CN105675101A - OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/02—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses an OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring device and an OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring method. The OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring device comprises an OBD interface and an embedded measuring device body. An OBD can output driving data such as engine torque, vehicle position, vehicle speed and vehicle acceleration in real time; the embedded measuring device body is used for processing and analyzing data acquired from the OBD interface. The real-time, rapid and accurate measurement of vehicle quality is completed during the vehicle driving process by adopting the OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring method disclosed by the invention. The OBD-based vehicle quality dynamic measuring method and device overcome the defects of low efficiency, low speed and poor precision of the traditional vehicle quality measuring method, are suitable for real-time measurement of vehicle quality, can perform effective monitoring on situations such as vehicle overload, hazardous article leakage in the transportation process and loss of goods, and play good supporting roles in standardizing traffic safety management, improving logistics transportation safety and guaranteeing economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, belong to vehicle dynamic weighingTechnical field.
Background technology
China Logistics industry development and perfect in recent years, but the thing followed is the continuous increase of overload of vehicle phenomenon.Freight department's door increases substantially the carrying capacity of vehicle by transformation vehicle body, back axle and tire, make conevying efficiency and economic benefitBe improved, but overload will bring a series of harm: accelerate to damage highway pavement, increase highway maintenance cost; Due to meState's road maintainance cost, administration fee etc. are collected according to vehicle tonnage, and overload can make state tax revenue run off in a large number; When overload,Engine overload operation makes to discharge tail gas and noise significantly increases, and causes serious environmental pollution; Overload can be badly damagedVehicle part, has shortened period of vehicle maintenance, and accelerating vehicle is scrapped; The most important thing is, overload will reduce the mobility of vehicle,Thereby bring out all kinds of traffic accidents, even cause serious casualties and property loss.
In addition, according to bibliography: Lv second place. the security study of chemical enterprise hazardous materials transportation. in record and to existingThe understanding of logistics transportation accident, hazardous materials transportation has very high danger and Frequent Accidents, mainly comprises dangerous articles packageDangerous material not firm, imperfect and that cause leak, and do not reserve suitable surplus etc. when canned Dangerous Goods Transport. But, rightSupervision in hazardous materials transportation is more embodied in traffic administration and accident prevention, once there is the leakage problem owner of cargo and driverCan not learn the very first time, cannot take suitable emergency treatment, the actual hazard ratio expection that dangerous material leak is endangered moreGreatly.
The 3rd, in logistics transportation process, the situation of loss of goods is of common occurrence at present. For example, current network shopping ringBorder development is good, as in net purchase commodity transportation, loss of goods phenomenon occurred, can reduce on the one hand the prestige of logistics company, anotherNeed to compensate user on the one hand; While transporting valuables as gold, silver, platinum etc., logistics company need be born very heavy responsibility,As lost in valuables transportation, transport task bearer, insurance company all need to pay a large amount of compensations; The supply of materialWhen business delivers to retailer, if there is loss of goods in transportation, all can cause economy to transporter, supplier and recipientLose, reduce the economic benefit of shipping, greatly reduce the efficiency of logistics transportation simultaneously.
In sum, need at present one can be easily and fast, efficiently, vehicle dynamic check weighing scheme accurately, canIn the driving process of vehicle, the situations such as dangerous material leakage, goods loss in overload of vehicle, transportation are effectively supervised.
Traditional vehicle mass measuring method has two kinds, and one is static weighing method, and it needs vehicle to stop at scale completelyOn body, measure, this detection method is comparatively accurate, but efficiency is low, speed is slow, does not have good using value;Another kind is dynamic weighing method, can under automobile normal running state, record the quality of vehicle, but the method needs a bandThere is the large-scale scale body of vehicle weighing sensor, use comparatively inconvenience, and precision is not high.
And along with the degree of the development of automobile manufacturing enterprise and sensor technology, electronization improves constantly, OBDAn indispensable part in becoming current mobile unit. OBD (On-BoardDiagnostic) is onboard diagnostic system,Can monitor the engine of vehicle and exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and real time data in output Vehicle Driving Cycle process is providedInterface. Thereby user can obtain the data such as engine torque, car speed and vehicle acceleration from OBD, and this is carQuality kinetic measurement provides new technical support.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measurement side based on OBD of the middle vehicle that is applicable to travelMethod, be intended to can be in Vehicle Driving Cycle process in real time, efficiently and accurately the quality of vehicle is measured, and can be by vehicleLoad-carrying data send to traffic administration side, and in the time that vehicle mass has the trend that continues reduction, driver are reported to the police.
Vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD of the present invention comprises two, OBD interface and embedded measurement devicePoint.
Described OBD interface is connected with the whole control system of vehicle, output engine torque, car speed in real timeAnd the travelling data such as vehicle acceleration.
Described embedded measurement device is connected with OBD interface by CAN bus, obtains corresponding travelling data laggardRow calculates and analyzes. Particularly, described embedded measurement device is connected with vehicle OBD interface by CAN bus, obtainsAfter corresponding travelling data, calculate and analyze. Particularly, embedded measurement device comprises microprocessor, power module, logicalLetter module, sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, EBI. Microprocessor and power module, communication module,Sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, EBI connect, and control the operation of modules and carry out the processing of data.The each module of electric power source pair of module is powered. Communication module can be sent to remote terminal by vehicle mass data, by manager to carMonitor in real time; In addition, communication module will be responsible for the coefficient of rolling friction in vehicle section of living in to receive in microprocessor.In sensor assembly, comprise a 3-axis acceleration sensor, in order to measure the inclination angle when vehicle in front institute track. Memory moduleIn order to the data that collect in sensor information, OBD interface are stored, and set up therein the vehicle ginseng relevant to vehicleNumber embedded database. Alarm module can send prompt tone, goes beyond the scope or quality has continuous decrease trend at vehicle massTime, can carry out early warning to driver. EBI receives the input data of CAN bus, and travelling data is collected to micro-processingIn device.
Described embedded measurement device has feature low in energy consumption, that stability is strong and cost of manufacture is low, can be long-timeKeep normal operating condition, and service life is longer.
Described vehicle mass dynamic measurement method is as follows:
Step 1: travelling data obtains
Obtain the following parameter of vehicle by OBD interface: the real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle are in factBrief acceleration a, vehicle gear box gear ratio N and tire radius r, and by the 3-axis acceleration sensor collection vehicle road of travellingThe inclination angle theta of face. It should be noted that because the vehicle acceleration data of obtaining from OBD interface exist larger error, because ofThis need to carry out pretreatment to this signal by LPF;
Step 2: vehicle mass calculates
1. in conjunction with the mechanical efficiency η of vehicle, calculate the driving force on vehicle tyre, computing formula is as shown in (1):
F＝T×N×η/r(1)
2. work as the suffered resistance of vehicle in front by air drag, tire rolling frictional force and the gravity contrary with velocity attitudeComponent forms:
f＝fa+fs+G×sinθ(2)
In formula (2), fa represents air drag, and fs represents tire rolling frictional force, and G=mg represents the gravity that vehicle is subject to.Concrete, the expression formula of fa and fs is as follows:
fa＝1/2×A×ρ×CD×v2(3)
fs＝μ×G×cosθ(4)
Wherein, the sectional area that A is vehicle, ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, μ is coefficient of rolling resistance, whereinSectional area, atmospheric density and the resistance coefficient of vehicle can the embedding at measurement mechanism according to the relevant parameter such as vehicle, vehicle locationIn formula database, search, the conventional transportation route that coefficient of rolling resistance can provide at logistics company according to the position of vehicle rollsCoefficient of friction data is obtained in storehouse.
3. according to Newton's second law, can obtain the relation about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration:
F-(fa+fs+G×sinθ)＝ma(5)
By formula (1)～(4) substitution (5), can obtain the quality m of vehicle:
Step 3: qualitative data analysis
After obtaining vehicle mass data, it is poor first these data and light weight to be done, and obtains the load-carrying of vehicle. SoAfter these data are sent to supervisor, can go out vehicle according to this data analysis and whether overload. Analyze again continuous 5 times calculateLoad value, judges the trend whether it exists continuous minimizing or reduce suddenly, if so, to sending prompt tone, driver is carried outEarly warning, otherwise enter mass measurement next time.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, can be capable at vehicleCross in journey and complete the measurement to vehicle mass, the feature of have conveniently, efficient, precision is high, has made up traditional matterMeasuring method uses limited deficiency;
(2) the present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, take full advantage of OBDThe data of exporting in interface, having solved other measuring methods needs the problem of a lot of sensors with data acquisition;
(3) the present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, at measurement mechanismIn memory module, solidify the coefficient of rolling friction in sectional area, air resistance coefficient and the Vehicle Driving Cycle section of various vehicles,Improve the versatility of this device for mass measurement.
(4) the present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, the device usingVolume is little, low in energy consumption, can long-time continuous stable operation, and cost is low, is applicable to batch production and when longBetween in driving procedure difficulty action accomplishment measure task;
(5) the present invention proposes vehicle mass dynamic measurement device and measuring method based on OBD, can allow on the one handWhether manager supervises overload of vehicle, can leak carrying cargo on the other hand, the phenomenon such as lossCarry out real-time monitoring, to specification traffic safety management, the security of raising logistics transportation and guarantee economic benefit tripartiteFace has all played good booster action.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: the vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and measuring method structure chart that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 2: the vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and measuring method state transition graph that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 3: the vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD and measuring method overview flow chart that the present invention proposes;
In figure:
1000-vehicle mass dynamic measurement device 1100-microcontroller 1200-power module
1300-communication module 1400-sensor assembly 1500-memory module
1600-alarm module 1700-EBI 2000-OBD interface
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and vehicle mass kinetic measurement example, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of vehicle mass dynamic measurement device that the present invention proposes and measuring method structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise vehicle matterAmount kinetic measurement measurement mechanism 1000, vehicle OBD interface 2000, and CAN bus 3000. Described is embeddedMeasurement mechanism 1000 is connected with vehicle OBD interface 2000 by CAN bus 3000, obtains after corresponding travelling dataCalculate and analyze. Particularly, embedded measurement device comprises microprocessor 1100, power module 1200, communication module1300, sensor assembly 1400, memory module 1500, alarm module 1600, EBI 1700. Microprocessor1100 with power module 1200, communication module 1300, sensor assembly 1400, memory module 1500, alarm module1600, EBI 1700 connects, and controls the operation of modules and carries out the processing of data. Power module 1200 is to respectivelyModule is powered. Communication module 1300 can be sent to remote terminal by vehicle mass data, by manager, vehicle is carried outMonitoring in real time. In sensor assembly 1400, comprise a 3-axis acceleration sensor, in order to measure when vehicle in front institute trackInclination angle. Memory module 1500 is in order to the data that collect in sensor information, OBD interface 2000 are stored, andSet up therein the vehicle parameter embedded database relevant to vehicle. Alarm module 1600 can send prompt tone, at vehicleWhen quality goes beyond the scope or quality has continuous decrease trend, can carry out early warning to driver. EBI 1700 receives CANThe input data of bus 3000, collect travelling data in microprocessor 1100.
In Fig. 1, I represents the data that OBD interface gathers, and II represents the data of measurement mechanism sensor assembly output, IIIRepresent alarm command and warning message that microprocessor sends, IV is illustrated in the number that extracts or store in embedded databaseAccording to, V represents communication instruction and the overload data etc. that microprocessor sends.
As shown in Figure 2, vehicle mass dynamic measurement device comprises five kinds of reset, ready, operation, standby and endState.
(1) reset: user clicks SR control device and enters reset mode, and system restart, at the beginning of automatically carrying outBeginningization;
(2) ready: after microprocesser initialization, to enter SBR;
(3) running status: user enters running status by pressing monitoring start button control device, can under this stateBy designed method difficulty action accomplishment kinetic measurement;
(4) holding state: user enters holding state by pressing monitoring pause button control device, under this state isBlanket insurance is held low power run, stops quality kinetic measurement;
(5) done state: user enters done state by pressing monitoring stop button control device, under this state isUnite out of service, only keep Power supply.
As shown in Figure 3, the flow process of vehicle mass kinetic measurement is as follows:
Step 1: microprocesser initialization, in OBD, read the vehicle of vehicle that measurement mechanism connects, and according to vehicleIn embedded database, retrieve, read deadweight, the sectional area of vehicle;
Step 2: microprocessor reads real-time speed, acceleration and the engine torque of vehicle from OBD, and from passingIn sensor module, read the inclination angle of Vehicle Driving Cycle. Then acceleration information participate in calculate before, by LPF to these dataProcess;
Step 3: calculate vehicle mass, the concrete grammar of calculating is as follows:
1. in conjunction with the mechanical efficiency η of vehicle, calculate the driving force on vehicle tyre, computing formula is as shown in (1):
F＝T×N×η/r(1)
2. work as the suffered resistance of vehicle in front by air drag, tire rolling frictional force and the gravity contrary with velocity attitudeComponent forms:
f＝fa+fs+G×sinθ(2)
In formula (2), fw represents air drag, and fs represents tire rolling frictional force, and G=mg represents the gravity that vehicle is subject to.Concrete, the expression formula of fa and fs is as follows:
fa＝1/2×A×ρ×CD×v2(3)
fs＝μ×G×cosθ(4)
Wherein, the sectional area that A is vehicle, ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, above-mentioned three parameters can be led to respectivelyCross vehicle and the vehicle location of vehicle searches in embedded database; μ represents coefficient of rolling resistance, works as according to vehicleFront traveling-position is determined in coefficient of rolling friction database.
3. according to Newton's second law, can obtain the relation about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration:
F-(fa+fs+G×sinθ)＝ma(5)
By formula (1)～(4) substitution (5), can obtain the quality m of vehicle:
Step 4: according to the light weight reading in the quality calculating in step 3 and step 1, calculate vehicleLoad-carrying;
Step 5: judge whether current vehicle load exceedes regulation amount, and if so, microprocessor passes through loaded informationCommunication module sends to traffic administration side; Otherwise, carry out step 6;
Step 6: judge that whether vehicle mass is in continuous decrease or decline suddenly. Concrete method is: get this measurementValue with it the first five measured value compares, and carries out above-mentioned judgement according to the difference of adjacent every twice. If quality continuous decrease orSuddenly decline, microprocessor control alarm module sends prompt tone, and driver is carried out to early warning; Otherwise, enter step 7;
Step 7: judge that whether button click makes monitoring device key in standby or halted state to user, if so, finishesMonitoring; Otherwise, get back to step 2.
The vehicle mass dynamic measurement method that the present invention proposes has very strong versatility, embedded by measurement mechanismIn database, write the related data of various vehicles, after installation, can mate according to data such as vehicles, thus can precise and high efficiencyComplete the mass measurement of various vehicle vehicles.
Above-mentioned implementation method is used for helping reader understanding's principle of the present invention, other distortion and combinations based on essence of the present inventionEqually in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement device based on OBD, is characterized in that comprising OBD interface and embedded measurement device twoPart, OBD is the travelling data such as output engine torque, vehicle location, car speed and vehicle acceleration in real time; EmbeddingEnter formula measurement mechanism and comprise microprocessor, power module, communication module, sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, totalLine interface. Microprocessor and power module, communication module, sensor assembly, memory module, alarm module, EBI connectConnect, control the operation of modules and also carry out the processing of data: the each module of electric power source pair of module is powered, communication module can be byVehicle mass data are sent to remote terminal, by manager, vehicle are monitored in real time, and in addition, communication module will be responsible for carThe coefficient of rolling friction in section of living in receives in microprocessor; In sensor assembly, comprise a 3-axis acceleration sensor,In order to measure when the inclination angle of vehicle in front institute track, memory module is in order to by the number collecting in sensor information, OBD interfaceAccording to storing, and set up therein the vehicle parameter embedded database relevant to vehicle; Alarm module can send prompt tone,Go beyond the scope or when quality has continuous decrease trend, can carry out early warning to driver at vehicle mass; EBI receives CANThe input data of bus, collect travelling data in microprocessor.
2. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1: travelling data obtains
Obtain the following parameter of vehicle by OBD interface: the real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle add in real timeSpeed a, vehicle gear box gear ratio N and tire radius r, and by 3-axis acceleration sensor collection vehicle trackInclination angle theta;
Step 2: vehicle mass calculates
1. calculate the driving force on vehicle tyre, computing formula is as shown in (1):
F＝T×N/r(1)
2. work as the suffered resistance of vehicle in front by air drag, tire rolling frictional force and the weight component contrary with velocity attitudeForm:
f＝fa+fs+G×sinθ(2)
In formula (2), fa represents air drag, and fs represents tire rolling frictional force, and G=mg represents the gravity that vehicle is subject to. ToolBody, the expression formula of fa and fs is as follows:
fa＝1/2×A×ρ×CD×v2(3)
fs＝μ×G×cosθ(4)
Wherein, the sectional area that A is vehicle, ρ is atmospheric density, CDFor resistance coefficient, μ is coefficient of rolling resistance, wherein vehicleSectional area, atmospheric density and resistance coefficient can be according to the relevant parameter such as vehicle, vehicle location the embedded number at measurement mechanismAccording to searching in storehouse, the conventional transportation route rolling friction that coefficient of rolling resistance can provide at logistics company according to the position of vehicleCoefficient data obtains in storehouse.
3. according to Newton's second law, can obtain the relation about driving force, frictional force and vehicle acceleration:
F-(fa+fs+G×sinθ)＝ma(5)
By formula (1)～(4) substitution (5), can obtain the quality m of vehicle:
Step 3: qualitative data analysis
After obtaining vehicle mass data, it is poor first these data and light weight to be done, and obtains the load-carrying of vehicle. Then willWhether these data send to supervisor, can go out vehicle according to this data analysis and overload. Analyze again continuous load-carrying of calculating for 5 timesValue, judges the trend whether it exists continuous minimizing or reduce suddenly, if so, to sending prompt tone, driver is carried out to early warning,Otherwise enter mass measurement next time.
3. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 1In, the real-time torque T of engine, vehicle real-time speed v, vehicle real time acceleration a, vehicle gear box gear ratio N and tireRadius r, all directly obtains by OBD, and the inclination angle theta on Vehicle Driving Cycle road surface is obtained by 3-axis acceleration sensor.
4. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2In, the sectional area A of vehicle, atmospheric density ρ, resistance coefficient CD, coefficient of rolling resistance μ, all can be according to vehicle and carPosition obtains in embedded database.
5. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 2In, by the parameter of obtaining in claim 3, claim 4, obtain the calculating side of vehicle mass according to Newton's second lawMethod.
6. the vehicle mass dynamic measurement method based on OBD as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, in step 3In, obtain after vehicle mass and will whether overload or load-carrying reduces and analyzes to vehicle, and can send corresponding warning message.
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