A kind of remove the soil restoring device of organochlorine pesticide composition in agricultural land soil
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of remove the soil restoring device of organochlorine pesticide composition in agricultural land soil, belong to the soil remediation field in environmental conservation。
Background technology
Organochlorine pesticide is for preventing and treating in the constituent of phytopathy, insect pest containing the organic compound of organochlorine element, its be mainly composed of with benzene for raw material and be raw material with cyclopentadiene two big classes。The former as used the earliest, most widely used insecticide DDT and Gamma Hexaochlorocyclohexane, and acaricide tetradiphon, dicofol etc., antibacterial pentachloronitrobenzene, Bravo, Fengning, road etc.;The latter is as the Niran of insecticide, heptachlor, drinox etc.。In addition with Oleum Terebinthinae be raw material camphene insecticides, toxaphene and be raw material with terpenes bornyl chloride fall within organochlorine pesticide。
Organochlorine pesticide has played great effect in human being's production is lived, but its bio-toxicity and the characteristic that is difficult to degrade become again a kind of serious environmental contaminants。It has stable chemical nature, be not easily decomposed, residual period length, be not readily dissolved in water, be soluble in the feature such as fat and organic solvent, can migrate by air and water environmental media and make the whole world be contaminated, and by the biological magnification of food chain, can finally endanger human health。Research finds, Beijing area organochlorine pesticide class material average content is up to 77.7 μ g/kg, beyond soil environment quality primary standard (GBl5618-1995) 50 μ g/kg;Zhejiang Province's organochlorine pesticide class material meansigma methods is 34.4 μ g/kg, and wherein peak has exceeded soil environment quality secondary standard 500 μ g/kg;Have also discovered the DDT residual of 0.12 ~ 2.8 μ g/kg even at Antarctic region, in the ice sheet throughout the year do not changed, also detect the DDT of 0.04ng/kg。
Organochlorine pesticide environmental behaviour in soil mainly has absorption, diafiltration, diffusion, volatilization, degraded etc.。Wherein diafiltration, diffusion and volatilization process all can expand pollution range further, make improvement become more difficult。In order to ensure the quality of agricultural product, to some with serious pollution areas, should taking the soil that suitable technology reparation is contaminated, therefore, the recovery technique by organochlorine pesticide contaminated soil is subject to common concern in recent years。
The method administering organochlorine pesticide pollution has a variety of, such as chemical method, Physical and bioanalysis。Wherein Physical and chemical method, as all ubiquities such as burning, electrochemical process, processing cost is high, easily cause the shortcoming such as secondary pollution, poor removal effect, and biology rule mainly utilizes microorganism that the selective degradation mechanism of organochlorine pesticide is degraded, this method treatment effect is obvious, deteriorating pesticide residue process plays an important role, becomes one of Main Means that improvement residual pesticide pollutes at present。The microorganism of the organochlorine pesticide of can degrading of oneself report has antibacterial, fungus, actinomycetes, algae etc., most of from soil microorganism diversity。Antibacterial is owing to the multiple ability of being suitable on its biochemistry and easy Mutation induction bacterial strain are thus occupying the main positions of degrading microorganism。
Organochlorine pesticide microbial degradation occurs in a complex environment system, and therefore influence factor is numerous。These factors can be divided into endogenous cause of ill and exopathogenic factor two kinds, endogenous cause of ill refers to the molecular structure of organochlorine pesticide, including the complexity of chemical constitution, chlorine substituent position, the quantity of chlorine atom, relevant group existence etc., different organochlorine pesticides just has different biological degradabilities。Exopathogenic factor refers to the external environment condition residing for microorganism and organochlorine pesticide, such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH value, carbon source, nitrogenous source and illumination factor etc., the change of these factors is all likely to affect the normal enzyme metabolic activity of microorganism, thus affecting the biodegradation efficiency of organochlorine pesticide。
At present, existing organochlorine pesticide microbial technology exists that efficiency is low, technical sophistication, bacterial screening condition require high, influence factor is numerous, high in cost of production is not enough。Therefore, it is necessary to break away from existing technical thought, hew out improvement Organochlorine Pesticides In Soil and pollute, it is achieved the new way of soil remediation, and then develop the soil restoring technology removing Organochlorine Pesticides In Soil of a kind of new type。
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides and a kind of remove the soil restoring device of organochlorine pesticide composition in agricultural land soil, this system includes original soil hopper, air blast separator, vibrating screen classifier, magnetic force screening machine, grinding and crushing machine, thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor, residual-heat exchanger, water washing cleaning tower, air-introduced machine, adjustable type spray column, residual heat drying machine, rehabilitating soil warehouse etc.;Wherein, agricultural land soil containing organochlorine pesticide composition to be repaired is concentrated and is stored in original soil hopper, carry out centralized collection at this and complete preliminarily stabilised process, soil to be repaired in original soil hopper is delivered to air blast separator by screw lifting conveyer, the plastics in soil are removed at this, the low-density such as paper, large volume foreign material, the outlet of air blast separator connects vibrating screen classifier by conveyer belt, higher density in soil is removed at this, the impurity of big particle diameter, the outlet of vibrating screen classifier connects magnetic force screening machine by conveyer belt, the metal impurities in soil are removed at this, the outlet of magnetic force screening machine connects grinding and crushing machine by conveyer belt, at this, soil is ground to particle diameter less than 10mm, the outlet of grinding and crushing machine connects thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor by conveyer belt, the discharging opening of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor connects adjustable type spray column by conveyer belt, further drip washing purification is carried out at this, remove soluble impurity, the outlet of adjustable type spray column connects residual heat drying machine by conveyer belt, at this, moisture contained in washed off soil is dried removal, the outlet of residual heat drying machine connects rehabilitating soil warehouse by conveyer belt, soil outward transport recycling after repaired, simultaneously, the waste gas outlet of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor connects residual-heat exchanger by waste line, the after-heat in waste gas is collected at this, EGT is made to reduce, the outlet of residual-heat exchanger connects water washing cleaning tower by waste line, waste gas and is lowered the temperature through water washing cleaning further at this, the outlet of water washing cleaning tower connects air-introduced machine by waste line, tail gas through purified treatment is emptied, simultaneously, after-heat collected by residual-heat exchanger is delivered to residual heat drying machine by heating pipeline and is used。Wherein, thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor material adopts Q345R steel alloy, its external sheath has spun-glass insulation thermal insulation layer, its upper left quarter is provided with soil charging aperture, right lower quadrant is provided with soil discharging opening, 5 conveyer belts it are interleaved and installed with about inside reactor main part, bottom has been mounted side by side 6 electric heating aerators, electric heating aerator is arranged over protection network, reactor head smoke discharging pipe place is provided with 3 plasmatorch, very high temperature plasma flame can be produced, the relative position of plasmatorch is provided with pottery fire resisting shield;Fine grained soil after grinding process, inside reactor is entered into by the charging aperture of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor upper left quarter, under the driving of 5 conveyer belts, do progressively move downward with " S shape " path, simultaneously, 6 electric heating aerators of reactor bottom are opened, one hot-air stream from bottom to top is produced at inside reactor, make soil be heated and desorption desorbing reaction occurs, discharge organochlorine pesticide composition therein, and gradually rise up to reactor head smoke discharging pipe place with the form of steam, now, 3 plasmatorch being positioned at smoke discharging pipe place are opened, produce very high temperature plasma flame, utilize catalytic pyrolysis effect specific to very high temperature plasma flame, organochlorine pesticide molecular link is made to rupture, and it is cracked into small-molecule substance, thus effectively removing organochlorine pesticide composition, waste gas after plasma torch processes is discharged by the smoke discharging pipe of reactor head, enter next exhaust-gas treatment operation;Meanwhile, the soil after thermal desorption desorbing processes, leaves reactor by the soil discharging opening of reactor right lower quadrant, enters next soil treatment operation;Wherein, the effect of residual-heat exchanger is that waste gas thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor produced introduces wherein, recycles its entrained after-heat, makes EGT be minimized, and can be delivered in residual heat drying machine by the heat energy of recovery and be used;Wherein, the effect of water washing cleaning tower is that the waste gas after residual-heat exchanger is lowered the temperature is carried out water washing cleaning, removes harmful substance therein further;Wherein, the effect of adjustable type spray column is that the soil after thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor for treatment is carried out drip washing, removes soluble impurity therein further。
Its thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor, internal capacity is 175m3, conveyer belt transporting velocity is 0.3m/s, conveyer belt material selection EP200 type polyester-cotton blend canvas heatproof zone。
Its thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor, the running voltage of plasmatorch is 380V, and working life is 2000h, and every plasmatorch all can individually control to be turned on and off, and the temperature of plasma torch is 8500 ~ 9000 DEG C。
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
(1) native system has been broken away from existing organochlorine pesticide pollution soil remediation and has been processed technique, creationary make use of organochlorine pesticide composition to be heated desorption desorption easily occurs, it is steam-like by heat treatment by organochlorine pesticide conversion, again this steam is imported in high temperature plasma flame, utilize catalytic pyrolysis effect specific to high temperature plasma flame, organochlorine pesticide molecule is made to crack, and it is converted into small-molecule substance, so that soil is thoroughly purified reparation, its treatment effeciency is up to 98.8%。
(2) native system have employed high temperature plasma flame targetedly, and the technology waste gas containing higher concentration organochlorine pesticide composition is processed, it is possible to thoroughly decomposing organochlorine pesticide composition, treated tail gas is without poisonous and harmful substance。
(3) native system can according to the actual concentrations of actual treatment soil amount and Organochlorine Pesticides In Soil, and on-the-spot selection opens 1 to 3 plasmatorch, effectively reduces process energy consumption。
(4) native system principle is simple, designes and constructes less costly, and treatment effect is better, and operation expense is very low, is conducive to popularization and application on a large scale。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the equipment schematic diagram of the present invention。
In figure: 1-original soil hopper, 2-air blast separator, 3-vibrating screen classifier, 4-magnetic force screening machine, 5-grinding and crushing machine, 6-thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor, 7-residual-heat exchanger, 8-water washing cleaning tower, 9-air-introduced machine, 10-adjustable type spray column, 11-residual heat drying machine, 12-rehabilitating soil warehouse
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor。
61-charging aperture, 62-spun-glass insulation thermal insulation layer, 63-conveyer belt, 64-electric heating aerator, 65-protection network, 66-plasmatorch, 67-very high temperature plasma flame, 68-pottery fire resisting shield, 69-discharging opening。
Detailed description of the invention
The soil restoring device of organochlorine pesticide composition in removal agricultural land soil as shown in Figure 1, this system includes 1-original soil hopper, 2-air blast separator, 3-vibrating screen classifier, 4-magnetic force screening machine, 5-grinding and crushing machine, 6-thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor, 7-residual-heat exchanger, 8-water washing cleaning tower, 9-air-introduced machine, 10-adjustable type spray column, 11-residual heat drying machine, 12-rehabilitating soil warehouse etc.;Wherein, agricultural land soil containing organochlorine pesticide composition to be repaired is concentrated and is stored in original soil hopper 1, carry out centralized collection at this and complete preliminarily stabilised process, soil to be repaired in original soil hopper 1 is delivered to air blast separator 2 by screw lifting conveyer, the plastics in soil are removed at this, the low-density such as paper, large volume foreign material, the outlet of air blast separator 2 connects vibrating screen classifier 3 by conveyer belt, higher density in soil is removed at this, the impurity of big particle diameter, the outlet of vibrating screen classifier 3 connects magnetic force screening machine 4 by conveyer belt, the metal impurities in soil are removed at this, the outlet of magnetic force screening machine 4 connects grinding and crushing machine 5 by conveyer belt, at this, soil is ground to particle diameter less than 10mm, the outlet of grinding and crushing machine 5 connects thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 by conveyer belt, the discharging opening 69 of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 connects adjustable type spray column 10 by conveyer belt, further drip washing purification is carried out at this, remove soluble impurity, the outlet of adjustable type spray column 10 connects residual heat drying machine 11 by conveyer belt, at this, moisture contained in washed off soil is dried removal, the outlet of residual heat drying machine 11 connects rehabilitating soil warehouse 12 by conveyer belt, soil outward transport recycling after repaired, simultaneously, the waste gas outlet of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 connects residual-heat exchanger 7 by waste line, the after-heat in waste gas is collected at this, EGT is made to reduce, the outlet of residual-heat exchanger 7 connects water washing cleaning tower 8 by waste line, waste gas and is lowered the temperature through water washing cleaning further at this, the outlet of water washing cleaning tower 8 connects air-introduced machine 9 by waste line, tail gas through purified treatment is emptied, simultaneously, after-heat collected by residual-heat exchanger 7 is delivered to residual heat drying machine 11 by heating pipeline and is used。Wherein, thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 material adopts Q345R steel alloy, its external sheath has spun-glass insulation thermal insulation layer 62, its upper left quarter is provided with soil charging aperture 61, right lower quadrant is provided with soil discharging opening 69,5 conveyer belts 63 it are interleaved and installed with about inside reactor main part, bottom has been mounted side by side 6 electric heating aerators 64, electric heating aerator 64 is arranged over protection network 65, reactor head smoke discharging pipe place is provided with 3 plasmatorch 66, very high temperature plasma flame 67 can be produced, the relative position of plasmatorch 66 is provided with pottery fire resisting shield 68;Fine grained soil after grinding process, inside reactor is entered into by the charging aperture 61 of thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 upper left quarter, under the driving of 5 conveyer belts 63, do progressively move downward with " S shape " path, simultaneously, 6 electric heating aerators 64 of reactor bottom are opened, one hot-air stream from bottom to top is produced at inside reactor, make soil be heated and desorption desorbing reaction occurs, discharge organochlorine pesticide composition therein, and gradually rise up to reactor head smoke discharging pipe place with the form of steam, now, 3 plasmatorch 66 being positioned at smoke discharging pipe place are opened, produce very high temperature plasma flame 67, utilize catalytic pyrolysis effect specific to very high temperature plasma flame 67, organochlorine pesticide molecular link is made to rupture, and it is cracked into small-molecule substance, thus effectively removing organochlorine pesticide composition, waste gas after plasma torch processes is discharged by the smoke discharging pipe of reactor head, enter next exhaust-gas treatment operation;Meanwhile, the soil after thermal desorption desorbing processes, leaves reactor by the soil discharging opening 69 of reactor right lower quadrant, enters next soil treatment operation;Wherein, the effect of residual-heat exchanger 7 is that the waste gas produced by thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 introduces wherein, recycle its entrained after-heat, make EGT be minimized, and the heat energy of recovery can be delivered in residual heat drying machine 11 and be used;Wherein, the effect of water washing cleaning tower 8 is that the waste gas after residual-heat exchanger 7 is lowered the temperature is carried out water washing cleaning, removes harmful substance therein further;Wherein, the effect of adjustable type spray column 10 is that the soil after thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 processes is carried out drip washing, removes soluble impurity therein further。
Agricultural land soil after being processed by native system, the removal efficiency of its organochlorine pesticide composition is up to 98.8%。
Removing the soil repair system of organochlorine pesticide composition in agricultural land soil, the internal capacity of its thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6 is 175m3, conveyer belt 63 transporting velocity is 0.3m/s, conveyer belt 63 material selection EP200 type polyester-cotton blend canvas heatproof zone。
Remove the soil repair system of organochlorine pesticide composition in agricultural land soil, in its thermal desorption-plasma cracking reactor 6, the running voltage of plasmatorch 66 is 380V, working life is 2000h, every plasmatorch 66 all can individually control to be turned on and off, and the temperature of plasma torch 67 is 8500 ~ 9000 DEG C。