The preparation method of chlorine dioxide
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation methods of chlorine dioxide, and in particular to a kind of chlorate, reducing agent, acid, activator system
The method of standby chlorine dioxide.
Background technology
Contain unpaired electron in chlorine dioxide, chemical property is active, has the work(such as sterilization, deodorization, bleaching, fresh-keeping
Energy.When as water treatment agent, it can be used for tap water, swimming pool, hospital and chemical plant sewage disposal etc.;It is anti-as sterilizing
When rotten agent, food and drink, food fresh keeping, medical aid, cultivation field can be used for;As air freshener, then can be used for indoor, cold
The deodorizations such as library, refrigerator improve air quality;In addition, chlorine dioxide can be also used for association with pulp bleaching.
Currently, the research and development of chlorine dioxide generating device and reagent combination are also concerned, conventional means can be divided into use and set
Standby scene is relatively large to produce and adds water priming reaction to produce two kinds the medicament being formulated.Relatively large two are prepared using equipment
Chlorine monoxid is mixed in a certain ratio with hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorite and generates gas;Reagent combination adds water activation to use chlorite
It is mixed with ackd salt, generates chlorine dioxide in aqueous solution, you can used.The application of above two method is more wide at present
It is general.The former is mainly used for the medium-and-large-sized enterprise such as waterworks, paper mill, and the latter is then used to cultivate disinfection, field of food preservation.So
And due to both using chlorite to be used as raw material, costly, and the product that hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorite react contains price
There is chlorine by-product, chloroform noxious material is will produce in processing tap water process, to lose chlorine dioxide treatment certainly
The superiority of water.And if reagent combination plus water activate, and have chlorine dioxide and overflow and spread in air, not only cause
Waste, and sharp aroma is difficult to endure, and in gained ClO 2 solution product, also contains the Toxics such as remaining chlorite
Matter, while chlorite can react in storage with ackd salt and medicament is caused to fail.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe, the of low cost, dioxy of chlorine dioxide loss less, easy to operate
Change the preparation method of chlorine.
Technical scheme is as follows:A kind of preparation method of chlorine dioxide, in chlorate, acidic materials, activator
In the mixture of reducing agent, water is added dropwise, is obtained by the reaction;The reducing agent be sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, oxalic acid, sodium oxalate,
Potassium oxalate or urea;The acidic materials for providing acidic environment are niter cake, potassium acid sulfate, calcium bisulfate, sodium pyrosulfate, coke
Potassium sulfate, oxalic acid, citric acid or tartaric acid, the activator are dead plaster, anhydrous calcium chloride, anhydrous slufuric acid aluminium, nothing
Water aluminium chloride, anhydrous ironic sulfate, anhydrous ferric chloride, anhydrous magnesium chloride or anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
Preferably, the chlorate is sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate.
Preferably, the chlorate, reducing agent, acidic materials, activator molar ratio be 1:0.45~1.2:0.4
~1.6:0.4~2.0.
Preferably, the reaction unit of use includes:Pedestal (1), babinet (2), elastic water pocket (4), kit (5) and
Chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3), the babinet (2) are arranged in right over pedestal (1), and the elasticity water pocket (4) is positioned over babinet (2)
It is interior, and hold-down devices are provided at the top of elastic water pocket (4), the kit (5) be arranged in pedestal (1) and babinet (2) it
Between, and it is provided with lifting apparatus between kit (5) and pedestal (1);It is connected with the first conduit in the bottom of elastic water pocket (4)
(9), it is provided with diaphragm seal at the top of the kit (5), the other end of the first conduit (9) reaches kit (5) across babinet (2)
Surface, is disposed with the second conduit (10) and third conduit (11) in the chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3), and the one of the second conduit (10)
End extends to chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3) and is connected to outside with elastic water pocket (4), and one end of third conduit (11) is upward through titanium dioxide
Chlorine absorption bottle (3) extends to the surface of kit (5), when kit (5) rises to set height under the action of lifting apparatus
When spending, the first conduit (9) and third conduit (11) can puncture diaphragm seal and extend into kit (5), in chlorine dioxide absorber bottle
(3) depotition cock (12) is additionally provided on, and one end of depotition cock (12) reaches in chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3), for leading
Go out ClO 2 solution, unidirectional stop valve is mounted on the first conduit (9) and the second conduit (10);First conduit
(9) and on third conduit (11) it is additionally provided with sealing-plug or sealing ring, it can be to the first conduit (9) and diaphragm seal junction, third
Conduit (11) is sealed with diaphragm seal junction, prevents gas from leaking;
Water is added in the absorption bottle (3) of reaction unit, chlorate, reducing agent, acid are packed into kit (5)
The kit (5) is placed on reaction unit by the mixture of matter, activator, and the water in the absorption bottle (3) of reaction unit passes through bullet
Property water pocket (4) enter in kit (5) and inspire reaction and generate chlorine dioxide, chlorine dioxide enters in absorption bottle (3)
Obtain ClO 2 solution.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, one-pass water reacts former with kit (5) in the elastic water pocket (4)
Expect that the mass ratio of mixture is 0.2~3:1.
Preferably, the hold-down devices of the reaction unit include water pocket button (7), spring and pressing plate (6), pressing plate
(6) it is arranged at the top of elastic water pocket (4), and is connect by the spring between pressing plate (6) and babinet (2) top surface, water pocket button
(7) it is set at the top of pressing plate (6), and extends upward babinet (2) outside.
Preferably, the lifting apparatus of the reaction unit includes bottom plate (8) and spring, and bottom plate (8) is set to medicament
Box (5) bottom, and connect by the spring between bottom plate (8) and pedestal (1).
Preferably, the pedestal (1) of the reaction unit, babinet (2), chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3) are wholely set, and
Bottleneck is also provided on chlorine dioxide absorber bottle (3), the bottleneck provides solution preparation water as water inlet, and is arranged on bottleneck
There is bottle cap.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Reaction raw materials for preparing chlorine dioxide in the present invention are at low cost, use solid material
It is safe instead of strongly corrosion liquids such as hydrochloric acid;Material matching appropriate can stablize preservation, add water can priming reaction, phase
It is more more convenient to avoid reactant contact metamorphism from being divided into A, B agent than some current raw materials;In addition to conventional use of chlorate, reduction
Substance, acidic materials, also add activator, and activator can provide heat, promotion reaction, raising conversion ratio needed for reaction
And efficiency, reaction raw materials are packaged in kit so that medicament facilitates preservation, powder performance stable, on-demand, per secondary
It takes a kit to be placed on reaction unit when use and prepares chlorine dioxide, be very suitable for the small rule such as family, hospital disinfection
Mould uses.The kit for being packaged with reaction raw materials in the present invention can also individually make the use of the antistaling agents such as vegetable and fruit, use
When dismantle and pack, packing box and vegetable and fruit are sealed, preservation can be played.
Chlorine dioxide reaction apparatus structure in the present invention is simple, safe to use, is given birth to the device in preparation process
At chlorine dioxide, then is directly absorbed by water and obtain ClO 2 solution, unreacted chlorine in reaction solution in no existing method
Hydrochlorate, hydrochloric acid etc. are toxic or corrosive substance, chlorine dioxide do not diffuse into air, have both reduced utility waste,
It can prevent from distributing the strong chlorine dioxide of irritation again, environmental protection, use is more safe and reliable, and two in preparation process
Chlorine monoxid is lost less, is easy to operate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the chlorine dioxide reaction apparatus structure schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Experimental method in following embodiments is unless otherwise instructed conventional method.
Embodiment 1 prepares ClO 2 solution
ClO 2 solution is prepared with chlorine dioxide reaction device shown in FIG. 1.Raw material in kit 5 is powdery, is contained
Have:Sodium chlorate 12.06g (0.11mol), two oxalic acid hydrate 4.41g (0.049mol), niter cake 5.28g (0.044mol), nothing
Water calcium chloride 24.4g (0.22mol).
It operates in accordance with the following steps:
Step 1:It unloads the depotition cock 12 of chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3 or opens the bottle cap of chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3,
The tap water of 1L is added thereto, ensures liquid level higher than the second conduit 10 in chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3 and depotition cock 12
Conduit mouth, but less than the conduit mouth of 5 top third conduit 11 of kit, prevent aqueous reflux.In general, in kit 5 chlorate with
The mass ratio for the water being added in absorption bottle 3 is 10~15:1000.After water is added, the water pocket button 7 of 4 top of elastic water pocket is pressed,
Elastic water pocket 4 compresses, and the water section in absorption bottle 3 enters in elastic water pocket 4, one-pass water and medicine in elastic water pocket 4
The mass ratio of reacting material mixture in agent box 5 is 0.2~3:1.
Step 2:5 diaphragm seal of kit for installing medicament, which is placed on upward on bottom plate 8, makes spring-compressed, when spring bullet
Diaphragm seal is punctured by the first conduit 9 and third conduit 11 when rising, the effect of effect and sealing-plug or sealing ring due to spring, the
One conduit 9 is tightly connected with diaphragm seal junction, third conduit (11) and diaphragm seal junction, gas will not be caused to leak.
Step 3:The water pocket button 7 of 4 top of elastic water pocket is pressed, elastic water pocket 4 compresses, and water therein is by unidirectionally cutting
Only valve action enters kit 5 by the first conduit 9, reacts with 5 Chinese medicine of kit, generates chlorine dioxide by the
Three conduits 11 enter chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3 and dissolve, and form ClO 2 solution;While unclamping water pocket button 7, elastic water pocket
There is negative pressure in 4, the water in chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3 enters the storage of elastic water pocket 4 along the second conduit and by unidirectional stop valve, with
Standby next time uses;Because being disposed with unidirectional stop valve on the first conduit 9 and the second conduit 10, so flow can only be inhaled from chlorine dioxide
It receives bottle 3 and flows into elastic water pocket 4, then by being flowed into kit 5 in elastic water pocket 4, and cannot flow backwards.
Step 4:After 10min, depotition cock 12 is pressed, you can release ClO 2 solution and used, measured in solution
Chlorine dioxide concentration is 292ppm, chlorine gas concentration 15ppm.
By above step acquired solution, disinfectant, deodorant, bleaching agent can be used as to use, for tap water, swimming
The Water Disinfections such as pond, hospital sewage can be also used for the disinfecting utensils such as tableware, medical instrument or water fruits and vegetables, aquatic products
The food sterilizations such as product are fresh-keeping, cultivation, dentist's oral disinfecting etc..
Further, it is also possible to which chlorine dioxide absorber bottle 3 is disassembled from reaction unit, spraying is connected on absorption bottle 3
Mouth, you can carry out the spraying of indoor and public arena, carry out disinfection to air, improve environmental quality.
It in addition, the kit 5 provided in the present embodiment, can be used for that vegetable and fruit is fresh-keeping, tear the sealing of kit 5 off
Film packs together with the vegetable and fruit that needs insure, and stores, and the medicament in kit 5 generates two with vapor effect lasts
Chlorine monoxid etc. can play sterilization, preservation.
Embodiment 2 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Potassium chlorate 12.25g (0.1mol), oxalic acid 10.8g (0.12mol), potassium pyrosulfate 40.7g (0.16mol), anhydrous chlorine
Change aluminium 5.33g (0.04mol).
After reacting 12min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 438ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 26ppm.
Embodiment 3 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Sodium chlorate 10.64g (0.1mol), sodium sulfite 12.6g (0.1mol), oxalic acid 9.0g (0.1mol), anhydrous magnesium chloride
9.5g(0.1mol)。
After reacting 12min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 316ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 32ppm.
Embodiment 4 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:It is potassium chlorate 12.25g (0.1mol), sodium oxalate 9.38g (0.07mol), sodium pyrosulfate 13.3g (0.06mol), anhydrous
Calcium sulfate 16.3g (0.12mol).
After reacting 15min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 342ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 16ppm.
Embodiment 5 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Potassium chlorate 12.25g (0.1mol), potassium sulfite 12.67g (0.08mol), oxalic acid 9.0g (0.1mol), anhydrous chlorination
Iron 22.7g (0.14mol).
After reacting 15min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 323ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 20ppm.
Embodiment 6 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Potassium chlorate 12.25g (0.1mol), oxalic acid 10.8g (0.12mol), citric acid 14.7g (0.08), anhydrous Aluminum chloride
5.33g(0.04mol)。
After reacting 12min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 438ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 26ppm.
Embodiment 7 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Sodium chlorate 10.64g (0.1mol), urea 3.02g (0.05mol), calcium bisulfate 12.06g (0.05mol), anhydrous chlorine
Change magnesium 10.42g (0.11mol).
After reacting 12min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 286ppm, chlorine to measure chlorine dioxide concentration
Gas concentration is 14ppm.
Embodiment 8 prepares ClO 2 solution
Chlorine dioxide is prepared according to the identical method in embodiment 1, only the raw material in kit 5 is different, former
Material contains:Potassium chlorate 12.25g (0.1mol), sodium sulfite 11.5g (0.09mol), tartaric acid 14.0g (0.09mol) are anhydrous
Calcium sulfate 15.60g (0.11mol).
After reacting 12min, the absorbent solution in absorption bottle 3 is taken to test, it is 356ppm, chlorine that side, which obtains chlorine dioxide concentration,
Gas concentration is 16ppm.
Above example can obtain concentration and reach high concentration of chlorine dioxide, and purity is high, and by-product chlorine is less.Due to nothing
Other unreacted impurity exist in absorbing liquid in addition to chlorine dioxide, therefore eliminate the bad hidden danger that impurity genotoxic potential is brought.