10-08 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of composite acrylic acid retanning agent |
| CN102827965A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2012-12-19 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | Manufacture method of metal-aldehyde-free vegetable tanning oil wax bag leather |
| CN102943139B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-05-14 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | Aldehyde vegetable-chrome tanning combined production method for waxed soft leather |
| CN103805722B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2016-04-06 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wet blue leather treatment process |
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