The preparation method of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-pressure bottle field, the preparation method being specifically related to a kind of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder。
Background technology
High-pressure seamless steel cylinder is widely used in storing and transporting various compression gases, the commonly used steel cylinder preparation method of large-scale steel cylinder manufacturing enterprise generally comprises following sequence: Pipe Cutting, receive at the bottom of the end, milling, closing in, heat treatment, bottleneck process, pressure detecting, rust cleaning are sprayed paint, upper bottle valve, air seal test, packed products, but the concrete operations of each operation are different with technical scheme details。
Steel cylinder rust cleaning adopts impeller cleaning or shot peening method mostly, most widely used at present is impeller blasting technique, it is divided into dry method ball blast and wet method ball blast by whether adding ball blast liquid: dry method ball blast, namely directly the sand balls such as steel ball is thrown to steel cylinder inner surface and outer surface with shot-blasting machine, technology maturation;Wet method ball blast, such as Chinese patent ZL201220449708.1 discloses a kind of wet method shot-blasting machine, during use, Jiang Shui mixes with sand ball and throws to surface of the work, reach the purpose of cleaning metal surface, this patent adding liquid is to decrease dust, noise and the equipment attrition produced in processing procedure, its shortcoming is that power consumption is relatively big, and work efficiency is not as common dry method shot-blasting machine;The wet method shot-blasting machine that additionally this patent is published is not the special equipment for steel cylinder impeller blasting, do not consider the specific demand of shotblasting rust cleaning in steel bottle body, the liquid added in ball blast process is mainly water, the additive component for ball blast liquid used in specific process does not further illustrate, also without considering how ball blast liquid reacts to reach rust cleaning, antirust purpose with rust。On the one hand, owing to the bottle chamber of steel cylinder is the space of a semi-hermetic, the fine metal chip of dry method ball blast generation, anvil cinder is adopted to be easy to stop when pouring and be deposited on bottleneck;On the other hand, high-pressure seamless steel cylinder will not carry out bottle intracavity is sprayed paint process after impeller blasting, thus high-pressure seamless steel cylinder inwall easily produces rust in life-time service process。
The strong acid rust cleaning such as conventional chemical derusting method is acid wash, main employing hydrochloric acid, not only can react with rust due to hydrochloric acid, also can react, with ferrum, the iron chloride producing to be dissolved in water, and the therefore similar abluent containing strong acid can corrode shot。
Heating is needed before steel cylinder spinning, Chinese patent ZL201510687185.2 discloses a kind of method that two-phase stainless steel seamless steel tube prepares high pressure gas steel cylinder, heating therein is received the end, is added heating charge operation employing heating furnace heating steel cylinder blank, and its efficiency of heating surface is relatively low and temperature control is accurate not。Regulation according to " GB5009-1994 Seamless Steel gas cylinder " and common practice in the industry, it it is concave bottom bottom high-pressure seamless steel cylinder, heating in that patent is received in basic skill or training's sequence, owing to its spinning is one-shot forming, not pushing up basic skill or training's sequence, in order to form concave bottom, the angle of mould rotation centerline and blank rotation centerline needs to reach 100 °, mould prolongs mould rotation centerline and rotates 100 °, consumes energy higher。
Existing steel cylinder is prepared the Technology for Heating Processing in workshop and the heat distributed in steel cylinder cooling procedure is not fully recycled。Preparing in workshop at steel cylinder, there is high temperature and heat radiation in closing in, the receipts end, heat treatment step, and according to " Design of Industrial Enterprises sanitary standard (GBZ1 2010) ", high temperature, intense radiant heat operation belong to a kind of Occupational Hazard Factors。Heat treatment step uses heat-treatment furnace, it should be noted that described heating furnace and the different device that heat-treatment furnace is different operation。
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention: the preparation method bottle intracavity for existing high-pressure seamless steel cylinder easily produces the problem that rust, metal fragment and energy consumption are higher, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder。
To achieve these goals, the preparation method of the high-pressure seamless steel cylinder that the present invention relates to, comprise the following steps:
(1) Pipe Cutting, cuts into the steel cylinder blank that several length is consistent by seamless steel pipe;
(2) receiving at the end, one end of the steel cylinder blank after step (1) being cut carries out Electromagnetic Heating, and heated length is for start to from port 150mm from port, and heating-up temperature is 1100 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 2min;Steel cylinder blank after heating is carried out spinning, and the spinning speed of mainshaft is 380~400r/min, once completes to receive at the end, and the receipts time end is 2min, uses gas nozzle concurrent heating in spinning process, and the flame envelope temperature of concurrent heating gas nozzle is 1300~1400 DEG C;
(3) bottle bottom reason, pushes up at the bottom of the end, air cooling, milling after spinning;
(4) close up, the other end of the steel cylinder blank after at the bottom of milling is carried out Electromagnetic Heating, heated length is for start to from port 200mm from port, and heating-up temperature is 1100 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 2min, then spinning closing-in, the spinning speed of mainshaft is 380~400r/min, and the closing in time is 2min, is use gas nozzle concurrent heating in spinning process, the flame envelope temperature of afterburning gas jets is 1300~1400 DEG C, and this step obtains steel cylinder bottle after terminating;
(5) heat treatment, the steel cylinder bottle after step (4) being closed up is put into and is carried out heat treatment in heat-treatment furnace, and heating-up temperature is 840 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 30min;
(6) air-cooled, the steel cylinder bottle after step (5) heat treatment is cooled down by quenching system, described quenching system includes air-cooler, lower air-cooler, cooling frame, air-breathing kuppe, thermal chimney, cool air hose, air intake cylinder;Upper air-cooler, lower air-cooler run simultaneously, upper air-cooler, lower air-cooler power be 5~10KW;Lower air-cooler extracts cold air by air intake cylinder, and blow on the steel cylinder blank of heat by cool air hose, cold air and steel cylinder bottle heat-shift become hot-air, upper air-cooler extracts hot-air by air-breathing kuppe and is sent in heat-treatment furnace by thermal chimney by hot-air, and the steel cylinder bottle on cooling frame is cooled simultaneously;
(7) bottleneck processes, the bottleneck of steel cylinder bottle after step (6) being cooled down carries out cutting, holes, lead angle, tapping, obtain high-pressure seamless steel cylinder;
(8) stamp an embosed seal, the high-pressure seamless steel cylinder bottle outer surface lid that step (7) obtains plays the steel seal indicating the effect of steel cylinder model batch;
(9) hydraulic pressure test, water filling in steel cylinder, maintenance pressure of the inside of a bottle is 15MPa, and the dwell time is 60s, tests steel cylinder in 60s with or without drainage;
(10) impeller blasting, carries out shotblasting rust cleaning by steel cylinder without drainage after step (9) hydraulic pressure test, uses diameter 0.8mm~1mm shot in ball blast process;;
(11) dust, podwer gun is utilized to be sprayed onto by the molding powder through Electrostatic Treatment on the steel cylinder outer surface that impeller blasting processes, the distance of podwer gun and steel cylinder outer surface is 45~55mm, and podwer gun is 0.15~0.3MPa for powder air pressure, and described molding powder is thermosetting plastics;Relative moving speed between steel cylinder and podwer gun is 0.8m/min, and the thickness of molding powder coating is 80~130 μm;
(12) solidifying, the steel cylinder being sprayed with molding powder is sent into curing oven and solidifies, the temperature in curing oven is maintained between 195 DEG C to 210 DEG C, and steel cylinder takes out after solidifying 40min in curing oven, naturally cools to room temperature;
(13) upper bottle valve, the bottle mouth position at steel cylinder installs cylinder valve;
(14) detection air-tightness, the steel cylinder that step (13) obtained is airtight with aerating device to be connected, then steel cylinder is totally immersed in experimental tank, compression gas it is filled with in steel cylinder, pressure of the inside of a bottle is made to reach 15MPa, after keeping pressure 1min, observe whether steel cylinder has bubble to produce, the steel cylinder not having bubble to produce is taken out experimental tank and concentrates placement to dry in the shade;
(15) packed products, carries out packing processes by the steel cylinder obtained in step (14)。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: it is fast that Electromagnetic Heating compares traditional heating stove firing rate, and work efficiency is higher, and heating-up temperature is more stable;The heat recovery and utilization that quenching system can will distribute in steel cylinder cooling procedure, reduces energy consumption;Podwer gun coordinates the thickness that ensure that molding powder coating with the distance of cylinder body outer surface, relative moving speed and podwer gun in 80 μm~130 μ m for the numerical value between powder air pressure; this thickness range ensure that molding powder solidify after thickness can adequately protect steel cylinder outer surface, again without influence on the identification of bottle steel seal。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart。
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of hollow cold system of the present invention and heat-treatment furnace。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and by accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described。
Embodiment 1: as it is shown in figure 1, the preparation method of a kind of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder, be made up of following production sequence:
(1) Pipe Cutting, cuts into the steel cylinder blank that several length is 1450mm by seamless steel pipe, and this length is the shortest length of the processing needs of the preparation method meeting this high-pressure seamless steel cylinder, compares other length more conservation;
(2) receive at the end, undertaken receiving the end by the steel cylinder blank after cutting through step (1), the receipts end, is completed by receiving end device, receive end device and comprise clamping part, Electromagnetic Heating parts and roll-in parts, Electromagnetic Heating parts are directly installed on the design received on end device, it is to avoid the thermal losses in transport process;Clamping part fixes one end of steel cylinder blank, and the other end of steel cylinder blank is carried out Electromagnetic Heating by Electromagnetic Heating parts, and heated length is for start to from port 150mm from port, and heating-up temperature is 1100 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 2min;Steel cylinder blank after heating is carried out spinning, the spinning speed of mainshaft is 380~400r/min, top basic skill or training's sequence is also had due to follow-up, therefore roll-in parts rotation centerline is 90 ° with the angle of blank rotation centerline, roll-in parts, along roll-in parts rotation centerline half-twist, once complete to receive at the end, and the receipts time end is 2min, using gas nozzle concurrent heating in spinning process, the flame envelope temperature of concurrent heating gas nozzle is 1300~1400 DEG C;
(3) bottle bottom reason, pushes up at the bottom of the end, air cooling, milling after spinning;The waste heat of steel cylinder bottom when receiving the end to make full use of, it is to avoid post bake, described top basic skill or training's sequence should complete in 2min after spinning completes;Described air cooling refers to that the steel cylinder blank after by the end, top is placed in air and cools down;Refer at the bottom of described milling and utilize milling cutter to cut the protruding particulate matter of inner surface at the bottom of the steel cylinder blank bottle after cooling;
(4) close up, the other end of the steel cylinder blank after at the bottom of milling is carried out Electromagnetic Heating, heated length is for start to from port 200mm from port, and heating-up temperature is 1100 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 2min, then spinning closing-in, the spinning speed of mainshaft is 380~400r/min, and the closing in time is 2min, is use gas nozzle concurrent heating in spinning process, the flame envelope temperature of afterburning gas jets is 1300~1400 DEG C, and this step obtains steel cylinder bottle after terminating;
(5) heat treatment, the steel cylinder bottle after step (4) being closed up is put into and is carried out heat treatment in heat-treatment furnace 1, and heating-up temperature is 840 DEG C, and heat time heating time is 30min;
(6) air-cooled, steel cylinder bottle after step (5) heat treatment is cooled down by quenching system, as in figure 2 it is shown, described quenching system includes air-cooler 2, lower air-cooler 3, cooling frame 4, air-breathing kuppe 6, thermal chimney 7, cool air hose 8, air intake cylinder 9;Steel cylinder bottle 5 after previous step being closed up is put in heat-treatment furnace 1 and is heated, and heating-up temperature is 840 DEG C, and the persistent period is 30min;Being placed on cooling frame 4 and cool down 10min by steel cylinder bottle 5 after heating, the quantity of the steel cylinder bottle 5 that cooling frame 4 cools down simultaneously is less than 3;Described upper air-cooler 2, lower air-cooler 3 power be 7.5KW;Described air-breathing kuppe 6 is infundibulate, including bottle neck 61 and tapering 62, it is possible to efficient drawing more greatly by the heated hot-air of steel cylinder, air-breathing kuppe 6 is positioned at above cooling frame 4, and the distance between tapering 62 and the cooling frame 4 of air-breathing kuppe 6 is 40cm;The air inlet of described upper air-cooler 2 is connected with the bottle neck 61 of air-breathing kuppe 6, and the air outlet of upper air-cooler 2 is connected with thermal chimney 7;Described thermal chimney 7 is connected with the air inlet of heat-treatment furnace 1;Cool air hose 8 is positioned at below cooling frame 4, and one end of cool air hose 8 is perpendicular to cooling frame 4, and the other end of cool air hose 8 is connected with the air outlet of lower air-cooler 3;One end of air intake cylinder 9 is connected with the air inlet of lower air-cooler 3, and the other end of air intake cylinder 9 is positioned at outdoor, makes the direct draw in cold air outdoor of lower air-cooler, it is prevented that steel cylinder is prepared workshop and formed circulated air, indirectly reduces workshop temperature, improves plant working environment;The air quantity of described upper air-cooler 2 more than lower air-cooler 3 air quantity 110%, and 150% of the air quantity less than lower air-cooler 3。
Cooling principle and process be: upper air-cooler 2, lower air-cooler 3 run simultaneously, lower air-cooler 3 extracts cold air by air intake cylinder 9, and blow on the steel cylinder bottle 5 of heat by cool air hose 8, cold air and steel cylinder bottle 5 heat-shift become hot-air, steel cylinder bottle 5 is cooled simultaneously, and upper air-cooler 2 is extracted hot-air by air-breathing kuppe 6 and is sent in heat-treatment furnace 1 by hot-air by thermal chimney 7;
(7) bottleneck processes, the bottleneck of steel cylinder bottle after step (6) being cooled down carries out cutting, holes, lead angle, tapping, obtain high-pressure seamless steel cylinder;
(8) stamp an embosed seal, the high-pressure seamless steel cylinder bottle outer surface lid that step (7) obtains plays the steel seal indicating the effect of steel cylinder model batch;
(9) hydraulic pressure test, water filling in steel cylinder, maintenance pressure of the inside of a bottle is 15MPa, and the dwell time is 60s, testing high voltage seamless steel cylinder in 60s with or without drainage;
(10) impeller blasting, carries out shotblasting rust cleaning by high-pressure seamless steel cylinder without drainage after step (9) hydraulic pressure test, including outer surface impeller blasting and inner surface impeller blasting;Outer surface impeller blasting adopts the dry method ball blast that energy consumption is lower, in hgher efficiency, uses shot to carry out impeller blasting, and shot blasting velocity is 2~3m/min;Inner surface impeller blasting adopts wet method ball blast, uses shot-ball blast liquid mixture impeller blasting;Owing to steel ball is had resistance by ball blast liquid, shot blasting velocity rises to 3~4m/min;Wet method shot-blasting machine with the addition of the ball blast liquid with anti-rust and lubrication effect, but in 1min, the mixture of the shot of bottle intracavity Yu ball blast liquid is poured out steel cylinder after ball blast, then the inner chamber of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder is rinsed with water, wash away the ball blast liquid residual liquid being adsorbed on inner wall of steel cylinder, ensure the cleaning of steel bottle intracavity, preventing ball blast corrosion steel cylinder, the liquid fluidity of ball blast liquid and water can also by the metal fragment of internal for high-pressure seamless steel cylinder remaining, rust band bottle outlet chamber simultaneously;Described ball blast liquid contains 3% (percentage by weight) diethanolamine, 3% (percentage by weight) triethanolamine and 96% (percentage by weight) water;Ball blast process uses diameter 0.8mm~1mm shot;
(11) dust, podwer gun is utilized to be sprayed onto by the molding powder through Electrostatic Treatment on the steel cylinder outer surface that impeller blasting processes, the distance of podwer gun and steel cylinder outer surface is 45~55mm, and podwer gun is 0.15~0.3MPa for powder air pressure, and described molding powder is thermosetting plastics;Relative moving speed between steel cylinder and podwer gun is 0.8m/min, and the thickness of molding powder coating is 80~130 μm;
(12) solidifying, the steel cylinder being sprayed with molding powder is sent into curing oven and solidifies, the temperature in curing oven is maintained between 195 DEG C to 210 DEG C, and steel cylinder takes out after solidifying 40min in curing oven, naturally cools to room temperature;
(13) upper bottle valve, the bottle mouth position at steel cylinder installs cylinder valve;
(14) detection air-tightness, the steel cylinder that step (13) obtained is airtight with aerating device to be connected, then steel cylinder is totally immersed in experimental tank, compression gas it is filled with in steel cylinder, pressure of the inside of a bottle is made to reach 15MPa, after keeping pressure 1min, observe whether steel cylinder has bubble to produce, the steel cylinder not having bubble to produce is taken out experimental tank and concentrates placement to dry in the shade;
(15) packed products, carries out packing processes by the steel cylinder obtained in step (14)。
Embodiment 2: the key step of the preparation method of the high-pressure seamless steel cylinder that the present embodiment relates to is with embodiment 1, it is different in that, ball blast liquid described in step (10) containing 3% (percentage by weight) diethanolamine, 3% (percentage by weight) triethanolamine, 5% (percentage by weight) oxalic acid, 5% (percentage by weight) phosphoric acid, 2% (percentage by weight) phosphonic acids dihydro zinc, 2% (percentage by weight) BTA and 80% (percentage by weight) water, owing to inner surface does not spray paint, diethanolamine contained in ball blast liquid, triethanolamine, phosphonic acids dihydro zinc, BTA has antirust function, oxalic acid contained in ball blast liquid, phosphoric acid has rust removing function;Oxalic acid will not corrode shot as weak acid, and price is also inexpensively simultaneously;Raw material contained by ball blast liquid is simple, it is easy to preparation。