CN105671219A

CN105671219A - Tanning production technology

Info

Publication number: CN105671219A
Application number: CN201610122809.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许建新; 柯瑞华; 余建明; 李振宁
Original assignee: HAINING SHANGYUAN LEATHER CO Ltd
Current assignee: HAINING SHANGYUAN LEATHER CO Ltd
Priority date: 2016-03-04
Filing date: 2016-03-04
Publication date: 2016-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-04
Also published as: CN105671219B

Abstract

The invention relates to a tanning production technology. The tanning production technology includes the following sequential steps of soaking, fleshing, depilating, hair shoveling, alkali expanding, splitting, dealkalizing, softening, pickling and tanning; then production is conducted according to a conventional chrome tanning follow-up technology; in the preparing process, a novel ash-free and sulfur-free technology is adopted, generation of sulfides is avoided, sludge generated when lime powder is used is avoided, and the sludge discharging problem of an enterprise is solved; and an ammonia-free dealkalizing and subsalt technology is adopted in the tanning process, so that ammonia nitrogen discharging and industrial salt discharging pollution is greatly reduced. By means of the novel sulfur-free, ash-free, ammonia-free and subsalt technology, produced leather is soft in hand feel and good in fullness, all indexes of the produced leather reach EU standards, and the produced leather is exported to Europe and receives consistent praise from users.

Description

A kind of tanning production technique

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of tanning production technique, particularly a kind of leather processing field without sulfur, ashless, without ammonia, low technology of threonates.

Background technology:

Leather-making mud is current leather-making enterprises, the problem of the headache generally faced aborning. Country is more and more stronger to the environment attention dynamics of entire society at present. Sewage that leather-making enterprises is discharged, mud, waste gas, ammonia nitrogen environmental protection index more and more higher. Many small enterprises are because having no ability to process, and in succession close down. Medium-and-large-sized leather-making enterprises Treatment of Sludge ability and process be it is also proposed higher requirement and challenge.

Chrome tanning come out over more than 100 year, with its superior tanning performance always in occupation of dominant position, and by sodium sulfide (or NaHS) unhairing, sodium sulfide Calx expands, and this production technology is also the most frequently used a kind of production technology link of chrome tanning. Sodium sulfide (or NaHS) is cheap due to it, unhairing and expansion effect is outstanding is used by leather-making enterprises is extensive always. Calx is also that its price is low and the effect that expands relaxes and is widely used. The consequence that the use of this identical material brings is that substantial amounts of sulfide exceeds standard and Calx produces substantial amounts of leather-making mud, carries out processing the cost that needs are huge to substantial amounts of sewage, waste gas, mud simultaneously, greatly reduces the profit margin of enterprise.

Therefore study use aborning to human body fanout free region to environment without destroy new tanning production technique, new process hides material imperative. From now on, leather will adopt harmonious with environment in producing, Leather Chemicals and the Technology that people-oriented increasingly receive publicity and support. And ashless in cleaning technique, without sulfur, be the trend of leather nesting sustainable development from now on without ammonia, less salt.

Summary of the invention

Present invention solves the technical problem that and be, in prior art, sodium sulfide (or NaHS) is cheap due to it, unhairing and expansion effect is outstanding is used by leather-making enterprises is extensive always, Calx is also that its price is low and the effect that expands relaxes and is widely used, and the consequence that the use of this identical material brings to be substantial amounts of sulfide exceed standard and Calx produces substantial amounts of leather-making mud, simultaneously to substantial amounts of sewage, waste gas, mud carries out processing needs huge cost, the problem greatly reducing the profit margin of enterprise, and then provide the tanning production technique of a kind of optimization.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of tanning production technique, including order below step: immersion fleshing depilation pushes away a mao alkali swelling split dealkalize softening pickling, tanning, then carrying out chrome tanning subsequent technique, the percentage composition in following operation is all to operate before this operation the weight of skin for benchmark;

Depilation: depilatory solution is uniformly applied to the flesh noodles of skin, carries out doubling, 20 a piles are placed, and carry out pushing away hair after banking up 4～6 hours;

Alkali swelling: carry out in rotary drum, liquor ratio 100%, wherein the ratio of skin and water is 1:1, adds UHB2%～2.5%, UHA1.5%, checks and unhairing situation if unhairing is not to the utmost, extend 10 minutes after rotating 40 minutes; Add water to 2 times, keep 30 DEG C of even temperature, add sodium hydroxide 1.5%, ashless expanding agent CAS 2%, dispersing agent for fibre OPF1%, within after turning 40 minutes each hour, turn 5 minutes, turn and stop combining after 16～18 hours, frizing split;

Split: to carry out split without ammonia salt deliming agent LAB;

Dealkalize: after washing secondary so that liquor ratio 100% water is vexed, adds LAB1.5%, turns 40 minutes, checks otch with phenolphthalein indicator, and titration open center is that dealkalize completes for colourless on redness, limit;

Softening: adding in rotary drum without ammonium macerating enzyme 2～1.5%, pH controls 8～8.2, and liquor ratio is 150%, water temperature 35 DEG C～38 DEG C, turns 40 minutes, washes, vexed washing twice after checking softening degree;

Pickling: skin is placed in pickling liquid, in pickling liquid moisture 150%, neutral salt 1～1.5%, water temperature is 22 DEG C～24 DEG C, turns 10 minutes, adds the formic acid 0.5% of concentration 85%, turn 20 minutes, add salt-free auxiliary pickling agent FSP, turn 10 minutes, add the sulphuric acid 1.2% opened with 10 times of aquations, adding at twice, within every 20 minutes, add after once and turn 30 points again, then controlling pickling liquid is 100%, add chromium powder 6%, turn 60/after chrome tanning subsequent technique routinely.

Preferably, described depilatory solution is formed by the component proportion of following weight portion: UHB2.5 part, UHA1.5 part, UHE0.3 part, sodium hydroxide 0.3 part, and 3 parts of water, with Testa oryzae thickening.

Preferably, in the process of described alkali swelling, being additionally added auxiliary agent UHE, UHE in rotary drum is 0.3%.

Preferably, in described tanning processes, chromium powder is the chromic oxide of concentration 24%, basicity 33, and alkali includes sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate, and pH value is 3.8～3.9.

Preferably, described chrome tanning subsequent technique is followed successively by the washing of retanning again and neutralizes water washing dyeing stuffing.

Preferably, in described neutralization washing step, being added with water, 0.5～1% degreasing agent and the formic acid 0.5% of 250%～300%, water temperature is 40～45 DEG C, turns 40 minutes, washes under the environment of pH3.6～3.7.

Preferably, in stuffing operation, add 150%, the water of 55 DEG C, then adds 8% phospholipid fatting agent, the synthetic fat liquor of 8%, 3% nonionic fatting agent, turns 60 minutes, add the concentration formic acid 1.6% more than or equal to 85%, turn 30 minutes, pH3.7～3.8.

The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the present invention in preparatory process, adopt ashless, without sulfur new technology, solve the generation of sulfide, solve the mud produced with pulverized limestone, solve enterprise's mud discharging problem. Tanning processes have employed without ammonia dealkalize and less salt technique, greatly reduce ammonia nitrogen discharge and Nacl exhaust emission. The present invention adopt without sulfur, ashless, without ammonia, less salt new technology, the leather hand feeling of production is soft, richness is good, and indices reaches EU criteria, outlet Europe, obtains the consistent favorable comment of user.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

The present invention relates to a kind of tanning production technique, including order below step: immersion fleshing depilation pushes away a mao alkali swelling split dealkalize softening pickling, tanning, then carrying out chrome tanning subsequent technique, the percentage composition in following operation is all to operate before this operation the weight of skin for benchmark;

Wherein, the step of immersion and fleshing conventionally processes means process;

Alkali swelling: carry out in rotary drum, liquor ratio 100%, namely wherein the ratio of skin and water is 1:1, adds UHB2%～2.5%, UHA1.5%, checks unhairing situation after rotating 40 minutes, and hair removes just passable, if unhairing is not to the utmost, extends 10 minutes; Add water to 2 times, i.e. 2 times of the former water yield, keep 30 DEG C of even temperature, add sodium hydroxide 1.5%, ashless expanding agent CAS 2%, dispersing agent for fibre OPF1%, within after turning 40 minutes each hour, turn 5 minutes, turn and stop combining after 16～18 hours, frizing split;

Split: to carry out split without ammonia salt deliming agent LAB; Wherein, LAB is the complex of the gas chromatography that can directly obtain, and it is without dimethylamine sulfide;

Pickling: skin is placed in pickling liquid, in pickling liquid moisture 150%, neutral salt 1～1.5%, water temperature is 22 DEG C～24 DEG C, turns 10 minutes, adds the formic acid 0.5% of concentration 85%, turn 20 minutes, add salt-free auxiliary pickling agent FSP, turn 10 minutes, add the sulphuric acid 1.2% opened with 10 times of aquations, add at twice, be generally and all add at twice, within every 20 minutes, add after once and turn 30 points again, then controlling pickling liquid is 100%, adds chromium powder 6%, turn 60/after chrome tanning subsequent technique routinely.

Described depilatory solution is formed by the component proportion of following weight portion: UHB2.5 part, UHA1.5 part, UHE0.3 part, sodium hydroxide 0.3 part, and 3 parts of water, with Testa oryzae thickening. Generally, can stir semi-fluid it is thickened to Testa oryzae. Wherein, UHB is mainly depilatory, and UHA is mainly the depilatory without sodium sulfide; UHA has depilation and regulates the performance that skin expands, and UHB has depilation and the fibriilar effect of dispersion agent, and both can fully ensure that the dispersion of the diastole of pore and fiber, it is simple to the carrying out of depilation operation; UHE is then a kind of depilation enzyme preparation, is excellent depilatory and fiber Bacillus polymyxa Neutral proteinase preparation, it is possible to loosening Rhizoma Imperatae, epidermis and scurf, and collagen fiber have good peptizaiton, in the present invention, UHE mainly applies the auxiliary agent into depilatory.

In the process of described alkali swelling, being additionally added auxiliary agent UHE, UHE in rotary drum is 0.3%.

In described tanning processes, chromium powder is the chromic oxide of concentration 24%, basicity 33, and alkali includes sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate, and pH value is 3.8～3.9.

Described chrome tanning subsequent technique is followed successively by the washing of retanning again and neutralizes water washing dyeing stuffing.

In described neutralization washing step, the water of interpolation 250%～300%, 0.5～1% degreasing agent and formic acid 0.5%, water temperature is 40～45 DEG C, turns 40 minutes, washes under the environment of pH3.6～3.7. Wherein, degreasing agent is without APEO.

In stuffing operation, add the water of 150%, 55 DEG C, then add 8% phospholipid fatting agent, the synthetic fat liquor of 8%, 3% nonionic fatting agent, turn 60 minutes, add the concentration formic acid 1.6% more than or equal to 85%, turn 30 minutes, pH3.7～3.8.

The reagent not illustrated in the present invention can according to those skilled in the art's understanding optimum selecting to the technology of the present invention.

The invention solves in prior art, sodium sulfide (or NaHS) is cheap due to it, unhairing and expansion effect is outstanding is used by leather-making enterprises is extensive always, Calx is also that its price is low and the effect that expands relaxes and is widely used, and the consequence that the use of this identical material brings to be substantial amounts of sulfide exceed standard and Calx produces substantial amounts of leather-making mud, simultaneously to substantial amounts of sewage, waste gas, mud carries out processing needs huge cost, the problem greatly reducing the profit margin of enterprise, in preparatory process, adopt ashless, new technology without sulfur, solve the generation of sulfide, solve the mud produced with pulverized limestone, solve enterprise's mud discharging problem. tanning processes have employed without ammonia dealkalize and less salt technique, greatly reduce ammonia nitrogen discharge and Nacl exhaust emission. the present invention adopt without sulfur, ashless, without ammonia, less salt new technology, the leather hand feeling of production is soft, richness is good, and indices reaches EU criteria, outlet Europe, obtains the consistent favorable comment of user.

Claims

1. a tanning production technique, it is characterized in that: include order below step: immersion fleshing depilation pushes away a mao alkali swelling split dealkalize softening pickling, tanning, then carrying out chrome tanning subsequent technique, the percentage composition in following operation is all to operate before this operation the weight of skin for benchmark;

Split: to carry out split without ammonia salt deliming agent LAB;

2. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described depilatory solution is formed by the component proportion of following weight portion: UHB2.5 part, UHA1.5 part, UHE0.3 part, sodium hydroxide 0.3 part, and 3 parts of water, with Testa oryzae thickening.

3. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the process of described alkali swelling, being additionally added auxiliary agent UHE, UHE in rotary drum is 0.3%.

4. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described tanning processes, chromium powder is the chromic oxide of concentration 24%, basicity 33, and alkali includes sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate, and pH value is 3.8～3.9.

5. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described chrome tanning subsequent technique is followed successively by the washing of retanning again and neutralizes water washing dyeing stuffing.

6. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described neutralization washing step, the water of interpolation 250%～300%, 0.5～1% degreasing agent and formic acid 0.5%, water temperature is 40～45 DEG C, turn 40 minutes, wash under the environment of pH3.6～3.7.

7. a kind of tanning production technique according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in stuffing operation, add the water of 150%, 55 DEG C, then 8% phospholipid fatting agent, the synthetic fat liquor of 8%, 3% nonionic fatting agent are added, turn 60 minutes, add the concentration formic acid 1.6% more than or equal to 85%, turn 30 minutes, pH3.7～3.8.