CN105676010A - Device for measuring droplet charge-mass ratio of electrostatic spraying droplets - Google Patents
Device for measuring droplet charge-mass ratio of electrostatic spraying droplets Download PDFInfo
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- CN105676010A CN105676010A CN201610007625.XA CN201610007625A CN105676010A CN 105676010 A CN105676010 A CN 105676010A CN 201610007625 A CN201610007625 A CN 201610007625A CN 105676010 A CN105676010 A CN 105676010A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agriculture and forestry plant protection technology, and more particularly relates to a device for measuring the droplet charge-mass ratio of electrostatic spraying droplets. The device is characterized by comprising a faraday cylinder (1), a coulometer (2), a water outlet pipe (3), a liquid collecting barrel (4) and a computer (5). The faraday cylinder (1) and the coulometer (2) are connected. The coulometer (2) and the computer (5) are connected. The water outlet pipe (3) is communicated with the bottom of the faraday cylinder (1). The bottom of the liquid collecting barrel (4) is provided with a weight sensor (17). The weight sensor (17) and the coulometer (2) are connected. The liquid collecting barrel (4) is used for collecting the liquid that flows out of the water outlet pipe (3). Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of small charge loss between sealed inner and outer cylinders, easy operation, good measurement real-time performance, high accuracy, high cost performance, convenient movement measurement and the like are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plant protection technology field, relate to more specifically a kind of dress of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratioPut and method.
Background technology
The agricultural chemicals annual production of China is at the forefront in the world, and the equipment for plant protection of China is relative with pesticide application technology backward.At present, China is subject to the cultivated area of pollution by pesticides up to 1300～1,600 ten thousand hm2. For a long time, China's pesticide application is with groundPlant protection is main, and rests in the technical merit of traditional large capacity and large droplet spraying always, and not only operating efficiency is low, andAnd excessive using causes serious environmental pollution and quality of agricultural product to decline, and has been difficult to meet the need of agricultural sustainable developmentWant. In recent years, electrostatic spray technology prevention obtains applying comparatively widely, and it is mainly used in electrostatic spraying, electrostatic precipitation, quietThe field such as electric seasoning and Electrostatic spraying, Electrostatic spraying is the new technology of modern equipment for plant protection dispenser, can solve preferably biographyThe problem that system exists in dispenser, but Electrostatic spraying is main or taking ground spraying device as main at present, due to its operating efficiencyThe problem such as low, accelerating to advance the development of electrostatic spray technology is the new task in agricultural plant protection field and challenge, and aviation electrostaticMist has greatly improved again operating efficiency in having retained ground electrostatic spray advantage. Aviation electrostatic spray floats reducing agricultural chemicalsMove, improve deposition, the amount of application that reduce agricultural chemicals, reduction pollution and the raising agricultural product quality to environment of agricultural chemicals on targetThere is wide development space and good application prospect.
Aviation static water-spraying system device is to make electric charge on liquid droplet band by high-pressure electrostatic based on droplet elements of the electric charge in the crystal exteriorAnd a set of system and device of design effectively raises agricultural chemicals adhering at the positive back side of target by the mode dispenser of electrostatic sprayerRate, distributing homogeneity, also played the effect that reduces float of mist droplet to a certain extent, reduced the waste of agricultural chemicals, improvedAgricultural chemicals utilization rate.
Charge-mass ratio is to weigh the important indicator of aviation static water-spraying system performance, is the charging characteristic of its spraying of research and quietThe important foundation of atomizing effect under electron spray, charge-mass ratio is impact spraying fabric width, mist droplet particle size, droplet sinking speed and dropletOne of the important parameter such as deposition rule.
Faraday cup mensuration is the common method that current static electrification object charge-mass ratio is measured. But traditional Faraday cup withoutMethod is directly used in the charge-mass ratio of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet, mainly has the problem of following several respects:
1) between traditional Faraday cup inner/outer tube, do not seal, droplet easily enters in the gap of inner/outer tube, causes loss of charge,The degree of accuracy that impact is measured;
2) traditional Faraday cup lacks fluid collection device, is not easy to carry out determining of spraying droplet gross mass, affects lotus matterThe calculating of ratio;
3) traditional Faraday cup lacks quantity of electric charge collection and Data Management Analysis system, is difficult to spraying droplet charge-mass ratio to be carried outReal-time Collection.
In existing documents and materials, retrieve the measurement scheme of two spraying droplet charge-mass ratios: many shower nozzles of spray rod type staticSpraying charge-mass ratio measurement device (application number: 201310690188.2) and a kind of charged droplets charge-mass ratio easy to assemble measure in real time dressPut (application number: 201320503284.7), but these two patents also fail to solve well foregoing problems. Invention201310690188.2 mainly measure the charged droplets charge-mass ratio of the multiple shower nozzles on spray boom, because equipment is large and behaviourDo more complicated, be not easy to according to test need to move everywhere; Invention 201320503284.7 mainly solves under various adverse circumstancesUse Faraday cup method to measure in real time the problem of Charged Droplet charge-mass ratio, though this invention has made up the former deficiency, in methodDraw the enclosed construction that lacks Faraday cup inner/outer tube in the design, while easily causing spraying droplet spray into inner/outer tube every dead level,Faraday cup is not designed waterpipe simultaneously, causes droplet to collect more difficult, in addition, and to the Faraday cup dehumidifying after testDestatic inconvenient operation. Above-mentioned two inventions all do not relate to the Real-time Collection of charge-mass ratio data.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is at least one defect (deficiency) overcoming described in above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of measurement of electrostatic spraying is providedThe apparatus and method of droplet charge-mass ratio.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A device for measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, comprises Faraday cup, electric charge scale, outlet conduit, liquid collectionBucket, computer, described Faraday cup is connected with electric charge scale, described electric charge scale is connected with computer, described outlet conduit andFaraday cup bottom is connected, and liquid collection bucket is for collecting the liquid flowing out from outlet conduit, and liquid collection bottom of the barrel is installedHave weight sensor, weight sensor is connected with electric charge scale.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, described Faraday cup comprises lasso, loudspeaker on inner core, urceolus, bell mouth shapeLasso, bell mouth shape insulating ferrule and insulating supporting post under mouthful shape; Described inner core is positioned at urceolus, and between inner core and urceolusExist and insulate every sky; Described insulating supporting post is supported between inner core and urceolus; Described upper lasso, insulating ferrule, lower lasso andInner core is nested successively from the top down.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, described upper lasso and lower lasso are stainless steel material and exhausted through plastic-blastingEdge processing, described insulating ferrule is that polytetrafluoro material is made.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, valve is installed on outlet conduit, and outlet conduit and Faraday cup itBetween mutually insulated.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, described electric charge scale is used for the measurement of droplet electric charge value and shows itValue size, electric charge scale is connected with inner core, urceolus ground connection, electric charge scale inside is provided with scale unit module, A/D converter mouldPiece and RS232 data acquisition serial ports module.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, described computer is connected with electric charge scale by serial ports, for to electric chargePreservation is analyzed and recorded to the quantity of electric charge Real-time Collection that scale is surveyed, and its inside is provided with data acquisition software.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, described liquid collection bucket is used for collecting droplet, and its bottom is provided with weightSensor, for obtaining the Quality of fogdrop information that liquid collection bucket is collected, is connected with electric charge scale by data wire.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of method of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, comprises the steps:
1) charged droplets after atomization sprays into faraday's inner core, now, inner core inwall assemble charged droplets with electric charge, andOuter wall induces contrary, the equal-sized electric charge of polarity, and same outer tube inner wall induces contrary with inner tank theca polarity, big or small phaseDeng electric charge, between inner/outer tube, produce so certain voltage difference.
2) electric charge scale converts the quantity of electric charge to also by recording this voltage difference through computing change-over circuit and A/D modular converterIn digital display module, show, computer is by RS232 serial ports process data acquisition software Real-time Collection and record electric charge scale instituteMeasured value.
3), after spraying, the spraying droplet that the liquid collection bucket of outfit flows out by collecting outlet conduit, through weight sensingThe quality information that device obtains the rear droplet of spraying is transferred to electric charge scale, and data acquisition software gathers electric charge scale measured value recordPreserve this value, and by charge-mass ratio computing formula QM=Q/M(is Q whereinMFor charge-mass ratio, the μ C/g of unit, Q is the quantity of electric charge, the μ C of unit, MFor quality, unit g) calculates now charge-mass ratio the output of spraying droplet and preserves with text formatting record.
Further, as optimal technical scheme, further comprising the steps of: 4) in order to reduce measure error, spray each timeAfter mist has been tested, Faraday cup is dehumidified and eliminates Electrostatic Treatment, simultaneously by the quantity of electric charge zero clearing of measurement mechanism, and rightLiquid collection bucket carries out dehumidification treatments, and repeating step 1-3 carries out the measurement of next round charged droplets charge-mass ratio.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) charged droplets after atomization sprays into faraday's inner core, now, inner core inwall assemble charged droplets with electric charge, andOuter wall induces contrary, the equal-sized electric charge of polarity, and same outer tube inner wall induces contrary with inner tank theca polarity, big or small phaseDeng electric charge, between inner/outer tube, produce so certain voltage difference.
2) electric charge scale converts the quantity of electric charge to also by recording this voltage difference through computing change-over circuit and A/D modular converterIn digital display module, show, computer is by RS232 serial ports process data acquisition software Real-time Collection and record electric charge scale instituteMeasured value.
3), after spraying, the spraying droplet that the liquid collection bucket of outfit flows out by collecting outlet conduit, through weight sensingThe quality information that device obtains the rear droplet of spraying is transferred to electric charge scale, and data acquisition software gathers electric charge scale measured value recordPreserve this value, and by charge-mass ratio computing formula QM=Q/M(is Q whereinMFor charge-mass ratio, the μ C/g of unit, Q is the quantity of electric charge, the μ C of unit, MFor quality, unit g) calculates now charge-mass ratio the output of spraying droplet and preserves with text formatting record.
4), in order to reduce measure error, after spray testing completes each time, Faraday cup is dehumidified and eliminates staticProcess, carry out dehumidification treatments simultaneously by the quantity of electric charge zero clearing of measurement mechanism, and to liquid collection bucket, under repeating step 1-3 carries outOne takes turns the measurement of charged droplets charge-mass ratio.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
1. inner/outer tube is airtight, and charge loss is few: compared with existing Faraday cup, adopt at faraday's inner core of the present invention and urceolus topWith insulation airtight stretching material, in measuring process, effectively avoided charged droplets spray into inner core and urceolus every dead level, subtractLack the loss of the quantity of electric charge, improved the accuracy of measuring.
2. easy to operate: compared with existing Faraday cup, Faraday cup inner core of the present invention bottom be equipped with adjustable go outWaterpipe, after spraying measures, all flows into graduated cylinder by inner core through outlet conduit by inner core droplet by by-pass cock control valve,Make measurement become more easy to operate, saved the time of measuring, also ensure the remaining mist of inner core inner core after at every turn measuring simultaneouslyThe removing of dripping, has improved convenience and the ease for operation measured.
3. measure that real-time is good, precision is high: compared with existing measurement mechanism, the present invention is supporting a data acquisition software,The value that data acquisition software can be surveyed electric charge scale be carried out real-time analysis record preservation, has avoided conventional charge gauge readingNonrepeatability, effectively reduces measure error, has improved certainty of measurement.
4. cost performance is high: cost of the present invention is low, easy to operate, certainty of measurement is high, has good cost performance.
5. be convenient to traverse measurement: Faraday cup volume of the present invention is little, can according to the requirement in spray testing environment place withIn time, moves everywhere, does not affect the accuracy of result of the test.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent; For better explanation the present embodiment, attachedScheme some parts and have omission, zoom in or out, do not represent the size of actual product; To those skilled in the art,In accompanying drawing, may to omit be understandable for some known features and explanation thereof; Same or analogous label correspondence is same or similarParts; In accompanying drawing, describe the term of position relationship only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is with the example that is measured as of aviation static electrostatic spray droplet charge-mass ratio.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, comprises Faraday cup 1, electric charge scale 2, goes outWaterpipe 3, liquid collection bucket 4, computer 5, described Faraday cup 1 is connected with electric charge scale 2, described electric charge scale 2 and calculatingMachine 5 connects, and described outlet conduit 3 is connected with Faraday cup 1 bottom, and described liquid collection bucket 4 is for collecting from outlet conduit 3The liquid flowing out, described liquid collection bucket 4 bottoms are provided with weight sensor 17, and weight sensor 17 is connected with electric charge scale 2,Be used for obtaining Quality of fogdrop information and be transferred to electric charge scale.
Faraday cup 1 comprises on inner core 11, urceolus 12, bell mouth shape lasso 14, bell mouth shape under lasso 13, bell mouth shapeInsulating ferrule 15 and insulating supporting post 16; Described faraday's inner diameter of steel flue 400mm, high 800mm, urceolus diameter 500mm, height1000mm, inner core and urceolus all use stainless steel material to make; Inner core 11 is positioned at urceolus 12, and between inner core 11 and urceolus 12Exist every sky insulation, inner core bottom is equipped with 4 insulating supporting posts 16. Described insulating supporting column diameter 10mm, high 100mm, supportsBetween inner core 11 and urceolus 12.
Described upper lasso 13, insulating ferrule 15, lower lasso 14 and inner core are nested successively from the top down, and lasso size is according to methodDraw the size of inner core and urceolus to carry out fabrication design; Described upper lasso 13 and lower lasso 14 are stainless steel material and process plastic-blastingInsulation processing, described insulating ferrule 15 is made for polytetrafluoro material.
Described outlet conduit 3 extends urceolus by inner core, and regulating switch valve door 6 is installed on outlet conduit, and outlet conduit 3And mutually insulated between Faraday cup 1.
Electric charge scale 2 is for the measurement of droplet electric charge value and show its value size, and electric charge scale 2 is connected with inner core 11Meet urceolus 12 ground connection, inner supporting scale unit module, A/D converter module and the data acquisition RS232 of being provided with of electric charge scale 2Serial port module, electric charge scale 2 also finishes obtaining of rear Quality of fogdrop for spray testing, and Quality of fogdrop information is by weight sensor17 obtain and are transferred to electric charge scale, and electric charge scale forms quantity of electric charge real-time measurement system with Serial Port Line and computer; Described meterCalculation machine is connected with electric charge scale by serial ports, for quantity of electric charge Real-time Collection and Quality of fogdrop data acquisition that electric charge scale is surveyedAnalyze and record preservation, its inside is provided with data acquisition software, and data acquisition software can design based on MFC platform C Plus Plus.
Described weight sensor 17 is installed on the bottom of liquid collection bucket, for obtaining Quality of fogdrop information.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is:
Aviation static water-spraying system carries out charged to spraying droplet by different charged modes, make electrostatic nozzle for aviation ejection bandThe Charged Droplet 8 of plus or minus. When spraying, charged droplets sprays into faraday's inner core after atomization, and now, inner core inwall is assembled chargedThe electric charge of droplet institute lotus, and outer wall induces contrary, the equal-sized electric charge of polarity, same outer tube inner wall induce with inner core outsideContrary, the equal-sized electric charge of wall polarity, inner/outer tube produces certain voltage difference, and electric charge scale is by this voltage difference warp of surveyingComputing change-over circuit and the A/D modular converter conversion quantity of electric charge are also in the demonstration of digital display module, and the data acquisition software on computer is realTime gather the numerical value of the quantity of electric charge, collect by the liquid collection bucket being equipped with the spraying droplet that outlet conduit flows out, pass through weightThe quality information that sensor obtains the rear droplet of spraying is transferred to electric charge scale, and data acquisition software gathers electric charge scale measured value noteThis value is preserved in record, and by formula QM=Q/M（QMFor charge-mass ratio, the μ C/g of unit, Q is the quantity of electric charge, the μ C of unit, M is quality, unitG) calculate charge-mass ratio now and preserve with text formatting record.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment can adopt the device of the measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio described in embodiment 1, specifically comprises the steps:
1) charged droplets after atomization sprays into faraday's inner core, now, inner core inwall assemble charged droplets with electric charge, andOuter wall induces contrary, the equal-sized electric charge of polarity, and same outer tube inner wall induces contrary with inner tank theca polarity, big or small phaseDeng electric charge, between inner/outer tube, produce so certain voltage difference.
2) electric charge scale converts the quantity of electric charge to also by recording this voltage difference through computing change-over circuit and A/D modular converterIn digital display module, show, computer is by RS232 serial ports process data acquisition software Real-time Collection and record electric charge scale instituteMeasured value.
3), after spraying, the spraying droplet that the liquid collection bucket of outfit flows out by collecting outlet conduit, through weight sensingThe quality information that device obtains the rear droplet of spraying is transferred to electric charge scale, and data acquisition software gathers electric charge scale measured value recordPreserve this value, and by charge-mass ratio computing formula QM=Q/M(is Q whereinMFor charge-mass ratio, the μ C/g of unit, Q is the quantity of electric charge, the μ C of unit, MFor quality, unit g) calculates now charge-mass ratio the output of spraying droplet and preserves with text formatting record.
4), in order to reduce measure error, after spray testing completes each time, Faraday cup is dehumidified and eliminates staticProcess, carry out dehumidification treatments simultaneously by the quantity of electric charge zero clearing of measurement mechanism, and to liquid collection bucket, under repeating step 1-3 carries outOne takes turns the measurement of charged droplets charge-mass ratio.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not rightThe restriction of embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the field, also can on the basis of the above descriptionTo make other changes in different forms. Here without also giving exhaustive to all embodiments. All at thisAny amendment of doing within the spirit of invention and principle, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., all should be included in the claims in the present inventionProtection domain within.
Claims (9)
1. a device for measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, is characterized in that, comprises Faraday cup (1), electric charge scale(2), outlet conduit (3), liquid collection bucket (4), computer (5), described Faraday cup (1) is connected with electric charge scale (2), described inElectric charge scale (2) is connected with computer (5), and described outlet conduit (3) is connected with Faraday cup (1) bottom, liquid collection bucket(4) for collecting the liquid flowing out from outlet conduit (3), liquid collection bucket (4) bottom is provided with weight sensor (17), weightSensor (17) is connected with electric charge scale (2).
2. the device of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Faraday cup(1) comprise on inner core (11), urceolus (12), bell mouth shape lasso (14), bell mouth shape insulation sleeve under lasso (13), bell mouth shapeCircle (15) and insulating supporting post (16); Described inner core (11) is positioned at urceolus (12), and deposits between inner core (11) and urceolus (12)Insulating every sky; Described insulating supporting post (16) is supported between inner core (11) and urceolus (12); Described upper lasso (13), insulationLasso (15), lower lasso (14) and inner core are nested successively from the top down.
3. the device of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described upper lasso(13) and lower lasso (14) be stainless steel material and through plastic-blasting insulation processing, described insulating ferrule (15) is polytetrafluoro material systemBecome.
4. the device of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio according to claim 2, is characterized in that, outlet conduit (3)On valve (6) is installed, and mutually insulated between outlet conduit (3) and Faraday cup (1).
5. according to the device of the measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio described in claim 2-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described inElectric charge scale (2) is for the measurement of droplet electric charge value and show its value size, and electric charge scale (2) is connected with inner core (11),Urceolus (12) ground connection, electric charge scale (2) inside is provided with scale unit module, A/D converter module and RS232 data acquisition serial portsModule.
6. the device of measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described computer is logicalCross serial ports and be connected with electric charge scale, analyze and record preservation for the quantity of electric charge Real-time Collection that electric charge scale is surveyed, its inner peaceData acquisition software is housed.
7. according to the device of the measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio described in claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that, described inLiquid collection bucket (4) is for collecting droplet, and its bottom is provided with weight sensor (17) and receives for obtaining liquid collection bucket (4)The Quality of fogdrop information of collection, is connected with electric charge scale (2) by data wire.
8. a method for measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) charged droplets after atomization sprays into faraday's inner core, now, inner core inwall assemble charged droplets with electric charge, andOuter wall induces contrary, the equal-sized electric charge of polarity, and same outer tube inner wall induces contrary with inner tank theca polarity, big or small phaseDeng electric charge, between inner/outer tube, produce so certain voltage difference;
2) electric charge scale converts the quantity of electric charge to and is counting through computing change-over circuit and A/D modular converter by recording this voltage differenceIn aobvious module, show, computer is by RS232 serial ports process data acquisition software Real-time Collection and record electric charge scale institute measured value;
3), after spraying, the spraying droplet that the liquid collection bucket of outfit flows out by collecting outlet conduit, obtains through weight sensorThe quality information of getting the rear droplet of spraying is transferred to electric charge scale, and data acquisition software gathers electric charge scale measured value and record is preservedThis value, and by charge-mass ratio computing formula QM=Q/M, wherein QMFor charge-mass ratio: the μ C/g of unit, Q is the quantity of electric charge: the μ C of unit, M is matterAmount: the g of unit, calculates now charge-mass ratio the output of spraying droplet and preserve with text formatting record.
9. the method for measurement of electrostatic spraying droplet charge-mass ratio according to claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprises following stepRapid:
4) in order to reduce measure error, after spray testing completes each time, Faraday cup is dehumidified and eliminates Electrostatic Treatment,Carry out dehumidification treatments simultaneously by the quantity of electric charge zero clearing of measurement mechanism, and to liquid collection bucket, repeating step 1-3 carries out next wheel loadThe measurement of electricity droplet charge-mass ratio.
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Application publication date: 20160615 |