CN105675720B - A kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method - Google Patents
A kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675720B CN105675720B CN201610230631.1A CN201610230631A CN105675720B CN 105675720 B CN105675720 B CN 105675720B CN 201610230631 A CN201610230631 A CN 201610230631A CN 105675720 B CN105675720 B CN 105675720B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method, tested fruit is placed in conveyor, after it enters fan blade of windmill, windmill turns an angle, fruit is set to enter detection state, loudspeaker sends acoustic signals, the tested fruit vibration of excitation, laser doppler vibrometer projects laser to the fruit surface of vibration, the vibration velocity of the tested fruit of collection, and be transferred to the vibration velocity information collected in controller by data collecting card, watermelon consolidation situation is gone out by software analysis.Windmill rotates again, and fruit leaves flabellum, and into another conveyer belt, cylinder receives signal, decides whether tested fruit being pushed into slideway.So as to fulfill the online Non-Destructive Testing of fruit firmness and quality grading.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method.
Background technology
China is known as the laudatory title of " fruit kingdom of the world ", and the fruit of almost all kinds has production and yield is high, but by
Fall behind in detection classifying equipoment, fruit is still inadequate in competitiveness in the international market, and outlet rate is relatively low, and fruit is in post harvest transport process
In there are Ripening and Softening and it is rotten the problem of.
Fruit firmness, refers to the power of pulp compressive resistance, can be as an important indicator for judging fruit quality.It is accurate
The consolidation of fruit really is detected, for being preserved after determining suitable harvest time, adopting, assessing the best edible period and grading
Deng being all of great significance.Traditional fruit firmness detection method is mainly sampled, and is chosen usually at the equator of sample several
A test point, is then removed the peel in test point, is measured with certain distance inside Texture instrument or hardometer press-in fruit, this is a kind of broken
Bad property detects, and inspection rate is low, time-consuming and laborious and cause largely to waste.The current lossless detection method in relation to fruit firmness is main
It is acoustic method, also has part research to mention near infrared spectrum detection method and hyperspectral space scattering curve method etc..Acoustics is examined
Survey method signal is easily subject to the interference of ambient noise to cause accuracy of detection not high, some can also make fruit using the mode of percussion
Into certain damage;Near infrared technology is related with its chemical substance, and the consolidation of fruit is mainly related with its physical arrangement, because
And near infrared detection result is not very good, and test point need to avoid defective bit during sample defective for fruit surface
Put;And hyperspectral technique is very big by such environmental effects such as light sources, testing conditions are harsh.
Laser-Doppler vibration measuring technology Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) technology is one and is used to examine
Survey the technology of object mechanical vibration performance.Measurement for fruit mechanical vibration performance can be divided into two ways:Contact and
It is contactless.Traditional measuring method needs acceleration transducer to be attached to testee surface, utilizes the signal of its output
Realize the measurement of correlation of " acceleration-speed-displacement ", the mounting means of this contact can destroy original vibrational state, very
It can not extremely be applied in many occasions, therefore limit its application range.And laser-Doppler vibration measuring technology is used as one kind is non-to connect
Touch measuring method, integrates Light Electrical, from Environmental Noise Influence, with precision is high, dynamic response is fast, measurement range
Greatly, electromagnetism interference, to oscillation crosswise interference it is insensitive the advantages that, the vibration small to detected amplitude also very effectively, its feature
Meet the needs of fruit vibration measurement.In the fruit of differing texture, the transmission of vibrational energy is inevitable different, therefore from theory
On say, the mechanical vibration performance of fruit can be detected by using the technology establishing the relation between consolidation.
The content of the invention
It is more using laser the purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system and method
General Le technology and acoustics vibrotechnique, are capable of the inside quality for analyzing fruit of quick nondestructive, and quality is pressed so as to fulfill fruit
Classification, and the system has the characteristics that the Non-Destructive Testing of the degree of automation high, contactless excitation and collection.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system,
Including controller, first level transport system, the second horizontal feed system, windmill system, loudspeaker, laser-Doppler vibration measuring
Instrument, rack and microphone;The windmill system includes windmill, motor and bluetooth module, the output of the central shaft and motor of windmill
Axis is connected;The windmill includes 6 flabellums, and the angle between adjacent two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure on every flabellum
Force snesor, pressure sensor are connected with bluetooth module;The first level transport system includes the first motor and first level
Conveyer belt, the second horizontal feed system include the second motor and the second horizontal conveying belt;The first level conveyer belt, windmill,
Second horizontal conveying belt is sequentially arranged in rack, and the central shaft of first level conveyer belt, windmill, the second horizontal conveying belt position
In in same level;The laser doppler vibrometer and loudspeaker are separately mounted in rack, and are located at the both sides of windmill,
Laser doppler vibrometer and loudspeaker are opposite;The microphone is fixedly mounted on a speaker;First motor, the second electricity
Mechanical, electrical machine, bluetooth module and controller are each attached in rack, and microphone, the first motor, the second motor, motor, laser are more
General Le vialog, loudspeaker, bluetooth module are connected with controller respectively.
Further, the first level transport system further includes the first transmission shaft, second driving shaft and the first conveyer belt;
First transmission shaft, second driving shaft are installed in rack, the both ends of first level conveyer belt respectively with the first transmission shaft, second
Transmission shaft is connected;The output shaft of first motor is connected by the first conveyer belt with the first transmission shaft.
Further, the second horizontal feed system further includes the 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft and the second conveyer belt;
3rd transmission shaft, the 4th transmission shaft are installed in rack, the both ends of the second horizontal conveying belt respectively with the 3rd transmission shaft, the 4th
Transmission shaft is connected;The output shaft of second motor is connected by the second conveyer belt with the 3rd transmission shaft.
Further, said system further includes cylinder, slideway and three two-way electromagnetic valves;Cylinder and slideway are separately mounted to
In rack, and positioned at the both sides of the second horizontal conveying belt, cylinder and slideway are opposite;Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in rack,
One end is connected with controller, the other end and cylinders.
A kind of fruit firmness information online acquisition method, this method comprise the following steps:
1st, the position of windmill is adjusted so that wherein two flabellums are parallel with first level conveyer belt, the second horizontal conveying belt, so
Tested fruit is placed on first level conveyer belt afterwards, tested fruit is transported in the flabellum of windmill, pressure sensor collection
The quality of tested fruit, and quality signal is sent to by controller by bluetooth module;
2nd, after receiving weight signal, windmill 60 degree of rotation counterclockwise is controlled by motor, is located at tested fruit and raises one's voice
Between device and laser doppler vibrometer;Then controlling loudspeaker, microphone and laser doppler vibrometer work, loudspeaker hair
Go out acoustic signals, encourage tested fruit vibration;Meanwhile the pumping signal that microphone collection is sent by loudspeaker;Laser-Doppler
Vialog projects laser to the fruit surface of vibration, gathers the vibration velocity for being tested fruit, and the vibration velocity information that will be measured
It is transferred to by data collecting card in controller.
3rd, the excitation letter for vibration velocity information and the microphone collection that controller is gathered according to laser doppler vibrometer
Number, the second resonant frequency of the fruit is analyzed, the quality signal of combination pressure sensor collection, calculates its Young's modulusf2For the second resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality, analyzes fruit firmness situation, and judges that this is tested
The mature condition of fruit.
(4) controller controls windmill 60 degree of rotation counterclockwise by motor, is tested fruit since centrifugal force acts on, leaves fan
Leaf, into the second horizontal conveying belt.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention is that the fruit firmness of an application laser Doppler principle is examined online
Examining system, is not easy to be disturbed by ambient noise, can carry out Site Detection exactly and it is classified according to fruit quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure graphics of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of first level conveying device;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the second horizontal transferring device;
In figure, first level conveyer belt 1, windmill 2, loudspeaker 3, laser doppler vibrometer 4, cylinder 5, slideway 6,
Two horizontal conveying belts 7, rack 8, the 4th transmission shaft 71, the 3rd transmission shaft 72, the second conveyer belt 73, the second motor 74, second pass
Moving axis 11, the first transmission shaft 12, the first conveyer belt 13, the first motor 14.
Embodiment
The system combines pressure sensor, laser doppler vibrometer 4 etc., with reference to laser Doppler principle, realizes
Detection to fruit firmness, wherein employing the components such as horizontal transferring device, windmill 2, cylinder 5 realizes the automatic of device
Change;Controller therein is also the prior art, such as can use TMS320F2812DSP development boards.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system, including controller, first level transport system,
Second horizontal feed system, windmill system, loudspeaker 3, laser doppler vibrometer 4, rack 8 and microphone;The windmill system
System includes windmill 2, motor and bluetooth module, and the central shaft of windmill 2 is connected with the output shaft of motor;The windmill 2 includes 6 fans
Leaf, the angle between adjacent two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure sensor, pressure sensor and bluetooth on every flabellum
Module is connected;The first level transport system includes the first motor 14 and first level conveyer belt 1, the second horizontal feed system
Including the second motor 74 and the second horizontal conveying belt 7;The first level conveyer belt 1, windmill 2, the second horizontal conveying belt 7 are successively
In rack 8, and first level conveyer belt 1, the central shaft of windmill 2, the second horizontal conveying belt 7 are located at same level
On;;The laser doppler vibrometer 4 and loudspeaker 3 are separately mounted in rack 8, and more positioned at the both sides of windmill 2, laser
General Le vialog 4 and loudspeaker 3 are opposite;The microphone is fixedly mounted on a speaker;First motor 14, the second motor
74th, motor and controller are each attached in rack 8, and microphone, the first motor 14, the second motor 74, motor, laser-Doppler
Vialog 4, loudspeaker 3, bluetooth module are connected with controller respectively.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the first level transport system further includes the first transmission shaft 12, second driving shaft 11 and
One conveyer belt 13;First transmission shaft 12, second driving shaft 11 are installed in rack 8, and the output shaft of the first motor 14 passes through
One conveyer belt 13 is connected with the first transmission shaft 12.The second horizontal feed system further includes the transmission of the 3rd transmission shaft the 72, the 4th
71 and second conveyer belt 73 of axis;3rd transmission shaft 72, the 4th transmission shaft 71 are installed in rack 8, the output of the second motor 74
Axis is connected by the second conveyer belt 73 with the 3rd transmission shaft 72.
The method of above device detection fruit quality comprises the following steps:
(1) position of windmill 2 is adjusted so that wherein two flabellums and first level conveyer belt 1, the second horizontal conveying belt 7 are flat
OK, then tested fruit is placed on first level conveyer belt 1, tested fruit is transported in the flabellum of windmill 2, pressure sensing
The quality of the tested fruit of device collection, and quality signal is sent to by controller by bluetooth module;
(2) after controller receives weight signal, 60 degree of the rotation counterclockwise of windmill 2 is controlled by motor, makes tested fruit
Between loudspeaker 3 and laser doppler vibrometer 4, and controlling loudspeaker 3 and laser doppler vibrometer 4 work, and raise one's voice
Device 3 sends acoustic signals, encourages tested fruit vibration;Meanwhile the pumping signal that microphone collection is sent by loudspeaker;Laser is more
General vialog 4 of strangling projects laser to the fruit surface of vibration, gathers the vibration velocity for being tested fruit, and the vibration velocity that will be measured
Information is transferred in controller by data collecting card.
(3) excitation for vibration velocity information and the microphone collection that controller is gathered according to laser doppler vibrometer 4
Signal, analyzes the second resonant frequency of the fruit, the quality signal of combination pressure sensor collection, calculates its Young's modulus
E(f2For the second resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality), fruit firmness situation is analyzed, and judge the quilt
Survey the mature condition of fruit:The judgement of maturity situation is the common knowledge of this area, can be according to foreign literature
Nondestructive acoustic impulse response method for measuring internal
quality of apples and watermelons.Such as apple Fuji apple, E1=19kgw/cm2, E2=44kgw/cm2;
Watermelon, E1=5kgw/cm2, E2=15kgw/cm2If Young's modulus E1<E<E2, then be considered as proper mature (ripe);If being less than E1, it was considered as
It is ripe;If more than E2, then it is considered as underdone.
(4) controller controls 60 degree of the rotation counterclockwise of windmill 2 by motor, makes tested fruit under effect of inertia into the
Two horizontal conveying belts 7.
To be rationally classified to different quality fruit, the present invention can also include cylinder 5, slideway 6 and three two energizations
Magnet valve;Cylinder 5 and slideway 6 are separately mounted in rack 8, and positioned at the both sides of the second horizontal conveying belt 7,6 phase of cylinder 5 and slideway
It is right;Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in rack, and one end is connected with controller, and the other end is connected with cylinder 5.If tested fruit is surveyed
It must be overdone or underdone, then after air vane 2 rotates 60 degree, be contacted by the second horizontal conveying belt of L/v times with windmill
One end to cylinder distance L, the transfer rate v of the second horizontal conveying belt 7, pass through the work that three two-way electromagnetic valves control cylinder 5
Plug promotes forward, to reject overdone or underdone fruit.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system, it is characterised in that including controller, first level transport system, Second horizontal feed system, windmill system, loudspeaker(3), laser doppler vibrometer(4), rack(8)And microphone;It is described Windmill system includes windmill(2), motor and bluetooth module, windmill(2)Central shaft be connected with the output shaft of motor;The windmill (2)Including 6 flabellums, the angle between adjacent two panels flabellum is 60 degree, and has pressure sensor, pressure on every flabellum Sensor is connected with bluetooth module;The first level transport system includes the first motor(14)With first level conveyer belt(1), Second horizontal feed system includes the second motor(74)With the second horizontal conveying belt(7);The first level conveyer belt(1), wind Car(2), the second horizontal conveying belt(7)It is sequentially arranged at rack(8)On, and first level conveyer belt(1), windmill(2)Center Axis, the second horizontal conveying belt(7)In same level;The laser doppler vibrometer(4)And loudspeaker(3)Pacify respectively Mounted in rack(8)On, and it is located at windmill(2)Both sides, laser doppler vibrometer(4)And loudspeaker(3)Relatively;The Mike Wind is fixedly mounted on loudspeaker(3)On;First motor(14), the second motor(74), motor, bluetooth module and controller it is equal It is fixed on rack(8)On, and microphone, the first motor(14), the second motor(74), motor, laser doppler vibrometer(4)、 Loudspeaker(3), bluetooth module is connected with controller respectively.
- 2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first level transport system further includes the first transmission shaft (12), second driving shaft(11)With the first conveyer belt(13);First transmission shaft(12), second driving shaft(11)It is installed in rack (8)On, first level conveyer belt(1)Both ends respectively with the first transmission shaft(12), second driving shaft(11)It is connected;First motor (14)Output shaft pass through the first conveyer belt(13)With the first transmission shaft(12)It is connected.
- 3. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second horizontal feed system further includes the 3rd transmission shaft (72), the 4th transmission shaft(71)With the second conveyer belt(73);3rd transmission shaft(72), the 4th transmission shaft(71)It is installed in rack (8)On, the second horizontal conveying belt(7)Both ends respectively with the 3rd transmission shaft(72), the 4th transmission shaft(71)It is connected;Second motor (74)Output shaft pass through the second conveyer belt(73)With the 3rd transmission shaft(72)It is connected.
- 4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that system further includes cylinder(5), slideway(6)With three two-ways Solenoid valve;Cylinder(5)And slideway(6)It is separately mounted to rack(8)On, and it is located at the second horizontal conveying belt(7)Both sides, cylinder (5)And slideway(6)Relatively;Three two-way electromagnetic valves are fixed in rack, and one end is connected with controller, the other end and cylinder(5) It is connected.
- A kind of 5. acquisition method of fruit firmness information on-line acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the party Method comprises the following steps:1)Adjust windmill(2)Position so that wherein two flabellums and first level conveyer belt(1), the second horizontal conveying belt(7)It is flat OK, tested fruit is then placed in first level conveyer belt(1)On, tested fruit is transported to windmill(2)Flabellum in, pressure The quality of the tested fruit of sensor collection, and quality signal is sent to by controller by bluetooth module;2)After controller receives weight signal, windmill is controlled by motor(2)60 degree of rotation, makes tested fruit be located at loudspeaker (3)And laser doppler vibrometer(4)Between;Then controlling loudspeaker(3), microphone and laser doppler vibrometer(4)Work Make, loudspeaker(3)Acoustic signals are sent, encourage tested fruit vibration;Meanwhile microphone collection is by loudspeaker(3)What is sent swashs Encourage signal;Laser doppler vibrometer(4)Project laser and be tested the vibration velocity of fruit to the fruit surface of vibration, collection, and The vibration velocity information measured is transferred in controller by data collecting card;3)Controller is according to laser doppler vibrometer(4)The excitation letter of vibration velocity information and the microphone collection of collection Number, the second resonant frequency of the fruit is analyzed, the quality signal of combination pressure sensor collection, calculates its Young's modulus E, Wherein, E=, f2For the second resonant frequency, m is tested fruit quality, analyzes fruit firmness situation, and judge the quilt Survey the mature condition of fruit;4)Controller controls windmill by motor(2)60 degree of rotation, is tested fruit since centrifugal force acts on, leaves flabellum, enter Second horizontal conveying belt(7).
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CN108906657B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-07-31 | 北京市农林科学院 | Fruit and vegetable sorting table |
CN109570051B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-09-11 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut wormhole detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
CN109541031A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-03-29 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit hardness detection method based on acoustics and vibration characteristics |
CN110340031A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 凤台县馨水湾旅游开发有限公司 | A kind of peach hardness sorting equipment suitable for peach woods |
CN110865158B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江大学 | Nondestructive testing device and method for internal quality of fruits |
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CN1217178C (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-08-31 | 浙江大学 | Detecting method and device for fruit robustness |
CN202520101U (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-11-07 | 烟台三环锁业集团有限公司 | Lock-up mechanism of built-in automobile door lock |
CN203133033U (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-08-14 | 浙江大学 | Fruit firmness nondestructive detection device based on laser doppler vibrometry |
CN204369750U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-06-03 | 常熟市伟恒模具铸造有限公司 | There is the glass mold of insulation construction |
CN204855288U (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-12-09 | 石河子大学 | Bergamot pear compactness nondestructive test device |
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