CN105670697A - Method for dehydrating, coupling and gasifying brown coal by aid of microwave - Google Patents

Method for dehydrating, coupling and gasifying brown coal by aid of microwave Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105670697A
CN105670697A CN201610049274.9A CN201610049274A CN105670697A CN 105670697 A CN105670697 A CN 105670697A CN 201610049274 A CN201610049274 A CN 201610049274A CN 105670697 A CN105670697 A CN 105670697A
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China
Prior art keywords
brown coal
microwave
dehydration
gasification
coal
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Pending
Application number
CN201610049274.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王晴东
陈彪
王光华
刘阳
李文兵
万栋
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
Wuhan University of Science and Technology WHUST
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Priority to CN201610049274.9A priority Critical patent/CN105670697A/en
Publication of CN105670697A publication Critical patent/CN105670697A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for dehydrating, coupling and gasifying brown coal by the aid of microwave.The technical scheme includes that the method comprises crushing the brown coal until brown coal particles with the particle sizes of 0.5-50 mm are obtained, dehydrating the brown coal particles in a microwave heating dehydration plant until the moisture contents of the brown coal particles are lower than 10wt% so as to obtain water vapor and dehydrated brown coal particles; arranging the dehydrated brown coal particles in a microwave heating device, filling the microwave heating device with the water vapor from the bottom of the microwave heating device under the condition of the temperature of 600-1500 DEG C, carrying out gasification reaction on the filled water vapor and the heated dehydrated brown coal particles to obtain gasified coal gas.The method has the advantages of low energy consumption and wastewater quantity, high heating efficiency, simple process, easiness in operation and capability of improving brown coal comprehensive utilization efficiency.

Description

A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brown coal and utilize technical field. Particularly relate to a kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification.
Background technology
China is world's consumption of coal first big country, accounts for the 50.6% of the whole world. For many years in China's energy consumption structure, coal accounts for 70%, and estimates within the some time in future, and coal will continue to keep dominant position. Due to high-carbon content and the backwardness utilizing technology of coal resources, it, as while main energy sources and industrial chemicals, is also the main resources causing environmental pollution. At present, China's topsoil situation is very serious, and haze takes place frequently, and has become whole world PM2.5Pollute one of area the most serious. The role and influence in China's socio-economic development that utilize of coal resources have become a kind of awkward selection. Therefore, development clean coal chemical industry, research and development clean coal technology is more and more subject to people's attention.
Brown coal have another name called bavin coal, are the mineral products coals that degree of coalification is minimum, are a kind of brownish black between peat and pitch coal, matt grizzle. According to statistics, to the end of the year 2013, the whole world brown coal can mine reserves about 2,011 hundred million tons, account for worldwide coal all can mine reserves 22.5%. Lignite resource total amount within China buried depth 2000m about 3,194 hundred million tons, proven reserve about 1,291 hundred million tons, account for the 13% of whole nation coal proven reserve. Brown coal not only have the feature of high-volatile, ash content and fixed carbon and lower calorific value, and the most important feature is moisture content height. The moisture content newly adopting brown coal is usually 30 ~ 60%, and this feature has become the major obstacle that brown coal efficiently utilize. Being dewatered by brown coal upgrading, not only energy consumption is big, and dehydration condensation is got off and is difficult to the organic waste water of process in a large number, and brown coal easy-weathering spontaneous combustion cracked, oxidizable after dewatering, is difficult to washing and stores. Therefore, the transportation cost of brown coal unit energy is higher, is not suitable for long-distance transportation and storage. For a long time, brown coal mainly as the low order fuel of a kind of cheapness, at source near combustion power generation. Not only thermo-efficiency is low, the level of resources utilization is low and less economical for combustion power generation, and greenhouse gases and PM2.5Quantity discharged is big. People are seeking to develop the clean coal technology that a kind of energy consumption for brown coal is low, resource utilization is high always.
Gasification is a kind of important method of coal chemistry processing, is also one of the gordian technique of cleaning coal utilization. The process that coal carries out the obtained coal gas of thermal chemical reaction under the high temperature conditions with vaporized chemical is called gasification of coal. Conventional vaporized chemical comprises the mixture of oxygen (or air, oxygen-rich air), water vapour, carbonic acid gas, hydrogen and these gases. Compared with feed coal, the gas-fired after gasification is stablized, non-environmental-pollution, is convenient to conveying and purification, and the composition of raw material and charging capacity be regulable control all easily; Gaseous feed is also particularly suitable for the chemical industry building-up process of heterogeneous catalysis. Therefore, coal gas after gasification both can directly be used as fuel gas, it is also possible to for town gas, smelting process reducing gas, combined cycle generation, synthesis of chemicals and liquid fuel etc. after purification, conversion and the technological process such as refining.
At present, domestic and international coal gasification process mainly contains pressurization of dry pulverized coal two stage gasification method, ash melts poly-coal gasification method, water-coal-slurry gasification method, non-slag-slag classification gasification method, space flight stove gasification process and polynary slurry gasification process etc. These methods are all make coal reach higher temperature conditions in conventional heating mode, then gasify, although may be used for the gasification of brown coal, but still can not solve the problem that energy consumption is big and wastewater flow rate is big owing to brown coal moisture content height causes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome prior art defect, it is intended that provide that a kind of energy consumption is low, wastewater flow rate is little, heating efficiency height, technique are simple, be easy to operate and can improve the method for the brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification of comprehensive utilization ratio.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the step of the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Step one, brown coal particle brown coal are crushed to particle diameter being 0.5mm ~ 50mm, more described brown coal particle is inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, dehydration is less than 10wt% to water content, obtains water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle.
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 600 ~ 1500 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
The water content of described brown coal is 10 ~ 60wt%.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention has following useful effect:
1, the present invention adopts microwave heating to dewater by after brown coal fragmentation, and owing to microwave heating has selectivity, the moisture in brown coal is preferentially heated, heating efficiency height, can improve rate of water loss and shorten dewatering time; The present invention is compared with conventional dewatering, and in brown coal, organic matter relative temperature is lower, volatilizees less, and the moisture degree of cleaning deviate from are higher, are convenient to later use.
2, the moisture self contained that brown coal microwave is deviate from by the present invention carries out brown coal microwave coupled gasification as vaporized chemical, solve brown coal upgrading utilize in wastewater problem, be gasification coal gas by the water transform contained by brown coal, it is to increase H2With CO gas yield.
3, the present invention is that brown coal are gasified by thermal source taking microwave, gasification product CO2Under microwave exposure can at a lower temperature with water and carbon generation reforming reaction, generate H2With CO, it is to increase H in gasification coal gas2With CO content, lignite resource is fully used further.
4, the moisture self contained that brown coal microwave dehydration is gone out by the present invention directly carries out brown coal microwave coupled gasification with vapor form, compared with the brown coal hydrogasification of conventional heating mode, having saved water by liquid state is the latent heat that vaporous water steam consumes, and energy-saving effect is remarkable.
5, the dehydration brown coal particle obtained after brown coal microwave dehydration is adopted microwave to gasify as thermal source by the present invention, heating efficiency height, and rate of heating is fast, is easy to operation, and can form localized hyperthermia's focus at dehydration brown coal particle, thus strengthens brown coal hydrogasification reaction.
Therefore, the present invention has the advantages that energy consumption is low, wastewater flow rate is little, heating efficiency height, technique simple, be easy to operate and can improve brown coal comprehensive utilization ratio.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, not to the restriction of its protection domain:
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification. The concrete steps of described method are:
Step one, the brown coal by water content being 10 ~ 20wt% are crushed to the brown coal particle that particle diameter is 0.5 ~ 10mm, more described brown coal particle are inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, and dehydration is 1 ~ 5wt% to water content, obtain water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 800 ~ 1200 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification. The concrete steps of described method are:
Step one, the brown coal by water content being 20 ~ 30wt% are crushed to the brown coal particle that particle diameter is 8 ~ 20mm, more described brown coal particle are inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, and dehydration is 2 ~ 6wt% to water content, obtain water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 900 ~ 1300 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification. The concrete steps of described method are:
Step one, the brown coal by water content being 25 ~ 40wt% are crushed to the brown coal particle that particle diameter is 5 ~ 30mm, more described brown coal particle are inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, and dehydration, to water content 3 ~ 7wt%, obtains water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 600 ~ 900 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification. The concrete steps of described method are:
Step one, the brown coal by water content being 40 ~ 55wt% are crushed to the brown coal particle that particle diameter is 10 ~ 45mm, more described brown coal particle are inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, and dehydration, to water content 4 ~ 8wt%, obtains water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method of brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification. The concrete steps of described method are:
Step one, the brown coal by water content being 45 ~ 60wt% are crushed to the brown coal particle that particle diameter is 35 ~ 50mm, more described brown coal particle are inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, and dehydration, to water content 5 ~ 10wt%, obtains water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 850 ~ 1150 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
This embodiment has following useful effect:
1, this embodiment adopts microwave heating to dewater by after brown coal fragmentation, and owing to microwave heating has selectivity, the moisture in brown coal is preferentially heated, heating efficiency height, can improve rate of water loss and shorten dewatering time; This embodiment is compared with conventional dewatering, and in brown coal, organic matter relative temperature is lower, volatilizees less, and the moisture degree of cleaning deviate from are higher, are convenient to later use.
2, the moisture self contained that brown coal microwave is deviate from by this embodiment carries out brown coal microwave coupled gasification as vaporized chemical, solve brown coal upgrading utilize in wastewater problem, be gasification coal gas by the water transform contained by brown coal, it is to increase H2With CO gas yield.
3, this embodiment is that brown coal are gasified by thermal source taking microwave, gasification product CO2Under microwave exposure can at a lower temperature with water and carbon generation reforming reaction, generate H2With CO, it is to increase H in gasification coal gas2With CO content, lignite resource is fully used further.
4, the moisture self contained that brown coal microwave dehydration is gone out by this embodiment directly carries out brown coal microwave coupled gasification with vapor form, compared with the brown coal hydrogasification of conventional heating mode, having saved water by liquid state is the latent heat that vaporous water steam consumes, and energy-saving effect is remarkable.
5, the dehydration brown coal particle obtained after brown coal microwave dehydration is adopted microwave to gasify as thermal source by this embodiment, heating efficiency height, rate of heating is fast, is easy to operation, and localized hyperthermia's focus can be formed at dehydration brown coal particle, thus strengthen brown coal hydrogasification reaction.
Therefore, this embodiment has the advantages that energy consumption is low, wastewater flow rate is little, heating efficiency height, technique simple, be easy to operate and can improve brown coal comprehensive utilization ratio.

Claims (2)

1. the method for a brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification, it is characterised in that the step of described method is:
Step one, brown coal particle brown coal are crushed to particle diameter being 0.5mm ~ 50mm, more described brown coal particle is inserted microwave heating dewatering unit, dehydration is less than 10wt% to water content, obtains water vapour and dehydration brown coal particle;
Step 2, dehydration brown coal particle step one obtained insert microwave heating installation, then under 600 ~ 1500 DEG C of conditions, the water vapour that step one is obtained lead to from the bottom of microwave heating installation into, lead to into water vapour and the dehydration brown coal particle of heating carry out gasification reaction, obtain gasification coal gas.
2. the method for brown coal microwave dehydration coupled gasification according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water content of described brown coal is 10 ~ 60wt%.
CN201610049274.9A 2016-01-26 2016-01-26 Method for dehydrating, coupling and gasifying brown coal by aid of microwave Pending CN105670697A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114700080A (en) * 2022-05-06 2022-07-05 武汉科技大学 Coal gasification catalyst, loading method thereof and application of coal gasification catalyst in microwave gasification of low-rank coal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284416A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-08-18 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Integrated coal drying and steam gasification process
US4309197A (en) * 1979-09-13 1982-01-05 Chukhanov Zinovy F Method for processing pulverized solid fuel
WO2003086991A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and device for drying and gasifying sludge
US20120094198A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2012-04-19 ThermoChem Recovery International Gasifier Having Integrated Fuel Cell Power Generation System

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4309197A (en) * 1979-09-13 1982-01-05 Chukhanov Zinovy F Method for processing pulverized solid fuel
US4284416A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-08-18 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Integrated coal drying and steam gasification process
WO2003086991A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method and device for drying and gasifying sludge
US20120094198A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2012-04-19 ThermoChem Recovery International Gasifier Having Integrated Fuel Cell Power Generation System

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114700080A (en) * 2022-05-06 2022-07-05 武汉科技大学 Coal gasification catalyst, loading method thereof and application of coal gasification catalyst in microwave gasification of low-rank coal

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