CN102604656A - Heat-storage type biomass pyrolysis method and system - Google Patents
Heat-storage type biomass pyrolysis method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102604656A CN102604656A CN2012100481163A CN201210048116A CN102604656A CN 102604656 A CN102604656 A CN 102604656A CN 2012100481163 A CN2012100481163 A CN 2012100481163A CN 201210048116 A CN201210048116 A CN 201210048116A CN 102604656 A CN102604656 A CN 102604656A
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat-storage type biomass pyrolysis method and system which can realize large-scale production and has low operation cost and low total energy consumption. The heat-storage type biomass pyrolysis method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating the biomass: pretreating the raw materials of a biomass to obtain the raw materials which can be used for the pyrolysis of the biomass; (2) subjecting the biomass to pyrolysis: spreading the pretreated raw materials of the biomass on the rotating bottom of a heat-storage type gas radiating tube rotating bed uniformly, making the raw materials of the biomass heated gradually in a sealed spaced along with the rotating of the rotating bottom of a heat-storage type gas radiating tube rotating bed, keeping the raw materials of the biomass at the reaction temperature of 200-800 DEG C for 30-120 minutes, subjecting the raw materials of the biomass to reaction to produce the gaseous substance and the solid biological carbon; and (3) collecting and posttreating the products of pyrolysis; collecting the gaseous substance generated in the step (2), condensing, and separating the pyrolysis gas and the condensible liquid. The pyrolysis gas can be totally or partially used as the fuel of a heat-storage type gas radiating tube, and the discharged solid biological carbon is collected after being quenched and cooled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass pyrolytic method and system thereof, relate in particular to a kind of heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method and system thereof.
Background technology
Along with people's is growing to energy demand, as the but minimizing rapidly of fuel of main energy sources.According to USDOE and World Energy Council's prediction, the time limit exploited of global bunker coal, oil and natural gas was respectively 211 years, 39 years and 60 years.And the use of a large amount of fossil oils has caused the increase of global warmization and SOx and NOx quantity discharged, severe contamination atmospheric environment.Therefore, seek the focus that a kind of reproducible environmentally friendly energy just becomes social common concern.In various renewable energy sources; Biomass are unique; Can not only store sun power, still a kind of reproducible carbon source can change into conventional solid-state, liquid state and gaseous fuel; Effective utilization to biomass energy not only can reduce the usage quantity to fossil oil, can suppress emission amount of carbon dioxide again.According to estimates, plant reaches 2 * 1011t through photosynthesis fixed carbon every year on the earth, and energy content is up to 3 * 1018kJ, and the developable energy is equivalent to 10 times of the annual energy consumption in the whole world approximately.China's biomass energy resource is quite abundant, and theoretical biomass energy resource has 50 * 108t standard coal equivalent approximately, is 4 times of the present total energy consumption of China.Biomass energy effectively utilizes technology to start from phase late 1970s, mainly is to utilize thermochemistry conversion and conversion technology that Wood Adhesives from Biomass is gas, liquid and solid-state various energy resources product and chemical.Thermochemical method comprises: directly burning, gasification and pyrolysis.Numerous discovers; The biomass pyrolytic technology is the important channel that biomass are utilized; Especially Along with people's is to the continuous increase of pyrolysis product research, be that the research and the application of the pyrolytic technique of purpose more and more comes into one's own to obtain maximum liquid product (bio oil).Biomass pyrolytic be biomass under certain gasifying medium condition, produce the biomass pyrolytic degradation process of liquid (bio oil), gas (combustible gas), 3 kinds of products of solid (coke).Biomass pyrolysis liquefaction is converted into the inevitable direction that bio-fuel-oil is the development of biomass pyrolytic technology.From now on, this technology will be extensively developed and use, and produces huge social benefit and economic benefit.
Prior biological matter pyrolytic technique mainly comprises fixed bed biomass pyrolysis and biomass fluid bed pyrolytic technique.The fixed bed biomass pyrolysis exist the bed of material be heated inequality, can't operate continuously problem; Though fluidized-bed can make the bed internal temperature even, treatment scale is less, requires material particles less; And pyrolysis gas and fluidized gas mix, and have increased pyrolysis gas and fluidized gas separation processes.In addition, traditional external-heat type of heating need consume a large amount of combustion gas, and running cost is high.All the other technology of developing comprise biomass pyrolytic technology such as vacuum moving-bed, drainage bed, entrained flow, many furnace apparatus, rotation awl, and its total shortcoming is that treatment scale is less, and energy consumption is higher.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of can scale operation, running cost is low, total energy consumption is low heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method and system thereof.
Realize the heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method of one of the object of the invention, comprise the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of biomass, with biomass material through obtain after the pre-treatment can be as the raw material of biomass pyrolytic;
(2) biomass pyrolytic; With the biomass material even stone at the bottom of the rotation bed of regenerative gas radiator tube rotating bed after step (1) processing; Along with rotating the bed rotation at the end; Raw material by heating gradually, stopped under 200～800 ℃ temperature of reaction 30～120 minutes in enclosed space, generated gaseous state thing and solid biologic charcoal;
Heat in the rotating bed is provided by the regenerative gas radiator tube that is arranged in the rotating bed, and flue gas and the gaseous state thing in the rotating bed in the radiator tube are isolated;
(3) said step (2) is collected in the collection of pyrolysis product and aftertreatment but the gaseous state thing of generation goes out pyrolysis gas and lime set body, all or part of fuel as the regenerative gas radiator tube of pyrolysis gas through condensation separation; The solid biologic charcoal of discharging carries out quenching cooling back and collects.
The isolating pyrolysis gas in condensation cooling back is stored in the gas tank through after purifying (decoking, desulfurization, denitration) in the said step (3); Pyrolysis gas in the gas tank links to each other with heat-storage type burner with pipeline through press device, is that heat-storage type burner provides source of the gas as combustion gas; Other is provided with one road afterburning combustion gas gas circuit, and the afterburning combustion gas is provided when pyrolysis gas is not enough or unstable.
The pre-treatment of said step (1) comprises with the next item down or multinomial:
The biomass oven dry;
Biomass are pulverized;
Biomass granulation or piece, after the pulverizing with biomass boil down to particulate state, bulk or cylindric.
Biomass are at the bed thickness 50～400mm that rotates bed end stone in the said step (2).
The gaseous state thing of producing in the said step (2) is collected through the pipeline of rotating bed top or sidewall, and said solid biologic charcoal rotates a circle after sealed discharging machine is discharged with furnace bottom in stove.
Said step (3) but isolated lime set body through oily water separation, obtains bio oil and sewage.
Realize two the heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic system of the object of the invention, comprise double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the biomass pretreatment system that links to each other with the opening for feed of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the quenching refrigerating unit that links to each other with the solid matter outlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, export the condensing works that links to each other, the preheating unit that links to each other with the fuel gas inlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed with the gaseous substance of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed; The pyrolysis gas outlet of said condensing works connects cleaner, and the purified gas outlet of said cleaner connects the fuel gas inlet of preheating unit, and said preheating unit also is provided with gas inlet.
Said cleaner is provided with another purified gas outlet, and this another clean gas outlet connects gas tank, and the outlet of this gas tank links to each other with the afterburning gas inlet of preheating unit.Be used for unnecessary purified gas storage, and can replenish the combustion gas in the preheating unit when needed.
But the outlet of the lime set body of said condensing works is connected with water-and-oil separator, but the bio oil in the lime set body is separated with sewage.
Said biomass pretreatment system comprises one or more in moisture eliminator, kibbler and the shaper.
The beneficial effect of heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method of the present invention and system thereof is following:
1, heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method of the present invention and system thereof, the pyrolysis oven that uses is the ring rotation bed, can accomplish the continuously feeding and the discharging of biomass material, and realizes single stove large-scale production through enlarging the rotating bed diameter; Dehydrate the bulk density that has increased biomass with compressed moulding before the pyrolysis in addition, improved processing power.
2, the present invention adopts double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes burner; Replace the outsourcing combustion gas gas that acts as a fuel with low-calorie pyrolysis gas of biomass, not only realized stable burning, and efficiency of combustion can reach more than 85%; Guarantee the self-sufficiency of biomass pyrolytic energy, thereby reduced running cost.
3, flue gas and pyrolysis air bound leave in the heat-processed, add the Seal Design of rotating bed, have guaranteed that pyrolysis carries out under oxygen free condition, thereby have improved the calorific value of pyrolysis gas to greatest extent.
4, biomass pyrolysis product pyrolysis gas, bio oil and charcoal not only can act as a fuel, and can be used as the industrial raw material sale, have than the better economic worth of generating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic of the present invention system.
Embodiment
Under the heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic of the present invention system implementation for example:
As shown in Figure 1; Heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic of the present invention system comprises double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed 1, the biomass pretreatment system 2 that links to each other with the opening for feed of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed 1, the quenching refrigerating unit 3 that links to each other with the solid matter outlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed 1, exports the condensing works 4 that links to each other, the preheating unit 5 that links to each other with the fuel gas inlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed 1 with the gaseous substance of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed 1; The pyrolysis gas outlet of said condensing works 4 connects cleaner 6, and the purified gas outlet of said cleaner 6 connects the fuel gas inlet of preheating unit 5, and said preheating unit 5 also is provided with gas inlet.
Said cleaner 6 is provided with another purified gas outlet, and this another clean gas outlet connects gas tank 7, and the outlet of this gas tank 7 links to each other with the afterburning gas inlet of preheating unit 5.Be used for unnecessary purified gas storage, and the combustion gas that can replenish 5 li of preheating units when needed.
But the outlet of the lime set body of said condensing works 4 is connected with water-and-oil separator 8, but the bio oil in the lime set body is separated with sewage.
Said biomass pretreatment system 2 comprises moisture eliminator 21, kibbler 22 and shaper 23.
Heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) biomass are through carrying out drying after the pre-treatment, and dried biomass are pulverized and in shaper, are compressed into particulate state, bulk or cylindric, are transported to biomass silo by conveyor then, quantitative stone mechanism feed to rotating bed.Stone 50～400mm in regenerative gas radiator tube rotating bed is thick for biomass, under 200～800 ℃ temperature of reaction, stopped 30～120 minutes, and biomass pyrolysis under anaerobic state, the gaseous substance of generation is collected by the pipeline of rotating bed top or sidewall.Solid matter after the pyrolysis is discharged by the sealed discharging mechanism of rotating bed.
Regenerative gas radiator tube rotating bed is a main equipment of realizing biomass pyrolytic, and it comprises the rotating bed pyrolysis oven, regenerative gas radiant tube burner, and auxiliary mechanisies such as stone, discharging.Rotating bed pyrolysis oven form biomass pyrolysis provides the space and the environment of reaction.The regenerative gas radiant tube burner carries out preheating through heat-storage type burner to combustion gas (air), and in radiator tube efficient burning, with thermal-radiating mode rotating bed endogenous substance pyrolysis institute heat requirement is provided.The thermo-efficiency of regenerative gas radiant tube burner reaches more than 85%, and the more important thing is can the low-calorie combustion gas of stable burning.
(2) gaseous substance that comes out from rotating bed is at first lowered the temperature through condensing works, but lime set body is wherein freeze-outed.But the lime set body comprises water, tar and solid particulate matter etc.But the lime set body passes through oily water separation again, and the bio oil that obtains can be used as raw material sale or further precision work; The sewage of separating is through qualified discharge after the WWT.
(3) the pyrolysis gas that after condensation is lowered the temperature still is gas is stored in the gas tank through after purifying (decoking, desulfurization, denitration).Pyrolysis gas in the gas tank links to each other with heat-storage type burner with pipeline through press device, is that heat-storage type burner provides source of the gas as combustion gas.Other is provided with one road afterburning combustion gas gas circuit, and the afterburning combustion gas is provided when pyrolysis gas is not enough or unstable.
Heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method of the present invention and system thereof; Adopt double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes burner that biomass pyrolytic institute heat requirement is provided; Biomass evenly are laid on the rotating bed furnace roof and along with the rotation of furnace bottom is placed in the heat accumulation type radiant tube even heating of furnace wall, flue gas and pyrolysis air bound leave in the heat-processed.This kind method suitable particulates size range is wider, and the low heating value gas that produces of pyrolysis can be used as the fuel of regenerative radiant tube burner, has reduced running cost, and total energy consumption is low.And rotating bed can realize scale operation through enlarging furnace diameter, and high energy is realized the biomass processes scale of 1,000,000 t/.
Claims (10)
1. a heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method comprises the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of biomass, with biomass material through obtain after the pre-treatment can be as the raw material of biomass pyrolytic;
(2) biomass pyrolytic; With the biomass material even stone at the bottom of the rotation bed of regenerative gas radiator tube rotating bed after step (1) processing; Along with rotating the bed rotation at the end; Raw material by heating gradually, stopped under 200～800 ℃ temperature of reaction 30～120 minutes in enclosed space, generated gaseous state thing and solid biologic charcoal;
Heat in the rotating bed is provided by the regenerative gas radiator tube that is arranged in the rotating bed, and flue gas and the gaseous state thing in the rotating bed in the radiator tube are isolated;
(3) said step (2) is collected in the collection of pyrolysis product and aftertreatment but the gaseous state thing of generation goes out pyrolysis gas and lime set body, all or part of fuel as the regenerative gas radiator tube of pyrolysis gas through condensation separation; The solid biologic charcoal of discharging carries out quenching cooling back and collects.
2. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the isolating pyrolysis gas in condensation cooling back is stored in the gas tank through after purifying in the said step (3); Pyrolysis gas in the gas tank links to each other with heat-storage type burner with pipeline through press device, is that heat-storage type burner provides source of the gas as combustion gas; Other is provided with one road afterburning combustion gas gas circuit, and the afterburning combustion gas is provided when pyrolysis gas is not enough or unstable.
3. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the pre-treatment of said step (1) comprises with the next item down or multinomial:
The biomass oven dry;
Biomass are pulverized;
Biomass granulation or piece, after the pulverizing with biomass boil down to particulate state, bulk or cylindric.
4. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: biomass are at the bed thickness 50～400mm that rotates bed end stone in the said step (2).
5. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: the gaseous state thing of producing in the said step (2) is collected through the pipeline of rotating bed top or sidewall, and said solid biologic charcoal rotates a circle after sealed discharging machine is discharged with furnace bottom in stove.
6. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said step (3) but isolated lime set body through oily water separation, obtains bio oil and sewage.
7. a heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic system comprises double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the biomass pretreatment system that links to each other with the opening for feed of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the quenching refrigerating unit that links to each other with the solid matter outlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the condensing works that links to each other with the gaseous substance outlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed, the preheating unit that links to each other with the fuel gas inlet of said double heat storage type gas fired radiant tubes rotating bed; The pyrolysis gas outlet of said condensing works connects cleaner, and the purified gas outlet of said cleaner connects the fuel gas inlet of preheating unit, and said preheating unit also is provided with gas inlet.
8. heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic according to claim 7 system, it is characterized in that: said cleaner is provided with another purified gas outlet, and this another clean gas outlet connects gas tank, and the outlet of this gas tank links to each other with the afterburning gas inlet of preheating unit.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic systems, it is characterized in that: but the outlet of the lime set body of said condensing works is connected with water-and-oil separator.
10. according to claim 7 or 8 described heat accumulating type biomass pyrolytic systems, it is characterized in that: said biomass pretreatment system comprises one or more in moisture eliminator, kibbler and the shaper.
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| CN2012100481163A CN102604656A (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-02-28 | Heat-storage type biomass pyrolysis method and system |
| PCT/CN2012/080271 WO2013127159A1 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2012-08-16 | Heat-accumulating type biomass pyrolysis method and system therefor |
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| CN102936507A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-20 | 北京华电光大新能源环保技术有限公司 | Poly-generation device and method for biomass pyrolysis |
| CN103011157A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-04-03 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for producing activated carbon and hydrogen through low-temperature pyrolysis of biomass steam |
| WO2013127159A1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Heat-accumulating type biomass pyrolysis method and system therefor |
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| CN106518475A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-03-22 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for preparing biomass charcoal-based urea fertilizer from straw |
| CN109721441A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | 北京源农炭肥技术有限公司 | A kind of system and method preparing oil, gas and charcoal base coat fertilizer using agricultural-forestry biomass Poly-generation |
| CN108587671A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-28 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of biomass quick catalysis pyrolysis |
| CN108587671B (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | 华北电力大学 | Device and method for biomass rapid catalytic pyrolysis |
| CN109134151A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-04 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | A kind of fluidized bed biomass carbon prepares charcoal base organic fertilizer recycling device and method |
| CN112058222A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-11 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing in-situ formed high-specific-surface-area biochar |
| CN112058222B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-12-03 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing in-situ formed high-specific-surface-area biochar |
| CN113698965A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Solar gasification system based on high-temperature solid particle heat carrier |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |