CN105675720A - Fruit firmness information online collecting system and method - Google Patents
Fruit firmness information online collecting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675720A CN105675720A CN201610230631.1A CN201610230631A CN105675720A CN 105675720 A CN105675720 A CN 105675720A CN 201610230631 A CN201610230631 A CN 201610230631A CN 105675720 A CN105675720 A CN 105675720A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit firmness information online collecting system and method. The method comprises the steps that a fruit to be detected is placed on one conveying belt, a windmill rotates by a certain angle after the fruit enters fan blades of the windmill to enable the fruit to be in a detection state, a loudspeaker gives a sound wave signal, the detected fruit is motivated to vibrate, a laser Doppler vibration meter projects laser light to the surface of the vibrated fruit, the vibration speed of the detected fruit is collected, the collected vibration speed information is transmitted into a controller through a data collection card, and the watermelon firmness situation is analyzed through software; the windmill rotates again, the fruit gets away from the fan blades and enters the other conveying belt, and an air cylinder receives a signal to determine whether the detected fruit needs to be pushed into a slide way, so that fruit firmness online nondestructive detection and quality classification are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method.
Background technology
China have the laudatory title of " fruit kingdom of the world ", the fruit of almost all kinds has production and output height, but falls behind owing to detecting stage equipment, and fruit is still inadequate in competitiveness in the international market, outlet rate is lower, and fruit exists Ripening and Softening and rotten problem in post harvest transport process.
Fruit firmness, refers to the power of pulp compressive resistance, it is possible to as the important indicator judging fruit quality. Accurately detect the firmness of fruit, for the harvesting time determining to be suitable for, adopt after preserve, assessment the best edible period and grading etc. all significant. Traditional fruit firmness detection method is mainly sampled, and usually chooses several check points at the Chi Daochu of sample, then removes the peel at check point, record with Texture instrument or the inner certain distance of sclerometer press-in fruit, this is a kind of destructive detection, and inspection rate is low, wastes time and energy and causes a large amount of waste. At present about the lossless detection method mainly acoustic method of fruit firmness, part research is also had to mention near infrared spectrum detection method and hyperspectral space scattering curve method etc. The interference that acoustic method signal is easily subject to neighbourhood noise causes accuracy of detection not high, and some uses the mode knocked that fruit also can cause certain damage; Near infrared technology is relevant with its chemical substance, and the firmness of fruit is main relevant with its physical structure, and thus near infrared detection result is not very good, and during sample defective for fruit surface, check point need to avoid defective locations; And hyperspectral technique is very big by such environmental effects such as light sources, testing conditions is harsh.
Michelson interfere technology LaserDopplerVibrometry (LDV) technology is a technology for inspected object mechanical vibration performance. Measurement for fruit mechanical vibration performance can be divided into two kinds of modes: contact and noncontact formula. Traditional measuring method needs acceleration transducer to be attached to testee surface, its signal exported is utilized to realize the measurement of correlation of " acceleration speed displacement ", the installation mode of this kind of contact can destroy original vibration state, even cannot apply in many occasions, because which limit its range of application. And Michelson interfere technology is as a kind of contactless measurement, integrate Light Electrical, not by Environmental Noise Influence, there is precision height, dynamic response is fast, useful range is big, electromagnetism interference, to the transverse vibration interference advantage such as insensitive, the vibration that detected amplitude is small is also very effective, and its feature meets the needs of fruit vibration survey. In the fruit of differing texture, the transmission of vibration energy is inevitable different, therefore theoretically, it is possible to by utilizing mechanical vibration performance that this technology the detects fruit relation in order to set up between firmness.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be to provide a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method, application laser doppler technique and acoustics vibrotechnique, can the inside quality that analyze fruit of quick nondestructive, thus realize fruit and be graded according to quality, and this system has level of automation height, noncontact formula encourages and the feature of the nondestructive testing of collection.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system, comprises controller, the first horizontal feed system, the 2nd horizontal feed system, windmill system, loud speaker, laser doppler vibrometer, frame and microphone; Described windmill system comprises windmill, motor and bluetooth module, and the central shaft of windmill is connected with the output shaft of motor; Described windmill comprises 6 flabellums, and the adjacent angle between two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure transmitter on every sheet flabellum, and pressure transmitter is connected with bluetooth module; Described first horizontal feed system comprises the first motor and the first horizontal conveying belt, the 2nd horizontal feed system comprise the 2nd motor and the 2nd horizontal conveying belt; Described first horizontal conveying belt, windmill, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt are arranged in frame successively, and the central shaft of the first horizontal conveying belt, windmill, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt are positioned in same level; Described laser doppler vibrometer and loud speaker are arranged in frame respectively, and are positioned at the both sides of windmill, and laser doppler vibrometer is relative with loud speaker; Described microphone fixedly mounts on a speaker; Described first motor, the 2nd motor, motor, bluetooth module and controller are all fixed in frame, and microphone, the first motor, the 2nd motor, motor, laser doppler vibrometer, loud speaker, bluetooth module are connected with controller respectively.
Further, described first horizontal feed system also comprises the first transmission shaft, second driving shaft and the first travelling belt; First transmission shaft, second driving shaft are installed in frame, and the two ends of the first horizontal conveying belt are connected with the first transmission shaft, second driving shaft respectively; The output shaft of the first motor is connected with the first transmission shaft by the first travelling belt.
Further, described 2nd horizontal feed system also comprises the 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft and the 2nd travelling belt; 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft are installed in frame, and the two ends of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt are connected with the 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft respectively; The output shaft of the 2nd motor is connected with the 3rd transmission shaft by the 2nd travelling belt.
Further, said system also comprises cylinder, slideway and three two-way electromagnetic valves; Cylinder and slideway are arranged in frame respectively, and are positioned at the both sides of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt, and cylinder is relative with slideway; Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in frame, and one end is connected with controller, the other end and cylinders.
A kind of fruit firmness information online acquisition method, the method comprises the following steps:
1, the position of windmill is adjusted, make wherein two flabellums and the first horizontal conveying belt, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt parallel, then tested fruit is placed on the first horizontal conveying belt, tested fruit is transported in the flabellum of windmill, pressure transmitter gathers the quality of tested fruit, and by bluetooth module, quality signal is sent to controller;
2, after receiving weight signal, it is rotated counterclockwise 60 degree by electric machine control windmill, makes tested fruit between loud speaker and laser doppler vibrometer; Then control loudspeaker, microphone and laser doppler vibrometer work, loud speaker sends acoustic signals, encourages tested fruit to vibrate; Meanwhile, the actuation signal that microphone collection is sent by loud speaker; Laser doppler vibrometer projecting laser, to the fruit surface of vibration, is gathered the vibration speed of tested fruit, and the vibration speed information recorded is transferred in controller by data collecting card.
3, controller gathers according to laser doppler vibrometer vibration speed information and the actuation signal that microphone gathers, analyze the 2nd resonant frequency of this fruit, in conjunction with the quality signal that pressure transmitter gathers, calculate its Young's modulusf2Being the 2nd resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality, analyzes fruit firmness situation, and judges the mature condition of this tested fruit.
(4) controller is rotated counterclockwise 60 degree by electric machine control windmill, and tested fruit, due to centrifugal action, leaves flabellum, enters the 2nd horizontal conveying belt.
The useful effect of the present invention is: the present invention is the fruit firmness on-line detecting system of an application laser Doppler principle, is not subject to the interference of neighbourhood noise, it is possible to accurately carry out Site Detection and according to fruit quality, it is carried out classification.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction three-dimensional plot of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first horizontal transferring device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the 2nd horizontal transferring device;
In figure, the first horizontal conveying belt 1, windmill 2, loud speaker 3, laser doppler vibrometer 4, cylinder 5, slideway 6, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7, frame 8, the 4th transmission shaft 71, the 3rd transmission shaft 72, the 2nd travelling belt 73, the 2nd motor 74, second driving shaft 11, first transmission shaft 12, first travelling belt 13, first motor 14.
Embodiment
Native system combines pressure transmitter, laser doppler vibrometer 4 etc., in conjunction with laser Doppler principle, it is achieved that to the detection of fruit firmness, wherein have employed the automatization that the parts such as horizontal transferring device, windmill 2, cylinder 5 achieve device; Controller wherein is also prior art, such as, can adopt TMS320F2812DSP development board.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system, comprises controller, the first horizontal feed system, the 2nd horizontal feed system, windmill system, loud speaker 3, laser doppler vibrometer 4, frame 8 and microphone; Described windmill system comprises windmill 2, motor and bluetooth module, and the central shaft of windmill 2 is connected with the output shaft of motor; Described windmill 2 comprises 6 flabellums, and the adjacent angle between two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure transmitter on every sheet flabellum, and pressure transmitter is connected with bluetooth module; Described first horizontal feed system comprises the first motor 14 and the first horizontal conveying belt 1, the 2nd horizontal feed system comprise the 2nd motor 74 and the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7; Described first horizontal conveying belt 1, windmill 2, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7 are arranged in frame 8 successively, and the central shaft of the first horizontal conveying belt 1, windmill 2, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7 are positioned in same level; ; Described laser doppler vibrometer 4 and loud speaker 3 are arranged in frame 8 respectively, and are positioned at the both sides of windmill 2, and laser doppler vibrometer 4 is relative with loud speaker 3; Described microphone fixedly mounts on a speaker; Described first motor 14, the 2nd motor 74, motor and controller are all fixed in frame 8, and microphone, the first motor 14, the 2nd motor 74, motor, laser doppler vibrometer 4, loud speaker 3, bluetooth module are connected with controller respectively.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, described first horizontal feed system also comprises the first transmission shaft 12, second driving shaft 11 and the first travelling belt 13; First transmission shaft 12, second driving shaft 11 are installed in frame 8, and the output shaft of the first motor 14 is connected with the first transmission shaft 12 by the first travelling belt 13. Described 2nd horizontal feed system also comprises the 3rd transmission shaft 72, the 4th transmission shaft 71 and the 2nd travelling belt 73; 3rd transmission shaft 72, the 4th transmission shaft 71 are installed in frame 8, and the output shaft of the 2nd motor 74 is connected with the 3rd transmission shaft 72 by the 2nd travelling belt 73.
The method of said apparatus detection fruit quality comprises the following steps:
(1) position of windmill 2 is adjusted, make wherein two flabellums and the first horizontal conveying belt 1, the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7 parallel, then tested fruit is placed on the first horizontal conveying belt 1, tested fruit is transported in the flabellum of windmill 2, pressure transmitter gathers the quality of tested fruit, and by bluetooth module, quality signal is sent to controller;
(2) after controller receives weight signal, it is rotated counterclockwise 60 degree by electric machine control windmill 2, make tested fruit between loud speaker 3 and laser doppler vibrometer 4, and control loudspeaker 3 and laser doppler vibrometer 4 work, loud speaker 3 sends acoustic signals, encourages tested fruit to vibrate; Meanwhile, the actuation signal that microphone collection is sent by loud speaker; Laser doppler vibrometer 4 projecting laser, to the fruit surface of vibration, is gathered the vibration speed of tested fruit, and the vibration speed information recorded is transferred in controller by data collecting card.
(3) controller gathers according to laser doppler vibrometer 4 vibration speed information and the actuation signal that microphone gathers, analyze the 2nd resonant frequency of this fruit, in conjunction with the quality signal that pressure transmitter gathers, calculate its Young's modulus E (f2It it is the 2nd resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality), analyze fruit firmness situation, and judge the mature condition of this tested fruit: ripening degree situation judge the common practise as this area, can according to foreign literature Nondestructiveacousticimpulseresponsemethodformeasuringi nternalqualityofapplesandwatermelons. Such as apple Fuji apple, E1=19kgw/cm2, E2=44kgw/cm2; Watermelon, E1=5kgw/cm2, E2=15kgw/cm2If Young's modulus E1 < E < E2, then be considered as suitable ripe; If being less than E1, then it was considered as ripe; If being greater than E2, then it is considered as underdone.
(4) controller is rotated counterclockwise 60 degree by electric machine control windmill 2, makes tested fruit enter the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7 under inertia effect.
For rationally different quality fruit being carried out classification, the present invention can also comprise cylinder 5, slideway 6 and three two-way electromagnetic valves; Cylinder 5 and slideway 6 are arranged in frame 8 respectively, and are positioned at the both sides of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7, and cylinder 5 is relative with slideway 6; Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in frame, and one end is connected with controller, and the other end is connected with cylinder 5. If tested fruit was measured as ripe or underdone, then after air vane 2 rotates 60 degree, through one end that L/v time the 2nd horizontal conveying belt contacts with windmill to cylinder distance L, the transfer rate v of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt 7, by the piston driven forward of three two-way electromagnetic valve control cylinders 5, to reject ripe or underdone fruit.
Claims (5)
1. a fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system, it is characterized in that, comprise controller, the first horizontal feed system, the 2nd horizontal feed system, windmill system, loud speaker (3), laser doppler vibrometer (4), frame (8) and microphone; Described windmill system comprises windmill (2), motor and bluetooth module, and the central shaft of windmill (2) is connected with the output shaft of motor; Described windmill (2) comprises 6 flabellums, and the adjacent angle between two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure transmitter on every sheet flabellum, and pressure transmitter is connected with bluetooth module; Described first horizontal feed system comprises the first motor (14) and the first horizontal conveying belt (1), and the 2nd horizontal feed system comprises the 2nd motor (74) and the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7); Described first horizontal conveying belt (1), windmill (2), the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7) are arranged in frame (8) successively, and the central shaft of the first horizontal conveying belt (1), windmill (2), the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7) are positioned in same level; Described laser doppler vibrometer (4) and loud speaker (3) are arranged in frame (8) respectively, and it being positioned at the both sides of windmill (2), laser doppler vibrometer (4) is relative with loud speaker (3);Described microphone is fixedly mounted on loud speaker (3); Described first motor (14), the 2nd motor (74), motor, bluetooth module and controller are all fixed in frame (8), and microphone, the first motor (14), the 2nd motor (74), motor, laser doppler vibrometer (4), loud speaker (3), bluetooth module are connected with controller respectively.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described first horizontal feed system also comprises the first transmission shaft (12), second driving shaft (11) and the first travelling belt (13); First transmission shaft (12), second driving shaft (11) are installed in frame (8), and the two ends of the first horizontal conveying belt (1) are connected with the first transmission shaft (12), second driving shaft (11) respectively; The output shaft of the first motor (14) is connected with the first transmission shaft (12) by the first travelling belt (13).
3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described 2nd horizontal feed system also comprises the 3rd transmission shaft (72), the 4th transmission shaft (71) and the 2nd travelling belt (73); 3rd transmission shaft (72), the 4th transmission shaft (71) are installed in frame (8), and the two ends of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7) are connected with the 3rd transmission shaft (72), the 4th transmission shaft (71) respectively; The output shaft of the 2nd motor (74) is connected with the 3rd transmission shaft (72) by the 2nd travelling belt (73).
4. system according to claim (1), it is characterised in that, said system also comprises cylinder (5), slideway (6) and three two-way electromagnetic valves; Cylinder (5) and slideway (6) are arranged in frame (8) respectively, and are positioned at the both sides of the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7), and cylinder (5) is relative with slideway (6); Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in frame, and one end is connected with controller, and the other end is connected with cylinder (5).
5. the collection method of system described in a claim 1, it is characterised in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) position of windmill (2) is adjusted, make wherein two flabellums and the first horizontal conveying belt (1), the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7) parallel, then tested fruit is placed on the first horizontal conveying belt (1), tested fruit is transported in the flabellum of windmill (2), pressure transmitter gathers the quality of tested fruit, and by bluetooth module, quality signal is sent to controller;
(2), after controller receives weight signal, rotate 60 degree by electric machine control windmill (2), make tested fruit be positioned between loud speaker (3) and laser doppler vibrometer (4); Then control loudspeaker (3), microphone and laser doppler vibrometer (4) work, loud speaker (3) sends acoustic signals, encourages tested fruit to vibrate; Meanwhile, the actuation signal that microphone collection is sent by loud speaker (3); Laser doppler vibrometer (4) projecting laser, to the fruit surface of vibration, is gathered the vibration speed of tested fruit, and the vibration speed information recorded is transferred in controller by data collecting card.
(3) controller gathers according to laser doppler vibrometer (4) vibration speed information and the actuation signal that microphone gathers, analyze the 2nd resonant frequency of this fruit, in conjunction with pressure transmitter gather quality signal, calculate its Young's modulus E (f2Being the 2nd resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality), analyze fruit firmness situation, and judge the mature condition of this tested fruit.
(4) controller rotates 60 degree by electric machine control windmill (2), and tested fruit, due to centrifugal action, leaves flabellum, enters the 2nd horizontal conveying belt (7).
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| CN109541031A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-03-29 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit hardness detection method based on acoustics and vibration characteristics |
| CN109570051A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut small holes caused by worms detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
| CN110340031A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 凤台县馨水湾旅游开发有限公司 | A kind of peach hardness sorting equipment suitable for peach woods |
| CN110865158A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 浙江大学 | Nondestructive testing device and method for internal quality of fruit |
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| CN109570051B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-09-11 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut wormhole detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
| CN109541031A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-03-29 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit hardness detection method based on acoustics and vibration characteristics |
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| CN110865158A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-06 | 浙江大学 | Nondestructive testing device and method for internal quality of fruit |
| CN110865158B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Nondestructive testing device and method for internal quality of fruits |
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